11.180.10 - Aids and adaptation for moving
ICS 11.180.10 Details
Aids and adaptation for moving
Hilfsmittel zur Fortbewegung. Prothesen. Orthesen
Aides a la marche
Pripomočki in prilagoditve za gibanje
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 11.180.10 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Aids and adaptation for moving". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 201 standards classified under ICS 11.180.10 (Aids and adaptation for moving). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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- Standard1 pageEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and test methods for electromagnetic emissions and for electromagnetic immunity of electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters, intended for indoor or outdoor use, or both, by people with disabilities. It is also applicable to manual wheelchairs with an add-on power kit. It is not applicable to vehicles designed to carry more than one person. This document also specifies requirements and test methods for the electromagnetic compatibility of battery chargers intended for use with electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters. A reference configuration is specified for adjustable wheelchairs and scooters in order to enable test results to be used for comparison of performance.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
1.1 This draft European Standard deals with safety requirements for construction, manufacturing, installation, maintenance and dismantling of electrically powered vertical lifting platforms affixed to a building structure intended for use by persons with impaired mobility:
- travelling vertically between predefined levels along a guided path whose inclination to the vertical does not exceed 15°;
- intended for use by persons with or without a wheelchair;
- supported or sustained by rack and pinion, rope traction drive, noncircular elastomeric-coated steel suspension members (hereafter called flat belt) traction drive, rope positive drive, chains, toothed belts, screw and nut, guided chain, scissors mechanism or hydraulic jack (direct or indirect);
- with enclosed liftways;
- with a speed not greater than 0,15 m/s;
- with platforms where the carrier is not completely enclosed.
1.2 This draft European Standard deals with all significant hazards relevant to lifting platforms, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
1.3 This draft European Standard does not specify the additional requirements for:
- operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme climates, strong magnetic fields);
- lightning protection;
- operation subject to special rules (e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres);
- handling of materials, the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations;
- vertical lifting platforms whose primary function is the transportation of goods;
- vertical lifting platforms whose carriers are completely enclosed;
- vertical lifting platforms prone to vandalism;
- hazards occurring during manufacture;
- earthquakes, flooding;
- firefighting, evacuation and behaviour during a fire;
- noise and vibrations;
- the design of concrete, hard core, timber or other foundation or building arrangement;
- the design of anchorage bolts to the supporting structure;
- type C wheelchairs as defined in EN 12183 and/or EN 12184.
NOTE For the actual type of machinery, noise is not considered a significant nor relevant hazard.
1.4 This draft European Standard is not applicable to Vertical Lifting Platforms intended for use by persons with impaired mobility which are manufactured before the date of its publication as an EN.
- Standard111 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Standard2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and test methods of rollators being used as assistive products for walking with wheels, manipulated by both arms, without accessories, unless specified in the particular test procedure. This document also gives requirements relating to safety, ergonomics, performance and information supplied by the manufacturer including marking and labelling.
The requirements and tests are based on every-day use of rollators as assistive products for walking for a maximum user mass as specified by the manufacturer. This document includes rollators specified for a user mass of no less than 35 kg.
This document is not applicable to rollators with horizontal forearm supports, classified as walking tables, for which ISO 11199-3 is applicable.
- Amendment7 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and test methods of rollators being used as assistive products for walking with wheels, manipulated by both arms, without accessories, unless specified in the particular test procedure. This document also gives requirements relating to safety, ergonomics, performance and information supplied by the manufacturer including marking and labelling.
The requirements and tests are based on every-day use of rollators as assistive products for walking for a maximum user mass as specified by the manufacturer. This document includes rollators specified for a user mass of no less than 35 kg.
This document is not applicable to rollators with horizontal forearm supports, classified as walking tables, for which ISO 11199-3 is applicable.
- Amendment7 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Standard1 pageEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard1 pageFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard1 pageFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and test methods of walking sticks with three or more legs used as assistive products for walking, manipulated by one arm, without accessories, unless specified in the particular test procedure. This document also gives requirements related to safety, ergonomics, performance and information supplied by the manufacturer, including marking and labelling.
The requirements and tests are based on every-day use of walking sticks with three or more legs as assistive products for walking for a maximum user mass as specified by the manufacturer. This document is for walking sticks with three or more legs specified for a user mass of no less than 35 kg.
This document is not applicable to walking sticks with three or more legs with underarm or forearm support or with moving parts such as a universal joint.
- Standard27 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Draft27 pagesSlovenian languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and test methods of walking sticks with three or more legs used as assistive products for walking, manipulated by one arm, without accessories, unless specified in the particular test procedure. This document also gives requirements related to safety, ergonomics, performance and information supplied by the manufacturer, including marking and labelling.
The requirements and tests are based on every-day use of walking sticks with three or more legs as assistive products for walking for a maximum user mass as specified by the manufacturer. This document is for walking sticks with three or more legs specified for a user mass of no less than 35 kg.
This document is not applicable to walking sticks with three or more legs with underarm or forearm support or with moving parts such as a universal joint.
- Standard27 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Draft27 pagesSlovenian languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and test methods of walking sticks with three or more legs used as assistive products for walking, manipulated by one arm, without accessories, unless specified in the particular test procedure. This document also gives requirements related to safety, ergonomics, performance and information supplied by the manufacturer, including marking and labelling. The requirements and tests are based on every-day use of walking sticks with three or more legs as assistive products for walking for a maximum user mass as specified by the manufacturer. This document is for walking sticks with three or more legs specified for a user mass of no less than 35 kg. This document is not applicable to walking sticks with three or more legs with underarm or forearm support or with moving parts such as a universal joint.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard19 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements for the selection, placement and fixation of flexible postural support devices within seating devices and systems and to chairs, including wheelchairs and bathroom equipment. Seating devices can be involved in one or more situations, including hoists, static seating, wheelchair seating, shower chairs, etc. The devices enable the seated person (the occupant) to be positioned to maximize their functional activities in a safe environment. These requirements are formulated to achieve a balance of posture maintenance and safety. This document covers flexible positioning supports (padded or otherwise) used for postural positioning and/or safety. It does not cover belts and harnesses used in transportation for restraint, postural support devices made from rigid materials such as metal, wood, or hard plastics, or postural support devices designed solely for use in sports-related seating.
