IEC 61918:2010

IEC 61918 ®
Edition 2.0 2010-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Industrial communication networks –
Installation of communication networks in industrial premises

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IEC 61918 ®
Edition 2.0 2010-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Industrial communication networks –
Installation of communication networks in industrial premises
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XH
ICS 25.040.40, 33.180, 35.110 ISBN 978-2-88912-052-9
– 2 – 61918 © IEC:2010(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.9
INTRODUCTION.11
1 Scope.14
2 Normative references .14
3 Terms, definitions, and abbreviated terms .17
3.1 Terms and definitions .17
3.2 Abbreviated terms .25
3.3 Conventions for installation profiles .27
4 Installation planning .27
4.1 Introduction .27
4.1.1 Objective .27
4.1.2 Cabling in industrial premises.27
4.1.3 The planning process .30
4.1.4 Specific requirements for CPs .31
4.1.5 Specific requirements for generic cabling in accordance with
ISO/IEC 24702 .31
4.2 Planning requirements.31
4.2.1 Safety.31
4.2.2 Security.31
4.2.3 Environmental considerations and EMC.32
4.2.4 Specific requirements for generic cabling in accordance with
ISO/IEC 24702 .33
4.3 Network capabilities .33
4.3.1 Network topology.33
4.3.2 Network characteristics .35
4.4 Selection and use of cabling components .38
4.4.1 Cable selection.38
4.4.2 Connecting hardware selection.42
4.4.3 Connections within a channel/permanent link .45
4.4.4 Terminators .50
4.4.5 Device location and connection .51
4.4.6 Coding and labelling .51
4.4.7 Earthing and bonding of equipment and devices and shielded cabling .51
4.4.8 Storage and transportation of cables .60
4.4.9 Routing of cables.60
4.4.10 Separation of circuits.62
4.4.11 Mechanical protection of cabling components .63
4.4.12 Installation in special areas .63
4.5 Cabling planning documentation.63
4.5.1 Common description.63
4.5.2 Cabling planning documentation for CPs .63
4.5.3 Network certification documentation .64
4.5.4 Cabling planning documentation for generic cabling in accordance
with ISO/IEC 24702 .64
4.6 Verification of cabling planning specification .64
5 Installation implementation .64
5.1 General requirements.64

61918 © IEC:2010(E) – 3 –
5.1.1 Common description.64
5.1.2 Installation of CPs .65
5.1.3 Installation of generic cabling in industrial premises .65
5.2 Cable installation.65
5.2.1 General requirements for all cabling types.65
5.2.2 Installation and routing .71
5.2.3 Specific requirements for CPs .73
5.2.4 Specific requirements for wireless installation.73
5.2.5 Specific requirements for generic cabling in accordance with
ISO/IEC 24702 .73
5.3 Connector installation.73
5.3.1 Common description.73
5.3.2 Shielded connectors .74
5.3.3 Unshielded connectors .74
5.3.4 Specific requirements for CPs .74
5.3.5 Specific requirements for wireless installation.74
5.3.6 Specific requirements for generic cabling in accordance with
ISO/IEC 24702 .74
5.4 Terminator installation.74
5.4.1 Common description.74
5.4.2 Specific requirements for CPs .75
5.5 Device installation .75
5.5.1 Common description.75
5.5.2 Specific requirements for CPs .75
5.6 Coding and labelling.75
5.6.1 Common description.75
5.6.2 Specific requirements for CPs .75
5.7 Earthing and bonding of equipment and devices and shield cabling.75
5.7.1 Common description.75
5.7.2 Bonding and earthing of enclosures and pathways .76
5.7.3 Earthing methods .77
5.7.4 Shield earthing methods .78
5.7.5 Specific requirements for CPs .81
5.7.6 Specific requirements for generic cabling in accordance with
ISO/IEC 24702 .81
5.8 As-implemented cabling documentation.81
6 Installation verification and installation acceptance test.81
6.1 Introduction .81
6.2 Installation verification.82
6.2.1 General .82
6.2.2 Verification according to cabling planning documentation .82
6.2.3 Verification of earthing and bonding .84
6.2.4 Verification of shield earthing .85
6.2.5 Verification of cabling system .85
6.2.6 Cable selection verification.85
6.2.7 Connector verification.86
6.2.8 Connection verification .86
6.2.9 Terminators verification .87
6.2.10 Coding and labelling verification .88

