IEC TR 63017:2015

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-1999
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Hydraulic turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines - Tendering Documents - Part 6:
Guidelines for technical specifications for pump-turbines
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: IEC/TR 61366-6
ICS:
27.140 Vodna energija Hydraulic energy engineering
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL IEC
REPORT – TYPE 3
61366-6
First edition
1998-03
Hydraulic turbines, storage pumps
and pump-turbines –
Tendering Documents –
Part 6:
Guidelines for technical specifications
for pump-turbines
Turbines hydrauliques, pompes d’accumulation
et pompes-turbines –
Documents d’appel d’offres –
Partie 6:
Guide des spécifications techniques pour les pompes-turbines
 IEC 1998  Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
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Telefax: +41 22 919 0300 e-mail: inmail@iec.ch IEC web site http: //www.iec.ch
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
PRICE CODE
V
International Electrotechnical Commission
For price, see current catalogue

– 2 – 61366-6 © IEC:1998(E)
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD . 4
Clause
0 Introduction to technical specifications . 7
1 Scope. 9
2 Reference documents . 9
3 Technical requirements. 9
3.1 Scope of work. 9
3.2 Limits of the contract . 10
3.3 Supply by Employer . 11
3.4 Design conditions . 11
3.5 Technical performance and other guarantees. 15
3.6 Mechanical design criteria . 18
3.7 Design documentation . 19
3.8 Materials and construction . 20
3.9 Shop inspection and testing . 21
4 Technical specifications for fixed/embedded components. 22
4.1 Spiral case . 23
4.2 Stay ring . 23
4.3 Foundation ring . 24
4.4 Draft tube and draft tube liner . 24
4.5 Pit liner. 24
5 Technical specifications for stationary/removable components . 25
5.1 Headcover and bottom ring . 25
5.2 Guide vanes . 26
6 Technical specifications for guide vane regulating apparatus. 26
6.1 Servomotors . 26
6.2 Connecting rods . 26
6.3 Regulating ring . 27
6.4 Guide vane linkage . 27
6.5 Guide vane overload protection. 27
6.6 Locking devices. 27
6.7 Synchronizing device (optional). 27
7 Technical specifications for rotating parts, bearings and seals. 27
7.1 Runner . 27
7.2 Main shaft . 28
7.3 Pump-turbine guide bearing . 28
7.4 Main shaft seal . 29
7.5 Standstill (maintenance) seal . 29

61366-6 © IEC:1998(E) – 3 –
8 Technical specifications for thrust bearing. 29
8.1 Design data . 29
8.2 Bearing support . 29
8.3 Bearing assembly . 29
8.4 Oil injection pressure lift system. 30
9 Technical specifications for miscellaneous components . 30
9.1 Walkways, access platforms and stairs . 30
9.2 Lifting fixtures. 30
9.3 Special tools. 30
9.4 Standard tools . 31
9.5 Pump-turbine pit hoist. 31
9.6 Nameplate. 31
10 Technical specifications for auxiliary systems. 31
10.1 Bearing lubrication system . 31
10.2 Runner pressure balancing and pressure relief limes . 31
10.3 Pump-turbine pit drainage. 31
10.4 Lubrication of guide vane regulating system . 31
10.5 Draft tube air admission system . 31
10.6 Tailwater depression system (if applicable) . 32
11 Technical specifications for instrumentation . 32
11.1 Controls. 32
11.2 Indication. 32
11.3 Protection. 32
12 Spare parts. 32
13 Model acceptance tests . 33
14 Site installation and commissioning tests . 33
14.1 General . 33
14.2 Installation procedures. 34
14.3 Tests during installation . 34
14.4 Commissioning tests. 34
15 Field acceptance tests . 34
15.1 Scope and reports . 34
15.2 Inspection of cavitating pitting. 35

– 4 – 61366-6 © IEC:1998(E)
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________
HYDRAULIC TURBINES, STORAGE PUMPS AND PUMP-TURBINES –
TENDERING DOCUMENTS –
Part 6: Guidelines for technical specifications
for pump-turbines
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization
for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two
organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In
exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical
report of one of the following types:
• type 1, when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International
Standard, despite repeated efforts;
• type 2, when the subject is still under technical development or where for any other reason
there is the future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International
Standard;
• type 3, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is
normally published as an International Standard, for example "state of the art".
