Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4-41: Protection for safety - Protection against electric shock

IEC 60364-4-41:2005 Specifies essential requirements regarding protection against electric shock of persons and livestock. It deals also with the application and co-ordination of these requirements in relation to external influences. Requirements are also given for the application of additional protection in certain cases.

Installations électriques à basse tension - Partie 4-41: Protection pour assurer la sécurité - Protection contre les chocs électriques

IEC 60364-4-41:2005 Spécifie des exigences essentielles relatives à la protection contre les chocs électriques des personnes et des animaux domestiques. Elle traite de l'application et de la coordination de ces exigences en liaison avec les conditions des influences externes. Les exigences relatives à la protection complémentaire sont données dans certains cas.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Dec-2005
Current Stage
PPUB - Publication issued
Start Date
15-Dec-2005
Completion Date
28-Feb-2006
Ref Project

Relations

Overview

IEC 60364-4-41:2005 (Fifth edition) is the IEC group safety publication that specifies essential requirements for protection against electric shock in low-voltage electrical installations. Based on the fundamental principles of IEC 61140, it defines how to provide both basic protection (protection under normal conditions) and fault protection (protection under single-fault conditions) for persons and livestock, and how these protections must be applied and coordinated with respect to external influences. The standard is widely used for building installations, industrial premises and special locations where electric-shock risk must be controlled.

Key topics and requirements

  • Protective measures - Presents acceptable protective approaches, including:
    • Automatic disconnection of supply (most common measure)
    • Double or reinforced insulation
    • Electrical separation for single items of equipment
    • Extra-low-voltage systems (SELV and PELV/FELV)
  • Basic vs. fault protection - Clarifies the combination of independent provisions required to protect under normal and single-fault conditions, or the use of an enhanced protective provision (e.g., reinforced insulation) that covers both.
  • Earthing and system types - Sets requirements and coordination for different supply systems (TN, TT, IT), including how disconnection and protective devices must be applied.
  • Residual current devices (RCDs) - Specifies conditions where additional protection by RCDs (for example 30 mA for socket-outlets in certain cases) is required.
  • Special locations and external influences - Addresses adjustments and additional protection when installations face specific environmental or usage conditions; cross-references Part 7 of IEC 60364.
  • Normative annexes - Includes provisions for direct-contact protection (Annex A), obstacles and placing out of reach (Annex B), supervised installations (Annex C), and correspondence with earlier editions (Annex D).
  • Verification and coordination - Guidance for applying requirements to wiring systems, bonding, selection of protective devices and verification procedures.

Practical applications and users

Who uses IEC 60364-4-41:

  • Electrical designers and consulting engineers specifying safe low-voltage installations
  • Installation contractors and electricians implementing protection measures
  • Safety engineers, inspectors and regulatory authorities assessing compliance
  • Facility managers and building owners responsible for operational safety

Typical use cases:

  • Selecting and coordinating protective devices and earthing arrangements (TN/TT/IT)
  • Deciding when to apply RCDs, SELV/PELV, or reinforced insulation
  • Preparing installation documentation, verification tests and compliance reports
  • Applying special protective measures in hazardous or supervised areas

Related standards

  • IEC 61140 - Protection against electric shock (fundamental principles)
  • IEC 60364 series - Other Parts (e.g., Part 5-52 wiring systems, Part 5-54 earthing/bonding, Part 6 verification)
  • Standards for equipment and transformers referenced within the standard

Keywords: IEC 60364-4-41, protection against electric shock, low-voltage electrical installations, automatic disconnection of supply, RCD, SELV, PELV, double insulation, TN TT IT systems, basic protection, fault protection.

Standard
IEC 60364-4-41:2005 - Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4-41: Protection for safety - Protection against electric shock Released:12/15/2005
English language
32 pages
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Standard
IEC 60364-4-41:2005 - Installations électriques à basse tension - Partie 4-41: Protection pour assurer la sécurité - Protection contre les chocs électriques Released:12/15/2005
French language
32 pages
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Standard
IEC 60364-4-41:2005+AMD1:2017 CSV/COR1:2018 - Corrigendum 1 - Low voltage electrical installations - Part 4-41: Protection for safety - Protection against electric shock Released:2/26/2018
English and French language
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IEC 60364-4-41:2005 - Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4-41: Protection for safety - Protection against electric shock
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IEC 60364-4-41:2005+AMD1:2017 CSV - Low voltage electrical installations - Part 4-41: Protection for safety - Protection against electric shock Released:3/17/2017 Isbn:9782832241264
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Standards Content (Sample)


INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD 60364-4-41
Fifth edition
2005-12
GROUP SAFETY PUBLICATION
Low-voltage electrical installations –
Part 4-41:
Protection for safety –
Protection against electric shock

This English-language version is derived from the original
bilingual publication by leaving out all French-language
pages. Missing page numbers correspond to the French-
language pages.
Reference number
Publication numbering
As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a designation in the

60000 series. For example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.

Consolidated editions
The IEC is now publishing consolidated versions of its publications. For example,

edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the

base publication incorporating amendment 1 and the base publication incorporating

amendments 1 and 2.
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thus ensuring that the content reflects current technology. Information relating to
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INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD 60364-4-41
Fifth edition
2005-12
GROUP SAFETY PUBLICATION
Low-voltage electrical installations –
Part 4-41:
Protection for safety –
Protection against electric shock

© IEC 2005 Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
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60364-4-41  IEC:2005 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5

410 Introduction .9

410.1 Scope .11

410.2 Normative references .11

410.3 General requirements .13

411 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply .15

411.1 General .15
411.2 Requirements for basic protection .17
411.3 Requirements for fault protection .17
411.4 TN systems.21
411.5 TT systems.23
411.6 IT systems.25
411.7 Functional extra-low voltage (FELV) .29
412 Protective measure: double or reinforced insulation.31
412.1 General .31
412.2 Requirements for basic protection and fault protection (protection against
indirect contact).33
413 Protective measure: electrical separation .37
413.1 General .37
413.2 Requirements for basic protection .37
413.3 Requirements for fault protection .37
414 Protective measure: extra-low-voltage provided by SELV and PELV.39
414.1 General .39
414.2 Requirements for basic protection and fault protection .39
414.3 Sources for SELV and PELV.41
414.4 Requirements for SELV and PELV circuits.41
415 Additional protection.43
415.1 Additional protection: residual current protective devices (RCDs) .45
415.2 Additional protection: supplementary protective equipotential bonding.45

Annex A (normative) Provisions for basic protection (protection against direct contact) .47

Annex B (normative) Obstacles and placing out of reach .51
Annex C (normative) Protective measures for application only when the installation is
controlled or under the supervision of skilled or instructed persons.55
Annex D (informative) Correspondence between IEC 60364-4-41(2001) and the present
standard.…. .61

Bibliography.65

Figure B.1 – Zone of arm's reach .53

Table 41.1 – Maximum disconnection times .19
Table D.1 – Correspondence between IEC 60364-4-41:2001 and the present standard .61

60364-4-41  IEC:2005 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

____________
LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS –

Part 4-41: Protection for safety –

Protection against electric shock

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
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3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
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between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
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8) Attention is drawn to the normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60364-4-41 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 64:
Electrical installations and protection against electric shock.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition, published in 2001, and constitutes a
technical revision.
The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below:
– adoption of IEC 61140 terminology;
– layout rationalized on basis of complete protective measures (i.e. appropriate practical
combinations of protective provision in normal service (direct contact protection) and
protective provision in case of a fault (indirect contact protection);

60364-4-41  IEC:2005 – 7 –
– requirements of 471 and 481, which were included in the fourth edition have been

rationalized
– disconnection requirements for TT systems clarified;

– IT systems considered more fully;

– requirements in certain cases for additional protection of socket-outlets by means of a

30 mA RCD, where the protective measure is automatic disconnection of supply.

The text of this standard is based on the following documents:

FDIS Report on voting
64/1489/FDIS 64/1500/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
It has the status of a group safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.
The Part 4 series comprises the following parts under the general title Low-voltage electrical
installations:
Part 4-41: Protection for safety – Protection against electric shock
Part 4-42: Protection for safety – Protection against thermal effects
Part 4-43: Protection for safety – Protection against overcurrent
Part 4-44: Protection for safety – Protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic
disturbances
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
60364-4-41  IEC:2005 – 9 –
410 Introduction
This Part 4-41 of IEC 60364 deals with protection against electric shock as applied to

electrical installations. It is based on IEC 61140 which is a basic safety standard that applies

to the protection of persons and livestock. IEC 61140 is intended to give fundamental

principles and requirements that are common to electrical installations and equipment or are

necessary for their co-ordination.

The fundamental rule of protection against electric shock, according to IEC 61140, is that

hazardous-live-parts must not be accessible and accessible conductive parts must not be

hazardous live, neither under normal conditions nor under single fault conditions.
According to 4.2 of IEC 61140, protection under normal conditions is provided by basic
protective provisions and protection under single fault conditions is provided by fault
protective provisions. Alternatively, protection against electric shock is provided by an
enhanced protective provision, which provides protection under normal conditions and under
single fault conditions.
This standard has the status of a group safety publication (GSP) for protection against electric
shock.
In the fourth edition of IEC 60364 (2001):
– protection under normal conditions (now designated basic protection) was referred to as
protection against direct contact and
– protection under fault conditions (now designated fault protection) was referred to as
protection against indirect contact.

60364-4-41  IEC:2005 – 11 –
LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS –

Part 4-41: Protection for safety –

Protection against electric shock

410.1 Scope
Part 4-41 of IEC 60364 specifies essential requirements regarding protection against electric

shock, including basic protection (protection against direct contact) and fault protection
(protection against indirect contact) of persons and livestock. It deals also with the application
and co-ordination of these requirements in relation to external influences.
Requirements are also given for the application of additional protection in certain cases.
410.2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60364-5-52, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-52: Selection and erection of
)
electrical equipment – Wiring systems
IEC 60364-5-54, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-54: Selection and erection of
electrical equipment – Earthing arrangements, protective conductors and protective bonding
conductors
)
IEC 60364-6, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 6: Verification
IEC 60439-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies – Part 1: Type-tested and
partially type-tested assemblies
IEC 60449, Voltage bands for electrical installations of buildings
IEC 60614 (all parts), Conduits for electrical installations – Specification
IEC 61084 (all parts), Cable trunking and ducting systems for electrical installations

IEC 61140, Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and equipment
IEC 61386 (all parts), Conduit systems for electrical installations
IEC 61558-2-6, Safety of power transformers, power supply units and similar – Part 2-6:
Particular requirements for safety isolating transformers for general use
IEC Guide 104, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications
and group safety publications
———————
)
A new edition is currently under consideration.
2)
To be published.
60364-4-41  IEC:2005 – 13 –
410.3 General requirements
410.3.1 In this standard the following specification of voltages is intended unless otherwise

stated:
– a.c. voltages are r.m.s.;
– d.c. voltages are ripple-free.

Ripple-free is conventionally defined as an r.m.s. ripple voltage of not more than 10 % of the

d.c. component.
410.3.2 A protective measure shall consist of
– an appropriate combination of a provision for basic protection and an independent
provision for fault protection, or
– an enhanced protective provision which provides both basic protection and fault
protection.
Additional protection is specified as part of a protective measure under certain conditions of
external influences and in certain special locations (see the corresponding Part 7 of
IEC 60364).
NOTE 1 For special applications, protective measures which do not follow this concept are permitted (see 410.3.5
and 410.3.6).
NOTE 2 An example of an enhanced protective measure is reinforced insulation.
410.3.3 In each part of an installation one or more protective measures shall be applied,
taking account of the conditions of external influence.
The following protective measures generally are permitted:
– automatic disconnection of supply (Clause 411),
– double or reinforced insulation (Clause 412),
– electrical separation for the supply of one item of current-using equipment (Clause 413),
– extra-low-voltage (SELV and PELV) (Clause 414).
The protective measures applied in the installation shall be considered in the selection and
erection of equipment.
For particular installations see 410.3.4 to 410.3.9.

NOTE In electrical installations the most commonly used protective measure is automatic disconnection of supply.
410.3.4 For special installations or locations, the particular protective measures in the
corresponding Part 7 of IEC 60364 shall be applied.
410.3.5 The protective measures, specified in Annex B, i.e. the use of obstacles and placing
out of reach, shall only be used in installations accessible to
– skilled or instructed persons, or
– persons under the supervision of skilled or instructed persons.

60364-4-41  IEC:2005 – 15 –
410.3.6 The protective measures, specified in Annex C, i.e.

– non-conducting location,
– earth-free local equipotential bonding,

– electrical separation for the supply of more than one item of current-using equipment,

may be applied only when the installation is under the supervision of skilled or instructed
persons so that unauthorized changes cannot be made.