– 4 – 61918 © IEC:2010(E)
6.2.11 Verification report .88
6.3 Installation acceptance test .88
6.3.1 General .88
6.3.2 Acceptance test of Ethernet based cabling .90
6.3.3 Acceptance test of non Ethernet based cabling .92
6.3.4 Specific requirements for wireless installation.93
6.3.5 Acceptance test report.93
7 Installation administration.93
7.1 General .93
7.2 Fields covered by the administration .94
7.3 Basic principles for the administration system .94
7.4 Working procedures .94
7.5 Device location labelling.95
7.6 Component cabling labelling.95
7.7 Documentation .96
7.8 Specific requirements for administration .96
8 Installation maintenance and installation troubleshooting .96
8.1 General .96
8.2 Maintenance.97
8.2.1 Scheduled maintenance .97
8.2.2 Condition-based maintenance .98
8.2.3 Corrective maintenance.99
8.3 Troubleshooting .99
8.3.1 General description .99
8.3.2 Evaluation of the problem .99
8.3.3 Typical problems .100
8.3.4 Troubleshooting procedure .102
8.3.5 Simplified troubleshooting procedure .103
8.4 Specific requirements for maintenance and troubleshooting . 104
Annex A (informative) Introduction to generic cabling for industrial premises . 105
Annex B (informative) MICE description methodology .106
Annex C (informative) Network topologies.114
Annex D (informative) Connector table.116
Annex E (informative) Power networks with respect to electromagnetic interference –
TN-C and TN-S approaches.129
Annex F (informative) Conductor sizes in electrical cables. 131
Annex G (informative) Installed cabling verification checklists. 133
Annex H (normative) Cord sets .137
Annex I (informative) Guidance for terminating cable ends . 142
Annex J (informative) Recommendations for bulkhead connection performance and
channel performance with more than 4 connections in the channel .149
Annex K (informative) Fieldbus data transfer testing .151
Annex L (informative) Communication network installation work responsibility . 155
Annex M (informative) Trade names of communication profiles . 156
Annex N (informative) Validation measurements . 158
Bibliography.164

61918 © IEC:2010(E) – 5 –
Figure 1 – Industrial network installation life cycle .12
Figure 2 – Standards relationships.13
Figure 3 – Structure of generic cabling connected to an automation island .28
Figure 4 – Automation island cabling attached to elements of generic cabling.28
Figure 5 – Automation islands.29
Figure 6 – Automation island network external connections .29
Figure 7 – How to meet environmental conditions. .33
Figure 8 – How enhancement, isolation and separation work together .33
Figure 9 – Basic physical topologies for passive networks .34
Figure 10 – Basic physical topologies for active networks .34
Figure 11 – Example of combination of basic topologies .35
Figure 12 – Basic reference implementation model .46
Figure 13 – Enhanced reference implementation model .47
Figure 14 – Selection of the earthing and bonding systems.54
Figure 15 – Wiring for bonding and earthing in a mesh equipotential configuration .56
Figure 16 – Wiring of the earths in a star earth configuration .57
Figure 17 – Schematic diagram of a field device with direct earthing.58
Figure 18 – Schematic diagram of a field device with parallel RC circuit earthing.58
Figure 19 – Insert edge protector .67
Figure 20 – Use an uncoiling device and avoid forming loop .67
Figure 21 – Avoid torsion .67
Figure 22 – Maintain minimum bending radius .68
Figure 23 – Do not pull by the individual wires .69
Figure 24 – Use cable clamps with a large (wide) surface.69
Figure 25 – Cable gland with bending protection.70
Figure 26 – Spiral tube .70
Figure 27 – Separate cable pathways .73
Figure 28 – Use of flexible bonding straps at movable metallic pathways.76
Figure 29 – Surface preparation for electromechanical earth and bonding connections.77
Figure 30 – Example of isolated bus bar .78
Figure 31 – Example of isolator for mounting DIN rails.78
Figure 32 – Parallel RC shield earthing.79
Figure 33 – Direct shield earthing .79
Figure 34 – Examples for shielding application .80
Figure 35 – Voltage offset mitigation.80
Figure 36 – First example of derivatives of shield earthing.80
Figure 37 – Second example of derivatives of shield earthing .81
Figure 38 – Installation verification process .83
Figure 39 – Test of earthing connections .84
Figure 40 – Pin and pair grouping assignments for two eight position IEC 60603-7
subparts and four position IEC 60603 series to IEC 61076-2-101 connectors.87
Figure 41 – Two pair 8-way modular connector .87
Figure 42 – Transposed pairs, split pairs and reversed pair .87