Technical reports of types 1 and 2 are subject to review within three years of publication to
decide whether they can be transformed into International Standards. Technical reports of
type 3 do not necessarily have to be reviewed until the data they provide are considered to be
no longer valid or useful.
IEC 61366-6, which is a technical report of type 3, has been prepared by IEC technical
committee 4: Hydraulic turbines.

61366-6 © IEC:1998(E) – 5 –
The text of this technical report is based on the following documents:
Committee draft Report on voting
4/110/CDV 4/122/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report
on voting indicated in the above table.
Technical Report IEC 61366-6 is one of a series which deals with Tendering Documents for
hydraulic turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines. The series consists of seven parts:
IEC 61366-1: General and annexes (IEC 61366-1)
Part 2: Guidelines for technical specification for Francis turbines (IEC 61366-2)
Part 3: Guidelines for technical specification for Pelton turbines (IEC 61366-3)
Part 4: Guidelines for technical specification for Kaplan and propeller turbines (IEC 61366-4)
Part 5: Guidelines for technical specification for tubular turbines (IEC 61366-5)
Part 6: Guidelines for technical specification for pump-turbines (IEC 61366-6)
Part 7: Guidelines for technical specification for storage pumps (IEC 61366-7)
Parts 2 to 7 are "stand-alone" publications which when used with IEC 61366-1 contain
guidelines for a specific machine type (i.e. Parts 1 and 4 represent the combined guide for
Kaplan and propeller turbines). A summary of the proposed contents for a typical set of
Tendering Documents is given in the following table 1 and annex A. Table 1 summarizes the
arrangement of each part of this guide and serves as a reference for the various chapters and
sections of the Tendering Documents (see 3.2 of this part).
A bilingual edition of this technical report may be issued at a later date.

Table 1 – Summary of guide for the preparation of Tendering Documents for hydraulic turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines
CONTENTS OF GUIDE IEC 61366-1 TO IEC 61366-7 SAMPLE TABLE OF CONTENTS OF TENDERING DOCUMENTS (TD)
(Example for the Francis turbines; see 61366-1, annex A)
Part Clause Title Chapter Title
1 General and annexes 1 Tendering requirements
1– 2 Project information
1 1 Object and scope of this guide 3 General conditions
1 2 Reference documents and definitions 4 Special conditions
1 3 Arrangement of Tendering Documents 5 General requirements
1 4 Guidelines for tendering requirements 6 Technical specifications
1 5 Guidelines for project information 6.1 Technical requirements
1 6 Guidelines for general conditions, special conditions and general 6.1.1 Scope of work
requirements 6.1.2 Limits of the contract
6.1.3 Supply by Employer
1 Annexes 6.1.4 Design conditions
6.1.5 Performance and other guarantees
A Sample table of contents of Tendering Documents for Francis turbines 6.1.6 Mechanical design criteria
B Comments on factors for evaluation of tenders 6.1.7 Design documentation
C Check list for tender form 6.1.8 Materials and construction
D Examples of technical data sheets 6.1.9 Shop inspection and testing
E Technical performance guarantees 6.2 Technical specifications for fixed/embedded components
F Example of cavitation pitting guarantees 6.3 Technical specifications for stationary/removable components
G Check list for model test specifications 6.4 Technical specifications for guide vane regulating apparatus
H Sand erosion considerations 6.5 Technical specifications for rotating parts, bearings and seals
6.6 Technical specifications for thrust bearings
2 to 7 Technical specifications 6.7 Technical specifications for miscellaneous components
6.8 Technical specifications for auxiliary systems
2 Francis turbines 6.9 Technical specifications for instrumentation
3 Pelton turbines 6.10 Spare parts
4 Kaplan and propeller turbines 6.11 Model tests
5 Tubular turbines 6.12 Installation and commissioning
6 Pump-turbines 6.13 Field acceptance tests
7 Storage pumps
61366-6 © IEC:1998(E) – 7 –
HYDRAULIC TURBINES, STORAGE PUMPS AND PUMP-TURBINES –
TENDERING DOCUMENTS –
Part 6: Guidelines for technical specifications
for pump-turbines
0 Introduction to technical specifications
The main purpose of the technical specifications is to describe the specific technical
requirements for the hydraulic machine for which the Tendering Documents (TD) are being
issued. To achieve clarity and to avoid confusion in contract administration, the Employer
should not specify anything in the technical specifications which is of importance only to the
preparation of the tender. Such information and instructions should be given only in the
instructions to Tenderers (ITT). Accordingly, the ITT may refer to other chapters and sections
of the Tendering Documents but not vice versa. As a general rule the word "Tenderer" should
be confined in use only to TD chapter 1 "Tendering requirements"; elsewhere the term
"Contractor" should be used.