410.3.7 If certain conditions of a protective measure cannot be met, supplementary
provisions shall be applied so that the protective provisions together achieve the same degree

of safety.
NOTE An example of the application of this rule is given in 411.7.
410.3.8 Different protective measures applied to the same installation or part of an
installation or within equipment shall have no influence on each other such that failure of one
protective measure could impair the other protective measures.
410.3.9 The provision for fault protection (protection against indirect contact) may be omitted
for the following equipment:
– metal supports of overhead line insulators which are attached to the building and are
placed out of arm’s reach;
– steel reinforced concrete poles of overhead lines in which the steel reinforcement is not
accessible;
– exposed-conductive-parts which, owing to their reduced dimensions (approximately
50 mm x 50 mm) or their disposition cannot be gripped or come into significant contact
with a part of the human body and provided that connection with a protective conductor
could only be made with difficulty or would be unreliable.
NOTE 1 This exemption applies, for example, to bolts, rivets, nameplates and cable clips.
NOTE 2 In the USA, all exposed-conductive-parts are bonded to the protective conductor.
– metal tubes or other metal enclosures protecting equipment in accordance with
Clause 412.
411 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply
411.1 General
Automatic disconnection of supply is a protective measure in which
– basic protection is provided by basic insulation of live parts or by barriers or enclosures, in
accordance with Annex A, and
– fault protection is provided by protective equipotential bonding and automatic
.
disconnection in case of a fault in accordance with 411.3 to 411.6
NOTE 1 Where this protective measure is applied, Class II equipment may also be used.
Where specified, additional protection is provided by a residual current protective device
(RCD) with rated residual operating current not exceeding 30 mA in accordance with 415.1.
NOTE 2 Residual current monitors (RCMs) are not protective devices but they may be used to monitor residual
currents in electrical installations. RCMs produce an audible or audible and visual signal when a preselected value
of residual current is exceeded

60364-4-41  IEC:2005 – 17 –
411.2 Requirements for basic protection

All electrical equipment shall comply with one of the provisions for basic protection (protection

against direct contact) described in Annex A or, where appropriate, Annex B.

411.3 Requirements for fault protection

411.3.1 Protective earthing and protective equipotential bonding

411.3.1.1 Protective earthing
Exposed-conductive-parts shall be connected to a protective conductor under the specific

conditions for each type of system earthing as specified in 411.4 to 411.6.
Simultaneously accessible exposed-conductive-parts shall be connected to the same earthing
system individually, in groups or collectively.
Conductors for protective earthing shall comply with IEC 60364-5-54.
Each circuit shall have available a protective conductor connected to the relevant earthing
terminal.
411.3.1.2 Protective equipotential bonding
In each building the earthing conductor, the main earthing terminal and the following
conductive parts shall be connected to the protective equipotential bonding:
– metallic pipes supplying services into the building, e.g. gas, water;
– structural extraneous-conductive-parts if accessible in normal use, metallic central heating
and air-conditioning systems.
– metallic reinforcements of constructional reinforced concrete, if reasonably practicable.
Where such conductive parts originate outside the building, they shall be bonded as close as
practicable to their point of entry within the building.
Conductors for protective equipotential bonding shall comply with IEC 60364-5-54.
Any metallic sheath of telecommunication cables shall be connected to the protective
equipotential bonding, taking account of the requirements of the owners or operators of these
cables.
411.3.2 Automatic disconnection in case of a fault
411.3.2.1 Except as provided by 411.3.2.5 and 411.3.2.6, a protective device shall
automatically interrupt the supply to the line conductor of a circuit or equipment in the event of
a fault of negligible impedance between the line conductor and an exposed-conductive-part or
a protective conductor in the circuit or equipment within the disconnection time required in
411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3 or 411.3.2.4.
NOTE 1 Higher values of disconnection time than those required in this subclause may be admitted in systems for
electricity distribution to the public and power generation and transmission for such systems.
NOTE 2 Lower values of disconnection time may be required for special installations or locations according to the
relevant Part 7 of IEC 60364.
NOTE 3 For IT systems, automatic disconnection is not usually required on the occurrence of a first fault (see
411.6.1). For the requirements for disconnection after the first fault see 411.6.4.
NOTE 4 In Belgium 411.3.2.3 is not applicable. The Belgian Wiring Rules (AREI-RGIE) do not specify differences
in automatic disconnection times between distribution circuits and final circuits.
NOTE 5 In Norway for an installation forming part of an IT system and supplied from a public network, automatic
disconnection at the first fault is required

60364-4-41  IEC:2005 – 19 –
411.3.2.2 The maximum disconnection time stated in Table 41.1 shall be applied to final
circuits not exceeding 32A.
Table 41.1 – Maximum disconnection times

System 50 V < U ≤ 120 V 120 V < U ≤ 230 V 230 V < U ≤ 400 V U > 400 V
o o o o
s
s s s
a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c.

TN 0,8 Note 1 0,4 5 0,2 0,4 0,1 0,1

TT 0,3 Note 1 0,2 0,4 0,07 0,2 0,04 0,1

Where in TT systems the disconnection is achieved by an overcurrent protective device and the protective
equipotential bonding is connected with all extraneous-conductive-parts within the installation, the maximum
disconnection times applicable to TN systems may be used.
U is the nominal a.c. or d.c. line to earth voltage.
o
NOTE 1 Disconnection may be required for reasons other than protection against electric shock.
NOTE 2 Where disconnection is provided by an RCD see Note to 411.4.4, Note 4 to 411.5.3 and Note to 411.6.4
b).
NOTE 3 In Belgium, the last column U >400 V is not applicable. Above 400 V, the Belgian safety curve as
o
given in the Belgian Wiring Rules applies.
NOTE 4 In the Netherlands the maximum disconnection time stated in Table 41.1 is applied to all circuits not
exceeding 32 A and all circuits supplying socket-outlets.
NOTE 5 In China the maximum disconnecting time stated in Table 41.1 is applied to final circuits which supply
hand-held equipment or portable equipment.

411.3.2.3 In TN systems, a disconnection time not exceeding 5 s is permitted for distribution
circuits, and for circuits not covered by 411.3.2.2.
411.3.2.4 In TT systems, a disconnection time not exceeding 1 s is permitted for distribution
circuits and for circuits not covered by 411.3.2.2.
411.3.2.5 For systems with nominal voltage U greater than 50 V a.c. or 120 V d.c.,
o
automatic disconnection in the time required by 411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3 or 411.3.2.4 as
appropriate is not required if in the event of a fault to a protective conductor or earth, the
output voltage of the source is reduced in not more than 5 s to 50 V a.c. or 120 V d.c. or less.
In such cases consideration shall be given to disconnection as required for reasons other than
electric shock.
411.3.2.6 If automatic disconnection according to 411.3.2.1 cannot be achieved in the time
required by 411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3, or 411.3.2.4 as appropriate, supplementary protective
equipotential bonding shall be provided in accordance with 415.2.
411.3.3 Additional protection
In a.c. systems, additional protection by means of a residual current protective device (RCD)
in accordance with 415.1 shall be provided for
– socket-outlets with a rated current not exceeding 20 A that are for use by ordinary persons
and are intended for general use; and
NOTE 1 An exemption may be made for:
− socket-outlets for use under the supervision of skilled or instructed persons, e.g., in some commercial or
industrial locations or
− a specific socket-outlet provided for connection of a particular item of equipment.
NOTE 2 In Spain and Ireland additional protection is provided for socket-outlets with a rated current up to
32 A intended for use by ordinary persons.

60364-4-41  IEC:2005 – 21 –
NOTE 3 In Belgium, every electrical installation under the supervision of ordinary persons must be protected

by a RCD with a rated operating residual current not exceeding 300 mA; for circuits supplying bathrooms,
washing machines, dishwashers, etc, an additional protection by means of a RCD with a rated residual

operating current not exceeding 30 mA is mandatory; the above is valid for electrical installations of which the

earthing resistance is lower than 30 Ω; in case of earthing resistance higher than 30 Ω and lower than 100 Ω,

additional RCDs with a rated operating residual current not exceeding 100 mA should be provided. An earthing
resistance higher than 100 Ω is not permitted.

NOTE 4 In Norway all commercial and industrial companies are covered by regulations requiring procedures
for qualifications and training of employees. Except for areas open for the public, socket-outlets in such

locations are normally not considered to be for general use of ordinary people. Socket-outlets in dwellings and

BA2 locations are intended for general use by ordinary people.

NOTE 5 In China a 30 mA RCD is not required for the socket-outlet supplying air conditioning equipment and
erected in position not accessible to persons.

– mobile equipment with a current rating not exceeding 32 A for use outdoors.
411.4 TN system
411.4.1 In TN systems the integrity of the earthing of the installation depends on the reliable
and effective connection of the PEN or PE conductors to earth. Where the earthing is
provided from a public or other supply system, compliance with the necessary conditions
external to the installation is the responsibility of the supply network operator.
NOTE 1 Examples of conditions include:
− the PEN is connected to earth at a number of points and is installed in such a way as to minimize the risk of a
break in the PEN conductor;
− R /R ≤ 50/(U – 50)
B E 0
where
R is the earth electrode resistance, in ohms, of all earth electrodes in parallel;
B
R is the minimum contact resistance with earth, in ohms, of extraneous-conductive-parts not connected to a
E
protective conductor, through which a fault between line and earth may occur;
U is the nominal a.c. r.m.s. voltage to earth, in volts.
o
NOTE 2 In Germany compliance with condition R /R ≤ 50 / (U – 50) is compulsory for the supply network
B E o
operator.
411.4.2 The neutral point or the midpoint of the power supply system shall be earthed. If a
neutral point or midpoint is not available or not accessible, a line conductor shall be earthed.
Exposed-conductive-parts of the installation shall be connected by a protective conductor to
the main earthing terminal of the installation which shall be connected to the earthed point of
the power supply system.
NOTE 1 If other effective earth connections exist, it is recommended that the protective conductors also be
connected to such points wherever possible. Earthing at additional points, distributed as evenly as possible, may
be necessary to ensure that the potentials of protective conductors remain, in case of a fault, as near as possible
to that of earth.
In large buildings such as high-rise buildings, additional earthing of protective conductors is not possible for
practical reasons. In such buildings protective-equipotential-bonding between protective conductors and
extraneous-conductive-parts has, however, a similar function.
NOTE 2 It is recommended that protective conductors (PE and PEN) should be earthed where they enter any
buildings or premises taking account of any diverted neutral currents.
411.4.3 In fixed installations, a single conductor may serve both as a protective conductor
and as a neutral conductor (PEN conductor) provided that the requirements of 543.4 of
IEC 60364-5-54 are satisfied. No switching or isolating device shall be inserted in the PEN
conductor.
60364-4-41  IEC:2005 – 23 –
NOTE 1 In Switzerland the main building overcurrent protective device with integrated isolating device in the PEN

conductor forms the interface between the network and the installation of the building.

NOTE 2 In Norway, the use of a PEN conductor downstream of the main distribution board is not allowed.

411.4.4 The characteristics of the protective devices (see 411.4.5) and the circuit

impedances shall fulfil the following requirement:

Z × I ≤ U
s a o
where
Z is the impedance in ohms (Ω) of the fault loop comprising
s
– the source,
– the line conductor up to the point of the fault, and
– the protective conductor between the point of the fault and the source;
I is the current in amperes (A) causing the automatic operation of the disconnecting device
a
within the time specified in 411.3.2.2,or 411.3.2.3. When a residual current protective
device (RCD) is used this current is the residual operating current providing disconnection
in the time specified in 411.3.2.2,or 411.3.2.3:
U is the nominal a.c. or d.c. line to earth voltage in volts (V).
o
NOTE Where compliance with this subclause is provided by an RCD, the disconnecting times in accordance with
Table 41.1 relate to prospective residual fault currents significantly higher than the rated residual operating current
of the RCD (typically 5 I ).
∆n
411.4.5 In TN systems, the following protective devices may be used for fault protection
(protection against indirect contact):
– overcurrent protective devices;
– residual current protective devices (RCDs).
NOTE 1 Where an RCD is used for fault protection the circuit should also be protected by an overcurrent
protective device in accordance with IEC 60364-4-43.
A residual current protective device (RCD) shall not be used in TN-C systems.
Where an RCD is used in a TN-C-S system, a PEN conductor shall not be used on the load
side. The connection of the protective conductor to the PEN conductor shall be made on the
source side of the RCD.
NOTE 2 Where discrimination between RCDs is necessary, see 535.3 of IEC 60364-5-53.
411.5 TT system
411.5.1 All exposed-conductive-parts collectively protected by the same protective device
shall be connected by the protective conductors to an earth electrode common to all those
parts. Where several protective devices are utilized in series, this requirement applies
separately to all the exposed-conductive-parts protected by each device.
The neutral point or the mid-point of the power supply system shall be earthed. If a neutral
point or mid-point is not available or not accessible, a line conductor shall be earthed.
NOTE In the Netherlands the resistance of the earth electrode should be as low as practicable, but in any case
not exceeding 166 Ω.
411.5.2 Generally in TT systems, RCDs shall be used for fault protection . Alternatively,
overcurrent protective devices may be used for fault protection provided a suitably low value
of Z is permanently and reliably assured.
s
60364-4-41  IEC:2005 – 25 –
NOTE 1 Where an RCD is used for fault protection the circuit should also be protected by an overcurrent

protective device in accordance with IEC 60364-4-43.

NOTE 2 The use of fault-voltage operated protective devices is not covered by this standard.

NOTE 3 In the Netherlands where an earthing system is used for more than one electrical installation compliance

with 411.5.3 shall remain effective in case of

– any single break of the earthing system,

– failure of any residual current protective device (RCD).