– 6 – 61918 © IEC:2010(E)
Figure 43 – Validation process.89
Figure 44 – Schematic representation of the channel.90
Figure 45 – Schematic representation of the permanent link .90
Figure 46 – Communication network maintenance .98
Figure 47 – Troubleshooting procedure.103
Figure 48 – Fault detection without special tools.104
Figure B.1 – MICE classifications.106
Figure B.2 – Example MICE classifications within a facility . 107
Figure B.3 – Enhancement, isolation and separation. 107
Figure B.4 – Example 1 of mitigation.108
Figure B.5 – Example 2 of mitigation.109
Figure B.6 – Frequency range of electromagnetic disturbance from common industrial
devices .109
Figure B.7 – Example of a general guidance for separation versus EFT value .111
Figure E.1 – Four-wire power network (TN-C) .129
Figure E.2 – Five wire power network (TN-S).130
Figure H.1 – Straight through cord sets with M12-4 D-coding connectors.137
Figure H.2 – Straight through cord sets with 8-way modular connectors, 8 poles . 138
Figure H.3 – Straight through cord sets with 8-way modular connectors, 4 poles . 139
Figure I.1 – Stripping the cable jacket.142
Figure I.2 – Example of wire preparation for type A cables. 143
Figure I.3 – 8-way modular plug.143
Figure I.4 – Inserting the cable into the connector body .144
Figure I.5 – Crimping the connector .144
Figure I.6 – Example of a cable preparation for type A wiring. 145
Figure I.7 – Connector components .146
Figure I.8 – Cable preparation .146
Figure I.9 – Connector wire gland, nut and shell on the cable .146
Figure I.10 – Conductors preparation.146
Figure I.11 – Jacket removal.147
Figure I.12 – Shield preparation.147
Figure I.13 – Conductors preparation.147
Figure I.14 – Installing conductors in connector .147
Figure I.15 – Assembling the body of the connector.148
Figure I.16 – Final assembling .148
Figure N.1 – Loop resistance measurement wire to wire .159
Figure N.2 – Loop resistance measurement wire 1 to shield. 159
Figure N.3 – Loop resistance measurement wire 2 to shield. 159
Figure N.4 – Resistance measurement for detecting wire shorts . 159
Figure N.5 – Resistance measurement between wire 1 and wire 2 .160
Figure N.6 – Validation of the cable DCR.161
Figure N.7 – Conclusions for cable open or shorts .162
Figure N.8 – Determination of proper cable terminator value. 163

61918 © IEC:2010(E) – 7 –
Table 1 – Basic network characteristics for balanced cabling not based on Ethernet.36
Table 2 – Network characteristics for balanced cabling based on Ethernet .36
Table 3 – Network characteristics for optical fibre cabling.37
Table 4 – Information relevant to copper cable: fixed cables .39
Table 5 – Information relevant to copper cable: cords .40
Table 6 – Information relevant to optical fibre cables .41
Table 7 – Connectors for balanced cabling CPs based on Ethernet .43
Table 8 – Connectors for copper cabling CPs not based on Ethernet .44
Table 9 – Optical fibre connecting hardware .44
Table 10 – Relationship between FOC and fibre types (CP x/y) .44
Table 11 – Basic reference implementation equations.46
Table 12 – Enhanced reference implementation equations.48
Table 13 – Correction factor Z for operating temperature above 20 °C.48
Table 14 – Equalisation and earthing conductor sizing and length .53
Table 15 – Bonding straps cross-section.55
Table 16 – Bonding plates surface protection.55
Table 17 – Cable circuit types and minimum distances .62
Table 18 – Parameters for balanced cables .65
Table 19 – Parameters for silica optical fibre cables .66
Table 20 – Parameters for POF optical fibre cables .66
Table 21 – Parameters for hard clad silica optical fibre cables .66
Table 22 – Typical problems in a network with balanced cabling. 100
Table 23 – Typical problems in a network with optical fibre cabling. 101
Table B.1 – Example 1 of targeted MICE area .108
Table B.2 – Example 2 of targeted MICE area .108
Table B.3 – Relationship between electromagnetic disturbance generating devices and
“E” classification .110
Table B.4 – Coupling mechanism for each of the interfering devices. 110
Table B.5 – MICE definition .112
Table D.1 – Conventions for colour code used in the connector table . 116
Table D.2 – 8-way modular connector .118
Table D.3 – M12-4 A-coding connector .119
Table D.4 – M12-4 D-coding connector .120
Table D.5 – M12-5 A-coding connector .121
Table D.6 – M12-5 B-coding connector .122
Table D.7 – SubD connector .123
Table D.8 – M18 connector .124
Table D.9 – Open style connector .125
Table D.10 – BNC connector .126
Table D.11 – TNC connector.127
Table D.12 – Pair numbers and colour scheme .128
Table F.1 – American wire gauge system and kcmil . 131