- Technical specification51 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies test methods for the exoskeleton-type walking RACA robot used as medical electrical equipment which is intended to move from one location to another, by making reciprocating motion having intermittent contact with the travel surface.
This document does not apply to passive or non-powered exoskeletons.
NOTE These tests can be used to verify conformity with the requirements of IEC 80601-2-78.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies test methods for the exoskeleton-type walking RACA robot used as medical electrical equipment which is intended to move from one location to another, by making reciprocating motion having intermittent contact with the travel surface. This document does not apply to passive or non-powered exoskeletons. NOTE These tests can be used to verify conformity with the requirements of IEC 80601-2-78.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document describes common terms related to forces and their effects as experienced by human bodies and their support surfaces. It provides further information on concepts around how these forces affect the human body's response to postural support systems, and particularly highlights the impact of the interface between tissues and postural support devices (PSD) on the maintenance of tissue integrity. It provides a general introduction to biomechanical concepts, phenomena, and vocabulary. This is intended to facilitate effective understanding and sharing of information between a range of disciplines/stakeholders involved in providing equipment to manage tissue integrity. Representative stakeholders include people with a disability, occupational therapists, physical therapists, biomedical engineers, nurses, medical and para medical personnel, device manufacturers, and other professionals facilitating development, provision, and access to seating and mobility equipment. This document does not provide detailed information that is currently available in physiological text books or scientific literature.
- Technical specification12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and test methods for lithium-ion batteries and battery systems intended for use in electrically powered wheelchairs, and their charging systems.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
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1.1 This specification covers total elbow replacement (TER) prostheses and hemi-elbow replacement (“hemi”) prostheses used to provide functioning articulation by employing humeral, ulnar, and/or radial components that allow for the restoration of motion of the human elbow joint complex.
1.2 Included within the scope of this specification are elbow prosthesis components for primary and revision surgery with linked and non-linked designs and components implanted with or without use of bone cement.
1.3 This specification is intended to provide basic descriptions of material and prosthesis geometry. In addition, those characteristics determined to be important to the in vivo performance of the prosthesis are defined. However, compliance with this specification does not itself mean that a device will provide satisfactory clinical performance.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Technical specification9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The significance of the information to be recorded in a test report allows for exoskeleton safety and performance to be contextualized with the exoskeleton configuration. Exoskeleton tests can also be replicated across similar or different exoskeletons by using this practice to record the exoskeleton test configuration in a standardized way.
5.2 Limitations of the practice are that not all exoskeletons have the same capabilities or configuration parameters. For example, for capabilities, an exoskeleton that moves the legs with electromyography during rehabilitation may behave differently in repeated use over time or within different gait courses (for example, straight or curved). For configuration, an exoskeleton that moves the legs with electromyography during rehabilitation may have varying signal gain/amplification settings.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a means to record the exoskeleton configuration when testing. This practice provides a method for recording exoskeleton hardware and software control parameters.
1.2 This practice: contextualizes the exoskeleton configuration during a test, including the identification and adjustment of main configuration parameters and the addition of other equipment (for example, cameras, markers) used during tests; provides a basis for comparison of the test circumstances across different exoskeletons or tests, or both (for example, varying power or spring settings, prior exoskeleton use, maximum control settings); and allows a test to be recreated.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are not precise mathematical conversions to imperial units. They are close approximate equivalents for the purpose of specifying exoskeleton characteristics while maintaining repeatability and reproducibility of the test method results. These values given in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The significance of the information to be recorded in a test report allows for exoskeleton safety and performance to be contextualized with the exoskeleton fit to the user. Exoskeleton tests can also be replicated across similar or different exoskeletons by using this practice to record the exoskeleton fit to the user for a test in a standardized way.
5.2 Limitations of the practice are that not all exoskeletons have the same connections to the body and fit to all users, and therefore, fit to the user may change the exoskeleton capabilities. For example, as users vary in size, shape, gender, etc., an exoskeleton that is fit to one user may allow an increase or decrease in torque applied to the arms, legs, etc. as compared to another user, especially users at the upper and lower limits of manufacturer-suggested exoskeleton sizing. Another example is that an exoskeleton that is not fit properly to a user may be uncomfortable, and as a result the user may not perform tasks as long, as fast, as strong/delicately, or many other possible outcomes.
5.3 It is expected that all exoskeleton tests require the exoskeleton to be fit properly to the user according to manufacturer specifications. However, as testing exoskeletons can vary, so can fit to the user, and variations in fit may also be tested. For example, a test may be performed with the exoskeleton not fit properly to the users’ legs (for example, longer fit on shorter legs) to evaluate performance changes when the task requires the user to stand on their toes. Should exoskeleton tests be performed with the exoskeleton not fit properly to the user, the test requestor should verify with the manufacturer that the exoskeleton will not harm the user as a result of a bad fit, and provide this information to the test administrator to record on the test report.
5.4 Additional fit and measurement information may be found in Terminology D5219, Practice E3003, and Practice F1731.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a means to record the exoskeleton fit to the user when testing. The practice provides a method for recording exoskeleton: alignment to the user, component distances from the body, sizing, and subjective comfort using a standard recording method.