Special attention should be given to items of a project specific nature such as materials,
protective coating systems, mechanical piping systems, electrical systems and instrumentation.
It is common for the Employer to use technical standards for such items which would apply to
all contracts for a particular project or projects. In this event, detailed technical standards
should be specified in TD chapter 5 "General requirements".
Technical specifications for the various types of hydraulic machines included in this guide are
provided in the following parts:
– Francis turbines (Part 2);
– Pelton turbines (Part 3);
– Kaplan and propeller turbines (Part 4);
– Tubular turbines (Part 5);
– Pump-turbines (Part 6);
– Storage pumps (Part 7).
The guidelines for preparation of pump-turbine specifications include technical specifications
for the following:
– Design conditions: Project arrangement, hydraulic conditions, specified conditions, modes
of operation conditions, generator characteristics, motor characteristics, synchronous
condenser characteristics, speed-up procedure for pump mode, transient behaviour data,
change-over times and characteristics, stability of the system, noise, vibration, pressure
fluctuations and safety requirements.
– Technical performance and other guarantees:
ypower
ydischarge
yspecific hydraulic energy (head)
yefficiency
ymaximum momentary pressure
yminimum momentary pressure
ymaximum momentary overspeed
ymaximum steady-state runaway speed
ycavitation pitting
yhydraulic thrust
– 8 – 61366-6 © IEC:1998(E)
ychange-over times
ymaximum weights and dimensions for transportation, erection and maintenance
– Mechanical design criteria: design standards, stresses and deflections and special design
considerations (earthquake acceleration, etc.).
– Design documentation: Contractor’s input needed for the Employer's design, Contractor's
drawings and data, Contractor's review of the Employer's design and technical reports by
the Contractor.
– Materials and construction: material selection and standards, quality assurance procedures,
shop methods, corrosion protection and painting.
– Shop inspection and testing: general requirements and reports, material tests and
certificates, dimensional checks, shop assembly and tests.
– Fixed/embedded components: spiral case with compressible wrapping (if any), stay ring,
foundation ring, discharge ring, draft tube, draft tube liner, pit liner, and foundation plates
and anchorages.
– Stationary/removable components: headcover, bottom ring, facing plates, stationary
wearing ring, guide vanes.
– Regulating apparatus for guide vanes: servomotor, connecting rods, regulating ring (if any),
guide vane linkage system, guide vane overload protection and locking devices and
mechanical synchronizing device (if any).
– Rotating parts, bearings and seals: runner (impeller), main shaft, intermediate shaft (if any),
guide bearing with oil supply, oil/water cooler, main shaft seal, standstill (maintenance)
seal.
– Thrust bearing (if part of the hydraulic machine supply): bearing support, thrust block,
rotating ring, thrust bearing pads and pivots, oil sump with oil supply (common with guide
bearing, if any), oil/water coolers, instrumentation.
– Miscellaneous components: walkways, lifting fixtures, special tools, standard tools, turbine
pit hoist, nameplate, draft tube maintenance platform.
– Auxiliary systems: runner pressure balancing and pressure relief lines, turbine pit drainage
and other drainage systems; lubrication, draft tube air admission, tailwater depression,
cooling water supply for runner seal for blow-down operation.
– Instrumentation: controls, indication and protection.
– Spare parts: basic spare parts.
– Model acceptance tests: test requirements.
– Site installation and commissioning tests: installation procedures and commissioning tests.
– Field acceptance tests: scope of field tests, reports and inspection of cavitation pitting.
An example of the proposed table of contents for Tendering Documents for a Francis turbine is
given in annex A of IEC 61366-1. The example does not include technical specifications of the
control system, shut-off valves, gates motor-generator, pony motor, frequency converter for
starting into pump-mode, excitation system which may, at the Employer's option, be included in
the Tendering Documents for the pump-turbine or may be specified in separate documents.