411.5.3 Where a residual current protective device (RCD) is used for fault protection, the

following conditions shall be fulfilled:

i) the disconnection time as required by 411.3.2.2 or 411.3.2.4, and
ii) R x I ≤ 50 V
A Δn
where
R is the sum of the resistance in Ω of the earth electrode and the protective conductor for
A
the exposed conductive-parts,
I is the rated residual operating current of the RCD.
∆n
NOTE 1 Fault protection is provided in this case also if the fault impedance is not negligible.
NOTE 2 Where discrimination between RCDs is necessary see 535.3 of IEC 60364-5-53.
NOTE 3 Where R is not known, it may be replaced by Z .

A S
NOTE 4 The disconnection times in accordance with Table 41.1 relate to prospective residual fault currents
significantly higher than the rated residual operating current of the RCD (typically 5 I ).
∆n
411.5.4 Where an over-current protective device is used the following condition shall be
fulfilled:
Z × / ≤ U
s a o
where
Z is the impedance in Ω of the fault loop comprising
s
− the source,
− the line conductor up to the point of the fault,
− the protective conductor of the exposed-conductive-parts,
− the earthing conductor,
− the earth electrode of the installation and
− the earth electrode of the source;
I is the current in A causing the automatic operation of the disconnecting device within the
a
time specified in 411.3.2.2 or 411.3.2.4;

U is the nominal a.c. or d.c. line to earth voltage.
o
411.6 IT system
411.6.1 In IT systems live parts shall be insulated from earth or connected to earth through
a sufficiently high impedance. This connection may be made either at the neutral point or mid-
point of the system or at an artificial neutral point. The latter may be connected directly to
earth if the resulting impedance to earth is sufficiently high at the system frequency. Where
no neutral point or mid-point exists, a line conductor may be connected to earth through a
high impedance.
The fault current is then low in the event of a single fault to an exposed-conductive-part or to
earth and automatic disconnection in accordance with 411.3.2 is not imperative provided the
condition in 411.6.2 is fulfilled. Provisions shall be taken, however, to avoid risk of harmful
pathophysiological effects on a person in contact with simultaneously accessible exposed-
conductive-parts in the event of two faults existing simultaneously.

60364-4-41  IEC:2005 – 27 –
NOTE 1 To reduce overvoltage or to damp voltage oscillation, it may be necessary to provide earthing through

impedances or artificial neutral points, and the characteristics of these should be appropriate to the requirements
of the installation.
NOTE 2 In Norway, where more installations are likely to have galvanic connection to the same distribution
network, all final circuits in IT installations with galvanic connection to a public IT distribution network need to be

disconnected within the time specified for a TN system (see Table 41.1) in the event of a fault of negligible

impedance between the line conductor and an exposed-conductive-part or a protective conductor in the circuit or
equipment.
411.6.2 Exposed-conductive-parts shall be earthed individually, in groups, or collectively.

The following condition shall be fulfilled:

– in a.c. systems R × I ≤ 50 V
A d
– in d.c. systems R × I ≤ 120 V
A d
where
R is the sum of the resistance in Ω of the earth electrode and protective conductor for the
A
exposed-conductive-parts;
I is the fault current in A of the first fault of negligible impedance between a line
d
conductor and an exposed-conductive-part. The value of I takes account of leakage
d
currents and the total earthing impedance of the electrical installation.
411.6.3 In IT systems the following monitoring devices and protective devices may be used:
– insulation monitoring devices (IMDs);
– residual current monitoring devices (RCMs)
– insulation fault location systems;
– overcurrent protective devices;
– residual current protective devices (RCDs).
NOTE Where a residual current operating device (RCD) is used, tripping of the RCD in event of a first fault cannot
be excluded due to capacitive leakage currents.
411.6.3.1 In cases where an IT system is used for reasons of continuity of supply, an
insulation monitoring device shall be provided to indicate the occurrence of a first fault from a
live part to exposed-conductive-parts or to earth. This device shall initiate an audible and/or
visual signal which shall continue as long as the fault persists.
If there are both audible and visible signals, it is permissible for the audible signal to be
cancelled.
NOTE 1 It is recommended that a first fault be eliminated with the shortest practicable delay.
NOTE 2 In the Netherlands for an IT supply system used for reasons of continuity of supply, and where the
system is connected to earth through an impedance (see 411.6.1), an RCM may be provided to monitor the system
instead of an IMD.
411.6.3.2 Except where a protective device is installed to interrupt the supply in the event of
the first earth fault, an RCM or an insulation fault location system may be provided to indicate
the occurrence of a first fault from a live part to exposed-conductive-parts or to earth. This
device shall initiate an audible and/or visual signal, which shall continue as long as the fault
persists.
If there are both audible and visual signals it is permissible for the audible signal to be
cancelled, but the visual alarm shall continue as long as the fault persists.
NOTE It is recommended that a first fault be eliminated with the shortest practicable delay.

60364-4-41  IEC:2005 – 29 –
411.6.4 After the occurrence of a first fault, conditions for automatic disconnection of supply
in the event of a second fault occurring on a different live conductor shall be as follows:

a) Where exposed-conductive-parts are interconnected by a protective conductor collectively

earthed to the same earthing system, the conditions similar to a TN system apply and the

following conditions shall be fulfilled where the neutral conductor is not distributed in a.c.

systems and in d.c. systems where the mid-point conductor is not distributed:

2I Z ≤ U
a s
or where the neutral conductor or mid-point conductor respectively is distributed:

2I Z’ ≤ U
a s o
where
U is the nominal a.c. or d.c. voltage, in V, between line conductor and neutral
o
conductor or mid-point conductor, as appropriate;
U is the nominal a.c. or d.c. voltage in V between line conductors;
Z is the impedance in Ω of the fault loop comprising the line conductor and the
s
protective conductor of the circuit;
Z′ is the impedance in Ω of the fault loop comprising the neutral conductor and the
s
protective conductor of the circuit;
I is the current in A causing operation of the protective device within the time required
a
in 411.3.2.2 for TN systems or 411.3.2.3.
NOTE 1 The time stated in Table 41.1 of 411.3.2.2 for the TN system is applicable to IT systems with a
distributed or non-distributed neutral conductor or mid-point conductor.
NOTE 2 The factor 2 in both formulas takes into account that in the event of the simultaneous occurrence of two
faults, the faults may exist in different circuits.
NOTE 3 For fault loop impedance, the most severe case should be taken into account, e.g. a fault on the line
conductor at the source and simultaneously another fault on the neutral conductor of a current-using equipment of
the circuit considered.
b) Where the exposed-conductive-parts are earthed in groups or individually, the following
condition applies:
R × I ≤ 50 V
A
a
where
R is the sum of the resistances of the earth electrode and the protective conductor to the
A
exposed-conductive-parts,
I is th
...


NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE 60364-4-41
Cinquième édition
2005-12
PUBLICATION GROUPÉE DE SÉCURITÉ
Installations électriques à basse tension –
Partie 4-41:
Protection pour assurer la sécurité –
Protection contre les chocs électriques

Cette version française découle de la publication d’origine
bilingue dont les pages anglaises ont été supprimées.
Les numéros de page manquants sont ceux des pages
supprimées.
Numéro de référence
CEI 60364-4-41:2005(F)
Numérotation des publications
Depuis le 1er janvier 1997, les publications de la CEI sont numérotées à partir de

60000. Ainsi, la CEI 34-1 devient la CEI 60034-1.

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amendements sont disponibles. Par exemple, les numéros d’édition 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2

indiquent respectivement la publication de base, la publication de base incorporant

l’amendement 1, et la publication de base incorporant les amendements 1 et 2

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NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE 60364-4-41
Cinquième édition
2005-12
PUBLICATION GROUPÉE DE SÉCURITÉ
Installations électriques à basse tension –
Partie 4-41:
Protection pour assurer la sécurité –
Protection contre les chocs électriques

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Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
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Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur

– 2 – 60364-4-41  CEI:2005
SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS.4

410 Introduction .8

410.1 Domaine d’application .10

410.2 Références normatives.10

410.3 Exigences générales .12

411 Mesure de protection: coupure automatique de l’alimentation.14

411.1 Généralités.14
411.2 Exigences pour la protection principale .16
411.3 Exigences pour la protection en cas de défaut.16
411.4Schéma TN.20
411.5 Schéma TT.22
411.6 Schéma IT.24
411.7 Très basse tension fonctionnelle (TBTF) .28
412 Mesure de protection: isolation double ou renforcée.30
412.1 Généralités.30
412.2 Exigences pour la protection principale et pour la protection en cas de défaut .32
413 Mesure de protection: séparation électrique .36
413.1 Généralités.36
413.2 Exigences pour la protection principale .36
413.3 Exigences pour la protection en cas de défaut.36
414 Protection par très basse tension (TBTS et TBTP).38
414.1 Généralités.38
414.2 Exigences pour la protection principale et pour la protection en cas de défaut .38
414.3 Sources pour TBTS et TBTP .40
414.4 Exigences pour les circuits TBTS et TBTP.40
415 Protection complémentaire .42
415.1 Protection complémentaire par dispositifs à courant différentiel-résiduel .44
415.2 Protection complémentaire: liaison équipotentielle supplémentaire.44

Annexe A (normative) Dispositions pour la protection principale .46
Annexe B (normative) Obstacles et mise hors de portée .50
Annexe C (normative) Mesures de protection dans des installations sous condition de
surveillance par des personnes qualifiées.54
Annexe D (informative) Correspondance entre la CEI 60364-4-41:2001 et la présente
norme .60

Bibliographie.64

Figure B.1 – Volume d'accessibilité.52

Tableau 41.1 – Temps de coupure maximaux .18
Tableau D.1 – Correspondance entre la CEI 60364-4-41:2001 et la présente norme.60

– 4 – 60364-4-41  CEI:2005
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE

____________
INSTALLATIONS ÉLECTRIQUES À BASSE TENSION –

Partie 4-41: Protection pour assurer la sécurité –

Protection contre les chocs électriques

AVANT-PROPOS
1) La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation
composée de l'ensemble des comités électrotechniques nationaux (Comités nationaux de la CEI). La CEI a
pour objet de favoriser la coopération internationale pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans les
domaines de l'électricité et de l'électronique. A cet effet, la CEI – entre autres activités – publie des Normes
internationales, des Spécifications techniques, des Rapports techniques, des Spécifications accessibles au
public (PAS) et des Guides (ci-après dénommés "Publication(s) de la CEI"). Leur élaboration est confiée à des
comités d'études, aux travaux desquels tout Comité national intéressé par le sujet traité peut participer. Les
organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec la CEI, participent
également aux travaux. La CEI collabore étroitement avec l'Organisation Internationale de Normalisation (ISO),
selon des conditions fixées par accord entre les deux organisations.
2) Les décisions ou accords officiels de la CEI concernant les questions techniques représentent, dans la mesure
du possible, un accord international sur les sujets étudiés, étant donné que les Comités nationaux de la CEI
intéressés sont représentés dans chaque comité d’études.
3) Les Publications de la CEI se présentent sous la forme de recommandations internationales et sont agréées
comme telles par les Comités nationaux de la CEI. Tous les efforts raisonnables sont entrepris afin que la CEI
s'assure de l'exactitude du contenu technique de ses publications; la CEI ne peut pas être tenue responsable
de l'éventuelle mauvaise utilisation ou interprétation qui en est faite par un quelconque utilisateur final.
4) Dans le but d'encourager l'uniformité internationale, les Comités nationaux de la CEI s'engagent, dans toute la
mesure possible, à appliquer de façon transparente les Publications de la CEI dans leurs publications
nationales et régionales. Toutes divergences entre toutes Publications de la CEI et toutes publications
nationales ou régionales correspondantes doivent être indiquées en termes clairs dans ces dernières.
5) La CEI n’a prévu aucune procédure de marquage valant indication d’approbation et n'engage pas sa
responsabilité pour les équipements déclarés conformes à une de ses Publications.
6) Tous les utilisateurs doivent s'assurer qu'ils sont en possession de la dernière édition de cette publication.
7) Aucune responsabilité ne doit être imputée à la CEI, à ses administrateurs, employés, auxiliaires ou
mandataires, y compris ses experts particuliers et les membres de ses comités d'études et des Comités
nationaux de la CEI, pour tout préjudice causé en cas de dommages corporels et matériels, ou de tout autre
dommage de quelque nature que ce soit, directe ou indirecte, ou pour supporter les coûts (y compris les frais
de justice) et les dépenses découlant de la publication ou de l'utilisation de cette Publication de la CEI ou de
toute autre Publication de la CEI, ou au crédit qui lui est accordé.
8) L'attention est attirée sur les références normatives citées dans cette publication. L'utilisation de publications
référencées est obligatoire pour une application correcte de la présente publication.
9) L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments de la présente Publication de la CEI peuvent faire
l’objet de droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. La CEI ne saurait être tenue pour
responsable de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et de ne pas avoir signalé leur existence.