1.2 This practice is intended to be used with other exoskeleton test methods and practices to provide a clear representation of the exoskeleton fit to the user measured along body planes; provides a basis for comparison of the test circumstances across different exoskeletons or tests, or both; and allows a test to be recreated.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are not precise mathematical conversions to imperial units. They are close approximate equivalents for the purpose of specifying exoskeleton characteristics while maintaining repeatability and reproducibility of the test method results. These values given in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Exoskeletons are being used in the industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, and recreational sectors to enhance safety and effectiveness of the user to perform tasks. Traversing gaps is a component of many tasks that someone would do with an exoskeleton. For example, an exoskeleton may be used to help a worker in building construction where gaps in ground surfaces are prevalent. In the military, and other similar environments, soldiers using exoskeletons may traverse gaps along paths carrying loads. Fig. 1 shows examples of gaps typically found in various environments in which persons using exoskeletons may be required to step over gaps. The testing results of exoskeletons shall describe, in a statistically significant way, how reliably the exoskeleton is able to support tasks within the specified types of environments, confinements, and terrains, and thus provide sufficiently high levels of confidence to determine the applicability of the exoskeleton to a given task.
5.2 This test method addresses exoskeleton safety and performance requirements expressed by manufacturing, medical, emergency responders, military, or other organizations requesting this test. The safety and performance data captured within this test method are indicative of the test exoskeleton’s and the exoskeleton user’s capabilities. The safety and performance data from these tests are essential to guiding the procurement and deployment decisions of exoskeleton purchasers and users.
5.3 The standard test setup and apparatus (see Section 6) is specified to be easily fabricated. This facilitates evaluation and replication of gap tests by exoskeleton sectors. The standard test setup and apparatus can also be used to support training (see Practice F3444/F3444M) and to establish proficiency of exoskeleton users, as well as provide manufacturers with information about the usefulness of their exoskeleton(s) for tasks.
5.4 Although the test method was developed for the sectors lis...
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1.1 Purpose:
1.1.1 The purpose of this test method, as a part of a suite of exoskeleton use test methods, is to quantitatively evaluate an exoskeleton’s (see Terminology F3323) performance or safety, or both, of usage by the exoskeleton user (see 1.4) for gaps.
1.1.2 Exoskeletons shall possess a certain set of allowable exoskeleton user movement capabilities, including user-motion adaptability, to suit operations such as: industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, or recreational. Environments in these typical sectors often pose constraints to exoskeleton user movement to various degrees. Being able to step over gaps, as intended by the user or test requestor, while using an exoskeleton is essential for exoskeleton deployment for a variety of tasks. This test method specifies test setup, procedure, and recording to standardize this gaps task for testing exoskeleton user movement.
1.1.3 Exoskeletons need to function as intended, regardless of types of tasks and terrain complexities (for example, carpet, metal, masonry, rock, wood). Required movement capabilities may include, for example: walking, running, crawling, climbing; traversing gaps, stairs, slopes, various types of floor surfaces or terrains, or confined spaces, or combinations thereof. Standard test methods are required to evaluate whether or not exoskeletons meet these requirements.
1.1.4 ASTM Subcommittee F48.03 develops and maintains international standards for task performance and environmental considerations that include but are not limited to, standards for safety, quality, and efficiency. This subcommittee aims to develop standards for any exoskeleton application as exemplified as in 1.1.2. The F48.03 test suite consists of a set of test methods for evaluating exoskeleton capability requirements. This gaps test method is a part of the test suite. The setup, procedure, and apparatuses associated with the test methods challenge speci...
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Hurdle designs can vary greatly in, for example: hurdle geometry, surface coatings, and coverings for a variety of industries. Fig. 1 shows examples of various hurdles.
5.2 Exoskeletons are being used in the industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, and recreational sectors to enhance safety and effectiveness of the user to perform tasks. Hurdles are used in many tasks performed and may include, for example, upper, lower, or full body movement in order to complete the task. For example, an exoskeleton may be used to help rehabilitate a patient who suffered a traumatic injury. And in manufacturing, warehousing, and other occupations, and other similar environments, workers in exoskeletons may traverse hurdles (for example, obstacles) in the walkways while carrying or not carrying loads, indoors or outdoors, as part of their daily activities. The testing results of exoskeletons shall describe, in a statistically significant way, how reliably the exoskeleton is able to support tasks within the specified types of environments, confinements, and terrains, and thus provide sufficiently high levels of confidence to determine the applicability of the exoskeleton.
5.3 This test method addresses exoskeleton safety and performance requirements expressed by manufacturing, emergency responders, military, or other organizations requesting this test. The safety and performance data captured within this test method are indicative of the test exoskeleton’s and the exoskeleton user’s capabilities. Having available direct information from tested exoskeleton(s) with associated performance data to guide procurement and deployment decisions is essential to exoskeleton purchasers and users.
5.4 The testing results of the candidate exoskeleton(s) shall describe, in a statistically significant way, how reliably the exoskeleton user is able to negotiate hurdles. The test apparatus described in Section 6 is intended to be a single or set of hurdles where repeatable re...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose:
1.1.1 The purpose of this test method, as a part of a suite of exoskeleton use test methods, is to quantitatively evaluate an exoskeleton’s (see Terminology F3323) safety (see 1.4) or performance, or both, for traversing hurdles.
1.1.2 Exoskeletons possess a certain set of allowable exoskeleton user movement capabilities, including user-motion adaptability, to suit operations such as: industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, or recreational. Environments in these typical sectors often pose constraints to exoskeleton user movement to various degrees. Being able to traverse hurdles, as intended by the user or test requestor, while using an exoskeleton is essential for exoskeleton deployment for a variety of tasks (for example, traversing logs, objects). This test method specifies test setup, procedure, and recording to standardize this hurdles task for testing exoskeleton user movement.