– 8 – 61918 © IEC:2010(E)
Table G.1 – Copper cabling verification checklist . 133
Table G.2 – Earthing and bonding measurements checklist . 134
Table G.3 – Signatures for Table G.1 and Table G.2 checklists .134
Table G.4 – Checklist for special checks for non-Ethernet-based CPs .135
Table G.5 – Signatures for Table G.4 checklist .135
Table G.6 – Optical fibre cabling verification checklist . 136
Table G.7 – Signatures for Table G.6 checklist .136
Table H.1 – M12-4 D-coding pin/pair assignment .138
Table H.2 – M12-4 D-coding to M12-4 D-coding crossover pin/pair assignment . 138
Table H.3 – 8-way modular pin/pair assignment. 139
Table H.4 – 8-way modular crossover pin/pair assignment.140
Table H.5 – Connectivity pin assignment .140
Table H.6 – M12 to 8-way modular crossover pin pair assignment . 141
Table J.1 – Transmission requirements for more than 4 connections in a channel.150
Table M.1 – Trade names of CPFs and CPs .156

61918 © IEC:2010(E) – 9 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
INDUSTRIAL COMMUNICATION NETWORKS –

Installation of communication networks in industrial premises

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
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3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61918 has been prepared by subcommittee 65C: Industrial
networks, of IEC technical committee 65: Industrial-process measurement, control and
automation.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2007 and
Corrigendum 1 (2009). This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
– 4.4.7.2.1 is updated;
– 4.4.7.3.4 is updated;
– 5.7.4.3 is updated as result of the revision of the installation profiles;
– 6.2.3.1 is updated;
– Figure 2, Figure 15, Table 14 and Table B.3 are updated;
– a new Figure 35 is added;
– 10 – 61918 © IEC:2010(E)
– a new Table 10 is added;
– Annex D is extended to cover additional communication profile families;
– Annex F is extended to cover conductor sizes in electrical cables;
– Annex H is made normative; some common requirements are extended as result of the
revision of the installation profiles.
This standard is to be used in conjunction with the IEC 61784-5 series with regard to the
installation of communication profiles (CPs). This standard is to be used in conjunction with
ISO/IEC 14763-2 with regard to the installation of generic cabling in accordance with
ISO/IEC 24702.
NOTE For further information, see the Introduction.
This standard was developed in cooperation with ISO/IEC JTC1/SC25 which is responsible for
ISO/IEC 24702.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
65C/599/FDIS 65C/614/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
61918 © IEC:2010(E) – 11 –
INTRODUCTION
Process and factory automation are increasingly relying on communication networks and
fieldbuses that are inherently designed to cope with the specific environmental conditions of
the industrial premises. The networks and fieldbuses provide for an effective integration of
applications among the several functional units of the plant/factory. One of the benefits of
integrating field-generated data with higher-level management systems is to reduce
production costs. At the same time integrated data helps maintain or even increase the
quantity and quality of production. A correct network installation is an important prerequisite
for communications availability, reliability, and performance. This requires proper
consideration of safety and security conditions and environmental aspects such as
mechanical, liquid, particulate, climatic, chemicals and electromagnetic interference.
The specifications of these communication networks are provided in the following standards.
ISO/IEC 24702 specifies design of generic telecommunications infrastructures within
industrial premises and provides the foundations for some of the transmission performance
specifications of this standard. ISO/IEC 24702 specifies only the raw bandwidth capability of a
channel; it does not specify useful data transfer rate for a specific network using that channel
or expected errors after taking account of interference during the communication process.
IEC 61158 fieldbus standard and IEC 62006 and their companion standard IEC 61784
(including parts 1, 2, 3, 4 and relevant subparts) jointly specify several CPs suitable for
industrial automation. These CPs specify a raw bandwidth capability and in addition, they
specify bit modulation and encoding rules for their fieldbus. Some profiles also specify target
levels for useful data transfer rate, and maximum values for errors caused by interference
during the communication process.
This standard provides a consistent set of installation rules for industrial premises as regards
both generic cabling (of the telecommunication infrastructures) and fieldbuses. In addition, it
offers support for the definition and installation of the interfaces between automation island
networks and generic cabling. One of the problems it seeks to solve is the situation created
when different parts of a large automation site are provided by suppliers that use non-
homogeneous installation guidelines having different structures and contents. This lack of
consistency greatly increases the potential for errors and mismatch situations liable to
compromise the communication system.
This standard was developed by harmonising the approaches of several user groups and
industrial consortia.
This standard provides a common point of reference for the installation of the media of most
used industrial communication networks for most industrial sites. The standard covers the life
cycle of an installation in the following clauses (see the map of the standard in Figure 1):
• Clause 4: Installation planning;
• Clause 5: Installation implementation;
• Clause 6: Installation verification and acceptance test;
• Clause 7: Installation administration;
• Clause 8: Installation maintenance and troubleshoo
...