La Norme internationale CEI 60364-4-41 a été établie par le comité d'études 64 de la CEI:
Installations électriques et protection contre les chocs électriques.
Cette cinquième édition annule et remplace la quatrième édition publiée en 2001 et constitue
une révision technique.
Les principaux changements par rapport à l’édition précédente sont listés ci-dessous:
– adoption de la terminologie de la CEI 61140;
– présentation se fondant sur les mesures complètes de protection (par exemple
associations pratiques de dispositions de protection en fonctionnement normal (protection
contre les contacts directs) et dispositions de protection en cas de défaut (protection
contre les contacts indirects);

– 6 – 60364-4-41  CEI:2005
– exigences revues de 471 et de 481 inclus dans la quatrième édition;

– exigences de coupure en schéma TT clarifiées;

– schéma IT reconsidéré;
– exigences dans certains cas de protection complémentaire des socles de prise de courant

par DDR 30 mA si la mesure de protection par coupure automatique de l’alimentation est

requise.
Le texte de cette norme est issu des documents suivants:

FDIS Rapport de vote
64/1489/FDIS 64/1500/RVD
Le rapport de vote indiqué dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant
abouti à l'approbation de cette norme.
Cette publication a été rédigée selon les Directives ISO/CEI, Partie 2.
Elle a le statut de publication groupée de sécurité en accord avec le Guide CEI 104.
La série de la Partie 4 comprend les parties suivantes sous le titre général Installations
électriques à basse tension:
Partie 4-41: Protection pour assurer la sécurité – Protection contre les chocs électriques
Partie 4-42: Protection pour assurer la sécurité – Protection contre les effets thermiques
Partie 4-43: Protection pour assurer la sécurité – Protection contre les surintensités
Partie 4-44: Protection pour assurer la sécurité – Protection contre les perturbations de
tension et les perturbations électromagnétiques
Le comité a décidé que le contenu de cette publication ne sera pas modifié avant la date de
maintenance indiquée sur le site web de la CEI sous "http://webstore.iec.ch" dans les
données relatives à la publication recherchée. A cette date, la publication sera
• reconduite,
• supprimée,
• remplacée par une édition révisée, ou
• amendée.
– 8 – 60364-4-41  CEI:2005
410 Introduction
La présente Partie 4-41 de la CEI 60364 traite de la protection contre les chocs électriques

dans les installations électriques. Elle se fonde sur la CEI 61140 qui est une norme

fondamentale de sécurité applicable à la protection des personnes et des animaux

domestiques. La CEI 61140 est destinée à donner les principes et exigences essentiels

communs aux installations et matériels nécessaires à leur coordination.

La règle essentielle pour la protection contre les chocs électriques, telle que définie dans la

CEI 61140, est que les parties actives dangereuses ne soient pas accessibles et que les

parties conductrices accessibles ne soient pas dangereuses, tant dans des conditions
normales que dans des conditions de défaut simple.
Conformément à 4.2 de la CEI 61140, la protection en fonctionnement normal est assurée par
des dispositions de protection principale et la protection en cas de défaut est assurée par des
dispositions de protection en cas de défaut. En alternative, la protection contre les chocs
électriques est assurée par une disposition de protection renforcée assurant la protection en
fonctionnement normal et en cas de défaut.
La présente norme a le statut de norme de sécurité pour la protection contre les chocs
électriques.
Dans la quatrième édition de la CEI 60364 (2001):
– la protection en fonctionnement normal (appelée désormais protection principale) se
référait à la protection contre les contacts directs; et
– la protection dans des conditions de défaut (appelée maintenant protection en cas de
défaut) se référait à la protection contre les contacts indirects.

– 10 – 60364-4-41  CEI:2005
INSTALLATIONS ÉLECTRIQUES À BASSE TENSION –

Partie 4-41: Protection pour assurer la sécurité –

Protection contre les chocs électriques

410.1 Domaine d’application
La Partie 4-41 de la CEI 60364 spécifie des exigences essentielles relatives à la protection

contre les chocs électriques comprenant la protection principale (protection en
fonctionnement normal) et la protection en cas de défaut (protection dans des conditions de
défaut) des personnes et des animaux domestiques. Elle traite de l’application et de la
coordination de ces exigences en liaison avec les conditions des influences externes.
Les exigences relatives à la protection complémentaire sont données dans certains cas.
410.2 Références normatives
Les documents de référence suivants sont indispensables pour l'application du présent
document. Pour les références datées, seule l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les références
non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels
amendements).
CEI 60364-5-52, Installations électriques des bâtiments – Partie 5-52: Choix et mise en
)
œuvre des matériels électriques – Canalisations
CEI 60364-5-54, Installations électriques des bâtiments – Partie 5-54: Choix et mise en
œuvre des matériels électriques – Mise à la terre, conducteurs de protection et conducteurs
d’équipotentialité de protection
)
CEI 60364-6, Installations électriques à basse tension – Partie 6: Vérifications
IEC 60439-1, Ensembles d'appareillage à basse tension – Partie 1: Ensembles de série et
ensembles dérivés de série
CEI 60449, Domaines de tensions des installations électriques des bâtiments
CEI 60614 (toutes les parties), Conduits pour installations électriques – Spécifications

CEI 61084 (toutes les parties), Systèmes de goulottes et de conduits profilés pour
installations électriques
CEI 61140, Protection contre les chocs électriques – Aspects communs aux installations et
aux matériels
CEI 61386 (toutes les parties), Systèmes de conduits pour installations électriques
CEI 61558-2-6, Sécurité des transformateurs, blocs d’alimentation et analogues – Partie 2-6:
Règles particulières pour les transformateurs de sécurité pour usage général
IEC Guide 104, Elaboration des publications de sécurité et utilisation des publications
fondamentales de sécurité et publications groupées de sécurité
———————
)
Une nouvelle édition est actuellement à l’étude.
)
A publier.
– 12 – 60364-4-41  CEI:2005
410.3 Exigences générales
410.3.1 Dans la présente norme, les désignations suivantes des tensions sont adoptées,

sauf spécifications contraires:

– les tensions en courant alternatif (c.a.) sont efficaces;

– les tensions en courant continu (c.c.) sont lisses.

Le terme «lisse» est conventionnellement défini par un taux d'ondulation non supérieur à

10 % en valeur efficace d’une composante continue.

410.3.2 Une mesure de protection doit comprendre
– une association appropriée d’une disposition de protection principale et d’une disposition
indépendante de protection en cas de défaut, ou
– une disposition de protection renforcée assurant à la fois une protection principale et une
protection en cas de défaut.
Une protection complémentaire est définie comme une partie d’une mesure de protection dans
certaines conditions d’influences externes et pour certains emplacements (voir la Partie 7
correspondante de la CEI 60364).
NOTE 1 Pour des applications particulières, des mesures de protection ne répondant pas à ce concept sont
admises (voir 410.3.5 et 410.3.6).
NOTE 2 Un exemple de mesure de protection renforcée est une isolation double ou renforcée.
410.3.3 Dans chaque partie d’installation, une ou plusieurs mesures de protection doivent
être prises, en tenant compte des conditions d’influences externes.
Les mesures de protection suivantes sont généralement permises:
– coupure automatique de l’alimentation (Article 411),
– isolation double ou renforcée (Article 412),
– séparation électrique pour l’alimentation d’un seul matériel (Article 413),
– TBTS ou TBTP (Article 414).
Les mesures de protection adoptées dans l’installation doivent être prises en compte lors du
choix et de la mise en œuvre des matériels.
Pour les installations particulières, voir 410.3.4 à 410.3.9.

NOTE Dans les installations électriques, la mesure de protection la plus souvent utilisée est la coupure
automatique de l’alimentation.
410.3.4 Pour des installations et des emplacements spéciaux, les mesures de protection
particulières des parties correspondantes de la CEI 60364-7 doivent être appliquées.
410.3.5 Les mesures de protection, spécifiées à l’Annexe B, par mise en œuvre d’obstacles
ou par mise hors de portée, ne peuvent être mises en œuvre que
– par des personnes qualifiées ou averties, ou
– sous la surveillance d’une personne qualifiée ou avertie.

– 14 – 60364-4-41  CEI:2005
410.3.6 Les mesures de protection, spécifiées à l’Annexe C, par exemple

– locaux non conducteurs,
– liaisons équipotentielles non reliées à la terre,

– séparation électrique pour l’alimentation de plus d’un matériel,

ne peuvent être applicables que si l’installation est sous la surveillance d’une personne

qualifiée ou avertie, de manière que des modifications non permises ne puissent être faites.

410.3.7 Si certaines conditions d’une mesure de protection ne sont pas satisfaites, des

dispositions complémentaires doivent être prises pour s’assurer que de telles associations de

dispositions de protection fournissent le même degré de protection.
NOTE Un exemple d’application est donné en 411.7.
410.3.8 Des mesures de protection différentes appliquées dans la même installation ou la
même partie d'installation, ou encore dans les matériels ne doivent pas s'influencer de
manière qu’une défaillance d’une mesure de protection ne puisse annihiler les autres
mesures de protection.
410.3.9 Une disposition de protection en cas de défaut (protection contre les contacts
indirects) peut être omise pour les matériels suivants:
– supports métalliques des isolateurs de lignes aériennes qui sont connectées au bâtiment
et sont hors de portée;
– poteaux en béton armé des lignes aériennes pour lesquels l’armure n’est pas accessible;
– masses qui, en raison de leurs dimensions réduites (environ 50 mm × 50 mm) ou de leur
emplacement, ne peuvent être saisies ou venir en contact avec une partie du corps
humain, sous condition qu’une connexion à un conducteur de protection ne puisse être
réalisée qu’avec difficulté ou ne puisse être fiable.
NOTE 1 Cette exigence s’applique, par exemple, aux écrous, rivets, plaques d’identification et fixations de
câbles.
NOTE 2 Aux Etats-Unis, toutes les masses sont connectées au conducteur de protection.
– tubes métalliques ou autres enveloppes métalliques de protection des matériels confor-
mément à l’Article 412.
411 Mesure de protection: coupure automatique de l’alimentation
411.1 Généralités
La protection par coupure automatique de l’alimentation est une mesure de protection dans

laquelle
– la protection principale est assurée par l’isolation principale des parties actives, par des
barrières ou des enveloppes conformes à l’Annexe A, et
– la protection en cas de défaut est assurée par une liaison équipotentielle de protection et
la coupure automatique de l’alimentation conformément à 411.3 à 411.6.
NOTE 1 Si cette mesure de protection est appliquée, des matériels de Classe II peuvent être utilisés.
Si spécifié, une protection complémentaire est assurée par un dispositif différentiel de courant
différentiel-résiduel (DDR) assigné au plus égal à 30 mA conformément à 415.1.
NOTE 2 Des dispositifs de surveillance des courants de fuite (RCM) ne sont pas des dispositifs de protection
mais ils peuvent être utilisés afin de surveiller les courants de fuite des installations électriques. Les RCM
produisent un signal sonore ou un signal sonore et visuel lors du dépassement des valeurs présélectionnées de
courant de fuite.
– 16 – 60364-4-41  CEI:2005
411.2 Exigences pour la protection principale

Tous les matériels électriques doivent faire l’objet d’une des dispositions de protection

données à l’Annexe A ou, si approprié, données à l’Annexe B.

411.3 Exigences pour la protection en cas de défaut

411.3.1 Mise à la terre et liaison équipotentielle de protection

411.3.1.1 Mise à la terre
Les masses doivent être reliées à un conducteur de protection dans les conditions spéci-

fiques du schéma des liaisons à la terre comme spécifié de 411.4 à 411.6.
Les masses simultanément accessibles doivent être reliées à la même prise de terre,
individuellement, en groupes ou collectivement.
Les conducteurs de protection doivent être conformes aux exigences de la CEI 60364-5-54.
Chaque circuit doit avoir son conducteur de protection relié à la borne de terre corres-
pondante.
411.3.1.2 Liaison équipotentielle principale
Dans chaque bâtiment, le conducteur de terre, la borne principale de terre et les éléments
conducteurs suivants doivent être connectés à la liaison équipotentielle principale:
– canalisations d'alimentation à l'intérieur du bâtiment, par exemple eau, gaz;
– éléments conducteurs de la structure s’ils sont accessibles en usage normal, canalisations
de chauffage central et de conditionnement d'air, s'il y a lieu;
– renforts métalliques de la construction en béton armé, s’il y a lieu.
Lorsque de tels éléments conducteurs proviennent de l'extérieur du bâtiment, ils doivent être
reliés aussi près que possible de leur point d'entrée dans le bâtiment.
Les conducteurs de la liaison équipotentielle principale doivent satisfaire aux exigences de la
CEI 60364-5-54.
Les gaines métalliques des câbles de communication doivent être connectées à la liaison
équipotentielle principale avec l'autorisation des propriétaires ou des utilisateurs de ces
câbles.
411.3.2 Coupure automatique de l'alimentation en cas de défaut
411.3.2.1 A l’exception des cas indiqués en 411.3.2.5 et 411.3.2.6, un dispositif de protec-
tion doit séparer automatiquement de l'alimentation le circuit ou le matériel en cas de défaut
d’impédance négligeable entre une partie active et une masse ou un conducteur de protection
dans le circuit ou le matériel, dans un temps prescrit en 411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3 ou 411.3.2.4.
NOTE 1 Des valeurs de temps de coupure et de tension supérieures à celles prescrites dans ce paragraphe
peuvent être admises dans des installations de production et de distribution d'énergie électrique.
NOTE 2 Des valeurs de temps de coupure et de tension inférieures peuvent être prescrites pour des installations
ou des locaux particuliers conformément à la Partie 7 correspondante de la CEI 60364.
NOTE 3 Dans le schéma IT, la coupure automatique n'est pas prescrite en général lors d'un premier défaut (voir
411.6.1). Pour les exigences concernant la disconnection après le premier défaut, voir 411.6.4.
NOTE 4 En Belgique, 411.3.2.3 n’est pas applicable. Les règles nationales (AREI-RGIE) ne spécifient pas de
différences pour les temps automatiques de coupure entre les circuits de distribution et les circuits terminaux.
NOTE 5 En Norvège, pour les installations en schéma IT alimentées par le réseau de distribution, la coupure
automatique au premier défaut est obligatoire.