Chapter 6 (technical specifications) of the Tendering Documents should be arranged as
follows:
6.1 Technical requirements;
6.2 Technical specifications for fixed/embedded components;
6.3 Technical specifications for stationary/removable components;
6.4 Technical specifications for guide vane regulating apparatus;
6.5 Technical specifications for rotating parts, guide bearings and seals;
6.6 Technical specifications for thrust bearing;
6.7 Technical specifications for miscellaneous components;

61366-6 © IEC:1998(E) – 9 –
6.8 Technical specifications for auxiliary systems;
6.9 Technical specifications for instrumentation;
6.10 Spare parts;
6.11 Model acceptance tests;
6.12 Site installation and commissioning;
6.13 Field acceptance tests.
1 Scope
This technical report, referred to herein as the Guide, is intended to assist in the preparation of
Tendering Documents and tendering proposals and in the evaluation of tenders for hydraulic
machines. This part of IEC 61366 provides guidelines for pump-turbines.
2 Reference documents
IEC 60041:1992, Field acceptance tests to determine the hydraulic performance of hydraulic
turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines
IEC 60193:1965, International code for model acceptance tests of hydraulic turbines
IEC 60308:1970, International code for testing of speed governing systems for hydraulic
turbines
IEC 60609:1978, Cavitation pitting evaluation in hydraulic turbines, storage pumps and pump-
turbines
IEC 60805:1985, Guide for commissioning operation and maintenance of storage pumps and of
pump-turbines operating as pumps
IEC 60994:1991, Guide for field measurement of vibrations and pulsations in hydraulic
machines (turbines, storage pumps and pump turbines)
1)
IEC 61362, Guide to specification of hydro-turbine control systems
ISO 3740:1980, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources – Guidelines
for the use of basic standards and for the preparation of noise test codes
3 Technical requirements
3.1 Scope of work
This subclause should describe the scope of work and the responsibilities which are to be
2)
conferred upon the Contractor. The general statement of scope of work presented in TD
section 2.1 (5.1 of IEC 61366-1) shall be consistent with what is presented here. In a similar
manner, pay items in the tender form, TD section 1.2 (4.2 of IEC 61366-1) should be defined in
TD subsection 6.1.1.
The scope of work should begin with a general statement which outlines the various elements
of the work including (where applicable) the design, model testing, supply of materials and
labour, fabrication, machining, quality assurance, quality control, shop assembly, shop testing,
spare parts, transportation to site, site installation, commissioning, acceptance testing,
warranty and other services specified or required for the items of work.
___________
1)
To be published.
2)
All references to Tendering Documents (TD) apply to annex A of IEC 61366-1.

– 10 – 61366-6 © IEC:1998(E)
The layout of a pump-turbine may lead to a single or multistage machine. The latter can be of a
regulated or non-regulated type. Economical operation and operational flexibility of a pump-
turbine set may require additional equipment such as starting turbine, pony motor, and
frequency converter for starting in the pump-mode. It is also possible to consider the use of a
motor-generator with different rotational speeds for pump and turbine mode.
Multistage pump-turbines are not presented in this volume. For the description of additional
components refer to Part 7 (storage pumps).
The general statement should be followed by a specific and detailed list of the major items
which the Employer wishes to have as separate payment items in the tender form, for example:
Item Description
1 Four (4) vertical shaft, single stage, regulated Francis type pump-turbines, each with a
specified power of not less than 255 MW under a specified specific hydraulic energy of
4 719 J/kg (head of 481 m), pump discharge of 42,5 m /s with design tolerance of –5% to
+5 % at a specific hydraulic energy of 4 758 J/kg (pump head of 485 m);
2 Pump-turbine model testing;
3 Tools, slings and handling devices required for maintenance of the pump-turbines;
4 Transportation and delivery to site;
5 Site installation, commissioning and acceptance testing of the pump-turbines;
6 Preparation and submission of operation and maintenance manual and training of
Employer's operating and maintenance staff in the optimum use of these manuals; and