1.1.3 Exoskeletons need to function as intended, regardless of types of tasks and terrain complexities (for example, carpet, metal, masonry, rock, wood). Required movement capabilities may include, for example: walking, running, crawling, climbing, traversing gaps, hurdles, stairs, slopes, various types of floor surfaces or terrains, or confined spaces, or any combination thereof. Standard test methods are required to evaluate whether or not exoskeletons meet these requirements.
1.1.4 ASTM Subcommittee F48.03 develops and maintains international standards for task performance and environmental considerations that include but are not limited to, standards for safety, quality, and efficiency. This subcommittee aims to develop standards for any exoskeleton application as exemplified as in 1.1.2. The F48.03 test suite consists of a set of test methods for evaluating exoskeleton capability requirements. This hurdles test method is a part of the test suite. The setup, procedure, and apparatuses associated wi...
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Obstacles can vary greatly in, for example: length, width, height, quantity, geometry, and for a variety of industries. Fig. 2 shows examples of various obstacles.
FIG. 2 Example Obstacles in: (a) Road Construction; (b) Warehouse; (c) Manufacturing: Floor; (d) Manufacturing: Overhead; (e) Military Obstacle Course
5.2 Exoskeletons are being used in the industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, and recreational sectors to enhance safety and effectiveness of the user to perform tasks. Many tasks involve avoiding obstacles, and may include for example, upper, lower, or full body movement in order to complete the task. As there are infinite obstacles and ways that obstacle courses can be designed, this test method addresses obstacle avoidance while walking through a standard set of obstacles. Dependent upon the task, it may require people to traverse various environmental conditions (for example, ground) and avoid obstacles while wearing an exoskeleton. For example, an exoskeleton may be used to help during construction or in medical facilities where workers in exoskeletons avoid obstacles with and without carrying loads as part of their daily activities. In military, manufacturing, and response areas, exoskeleton users may for example, step over or under, side-step between, or walk around obstacles, or combinations thereof, to perform the task at hand. Variations to obstacle avoidance may include, for example, increased user speed/momentum, load handling, and distractions that may change user performance when avoiding obstacles. The testing results of exoskeletons shall describe, in a statistically significant way (see guidance in Appendix X1), how reliably the exoskeleton is able to support tasks within the specified types of environments, confinements, and terrains, and thus provide sufficiently high levels of confidence to determine the applicability of the exoskeleton.
5.3 This test method addresses exoskeleton safety and performance require...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose:
1.1.1 The purpose of this test method, as a part of a suite of exoskeleton use test methods, is to quantitatively evaluate an exoskeleton’s (see Terminology F3323) safety (see 1.4) or performance, or both, when avoiding obstacles.
1.1.2 Exoskeletons shall possess a certain set of allowable exoskeleton user movement capabilities, including user-motion adaptability, to suit operations such as: industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, or recreational.
1.1.3 Environments in these typical sectors often pose constraints to exoskeleton user movement to various degrees. Being able to avoid obstacles while walking, as intended by the user or test requestor, while using an exoskeleton is essential for exoskeleton deployment for a variety of tasks (for example, ascending/descending stairs, crossing gaps and hurdles, balancing on a beam). This test method specifies test setup, procedure, and recording to standardize this obstacle avoidance task for testing exoskeleton user movement.
1.1.4 Exoskeletons need to function as intended, regardless of types of tasks and terrain complexities (for example, carpet, metal, masonry, rock, wood). Required movement capabilities may include, for example: walking, running, crawling, climbing; traversing gaps, hurdles, stairs, slopes; avoiding obstacles, on various types of floor surfaces or terrains, or within confined spaces, or combinations thereof. Standard test methods are required to evaluate whether or not exoskeletons meet these requirements while also allowing test repeatability.
1.1.5 ASTM Subcommittee F48.03 develops and maintains international standards for task performance and environmental considerations that include but are not limited to, standards for safety, quality, and efficiency. This subcommittee aims to develop standards for any exoskeleton application as exemplified as in 1.1.2. The F48.03 test suite consists of a set of test methods ...
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The significance of the information to be recorded in a test report allows for exoskeleton safety and performance to be contextualized with the exoskeleton user. Exoskeleton test results can be compared across users to determine exoskeleton usefulness, exoskeleton capability for particular users or groups of users, and standardized reporting of user information allows organizations to better replicate tests.
5.2 Limitations of the practice are that not all exoskeletons can or have the same fit to all users and therefore may change the exoskeleton capabilities. For example, as users vary in size, shape, gender, etc., an exoskeleton that fits one user may allow an increase or decrease in torque applied to the arms, legs, etc. as compared to another user, especially users at the upper and lower limits of manufacturer-suggested exoskeleton sizing. Another example is that prior surgeries or pain may affect measured exoskeleton performance as the user may, for example, favor use of one limb to another or may move different when tested with the exoskeleton versus without the exoskeleton.
5.3 Additional user measurement information may be found in the following references:
Note 1: The measurements in these references may not consider measurements of the user when dressed in appropriate clothing (for example, shoes – see 6.3.12 – 6.3.14) that will be worn when using an exoskeleton.
5.3.1 2012 Anthropometric Survey (ANSUR II6) of U.S. Army Personnel: Methods and Summary Statistics,
5.3.2 United States Air Force Research Laboratory Civilian American and European Surface Anthropometry Resource (CAESAR7) Final Report,
5.3.3 Tables D6240/D6240M,
5.3.4 Tables D8077/D8077M,
5.3.5 Tables D7878/D7878M,
5.3.6 Tables D6960/D6960M,
5.3.7 Terminology D5219,
5.3.8 Tables D8241/D8241M,
5.3.9 Practice E3003,
5.3.10 Practice F1731, and
5.3.11 ISO 7250-1.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a means to record the exoskeleton user information when testing. The practice provides a method for recording exoskeleton user: general information, measurements, activity level, experience with exoskeletons, prior injuries, and other pertinent information that may impact exoskeleton testing.