– 18 – 60364-4-41  CEI:2005
411.3.2.2 Les temps de coupure maximaux définis dans le Tableau 41.1 doivent être
appliqués aux circuits terminaux de courant assigné ne dépassant pas 32 A.

Tableau 41.1 – Temps de coupure maximaux

Schéma 50 V < U ≤ 120 V 120 V < U ≤ 230 V 230 V < U ≤ 400 V U > 400 V
o o o o
s
s s s
c.a. c.c. c.a. c.c. c.a. c.c. c.a. c.c.

TN 0,8 Note 1 0,4 5 0,2 0,4 0,1 0,1

TT 0,3 Note 1 0,2 0,4 0,07 0,2 0,04 0,1

Si en schéma TT, le temps de coupure est satisfait par un dispositif de protection contre les surintensités et par la
garantie d’une liaison équipotentielle de protection sûre dans l’installation, les temps de coupure maximaux du
schéma TN peuvent être applicables.
U est la tension nominale simple entre phase ou terre, en courant alternatif ou en courant continu.
o
NOTE 1 Un temps de coupure peut être prescrit pour des raisons autres que la protection contre les chocs
électriques.
NOTE 2 Si la coupure est réalisée par DDR, voir la Note à 411.4.4, la Note 4 de 411.5.3 et la Note de 411.6.4 b).
NOTE 3 En Belgique, la dernière colonne pour U >400 V n’est pas applicable. Au-dessus de 400 V, les courbes
o
de sécurité sont indiquées dans les exigences nationales.
NOTE 4 Aux Pays-Bas, le temps maximal de coupure indiqué dans le Tableau 41.1 s’applique à tous les circuits
alimentant des socles de prise de courant et pour les autres circuits terminaux dont le courant assigné ne dépasse
pas 32 A.
NOTE 5 En Chine, le temps maximal de coupure du Tableau 41.1 s’applique aux circuits terminaux alimentant
des matériels portatifs ou portables.

411.3.2.3 En schéma TN, un temps de coupure conventionnel non supérieur à 5 s est admis
pour les circuits de distribution et pour les circuits non traités en 411.3.2.2.
411.3.2.4 En schéma TT, un temps de coupure conventionnel non supérieur à 1 s est admis
pour les circuits de distribution et pour les circuits non traités en 411.3.2.2.
411.3.2.5 Pour des installations dont la tension assignée U est supérieure à 50 V c.a. ou
o
à 120 V c.c., la coupure automatique de l’alimentation dans les temps prescrits en
411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3 ou 411.3.2.4 n’est pas requise si, en cas de défaut du conducteur de
protection ou de terre, la tension entre la source et la terre est réduite en moins de 5 s à
50 V en courant alternatif ou 120 V en courant continu ou moins. Dans de tels cas, la
coupure automatique doit être considérée pour des raisons autres que celles des chocs
électriques.
411.3.2.6 Si la coupure automatique conformément à 411.3.2.1 ne peut être réalisée dans

les temps prescrits en 411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3 ou 411.3.2.4, une liaison équipotentielle
supplémentaire doit être prévue conformément à 415.2.
411.3.3 Protection complémentaire
En courant alternatif, une protection complémentaire par des dispositifs différentiels (DDR)
doit être mise en œuvre conformément à 415.1 pour les circuits suivants:
– les socles de prise de courant de courant assigné au plus égal à 20 A destinés à être
utilisés par des personnes ordinaires pour un usage général; et
NOTE 1 Une exemption peut être faite pour:
– les socles de prise de courant d’usage général sous le contrôle de personnes habilitées, par exemple
dans des emplacements commerciaux ou industriels;
– des dispositifs spécifiques de connexion de matériels particuliers.
NOTE 2 En Espagne et en Ireland, une protection complémentaire est prévue pour des socles de prise de
courant de courant assigné au plus égal à 32 A s’ils sont destinés à être utilisés par des personnes ordinaires.

– 20 – 60364-4-41  CEI:2005
NOTE 3 En Belgique, il faut que toute installation sous le contrôle de personnes ordinaires soit protégée par

DDR de courant différentiel assigné au plus égal à 300 mA; pour les circuits alimentant les salles d’eau, les
machines à laver le linge et la vaisselle, etc., une protection supplémentaire au moyen d’un DDR avec un

courant différentiel assigné n’excédant pas 30 mA est obligatoire. Ces exigences sont aussi applicables pour

les installations dont la valeur de la prise de terre est inférieure à 30 Ω; dans le cas où cette valeur est

supérieure à 30 Ω et inférieure à 100 Ω, il convient que des DDR complémentaires de courant différentiel
assigné au plus égal à 100 mA soient prévus. Une prise de terre de valeur supérieure à 100 Ω n’est pas
permise.
NOTE 4 En Norvège, les établissements commerciaux et industriels sont couverts par des textes

réglementaires nécessitant des procédures de qualification et d’entraînement des employés. A l’exception de

zones ouvertes au public, les socles de prise de courant dans ces emplacements ne sont normalement pas
considérés comme utilisés par des personnes ordinaires. Les socles de prise de courant dans les locaux
d’habitation et emplacements BA2 sont destinés à un usage général par des personnes ordinaires.

NOTE 5 En Chine, un DDR 30 mA n’est pas requis pour les prises de courant alimentant des climatiseurs non

accessibles aux personnes.
– les appareils portatifs de courant assigné au plus égal à 32 A destinés à être utilisés à
l’extérieur.
411.4 Schéma TN
411.4.1 En schéma TN, la fiabilité de la mise à la terre de l’installation dépend de la sûreté
de la connexion des conducteurs PE ou PEN à la terre. Si la prise de terre est fournie par le
réseau public ou analogue, la conformité aux conditions nécessaires est de la responsabilité
du distributeur.
NOTE 1 Des exemples de ces conditions sont les suivants:
− le conducteur PEN est relié à la terre en de multiples points et est mis en œuvre de manière à minimiser le
risque de rupture de ce conducteur;
− R /R ≤ 50/(U – 50)
B E o

R est la résistance de toutes les prises de terre en parallèle, en ohms;
B
R est la résistance minimale de contact des éléments conducteurs non reliés à un conducteur de protection,
E
à travers desquels un courant de défaut phase-terre peut s’écouler, en ohms;
U est la tension nominale du courant alternatif (valeur efficace) à la terre, en volts.
o
NOTE 2 En Allemagne, la conformité à la condition R /R ≤ 50 / (U – 50) est obligatoire pour le distributeur du
B E o
réseau.
411.4.2 Le point neutre ou le point milieu de l'alimentation doit être mis à la terre. Si un
point neutre n'est pas disponible, ou n'est pas accessible, un conducteur de phase doit être
mis à la terre.
Les masses de l’installation doivent être reliées par un conducteur de protection à la borne

principale de l’installation, laquelle doit être reliée au point neutre de l’installation.
NOTE 1 S'il existe d’autres possibilités efficaces de mise à la terre, il est recommandé de relier le conducteur de
protection en autant de points que possible. Une mise à la terre multiple, en des points régulièrement répartis, peut
être nécessaire pour s'assurer que le potentiel du conducteur de protection demeure, en cas de défaut, aussi
proche que possible de celui de la terre.
Dans de grands bâtiments, tels que des immeubles de grande hauteur, des mises à la terre additionnelles des
conducteurs de protection ne sont pas possibles pour des raisons pratiques. Des liaisons équipotentielles entre
conducteurs de protection et éléments conducteurs ont, toutefois, une fonction similaire dans de tels cas.
NOTE 2 Il est recommandé de relier les conducteurs de protection (PE et PEN) à la terre à leur point d'entrée
d'un bâtiment ou établissement, en tenant compte de tout courant de point neutre dévié.
411.4.3 Dans les installations fixes, un seul conducteur peut être utilisé à la fois comme
conducteur de protection et comme conducteur neutre (conducteur PEN), sous réserve que
les exigences de 543.4 de la CEI 60364-5-54 soient respectées. Le conducteur PEN ne doit
être ni sectionné, ni coupé.
– 22 – 60364-4-41  CEI:2005
NOTE 1 En Suisse, le disjoncteur général avec son sectionneur intégré dans le conducteur PEN constitue

l’interface entre le réseau et l’installation du bâtiment.

NOTE 2 En Norvège, l’utilisation du conducteur PEN en aval du tableau général de distribution n’est pas permise.

411.4.4 Les caractéristiques des dispositifs de protection (voir 411.4.5) et les impédances

des circuits doivent satisfaire la règle suivante:

Z × I ≤ U
s a o

Z est l'impédance, en ohms (Ω), de la boucle de défaut comprenant
s
– la source,
– le conducteur actif jusqu'au point de défaut;
– et le conducteur de protection entre le point de défaut et la source;
I est le courant assurant le fonctionnement, en ampères (A), du dispositif de coupure
a
automatique dans le temps défini en 411.3.2.2 ou 411.3.2.3. Si le dispositif de
protection est un dispositif différentiel, ce courant est le courant différentiel-résiduel
assigné de ce dispositif assurant la coupure dans les temps spécifiés en 411.3.2.2 ou
411.3.2.3;
U est la tension nominale entre phase et terre, valeur efficace en courant alternatif ou
o
lisse en courant continu en volts (V).
NOTE Si la conformité à ce paragraphe est réalisée par DDR, les temps de coupure conformes au Tableau 41.1
sont relatifs aux courants de défauts résiduels prévus beaucoup plus élevés que ceux du DDR (typiquement 5 I ).
∆n
411.4.5 Dans le schéma TN, les dispositifs de protection suivants peuvent être utilisés pour
la protection en cas de défaut (protection contre les contacts indirects):
– dispositifs de protection contre les surintensités;
– dispositifs de protection différentiels à courant différentiel-résiduel (DDR).
NOTE 1 Si un DDR est utilisé, il convient que le circuit soit aussi protégé par un dispositif de protection contre les
surintensités conformément à la CEI 60364-4-43.
Un DDR ne doit pas être utilisé en schéma TN-C.
Lorsqu'un DDR est utilisé dans un schéma TN-C-S, un conducteur PEN ne doit pas être
utilisé en aval. La liaison du conducteur de protection au conducteur PEN doit être effectuée
en amont du DDR.
NOTE 2 Si une sélectivité entre DDR est nécessaire, voir 535.3 de la CEI 60364-5-53.
411.5 Schéma TT
411.5.1 Toutes les masses protégées collectivement par un même dispositif de protection
doivent être connectées aux conducteurs de protection et reliées à une même prise de terre.
Si plusieurs dispositifs de protection sont montés en série, cette exigence s'applique
séparément à toutes les masses protégées par le même dispositif.
Le neutre ou le point milieu de l’alimentation doit être mis à la terre. Si le neutre ou le point
milieu n’existe pas ou n’est pas accessible, un conducteur actif doit être mis à la terre.
NOTE Aux Pays-Bas, il convient que la résistance de la prise de terre soit aussi faible que possible et jamais
supérieure à 166 Ω.
411.5.2 En général, pour le schéma TT, les dispositifs différentiels (DDR) doivent être
utilisés pour la protection en cas de défaut. Autrement, des dispositifs de protection contre les
surintensités peuvent être utilisés pour la protection en cas de défaut si une valeur faible
appropriée de Z est assurée de manière permanente et fiable.
s
– 24 – 60364-4-41  CEI:2005
NOTE 1 Si un DDR est utilisé pour la protection en cas de défaut, il convient que le circuit soit aussi protégé

contre les surintensités conformément à la CEI 60364-4-43.

NOTE 2 L’utilisation de dispositifs de protection à manque de tension n’est pas traitée dans cette norme.