7 Spare parts required for operation and maintenance.
3.2 Limits of the contract
This subclause, making reference to the Employer's drawings and data, should give in detail
the limits of the contract considering the following:
– details of the design and supply limits of the high-pressure reference section;
– details of the design, location and responsibility for field connection of spiral case to
penstock or valve on high-pressure side;
– details and location of the low-pressure reference section;
– details and location of the downstream termination of the draft tube liner;
– details and location of pump-turbine valve and gate on high and low-pressure side;
– elevation of the upper pump-turbine shaft flange and/or distance to the pump-turbine
distributor centreline;
– responsibility for supply and installation of flange coupling bolts, nuts and guards at motor-
generator/pump-turbine coupling, including drilling jig;
– responsibility for supply and installation of bolts, nuts, gaskets at piping termination;
– termination of governor piping;
– termination of spiral case and draft tube dewatering piping;
– termination of spiral case air exhaust piping (if any);
– termination of pit drainage piping;
– termination of bearing lubricating oil piping;
– termination of piping (if required) to carry upper runner/impeller seal leakage to the draft
tube;
– termination of shaft seal piping (if any);
– terminations of piping external to that provided to enhance operating stability when the unit
is required to function outside the optimum operating conditions;

61366-6 © IEC:1998(E) – 11 –
– termination of cooling water piping for bearings, shaft seals and runner seals;
– pump-turbine head cover mounted thrust bearing (if specified);
– termination points and junction boxes for wiring for power, control, indication, protection,
and lighting;
– compressed air for blow-down, service and other functions.
NOTE – Contract limits will change if other major items of equipment (such as control system, valves and gates,
motor-generators, excitation systems, control metering and relaying systems, switchgear, power transformer and
thrust bearing) are included with the pump-turbine equipment in a common set of Tendering Documents.
3.3 Supply by Employer
This subclause should be complementary to 5.6 of IEC 61366-1 (TD subsection 2.6) and
should list the items and services which will be the responsibility of the Employer or others. The
following should be considered:
– services during erection;
– temporary enclosures for site storage of pump-turbine parts or for erection;
– installation in primary concrete of small items provided by the Contractor such as anchors,
sole plates and piping;
– concrete for embedment of pump-turbine components - supply, placement and control;
– grout injection if required either within or around pump-turbine components;
– powerhouse crane and operator;
– connections to powerhouse air, oil and water piping systems;
– supply of filtered water for pump-turbine shaft seals;
– supply of cooling water for runner seals;
– electrical wiring and hardware external to specified termination points;
– electric motor starters and controls;
– control, annunciation and protection systems external to specified termination points;
– external lubricating oil storage, distribution, and purification systems;
– lubricants, bearing and governor oil to the Contractor's specifications.
It should be stated that any materials or services required for installation and commissioning of
the units, and not specifically mentioned in the above list of the Employer supplied items and
services, are to be provided by the Contractor under contract.
3.4 Design conditions
3.4.1 Project arrangement
The detailed project arrangement should contain the Employer's description and general
arrangement drawings of the powerhouse and waterways at the low and high-pressure sides
including channels, galleries, penstocks, surge tanks, gates and valves. The description should
be an extension of the applicable data provided in TD chapter 2 "Project information". The data
shall be sufficiently clear so that the Contractor is aware of physical conditions which may
influence the application of its detailed design.
In any event, the Employer should retain responsibility for specifying values of all parameters
on which guarantees are based, as part of the overall design of the plant. This applies
particularly to the correct inlet and outlet conditions and in the coordination of the interaction
between the hydraulic machine and the waterways.

– 12 – 61366-6 © IEC:1998(E)
3.4.2 Hydraulic conditions
This subclause should present the hydraulic conditions under which the Employer proposes to
operate the completed facility such as:
– range of specific hydraulic energy (head) of the plant;
– specific hydraulic energy losses between headwater level and high-pressure reference
section of the machine (E ), turbine and pump mode;
L 3-1
– specific hydraulic energy losses between low-pressure reference section of the machine
and tailwater level (E ), turbine and pump mode;
L 2-4
– specific hydraulic energy (head) of the machine (see 2.5 of IEC 61366-1);
– headwater levels, maximum, minimum and normal and when no water is flowing;
– tailwater levels, maximum, minimum and normal and when no water is flowing;
– minimum tailwater level as a function of discharge for the cavitation guarantee;
– power values in the range of specific hydraulic energy (head);
– maximum specific hydraulic energy (head) for runaway speed guarantee;
– range of water temperatures;
– water quality analysis (chemical, corrosive nature, biological, and suspended solids);
– range of ambient temperatures and humidity (tropical environment or extreme cold needs to
be clearly defined).
3.4.3 Specified conditions
a) Modes of operation: As an extension to TD section 2.5, the Employer should provide
sufficient data to enable the Contractor to understand the Employer's intended mode(s) of
operation, e.g. base load or peaking, synchronous condenser, parallel with the network and
isolated operation in turbine mode, in addition operation in pump mode, etc. Data should
include, wherever possible, the anticipated number of start-stops per year, the capacity
factor of the plant and the number of fast change-over cycles from pump to turbine mode.