1.2 This practice is intended to be used with other exoskeleton test methods and practices to provide a clear representation of the exoskeleton user being tested; provides a basis for comparison of the test circumstances across different exoskeletons, users, tests, or all three; and allows a test to be recreated.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are not precise mathematical conversions to imperial units. They are close approximate equivalents for the purpose of specifying exoskeleton characteristics while maintaining repeatability and reproducibility of the test method results. These values given in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Beams and beams with platforms can vary greatly in, for example: length, width, height, quantity, geometry, surface coatings, and for a variety of industries. Fig. 2 shows examples of various beams and beams with platforms.
FIG. 2 Example Beams: (a) Steel Construction Beams; (b) Steel Construction Beam to a Platform; (c) Log Construction Beam; (d) Playground Log Beam; (e) Log Beam across Water; and (f) Balance Beam used for Gymnastics
5.2 Exoskeletons are being used in the industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, and recreational sectors to enhance safety and effectiveness of the user to perform tasks. Traversing beams are used in many tasks performed and may include, for example, upper, lower, or full body movement in order to complete the task. Dependent upon the task, it may require people to traverse various ground and beam surfaces while wearing an exoskeleton. For example, an exoskeleton may be used to help during construction tasks where workers in exoskeletons traverse beams or beams and platforms with and without carrying loads, indoors or outdoors, as part of their daily activities. The testing results of exoskeletons shall describe, in a statistically significant way (see guidance in Appendix X1), how reliably the exoskeleton is able to support tasks within the specified types of environments, confinements, and terrains, and thus provide sufficiently high levels of confidence to determine the applicability of the exoskeleton.
5.3 This test method addresses exoskeleton safety and performance requirements expressed by manufacturing, emergency responders, military, or other organizations requesting this test. The safety and performance data captured within this test method are indicative of the test exoskeleton’s and the exoskeleton user’s capabilities. Having available direct information from tested exoskeleton(s) with associated performance data to guide procurement and deployment decisions is essential to exoskeleton purchasers an...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose:
1.1.1 The purpose of this test method, as a part of a suite of exoskeleton use test methods, is to quantitatively evaluate an exoskeleton’s (see Terminology F3323) safety (see 1.4) or performance, or both, when traversing beams.
1.1.2 Exoskeletons shall possess a certain set of allowable exoskeleton user movement capabilities, including user-motion adaptability, to suit operations such as: industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, or recreational.
1.1.3 Environments in these typical sectors often pose constraints to exoskeleton user movement to various degrees. Being able to traverse beams, as intended by the user or test requestor, while using an exoskeleton, is essential for exoskeleton deployment for a variety of tasks (for example, ascending/descending stairs, ramps, hills). This test method specifies test setup, procedure, and recording to standardize this beams task for testing exoskeleton user movement.
1.1.4 Exoskeletons need to function as intended, regardless of types of tasks and terrain complexities (for example, carpet, metal, masonry, rock, wood). Required movement capabilities may include, for example: walking, running, crawling, climbing, traversing gaps, hurdles, stairs, beams, slopes, various types of floor surfaces or terrains, or confined spaces, or combinations thereof. Standard test methods are required to evaluate whether or not exoskeletons meet these requirements.
1.1.5 ASTM Subcommittee F48.03 develops and maintains international standards for task performance and environmental considerations that include but are not limited to, standards for safety, quality, and efficiency. This subcommittee aims to develop standards for any exoskeleton application as exemplified as in 1.1.2. The F48.03 test suite consists of a set of test methods for evaluating exoskeleton capability requirements. This beams test method is a part of the test suite. The setup, procedure,...
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and test methods for manual wheelchairs intended to carry one person of mass not less than 25 kg and not greater than 250 kg, including
- stand-up manual wheelchairs, and
- manual wheelchairs whose intended use includes showering and/or toileting.
This document does not apply to custom-made manual wheelchairs, manual wheelchairs intended for use in sports, or manual wheelchairs intended only for showering and/or toileting.
This document also specifies requirements and test methods for manual wheelchairs with electrically powered ancillary equipment.
- Standard53 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and test methods for electrically powered wheelchairs, with a maximum speed not exceeding 20 km/h, intended to carry one person of mass not less than 25 kg and not greater than 300 kg, including
- electrically powered scooters with three or more wheels,
- manual wheelchairs with an add-on electrically powered drive system,
- handrim-activated power-assisted wheelchairs,
- electrically powered stand-up wheelchairs,
- wheelchairs with a pivot drive wheel unit, and
- push-assist wheelchairs.
This document does not apply to balancing wheelchairs, custom-made electrically powered wheelchairs or electrically powered wheelchairs intended for use in sports.
This document also specifies requirements and test methods for manual wheelchairs with electrically powered ancillary equipment.
- Standard76 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for static, impact, and repetitive load strengths for postural support devices (PSDs) with associated attachment hardware intended for use with an undefined wheelchair seating system. It specifies the test methods for determining whether the minimum performance requirements have been met to release a product into use. It also specifies requirements for disclosure of the test results. Not all tests apply to all PSDs. This document is also applicable to other seating systems. The test methods can be used to verify the manufacturer’s claims that a product meets the requirements of this document. This document does not apply to PSDs that are designed to fail under certain static, dynamic, or repetitive loads. This document does not apply to the strength of PSDs under crash conditions in a motor vehicle. This document does not evaluate long-term useful life. NOTE 1 ISO 16840‑4 provides crash test methods and requirements for wheelchair seating systems when used as part of a wheelchair seat in a motor vehicle. NOTE 2 For user masses greater or less than those specified in this document, appropriate extrapolation of test apparatus dimensions, mounting point separation, forces, etc. can be carried out, and the test parameters noted in the test report. NOTE 3 Rigid surrogate test fixtures are utilized to provide a standardized test method, and consequently this document does not involve a test of a PSD on a particular wheelchair.