NOTE 3 Aux Pays-Bas, si une prise de terre est utilisée pour plus d’une installation électrique, la conformité à

411.5.3 doit être respectée dans les cas suivants:

– rupture de la mise à la terre;

– défaillance d’un DDR.
411.5.3 Si un DDR est utilisé pour la protection en cas de défaut, la condition suivante doit

être satisfaite:
i) le temps de coupure respecte 411.3.2.2 ou 411.3.2.4, et
ii) R x I ≤ 50 V
A Δn

R est la somme des résistances en Ω de la prise de terre et du conducteur de
A
protection de mise à la terre des masses,
I est le courant différentiel-résiduel assigné du dispositif de protection.
Δn
NOTE 1 La protection en cas de défaut est aussi assurée si l’impédance de boucle n’est pas négligeable.
NOTE 2 Si une sélectivité entre dispositifs différentiels est nécessaire, voir 535.3 de la CEI 60364-5-53.
NOTE 3 Si R n’est pas connue, elle peut être remplacée par Z .
A S
NOTE 4 Les temps de coupure spécifiés dans le Tableau 41.1 peuvent se référer à des défauts différentiels
prévisibles très supérieurs au courant de fonctionnement des DDR (de l’ordre de 5 I ).
∆n
411.5.4 Si un dispositif de protection contre les surintensités est utilisé, la condition suivante
doit être satisfaite:
Z × / ≤ U
s a o

Z est l'impédance en Ω de la boucle de défaut comprenant
s
– la source,
– le conducteur actif jusqu'au point de défaut;
– le conducteur de protection de mise à la terre des masses;
– le conducteur de terre;
– la prise de terre de l’installation et
– la prise de terre de la source;
I est le courant en A assurant la coupure automatique par le dispositif de protection dans
a
le temps prescrit en 411.3.2.2 ou 411.3.2.4;

U est la tension nominale en c.a. ou c.c entre phase et terre.
o
411.6 Schéma IT
411.6.1 Dans le schéma IT, les parties actives doivent être isolées de la terre ou reliées à la
terre à travers une impédance de valeur suffisamment élevée. Cette liaison s'effectue soit au
point neutre de l'installation, soit à un point neutre artificiel qui peut être relié directement à la
terre si l'impédance homopolaire correspondante a une valeur suffisante. Lorsque aucun point
neutre n'existe, un conducteur de phase peut être relié à la terre à travers une impédance.
En cas d'un seul défaut à la masse ou à la terre, le courant de défaut est faible et la coupure
automatique conforme à 411.3.2 n'est pas impérative si la condition de 411.6.2 est satisfaite.
Toutefois, des mesures doivent être prises pour éviter un risque d'effet pathophysiologique
dangereux pour une personne en contact avec des parties conductrices simultanément
accessibles en cas de deux défauts simultanés.

– 26 – 60364-4-41  CEI:2005
NOTE 1 Afin de réduire les surtensions et d'amortir les oscillations, la mise à la terre par l'intermédiaire

d'impédance ou de points neutres artificiels peut être nécessaire; il convient que leurs caractéristiques soient
appropriées à celles de l'installation.

NOTE 2 En Norvège, il convient que tous les circuits terminaux des installations en schéma IT avec une liaison
galvanique avec le réseau public de distribution soient coupés dans le temps spécifié pour le schéma TN du

Tableau 41.1 dans le cas d’un défaut d’impédance négligeable entre une phase et une masse ou un conducteur de

protection du circuit ou du matériel.

411.6.2 Les masses doivent être reliées à la terre, soit individuellement, soit par groupes ou

ensemble.
La condition suivante doit être remplie:

– pour les réseaux à courant alternatif R × I ≤ 50 V
A d
× I ≤ 120 V
– pour les réseaux à courant continu R
A d

R est la somme des résistances en Ω de la prise de terre et des conducteurs de mise à la
A
terre des masses;
I est le courant de défaut, en A, en cas de premier défaut franc de faible impédance entre
d
un conducteur de phase et une masse. La valeur de I tient compte des courants de
d
fuite et de l'impédance globale de mise à la terre de l'installation électrique.
411.6.3 En schéma IT, les dispositifs de contrôle et de protection suivants peuvent être
utilisés:
– contrôleurs d'isolement;
– dispositifs de surveillance des courants différentiels;
– contrôleurs d’emplacement de défaut;
– dispositifs de protection contre les surintensités;
– dispositifs de protection à courant différentiel-résiduel.
NOTE Si un dispositif de courant différentiel-résiduel est utilisé, le déclenchement du DDR en cas de premier
défaut ne peut pas être exclu en raison du courant capacitif de fuite.
411.6.3.1 Dans le cas d’utilisation d’un schéma IT pour des raisons de continuité de service,
un contrôleur d'isolement doit être prévu pour indiquer l'apparition d'un premier défaut d'une
partie active à la masse ou à la terre. Ce dispositif doit actionner un signal sonore et/ou
visuel.
Si les deux signaux sonores et visuels existent, il est permis d’annuler le signal sonore.

NOTE 1 Il est recommandé d'éliminer un premier défaut dans un délai aussi court que possible.
NOTE 2 Aux Pays-Bas, en schéma IT utilisé pour des raisons de continuité de service où le neutre est relié à la
terre par une impédance (voir 411.6.1), un dispositif de recherche de défaut peut
...


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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
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IEC 60364-4-41 IEC 60364-4-41
Edition 5.1  2017-03 Édition 5.1  2017-03

Low voltage electrical installations – Installations électriques à basse tension –

Part 4-41: Protection for safety – Partie 4-41: Protection pour ass
...


IEC 60364-4-41
Edition 5.0 2005-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
GROUP SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION GROUPÉE DE SÉCURITÉ
Low-voltage electrical installations –
Part 4-41: Protection for safety – Protection against electric shock

Installations électriques à basse tension –
Partie 4-41: Protection pour assurer la sécurité – Protection contre les chocs
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IEC 60364-4-41
Edition 5.0 2005-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
GROUP SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION GROUPÉE DE SÉCURITÉ
Low-voltage electrical installations –
Part 4-41: Protection for safety – Protection against electric shock

Installations électriques à basse tension –
Partie 4-41: Protection pour assurer la sécurité – Protection contre les chocs
électriques
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
V
CODE PRIX
ICS 13.260; 91.140.50 ISBN 2-8318-8383-0

– 2 – 60364-4-41 © IEC:2005
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.3

410 Introduction .5
410.1 Scope .6
410.2 Normative references .6
410.3 General requirements .7
411 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply .8
411.1 General .8
411.2 Requirements for basic protection .9
411.3 Requirements for fault protection .9
411.4 TN systems.11
411.5 TT systems.12
411.6 IT systems.13
411.7 Functional extra-low voltage (FELV) .15
412 Protective measure: double or reinforced insulation.16
412.1 General .16
412.2 Requirements for basic protection and fault protection (protection against
indirect contact).17
413 Protective measure: electrical separation .19
413.1 General .19
413.2 Requirements for basic protection .19
413.3 Requirements for fault protection .19
414 Protective measure: extra-low-voltage provided by SELV and PELV.20
414.1 General .20
414.2 Requirements for basic protection and fault protection .20
414.3 Sources for SELV and PELV.21
414.4 Requirements for SELV and PELV circuits.21
415 Additional protection.22
415.1 Additional protection: residual current protective devices (RCDs) .23
415.2 Additional protection: supplementary protective equipotential bonding.23

Annex A (normative) Provisions for basic protection (protection against direct contact) .24
Annex B (normative) Obstacles and placing out of reach .26
Annex C (normative) Protective measures for application only when the installation is
controlled or under the supervision of skilled or instructed persons.28
Annex D (informative) Correspondence between IEC 60364-4-41(2001) and the present
standard.…. .61

Bibliography.

Figure B.1 – Zone of arm's reach .27

Table 41.1 – Maximum disconnection times .10
Table D.1 – Correspondence between IEC 60364-4-41:2001 and the present standard .61

60364-4-41 © IEC:2005 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS –

Part 4-41: Protection for safety –
Protection against electric shock

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
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with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
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4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60364-4-41 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 64:
Electrical installations and protection against electric shock.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition, published in 2001, and constitutes a
technical revision.
The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below:
– adoption of IEC 61140 terminology;
– layout rationalized on basis of complete protective measures (i.e. appropriate practical
combinations of protective provision in normal service (direct contact protection) and
protective provision in case of a fault (indirect contact protection);

– 4 – 60364-4-41 © IEC:2005
– requirements of 471 and 481, which were included in the fourth edition have been
rationalized
– disconnection requirements for TT systems clarified;
– IT systems considered more fully;
– requirements in certain cases for additional protection of socket-outlets by means of a
30 mA RCD, where the protective measure is automatic disconnection of supply.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
64/1489/FDIS 64/1500/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
It has the status of a group safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.
The Part 4 series comprises the following parts under the general title Low-voltage electrical
installations:
Part 4-41: Protection for safety – Protection against electric shock
Part 4-42: Protection for safety – Protection against thermal effects
Part 4-43: Protection for safety – Protection against overcurrent
Part 4-44: Protection for safety – Protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic
disturbances
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
60364-4-41 © IEC:2005 – 5 –
410 Introduction
This Part 4-41 of IEC 60364 deals with protection against electric shock as applied to
electrical installations. It is based on IEC 61140 which is a basic safety standard that applies
to the protection of persons and livestock. IEC 61140 is intended to give fundamental
principles and requirements that are common to electrical installations and equipment or are
necessary for their co-ordination.
The fundamental rule of protection against electric shock, according to IEC 61140, is that
hazardous-live-parts must not be accessible and accessible conductive parts must not be
hazardous live, neither under normal conditions nor under single fault conditions.
According to 4.2 of IEC 61140, protection under normal conditions is provided by basic
protective provisions and protection under single fault conditions is provided by fault
protective provisions. Alternatively, protection against electric shock is provided by an
enhanced protective provision, which provides protection under normal conditions and under
single fault conditions.
This standard has the status of a group safety publication (GSP) for protection against electric
shock.
In the fourth edition of IEC 60364 (2001):
– protection under normal conditions (now designated basic protection) was referred to as
protection against direct contact and
– protection under fault conditions (now designated fault protection) was referred to as
protection against indirect contact.

– 6 – 60364-4-41 © IEC:2005
LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS –

Part 4-41: Protection for safety –
Protection against electric shock

410.1 Scope
Part 4-41 of IEC 60364 specifies essential requirements regarding protection against electric
shock, including basic protection (protection against direct contact) and fault protection
(protection against indirect contact) of persons and livestock. It deals also with the application
and co-ordination of these requirements in relation to external influences.
Requirements are also given for the application of additional protection in certain cases.
410.2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60364-5-52, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-52: Selection and erection of
)
electrical equipment – Wiring systems
IEC 60364-5-54, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-54: Selection and erection of
electrical equipment – Earthing arrangements, protective conductors and protective bonding
conductors
)
IEC 60364-6, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 6: Verification
IEC 60439-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies – Part 1: Type-tested and
partially type-tested assemblies
IEC 60449, Voltage bands for electrical installations of buildings
IEC 60614 (all parts), Conduits for electrical installations – Specification
IEC 61084 (all parts), Cable trunking and ducting systems for electrical installations
IEC 61140, Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and equipment
IEC 61386 (all parts), Conduit systems for electrical installations
IEC 61558-2-6, Safety of power transformers, power supply units and similar – Part 2-6:
Particular requirements for safety isolating transformers for general use
IEC Guide 104, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications
and group safety publications
———————
)
A new edition is currently under consideration.
2)
To be published.
60364-4-41 © IEC:2005 – 7 –
410.3 General requirements
410.3.1 In this standard the following specification of voltages is intended unless otherwise
stated:
– a.c. voltages are r.m.s.;
– d.c. voltages are ripple-free.
Ripple-free is conventionally defined as an r.m.s. ripple voltage of not more than 10 % of the
d.c. component.
410.3.2 A protective measure shall consist of
– an appropriate combination of a provision for basic protection and an independent
provision for fault protection, or
– an enhanced protective provision which provides both basic protection and fault
protection.
Additional protection is specified as part of a protective measure under certain conditions of
external influences and in certain special locations (see the corresponding Part 7 of
IEC 60364).
NOTE 1 For special applications, protective measures which do not follow this concept are permitted (see 410.3.5
and 410.3.6).
NOTE 2 An example of an enhanced protective measure is reinforced insulation.
410.3.3 In each part of an installation one or more protective measures shall be applied,
taking account of the conditions of external influence.
The following protective measures generally are permitted:
– automatic disconnection of supply (Clause 411),
– double or reinforced insulation (Clause 412),
– electrical separation for the supply of one item of current-using equipment (Clause 413),
– extra-low-voltage (SELV and PELV) (Clause 414).
The protective measures applied in the installation shall be considered in the selection and
erection of equipment.
For particular installations see 410.3.4 to 410.3.9.
NOTE In electrical installations the most commonly used protective measure is automatic disconnection of supply.
410.3.4 For special installations or locations, the particular protective measures in the
corresponding Part 7 of IEC 60364 shall be applied.
410.3.5 The protective measures, specified in Annex B, i.e. the use of obstacles and placing
out of reach, shall only be used in installations accessible to
– skilled or instructed persons, or
– persons under the supervision of skilled or instructed persons.