Special operating uses should also be clearly identified such as synchronous condenser,
spinning reserve, isolated and black start operations, penstock draining through turbine,
penstock filling through pump.
b) Starting procedures and changeover sequences: The Employer should specify the method
of starting procedure for pump operation, e.g.:
– pump-turbine runner (impeller) rotating in water;
– accelerated directly by the motor-generator;
– accelerated by a pony-motor;
– pump-turbine runner (impeller) rotating in air;
– accelerated by the motor-generator;
– accelerated by a starting turbine.
The Employer should indicate data (if any) for changeover sequences, e.g.:
– standstill to pump mode;
– pump mode to standstill;
– fast changeover from pump mode to turbine mode.
c) Specific hydraulic energy (E) [head (H)], discharge (Q) and power (P): The specified
specific hydraulic energy (head) and discharges (turbine mode, pump mode) are
determined from an analysis of available discharge, reservoir volumes, specific hydraulic
energy (head) of the plant and hydraulic losses external to the machine with respect to
statistical duration in turbine mode, pump mode and reservoir management. The relevant
pump power has to be determined according to the motor characteristics and to the
required pump discharge.
61366-6 © IEC:1998(E) – 13 –
If the range of specific hydraulic energy is wide, more than one specified value for E, Q and
P may need to be selected to define the operational range of the machine.
In the case of an unregulated pump-turbine and if there are any limitations on maximum
discharge at any specific hydraulic energy (head) or limitations on power, the Employer
shall provide adequate data in the technical specifications to enable the Contractor to
optimise pump-turbine design while respecting these limitations.
d) Speed: The choice of speed of the unit has an impact on pump-turbine and motor-generator
costs, on the setting of the pump-turbine with respect to tailwater levels and on powerhouse
costs. The choice of speed may also be influenced by strength considerations; e.g. in the
case of an underground powerhouse where, because of favourable cavitation conditions
mainly in pump operation, a higher speed could be selected but the higher speed may be
limited by strength considerations and others.
If permitted by the project schedule, the approximate cost per meter of powerhouse setting
(see annex B, clause B3 of IEC 61366-1), and the approximate cost per kVA for various
possible speed options for the motor-generator should be specified by Employer in the ITT,
(TD subsection 1.1.15) so that Tenderers may quote the pump-turbine which best suits site
conditions and its available design.
In most cases, the project schedule dictates an early decision with respect to speed(s).
Under such conditions, discussions should be held with potential suppliers of pump-turbines
and motor-generators to fix a (the) preferred speed(s); alternative proposals may be invited
in the ITT.
e) Direction of rotation: The direction of rotation of the pump-turbine is dictated by the
optimum orientation of the spiral case with respect to intake, penstock and power house
costs. The direction in turbine operation should be specified clockwise or counter-clockwise
looking from the motor-generator toward the pump-turbine.
3.4.4 Motor-generator characteristics
The specifications should state the principal characteristics of the motor-generators to which
the pump-turbines will be coupled, for example:
– capacity (kVA) as motor and as generator;
– power factor as motor and generator;
– frequency (normal and exceptional range);
– inertia or flywheel effect of motor-generator;
– preferred speed as motor and as generator (if established);
– preferred bearing arrangement (if established);
– approximate rotor diameter (if available);
– inner diameter of stator for passage of pump-turbine components (if available).
3.4.5 Transient behaviour data
The Employer should, during preliminary design phase of the project and prior to pump-turbine
selection, determine and establish the various factors relating to power acceptance and power
rejection by the pump-turbine. Transient operating conditions cause pressure and speed
variations dependent on the type of machine and on the movement of the shut-off valve. The
factors to be considered in the calculation of transient phenomena (water hammer calculation)
are:
– acceptable variation in electrical system frequency;
– inertia of the rotating parts or mechanical starting time;
– details of high-pressure and low-pressure conduits for the pump-turbine, including surge
tanks;
– velocity of pressure waves (sound velocity in water);

– 14 – 61366-6 © IEC:1998(E)
– water starting time;
– pump-turbine guide vane opening and closing times (turbine operation);
– high and low-pressure side valve(s) opening and closing time;
– transient characteristics (operating characteristics, four quadrant characteristics) of the
pump-turbine;
– modes of operation;
– emergency conditions, e.g.:
• full or partial power failing
• the shut-off valve is closing if the guide vanes remain open (pump mode)
• the shut-off valve does not close
• when there are several units at the same waterway, one shut-off valve is closing only or
all valves are closing.