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This document specifies requirements and test methods for lead-acid batteries and their chargers intended for use with electrically-powered wheelchairs and scooters. Requirements for chargers are applicable to those with a rated input voltage not greater than 250 V AC and a nominal output voltage not greater than 36 V.
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1.1 This document deals with safety requirements for construction, manufacturing, installation, maintenance and dismantling of electrically operated stairlifts (chair, standing platform and wheelchair platform) affixed to a building structure, moving in an inclined plane and intended for use by persons with impaired mobility:
- travelling over a stair or an accessible inclined surface;
- intended for use by one person;
- whose carriage is directly retained and guided by a guide rail or rails;
- supported or sustained by rope (5.4.4), rack and pinion (5.4.5), chain (5.4.6), friction traction drive (5.4.7), and guided rope and ball (5.4.8).
1.2 This document identifies hazards as listed in Clause 4 which arise during the various phases in the life of such equipment and describes methods for the elimination or reduction of these hazards when used as intended by the manufacturer.
1.3 This document does not specify the additional requirements for:
- operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme climates, strong magnetic fields);
- operation subject to special rules (e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres);
- handling of materials, the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations;
- use of energy systems other than electricity;
- hazards occurring during manufacture;
- earthquakes, flooding, fire;
- evacuation during a fire;
- stairlifts for goods only;
- concrete, hardcore, timber or other foundation or building arrangement;
- design of anchorage bolts to the supporting structure.
NOTE For the actual type of machinery, noise is not considered a significant nor relevant hazard.
1.4 This document is not applicable to power operated stairlifts which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
- Standard81 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and test methods for manual wheelchairs intended to carry one person of mass not less than 25 kg and not greater than 250 kg, including
- stand-up manual wheelchairs, and
- manual wheelchairs whose intended use includes showering and/or toileting.
This document does not apply to custom-made manual wheelchairs, manual wheelchairs intended for use in sports, or manual wheelchairs intended only for showering and/or toileting.
This document also specifies requirements and test methods for manual wheelchairs with electrically powered ancillary equipment.
- Standard53 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and test methods for electrically powered wheelchairs, with a maximum speed not exceeding 20 km/h, intended to carry one person of mass not less than 25 kg and not greater than 300 kg, including
- electrically powered scooters with three or more wheels,
- manual wheelchairs with an add-on electrically powered drive system,
- handrim-activated power-assisted wheelchairs,
- electrically powered stand-up wheelchairs,
- wheelchairs with a pivot drive wheel unit, and
- push-assist wheelchairs.
This document does not apply to balancing wheelchairs, custom-made electrically powered wheelchairs or electrically powered wheelchairs intended for use in sports.
This document also specifies requirements and test methods for manual wheelchairs with electrically powered ancillary equipment.
- Standard76 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There is strong evidence that exoskeletons can physically augment and assist users. They are typically designed and optimized with specific tasks in mind and initially tested in controlled lab or field settings. However, in the real world exoskeletons encounter less structured environments and situations (for example, hospital rooms, factory floors, construction sites, or even personal homes). In order to accelerate the adoption of exoskeletons in society, understanding their safety in the presence of perturbations is helpful. The testing results of the exoskeleton shall describe the extent to which the exoskeleton improves, inhibits, or maintains a user’s ability to recover from stumbles, thus providing exoskeleton wearers and prescribers (for example, patients, clinicians, industry leaders, factory workers) with additional information about device performance and expectations.
5.2 The standard test apparatus and setup (see Section 6) is specified to be easily fabricated and implemented in gait or motion analysis laboratories. Variants of the apparatus, control algorithm, and test setup are acceptable to allow implementation in various lab settings with ranging experimental capabilities. The standard test setup and apparatus can also be used to support training and establish proficiency of exoskeleton users, as well as provide manufacturers with information about the performance of their exoskeleton(s) for tasks.
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose:
1.1.1 The purpose of this test method is to evaluate the extent to which an exoskeleton (see Section 3) improves, inhibits, or maintains (that is, does not affect) a user’s ability to recover from a stumble perturbation.
1.1.2 Exoskeletons are designed to assist specific tasks and initially tested in controlled lab or controlled field settings. However, in the real world exoskeletons encounter less structured environments and situations (for example, hospital rooms, factory floors, construction sites). Even without exoskeletons people will stumble (that is, trip) or scuff their foot. It would be helpful to understand how wearing an exoskeleton affects a person’s ability to recover from a stumble perturbation. Is one’s ability to recover hampered, enhanced, or unaltered when using an exoskeleton? This test method specifies test setup, procedure, and recording to standardize testing exoskeleton user stumble recovery.
1.2 Performing Location—This test method shall be performed in a testing laboratory where the specified apparatus and environmental conditions are available and implemented.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are not precise mathematical conversions to inch-pound units. They are close approximate equivalents for the purpose of specifying material dimensions or quantities that are readily available to avoid excessive fabrication costs of test apparatuses while maintaining repeatability and reproducibility of the test method results. These values given in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies requirements and test methods for hoists and body-support units intended for the transfer of persons with disabilities. The document applies to the following products classified in ISO 9999:—[1].
— 12 36 03 Mobile hoists for transferring a person in sitting position with sling seats;
— 12 36 04 Mobile hoists for transferring a person in standing position;
— 12 36 06 Mobile hoists for transferring a person in sitting position with solid seats;
— 12 36 09 Mobile hoists for transferring a person in lying position;
— 12 36 12 Stationary hoists fixed to walls, floor or ceiling;
— 12 36 15 Stationary hoists fixed to, or mounted in or on, another product;
— 12 36 18 Stationary free-standing hoists;
— 12 36 21 Body-support units for hoists.