– 8 – 60364-4-41 © IEC:2005
410.3.6 The protective measures, specified in Annex C, i.e.
– non-conducting location,
– earth-free local equipotential bonding,
– electrical separation for the supply of more than one item of current-using equipment,
may be applied only when the installation is under the supervision of skilled or instructed
persons so that unauthorized changes cannot be made.
410.3.7 If certain conditions of a protective measure cannot be met, supplementary
provisions shall be applied so that the protective provisions together achieve the same degree
of safety.
NOTE An example of the application of this rule is given in 411.7.
410.3.8 Different protective measures applied to the same installation or part of an
installation or within equipment shall have no influence on each other such that failure of one
protective measure could impair the other protective measures.
410.3.9 The provision for fault protection (protection against indirect contact) may be omitted
for the following equipment:
– metal supports of overhead line insulators which are attached to the building and are
placed out of arm’s reach;
– steel reinforced concrete poles of overhead lines in which the steel reinforcement is not
accessible;
– exposed-conductive-parts which, owing to their reduced dimensions (approximately
50 mm x 50 mm) or their disposition cannot be gripped or come into significant contact
with a part of the human body and provided that connection with a protective conductor
could only be made with difficulty or would be unreliable.
NOTE 1 This exemption applies, for example, to bolts, rivets, nameplates and cable clips.
NOTE 2 In the USA, all exposed-conductive-parts are bonded to the protective conductor.
– metal tubes or other metal enclosures protecting equipment in accordance with
Clause 412.
411 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply
411.1 General
Automatic disconnection of supply is a protective measure in which
– basic protection is provided by basic insulation of live parts or by barriers or enclosures, in
accordance with Annex A, and
– fault protection is provided by protective equipotential bonding and automatic
.
disconnection in case of a fault in accordance with 411.3 to 411.6
NOTE 1 Where this protective measure is applied, Class II equipment may also be used.
Where specified, additional protection is provided by a residual current protective device
(RCD) with rated residual operating current not exceeding 30 mA in accordance with 415.1.
NOTE 2 Residual current monitors (RCMs) are not protective devices but they may be used to monitor residual
currents in electrical installations. RCMs produce an audible or audible and visual signal when a preselected value
of residual current is exceeded

60364-4-41 © IEC:2005 – 9 –
411.2 Requirements for basic protection
All electrical equipment shall comply with one of the provisions for basic protection (protection
against direct contact) described in Annex A or, where appropriate, Annex B.
411.3 Requirements for fault protection
411.3.1 Protective earthing and protective equipotential bonding
411.3.1.1 Protective earthing
Exposed-conductive-parts shall be connected to a protective conductor under the specific
conditions for each type of system earthing as specified in 411.4 to 411.6.
Simultaneously accessible exposed-conductive-parts shall be connected to the same earthing
system individually, in groups or collectively.
Conductors for protective earthing shall comply with IEC 60364-5-54.
Each circuit shall have available a protective conductor connected to the relevant earthing
terminal.
411.3.1.2 Protective equipotential bonding
In each building the earthing conductor, the main earthing terminal and the following
conductive parts shall be connected to the protective equipotential bonding:
– metallic pipes supplying services into the building, e.g. gas, water;
– structural extraneous-conductive-parts if accessible in normal use, metallic central heating
and air-conditioning systems.
– metallic reinforcements of constructional reinforced concrete, if reasonably practicable.
Where such conductive parts originate outside the building, they shall be bonded as close as
practicable to their point of entry within the building.
Conductors for protective equipotential bonding shall comply with IEC 60364-5-54.
Any metallic sheath of telecommunication cables shall be connected to the protective
equipotential bonding, taking account of the requirements of the owners or operators of these
cables.
411.3.2 Automatic disconnection in case of a fault
411.3.2.1 Except as provided by 411.3.2.5 and 411.3.2.6, a protective device shall
automatically interrupt the supply to the line conductor of a circuit or equipment in the event of
a fault of negligible impedance between the line conductor and an exposed-conductive-part or
a protective conductor in the circuit or equipment within the disconnection time required in
411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3 or 411.3.2.4.
NOTE 1 Higher values of disconnection time than those required in this subclause may be admitted in systems for
electricity distribution to the public and power generation and transmission for such systems.
NOTE 2 Lower values of disconnection time may be required for special installations or locations according to the
relevant Part 7 of IEC 60364.
NOTE 3 For IT systems, automatic disconnection is not usually required on the occurrence of a first fault (see
411.6.1). For the requirements for disconnection after the first fault see 411.6.4.
NOTE 4 In Belgium 411.3.2.3 is not applicable. The Belgian Wiring Rules (AREI-RGIE) do not specify differences
in automatic disconnection times between distribution circuits and final circuits.
NOTE 5 In Norway for an installation forming part of an IT system and supplied from a public network, automatic
disconnection at the first fault is required

– 10 – 60364-4-41 © IEC:2005
411.3.2.2 The maximum disconnection time stated in Table 41.1 shall be applied to final
circuits not exceeding 32A.
Table 41.1 – Maximum disconnection times
System 50 V < U ≤ 120 V 120 V < U ≤ 230 V 230 V < U ≤ 400 V U > 400 V
o o o o
s
s s s
a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c.
TN 0,8 Note 1 0,4 5 0,2 0,4 0,1 0,1
TT 0,3 Note 1 0,2 0,4 0,07 0,2 0,04 0,1
Where in TT systems the disconnection is achieved by an overcurrent protective device and the protective
equipotential bonding is connected with all extraneous-conductive-parts within the installation, the maximum
disconnection times applicable to TN systems may be used.
U is the nominal a.c. or d.c. line to earth voltage.
o
NOTE 1 Disconnection may be required for reasons other than protection against electric shock.
NOTE 2 Where disconnection is provided by an RCD see Note to 411.4.4, Note 4 to 411.5.3 and Note to 411.6.4
b).
NOTE 3 In Belgium, the last column U >400 V is not applicable. Above 400 V, the Belgian safety curve as
o
given in the Belgian Wiring Rules applies.
NOTE 4 In the Netherlands the maximum disconnection time stated in Table 41.1 is applied to all circuits not
exceeding 32 A and all circuits supplying socket-outlets.
NOTE 5 In China the maximum disconnecting time stated in Table 41.1 is applied to final circuits which supply
hand-held equipment or portable equipment.

411.3.2.3 In TN systems, a disconnection time not exceeding 5 s is permitted for distribution
circuits, and for circuits not covered by 411.3.2.2.
411.3.2.4 In TT systems, a disconnection time not exceeding 1 s is permitted for distribution
circuits and for circuits not covered by 411.3.2.2.
411.3.2.5 For systems with nominal voltage U greater than 50 V a.c. or 120 V d.c.,
o
automatic disconnection in the time required by 411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3 or 411.3.2.4 as
appropriate is not required if in the event of a fault to a protective conductor or earth, the
output voltage of the source is reduced in not more than 5 s to 50 V a.c. or 120 V d.c. or less.
In such cases consideration shall be given to disconnection as required for reasons other than
electric shock.
411.3.2.6 If automatic disconnection according to 411.3.2.1 cannot be achieved in the time
required by 411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3, or 411.3.2.4 as appropriate, supplementary protective
equipotential bonding shall be provided in accordance with 415.2.
411.3.3 Additional protection
In a.c. systems, additional protection by means of a residual current protective device (RCD)
in accordance with 415.1 shall be provided for
– socket-outlets with a rated current not exceeding 20 A that are for use by ordinary persons
and are intended for general use; and
NOTE 1 An exemption may be made for:
− socket-outlets for use under the supervision of skilled or instructed persons, e.g., in some commercial or
industrial locations or
− a specific socket-outlet provided for connection of a particular item of equipment.
NOTE 2 In Spain and Ireland additional protection is provided for socket-outlets with a rated current up to
32 A intended for use by ordinary persons.

60364-4-41 © IEC:2005 – 11 –
NOTE 3 In Belgium, every electrical installation under the supervision of ordinary persons must be protected
by a RCD with a rated operating residual current not exceeding 300 mA; for circuits supplying bathrooms,
washing machines, dishwashers, etc, an additional protection by means of a RCD with a rated residual
operating current not exceeding 30 mA is mandatory; the above is valid for electrical installations of which the
earthing resistance is lower than 30 Ω; in case of earthing resistance higher than 30 Ω and lower than 100 Ω,
additional RCDs with a rated operating residual current not exceeding 100 mA should be provided. An earthing
resistance higher than 100 Ω is not permitted.
NOTE 4 In Norway all commercial and industrial companies are covered by regulations requiring procedures
for qualifications and training of employees. Except for areas open for the public, socket-outlets in such
locations are normally not considered to be for general use of ordinary people. Socket-outlets in dwellings and
BA2 locations are intended for general use by ordinary people.
NOTE 5 In China a 30 mA RCD is not required for the socket-outlet supplying air conditioning equipment and
erected in position not accessible to persons.
– mobile equipment with a current rating not exceeding 32 A for use outdoors.
411.4 TN system
411.4.1 In TN systems the integrity of the earthing of the installation depends on the reliable
and effective connection of the PEN or PE conductors to earth. Where the earthing is
provided from a public or other supply system, compliance with the necessary conditions
external to the installation is the responsibility of the supply network operator.
NOTE 1 Examples of conditions include:
− the PEN is connected to earth at a number of points and is installed in such a way as to minimize the risk of a
break in the PEN conductor;
− R /R ≤ 50/(U – 50)
B E 0
where
R is the earth electrode resistance, in ohms, of all earth electrodes in parallel;
B
R is the minimum contact resistance with earth, in ohms, of extraneous-conductive-parts not connected to a
E
protective conductor, through which a fault between line and earth may occur;
U is the nominal a.c. r.m.s. voltage to earth, in volts.
o
NOTE 2 In Germany compliance with condition R /R ≤ 50 / (U – 50) is compulsory for the supply network
B E o
operator.
411.4.2 The neutral point or the midpoint of the power supply system shall be earthed. If a
neutral point or midpoint is not available or not accessible, a line conductor shall be earthed.
Exposed-conductive-parts of the installation shall be connected by a protective conductor to
the main earthing terminal of the installation which shall be connected to the earthed point of
the power supply system.
NOTE 1 If other effective earth connections exist, it is recommended that the protective conductors also be
connected to such points wherever possible. Earthing at additional points, distributed as evenly as possible, may
be necessary to ensure that the potentials of protective conductors remain, in case of a fault, as near as possible
to that of earth.
In large buildings such as high-rise buildings, additional earthing of protective conductors is not possible for
practical reasons. In such buildings protective-equipotential-bonding between protective conductors and
extraneous-conductive-parts has, however, a similar function.
NOTE 2 It is recommended that protective conductors (PE and PEN) should be earthed where they enter any
buildings or premises taking account of any diverted neutral currents.
411.4.3 In fixed installations, a single conductor may serve both as a protective conductor
and as a neutral conductor (PEN conductor) provided that the requirements of 543.4 of
IEC 60364-5-54 are satisfied. No switching or isolating device shall be inserted in the PEN
conductor.
– 12 – 60364-4-41 © IEC:2005
NOTE 1 In Switzerland the main building overcurrent protective device with integrated isolating device in the PEN
conductor forms the interface between the network and the installation of the building.
NOTE 2 In Norway, the use of a PEN conductor downstream of the main distribution board is not allowed.
411.4.4 The characteristics of the protective devices (see 411.4.5) and the circuit
impedances shall fulfil the following requirement:
Z × I ≤ U
s a o
where
Z is the impedance in ohms (Ω) of the fault loop comprising
s
– the source,
– the line conductor up to the point of the fault, and
– the protective conductor between the point of the fault and the source;
I is the current in amperes (A) causing the automatic operation of the disconnecting device
a
within the time specified in 411.3.2.2,or 411.3.2.3. When a residual current protective
device (RCD) is used this current is the residual operating current providing disconnection
in the time specified in 411.3.2.2,or 411.3.2.3:
U is the nominal a.c. or d.c. line to earth voltage in volts (V).
o
NOTE Where compliance with this subclause is provided by an RCD, the disconnecting times in accordance with
Table 41.1 relate to prospective residual fault currents significantly higher than the rated residual operating current
of the RCD (typically 5 I ).
∆n
411.4.5 In TN systems, the following protective devices may be used for fault protection
(protection against indirect contact):
– overcurrent protective devices;
– residual current protective devices (RCDs).
NOTE 1 Where an RCD is used for fault protection the circuit should also be protected by an overcurrent
protective device in accordance with IEC 60364-4-43.
A residual current protective device (RCD) shall not be used in TN-C systems.
Where an RCD is used in a TN-C-S system, a PEN conductor shall not be used on the load
side. The connection of the protective conductor to the PEN conductor shall be made on the
source side of the RCD.
NOTE 2 Where discrimination between RCDs is necessary, see 535.3 of IEC 60364-5-53.
411.5 TT system
411.5.1 All exposed-conductive-parts collectively protected by the same protective device
shall be connected by the protective conductors to an earth electrode common to all those
parts. Where several protective devices are utilized in series, this requirement applies
separately to all the exposed-conductive-parts protected by each device.
The neutral point or the mid-point of the power supply system shall be earthed. If a neutral
point or mid-point is not available or not accessible, a line conductor shall be earthed.
NOTE In the Netherlands the resistance of the earth electrode should be as low as practicable, but in any case
not exceeding 166 Ω.
411.5.2 Generally in TT systems, RCDs shall be used for fault protection . Alternatively,
overcurrent protective devices may be used for fault protection provided a suitably low value
of Z is permanently and reliably assured.
s
60364-4-41 © IEC:2005 – 13 –
NOTE 1 Where an RCD is used for fault protection the circuit should also be protected by an overcurrent
protective device in accordance with IEC 60364-4-43.
NOTE 2 The use of fault-voltage operated protective devices is not covered by this standard.
NOTE 3 In the Netherlands where an earthing system is used for more than one electrical installation compliance
with 411.5.3 shall remain effective in case of
– any single break of the earthing system,
– failure of any residual current protective device (RCD).
411.5.3 Where a residual current protective device (RCD) is used for fault protection, the
following conditions shall be fulfilled:
i) the disconnection time as required by 411.3.2.2 or 411.3.2.4, and
ii) R x I ≤ 50 V
A Δn
where
R is the sum of the resistance in Ω of the earth electrode and the protective conductor for
A
the exposed conductive-parts,
I is the rated residual operating current of the RCD.
∆n
NOTE 1 Fault protection is provided in this case also if the fault impedance is not negligible.
NOTE 2 Where discrimination between RCDs is necessary see 535.3 of IEC 60364-5-53.
NOTE 3 Where R is not known, it may be replaced by Z .