The results of the water hammer calculation should confirm such items as:
– transient pressure variation along the water conduits (maximum/minimum momentary
pressure);
– transient pressure variation in the spiral case (pressure rise) and draft tube (pressure
drop);
– pressure fluctuations at high and low-pressure side of pump-turbine;
– speed variations of the unit (maximum/minimum momentary speed and runaway speed).
Transient behaviour data established by the Employer should be provided and those data which
require verification by the Contractor should be specified. Other data not specified by the
Employer may have to be established by the Contractor. (Refer to guarantees in 3.5.5 and
3.5.6.)
3.4.6 Stability of the system
The hydro-turbine control system should be specified in accordance with IEC 61362. The
performance of the hydro-turbine control system should be specified according to IEC 60308.
The Employer should furnish the information necessary in order to predict possible resonances
in the water passages of the power plant and in the unit. Admissible limits may be specified for
fluctuation of shaft torque and of pressure in the draft tube.
3.4.7 Noise
Noise level limits may be legislated by national or local statutes. Noise abatement measures
may be the combined responsibility of the Employer and the Contractor. Reference should be
made by the Employer to ISO 3740 together with other standards, statutes or guides to
establish noise measurement and acceptance criteria. The limits and the means by which they
can be achieved should be specified in TD subsection 6.1.5.11.
NOTE – The Employer should recognize that additional protection to reduce noise level may have a significant
effect on the cost of the machine.
3.4.8 Vibration
The specifications should require that the machine operates through its full range of specified
conditions without vibration which would be detrimental to its service life. Reference should be
made by the Employer to IEC 60994 together with other suitable standards and guides to
establish deflection measurements and acceptance criteria. Limits of vibration may be
established for steady-state conditions and for normal transient regimes as criteria for final
acceptance.
61366-6 © IEC:1998(E) – 15 –
3.4.9 Sand erosion considerations
Risk of sand erosion may influence the design and operation of the hydraulic machine. In this
event, the technical specifications should indicate the content of suspended solids, their type,
hardness, size and shape. See IEC 61366-1, annex H.
3.4.10 Safety requirements
The Employer should state specific safety requirements which shall be met in the design of the
pump-turbine. These requirements are in addition to the general safety related items outlined in
5.6 of IEC 61366-1.
3.5 Technical performance and other guarantees
3.5.1 General
Hydraulic performance guarantees for hydraulic machines are discussed in clause 3 of
IEC 60041. The main guarantees outlined in IEC 61366-1, annex E and should be read in
conjunction with IEC 60041.
The main steady state hydraulic performance guarantees (i.e., power, discharge, efficiency and
runaway speed) may be verified by model tests or field acceptance tests. Guarantees may be
referred directly to the hydraulic performance of the model (without scale effect) or alternatively
to the hydraulic performance of the prototype computed from model tests with allowance for
scale effects. (Refer to IEC 60193.)
The Employer should establish and specify the parameters on which the performance
guarantees are to be based. These parameters include plant specific hydraulic energy (plant
head) and energy losses external to the high-pressure and low-pressure reference sections of
the machine (in both modes of operation). The Employer should retain responsibility for
specifying acceptable inlet and outlet conditions of the machine and for co-ordination of the
study of the interaction between the machine and the external waterways transient and
steady-state oscillating conditions.
In those cases where it is not possible to perform field acceptance tests under specified
conditions, refer to IEC 60041. The Employer should specify measurement methods and
measurement uncertainties which are contractually applied if different than those established
by relevant IEC publications. In addition to specifying the guaranteed performance provisions in
the technical specification, it is important that the Employer summarise these provisions in TD
subsection 1.1.13 of the "ITT". Also, it is desirable that the manner in which Tenderers shall
present and state their performance guarantees be clearly specified.
The Employer should select the appropriate level and type of performance guarantees for the
machine taking into consideration the intended mode of operation and the importance of the
machine in the system.
When it is necessary to include other aspects of the machine under performance guarantees
(such as stability, noise and vibration), the Employer should include these provisions at the end
of this section taking into consideration that data available may not be sufficient based on
extended experience. In any event, conditions under which guarante
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