This document covers different types of mobile and stationary hoists. Some of the requirements and test methods are general and others are only valid for specific product types.
Annexes A, B and C provide general recommendations.
This document does not apply to devices that transport persons between two levels (floors) of a building.
It does not include methods for the determination of ageing or corrosion of such hoists and units.
It does not include methods to qualify individual units prior to use.
The requirements of this document are formulated with regard to the needs of both the persons being hoisted and the attendant using the hoist.
[1] Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/FDIS 9999:2021.
- Standard86 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the dissipation characteristics of simulated sensible perspiration exposure on seat cushions of a wheelchair under test conditions that simulate body loading on support surfaces with flat and contoured profiles. The test method is applicable to a wide variety of seat cushion materials and constructions that are used across the world. The test method is intended to determine how the cushion handles a liquid load. It is not intended to determine how the cushion responds to a continuous release of liquid or vapour. This document also specifies apparatus to measure dissipation characteristics (of perspiration) of seat cushions and the approach to be employed in measuring these characteristics. This document is applicable to seat cushions for wheelchairs that include a cushion cover. NOTE The significance of the dissipation characteristics of the seat cushion can be greatly affected by the clothing worn, for example a moisture wicking cover might not help the skin condition of the patient sitting in a wet adult diaper.
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This document specifies strength requirements and test methods for wheelchair castor assemblies. The test methods include corrosion, abrasion and fatigue conditions. This document also specifies requirements for disclosure of test results. It is applicable to castor assemblies of or developed for use in occupant and to assistant-propelled manual wheelchairs and electrically powered wheelchairs. The test requirements are also applicable to wheelchair castor assemblies not necessarily associated or supplied with a wheelchair. Castor assemblies including those with anti-tip castor wheels that do not touch the ground during wheelchair travel are outside the scope of this document.
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1.1 This draft European Standard deals with safety requirements for construction, manufacturing, installation, maintenance and dismantling of electrically powered vertical lifting platforms affixed to a building structure intended for use by persons with impaired mobility:
- travelling vertically between predefined levels along a guided path whose inclination to the vertical does not exceed 15°;
- intended for use by persons with or without a wheelchair;
- supported or sustained by rack and pinion, rope traction drive, noncircular elastomeric-coated steel suspension members (hereafter called flat belt) traction drive, rope positive drive, chains, toothed belts, screw and nut, guided chain, scissors mechanism or hydraulic jack (direct or indirect);
- with enclosed liftways;
- with a speed not greater than 0,15 m/s;
- with platforms where the carrier is not completely enclosed.
1.2 This draft European Standard deals with all significant hazards relevant to lifting platforms, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
1.3 This draft European Standard does not specify the additional requirements for:
- operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme climates, strong magnetic fields);
- lightning protection;
- operation subject to special rules (e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres);
- handling of materials, the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations;
- vertical lifting platforms whose primary function is the transportation of goods;
- vertical lifting platforms whose carriers are completely enclosed;
- vertical lifting platforms prone to vandalism;
- hazards occurring during manufacture;
- earthquakes, flooding;
- firefighting, evacuation and behaviour during a fire;
- noise and vibrations;
- the design of concrete, hard core, timber or other foundation or building arrangement;
- the design of anchorage bolts to the supporting structure;
- type C wheelchairs as defined in EN 12183 and/or EN 12184.
NOTE For the actual type of machinery, noise is not considered a significant nor relevant hazard.
1.4 This draft European Standard is not applicable to Vertical Lifting Platforms intended for use by persons with impaired mobility which are manufactured before the date of its publication as an EN.
- Standard111 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies test methods, requirements and recommendations for wheelchairs intended for use as seats in motor vehicles related to design, performance, labelling, presale literature, user instructions and user warnings. This document is applicable to all manual and powered wheelchairs, including scooters, which, in addition to their primary function as wheeled mobility devices, are also likely to be used as forward-facing seats in motor vehicles by children and adults with a body mass equal to or greater than 12 kg. This document is applicable to complete wheelchairs, including a frame or powerbase and seating system. It is also applicable to wheelchairs equipped with additional components designed to facilitate conformity with one or more of the requirements of this document.
- Standard91 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard94 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and associated test methods for the power, and control systems of electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters. It sets safety and performance requirements that apply during normal use and some conditions of abuse and failure. It also specifies methods of measurement of the forces necessary to operate controls and sets limits on the forces needed for some operations. This document is applicable to electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters with a maximum speed no greater than 15 km/h intended to provide indoor and/or outdoor mobility for one disabled person whose mass lies in the range specified in ISO 7176-11.
- Standard65 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard69 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and test methods of rollators being used as assistive products for walking with wheels, manipulated by both arms, without accessories, unless specified in the particular test procedure. This document also gives requirements relating to safety, ergonomics, performance and information supplied by the manufacturer including marking and labelling.
The requirements and tests are based on every-day use of rollators as assistive products for walking for a maximum user mass as specified by the manufacturer. This document includes rollators specified for a user mass of no less than 35 kg.
This document is not applicable to rollators with horizontal forearm supports, classified as walking tables, for which ISO 11199-3 is applicable.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and test methods for walking frames used as assistive products for walking, manipulated by both arms, without accessories, unless specified in the particular test procedure. This document also gives requirements relating to safety, ergonomics, performance and information supplied by the manufacturer, including marking and labelling.
The requirements and tests are based on everyday use of walking frames as assistive products for walking for a maximum user mass as specified by the manufacturer. This document includes walking frames specified for a user mass of no less than 35 kg.
- Standard38 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and test methods for hoists and body-support units intended for the transfer of persons with disabilities. The document applies to the following products classified in ISO 9999:—[1].
— 12 36 03 Mobile hoists for transferring a person in sitting position with sling seats;
— 12 36 04 Mobile hoists for transferring a person in standing position;
— 12 36 06 Mobile hoists for transferring a person in sitting position with solid seats;
— 12 36 09 Mobile hoists for transferring a person in lying position;
— 12 36 12 Stationary hoists fixed to walls, floor or ceiling;
— 12 36 15 Stationary hoists fixed to, or mounted in or on, another product;
— 12 36 18 Stationary free-standing hoists;
— 12 36 21 Body-support units for hoists.
This document covers different types of mobile and stationary hoists. Some of the requirements and test methods are general and others are only valid for specific product types.
Annexes A, B and C provide general recommendations.
This document does not apply to devices that transport persons between two levels (floors) of a building.
It does not include methods for the determination of ageing or corrosion of such hoists and units.
It does not include methods to qualify individual units prior to use.
The requirements of this document are formulated with regard to the needs of both the persons being hoisted and the attendant using the hoist.
[1] Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/FDIS 9999:2021.
- Standard86 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies apparatus, test methods, and disclosure requirements for characterization of wheelchair seat cushion immersion and envelopment properties using indenters instrumented with pressure sensors. This document expands the characterization of products intended to manage tissue integrity (ISO 16840‑2) and provides a standardized indenter for other wheelchair seating tests. It does not provide information specific to cushion performance for a particular individual user, nor is it intended to characterize envelopment or immersion under higher loading conditions, nor to assess the weight capacity of a cushion. This document includes a method that is specific to 220 mm and 255 mm indenters. Dimensions are provided for a 380 mm indenter to allow for extension of the method to larger patient simulation.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and test methods for hoists and body-support units intended for the transfer of persons with disabilities. The document applies to the following products classified in ISO 9999:-[1]. - 12 36 03 Mobile hoists for transferring a person in sitting position with sling seats; - 12 36 04 Mobile hoists for transferring a person in standing position; - 12 36 06 Mobile hoists for transferring a person in sitting position with solid seats; - 12 36 09 Mobile hoists for transferring a person in lying position; - 12 36 12 Stationary hoists fixed to walls, floor or ceiling; - 12 36 15 Stationary hoists fixed to, or mounted in or on, another product; - 12 36 18 Stationary free-standing hoists; - 12 36 21 Body-support units for hoists. This document covers different types of mobile and stationary hoists. Some of the requirements and test methods are general and others are only valid for specific product types. Annexes A, B and C provide general recommendations. This document does not apply to devices that transport persons between two levels (floors) of a building. It does not include methods for the determination of ageing or corrosion of such hoists and units. It does not include methods to qualify individual units prior to use. The requirements of this document are formulated with regard to the needs of both the persons being hoisted and the attendant using the hoist. [1] Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/FDIS 9999:2021.
- Standard75 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard75 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard82 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard83 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and test methods of rollators being used as assistive products for walking with wheels, manipulated by both arms, without accessories, unless specified in the particular test procedure. This document also gives requirements relating to safety, ergonomics, performance and information supplied by the manufacturer including marking and labelling.
The requirements and tests are based on every-day use of rollators as assistive products for walking for a maximum user mass as specified by the manufacturer. This document includes rollators specified for a user mass of no less than 35 kg.
This document is not applicable to rollators with horizontal forearm supports, classified as walking tables, for which ISO 11199-3 is applicable.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements and test methods of rollators being used as assistive products for walking with wheels, manipulated by both arms, without accessories, unless specified in the particular test procedure. This document also gives requirements relating to safety, ergonomics, performance and information supplied by the manufacturer including marking and labelling. The requirements and tests are based on every-day use of rollators as assistive products for walking for a maximum user mass as specified by the manufacturer. This document includes rollators specified for a user mass of no less than 35 kg. This document is not applicable to rollators with horizontal forearm supports, classified as walking tables, for which ISO 11199-3 is applicable.
- Standard32 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard33 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and test methods for walking frames used as assistive products for walking, manipulated by both arms, without accessories, unless specified in the particular test procedure. This document also gives requirements relating to safety, ergonomics, performance and information supplied by the manufacturer, including marking and labelling.
The requirements and tests are based on everyday use of walking frames as assistive products for walking for a maximum user mass as specified by the manufacturer. This document includes walking frames specified for a user mass of no less than 35 kg.
- Standard38 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides a set of recommended quantitative measures which can be used to assess the task or human readiness, or both, of exoskeletons. All of the quantitative measures are used in ergonomic research to assist in objectively concluding the efficacy of an assessed metric.
4.2 Not every element of this guide may be applicable to all exoskeleton components or configurations. Nor are all the quantitative measures herein exhaustive. Selection of quantitative measures should be done based on the uncertainties surrounding the end use application of the exoskeleton. It is the manufacturer’s responsibility to determine which portions of this guide, and the corresponding measures, are applicable to their exoskeletons.
4.3 The ability to reproduce analysis between exoskeleton usage vs. non-exoskeleton usage is critical criteria in using a quantitative measures approach. A control method for reproducibility in a quantitative measures approach is a repeated measures design. A repeated measures design involves multiple measures of the same variable taken on the same end user, either under different conditions or over two or more time periods. The salient aspect of a repeated measures design is using the end user as the control.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides quantitative measures for assessing one or more specific ergonomic parameters with respect to exoskeletons. Furthermore, this guide should be used in conjunction with Practice F3474, Guide F3519, and Standard Guide for The Application of Ergonomics to Prevent Injury During Exoskeleton Use2.
1.2 This guide provides quantitative measures for the design, use, and construction of exoskeletons within the domains of industry, military, medical, first responders, and recreational.
1.2.1 Quantitative measures are a type of data that can be put into a numerical value. This type of measure allows statistical analysis to be performed on the data to yield an objective result.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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