A S
NOTE 4 The disconnection times in accordance with Table 41.1 relate to prospective residual fault currents
significantly higher than the rated residual operating current of the RCD (typically 5 I ).
∆n
411.5.4 Where an over-current protective device is used the following condition shall be
fulfilled:
Z × / ≤ U
s a o
where
Z is the impedance in Ω of the fault loop comprising
s
− the source,
− the line conductor up to the point of the fault,
− the protective conductor of the exposed-conductive-parts,
− the earthing conductor,
− the earth electrode of the installation and
− the earth electrode of the source;
I is the current in A causing the automatic operation of the disconnecting device within the
a
time specified in 411.3.2.2 or 411.3.2.4;
U is the nominal a.c. or d.c. line to earth voltage.
o
411.6 IT system
411.6.1 In IT systems live parts shall be insulated from earth or connected to earth through
a sufficiently high impedance. This connection may be made either at the neutral point or mid-
point of the system or at an artificial neutral point. The latter may be connected directly to
earth if the resulting impedance to earth is sufficiently high at the system frequency. Where
no neutral point or mid-point exists, a line conductor may be connected to earth through a
high impedance.
The fault current is then low in the event of a single fault to an exposed-conductive-part or to
earth and automatic disconnection in accordance with 411.3.2 is not imperative provided the
condition in 411.6.2 is fulfilled. Provisions shall be taken, however, to avoid risk of harmful
pathophysiological effects on a person in contact with simultaneously accessible exposed-
conductive-parts in the event of two faults existing simultaneously.

– 14 – 60364-4-41 © IEC:2005
NOTE 1 To reduce overvoltage or to damp voltage oscillation, it may be necessary to provide earthing through
impedances or artificial neutral points, and the characteristics of these should be appropriate to the requirements
of the installation.
NOTE 2 In Norway, where more installations are likely to have galvanic connection to the same distribution
network, all final circuits in IT installations with galvanic connection to a public IT distribution network need to be
disconnected within the time specified for a TN system (see Table 41.1) in the event of a fault of negligible
impedance between the line conductor and an exposed-conductive-part or a protective conductor in the circuit or
equipment.
411.6.2 Exposed-conductive-parts shall be earthed individually, in groups, or collectively.
The following condition shall be fulfilled:
– in a.c. systems R × I ≤ 50 V
A d
– in d.c. systems R × I ≤ 120 V
A d
where
R is the sum of the resistance in Ω of the earth electrode and protective conductor for the
A
exposed-conductive-parts;
I is the fault current in A of the first fault of negligible impedance between a line
d
conductor and an exposed-conductive-part. The value of I takes account of leakage
d
currents and the total earthing impedance of the electrical installation.
411.6.3 In IT systems the following monitoring devices and protective devices may be used:
– insulation monitoring devices (IMDs);
– residual current monitoring devices (RCMs)
– insulation fault location systems;
– overcurrent protective devices;
– residual current protective devices (RCDs).
NOTE Where a residual current operating device (RCD) is used, tripping of the RCD in event of a first fault cannot
be excluded due to capacitive leakage currents.
411.6.3.1 In cases where an IT system is used for reasons of continuity of supply, an
insulation monitoring device shall be provided to indicate the occurrence of a first fault from a
live part to exposed-conductive-parts or to earth. This device shall initiate an audible and/or
visual signal which shall continue as long as the fault persists.
If there are both audible and visible signals, it is permissible for the audible signal to be
cancelled.
NOTE 1 It is recommended that a first fault be eliminated with the shortest practicable delay.
NOTE 2 In the Netherlands for an IT supply system used for reasons of continuity of supply, and where the
system is connected to earth through an impedance (see 411.6.1), an RCM may be provided to monitor the system
instead of an IMD.
411.6.3.2 Except where a protective device is installed to interrupt the supply in the event of
the first earth fault, an RCM or an insulation fault location system may be provided to indicate
the occurrence of a first fault from a live part to exposed-conductive-parts or to earth. This
device shall initiate an audible and/or visual signal, which shall continue as long as the fault
persists.
If there are both audible and visual signals it is permissible for the audible signal to be
cancelled, but the visual alarm shall continue as long as the fault persists.
NOTE It is recommended that a first fault be eliminated with the shortest practicable delay.

60364-4-41 © IEC:2005 – 15 –
411.6.4 After the occurrence of a first fault, conditions for automatic disconnection of supply
in the event of a second fault occurring on a different live conductor shall be as follows:
a) Where exposed-conductive-parts are interconnected by a protective conductor collectively
earthed to the same earthi
...


IEC 60364-4-41 ®
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Low-voltage electrical installations –
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Installations électriques à basse tension –
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IEC 60364-4-41 ®
Edition 5.1 2017-03
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
GROUP SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION GROUPÉE DE SÉCURITÉ

Low-voltage electrical installations –

Part 4-41: Protection for safety – Protection against electric shock

Installations électriques à basse tension –

Partie 4-41: Protection pour assurer la sécurité – Protection contre les chocs

électriques
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 13.260; 91.140.50 ISBN 978-2-8322-4126-4

IEC 60364-4-41 ®
Edition 5.1 2017-03
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
GROUP SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION GROUPÉE DE SÉCURITÉ

Low-voltage electrical installations –
Part 4-41: Protection for safety – Protection against electric shock

Installations électriques à basse tension –
Partie 4-41: Protection pour assurer la sécurité – Protection contre les chocs
électriques
– 2 – IEC 60364-4-41:2005+AMD1:2017 CSV
 IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
410 Introduction . 5
410.1 Scope . 6
410.2 Normative references . 6
410.3 General requirements . 7
411 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply . 8
411.1 General . 8
411.2 Requirements for basic protection . 8
411.3 Requirements for fault protection . 9
411.4 TN system . 11
411.5 TT system. 13
411.6 IT system . 14
411.7 Functional extra-low voltage (FELV) . 16
412 Protective measure: double or reinforced insulation . 17
412.1 General . 17
412.2 Requirements for basic protection and fault protection . 18
413 Protective measure: electrical separation . 20
413.1 General . 20
413.2 Requirements for basic protection . 20
413.3 Requirements for fault protection . 20
414 Protective measure: extra-low-voltage provided by SELV and PELV . 21
414.1 General . 21
414.2 Requirements for basic protection and fault protection . 21
414.3 Sources for SELV and PELV . 22
414.4 Requirements for SELV and PELV circuits . 22
415 Additional protection . 23
415.1 Additional protection: residual current protective devices (RCDs) . 23
415.2 Additional protection: supplementary protective equipotential bonding . 23
Annex A (normative) Provisions for basic protection . 25
Annex B (normative) Obstacles and placing out of reach . 27
Annex C (normative) Protective measures for application only when the installation is
controlled or under the supervision of skilled or instructed persons . 29
Annex D (informative) Correspondence between IEC 60364-4-41:2001 and the present
standard .
Annex D (normative) Provisions where automatic disconnection according to 411.3.2
is not feasible . 34
Annex E (informative) List of notes concerning certain countries . 35
Bibliography . 39

Figure B.1 – Zone of arm's reach . 28

Table 41.1 – Maximum disconnection times . 10
Table D.1 – Correspondence between IEC 60364-4-41:2001 and the present standard .

 IEC 2017
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS –
Part 4-41: Protection for safety –
Protection against electric shock
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
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patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This consolidated version of the official IEC Standard and its amendment has been prepared
for user convenience.
IEC 60364-4-41 edition 5.1 contains the fifth edition (2005-12) [documents 64/1489/FDIS and
64/1500/RVD] and its amendment 1 (2017-03) [documents 64/2147/FDIS and 64/2151/RVD].
In this Redline version, a vertical line in the margin shows where the technical content
is modified by amendment 1. Additions are in green text, deletions are in strikethrough
red text. A separate Final version with all changes accepted is available in this
publication.
– 4 – IEC 60364-4-41:2005+AMD1:2017 CSV
© IEC 2017
International Standard IEC 60364-4-41 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 64:
Electrical installations and protection against electric shock.
This fifth edition constitutes a technical revision.
The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below:
– adoption of IEC 61140 terminology;
– layout rationalized on basis of complete protective measures (i.e. appropriate practical
combinations of protective provision in normal service (direct contact protection) and
protective provision in case of a fault (indirect contact protection);
– requirements of 471 and 481, which were included in the fourth edition have been
rationalized
– disconnection requirements for TT systems clarified;
– IT systems considered more fully;
– requirements in certain cases for additional protection of socket-outlets by means of a
30 mA RCD, where the protective measure is automatic disconnection of supply.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
It has the status of a group safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.
The Part 4 series comprises the following parts under the general title Low-voltage electrical
installations:
Part 4-41: Protection for safety – Protection against electric shock
Part 4-42: Protection for safety – Protection against thermal effects
Part 4-43: Protection for safety – Protection against overcurrent
Part 4-44: Protection for safety – Protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic
disturbances
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendment will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
The contents of the corrigendum of February 2018 have been included in this copy.

IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
 IEC 2017
410 Introduction
This Part 4-41 of IEC 60364 deals with protection against electric shock as applied to
electrical installations. It is based on IEC 61140 which is a basic safety standard that applies
to the protection of persons and livestock. IEC 61140 is intended to give fundamental
principles and requirements that are common to electrical installations and equipment or are
necessary for their co-ordination.
The fundamental rule of protection against electric shock, according to IEC 61140, is that
hazardous-live-parts must not be accessible and accessible conductive parts must not be
hazardous live, neither under normal conditions nor under single fault conditions.
According to 4.2 of IEC 61140, protection under normal conditions is provided by basic
protective provisions and protection under single fault conditions is provided by fault
protective provisions. Alternatively, protection against electric shock is provided by an
enhanced protective provision, which provides protection under normal conditions and under
single fault conditions.
This standard has the status of a group safety publication (GSP) for protection against electric
shock.
In the fourth edition of IEC 60364 (2001):
– protection under normal conditions (now designated basic protection) was referred to as
protection against direct contact and
– protection under fault conditions (now designated fault protection) was referred to as
protection against indirect contact.

– 6 – IEC 60364-4-41:2005+AMD1:2017 CSV
 IEC 2017
LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS –

Part 4-41: Protection for safety –
Protection against electric shock

410.1 Scope
Part 4-41 of IEC 60364 specifies essential requirements regarding protection against electric
shock, including basic protection (protection against direct contact) and fault protection
(protection against indirect contact) of persons and livestock. It deals also with the application
and co-ordination of these requirements in relation to external influences.
Requirements are also given for the application of additional protection in certain cases.
410.2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60364-5-52, Low-voltage electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-52: Selection and
)
erection of electrical equipment – Wiring systems
IEC 60364-5-54, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-54: Selection and erection of
electrical equipment – Earthing arrangements, protective conductors and protective bonding
conductors
)
IEC 60364-6, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 6: Verification
IEC 60439-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies – Part 1: Type-tested and
partially type-tested assemblies
IEC 60449, Voltage bands for electrical installations of buildings
IEC 60614 (all parts), Conduits for electrical installations – Specification
IEC 61084 (all parts), Cable trunking and ducting systems for electrical installations
IEC 61140, Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and equipment
IEC 61386 (all parts), Conduit systems for electrical installations
IEC 61439 (all parts), Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies
IEC 61558-2-6, Safety of power transformers, power supply units and similar – Part 2-6:
Particular requirements for safety isolating transformers for general use
IEC 62477-1, Safety requirements for power electronic converter systems and equipment –
Part 1: General
———————
)
A new edition is currently under consideration.
)
To be published.
 IEC 2017
IEC Guide 104, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications
and group safety publications
410.3 General requirements
410.3.1 In this standard the following specification of voltages is intended unless otherwise
stated:
– a.c. voltages are r.m.s.;
– d.c. voltages are ripple-free.
Ripple-free is conventionally defined as an r.m.s. ripple voltage of not more than 10 % of the
d.c. component.
410.3.2 A protective measure shall consist of
– an appropriate combination of a provision for basic protection and an independent
provision for fault protection, or
– an enhanced protective provision which provides both basic protection and fault
protection.
Additional protection is specified as part of a protective measure under certain conditions of
external influences and in certain special locations (see the corresponding Part 7 of
IEC 60364).
NOTE 1 For special applications, protective measures which do not follow this concept are permitted (see 410.3.5
and 410.3.6).
NOTE 2 An example of an enhanced protective measure is reinforced insulation.
410.3.3 In each part of an installation one or more protective measures shall be applied,
taking account of the conditions of external influence.
The following protective measures generally are permitted:
– automatic disconnection of supply (Clause 411),
– double or reinforced insulation (Clause 412),
– electrical separation for the supply of one item of current-using equipment (Clause 413),
– extra-low-voltage (SELV and PELV) (Clause 414).
The protective measures applied in the installation shall be considered in the selection and
erection of equipment.
For particular installations see 410.3.4 to 410.3.9.
NOTE In electrical installations the most commonly used protective measure is automatic disconnection of supply.
410.3.4 For special installations or locations, the particular protective measures in the
corresponding Part 7 of IEC 60364 shall be applied.
410.3.5 The protective measures, specified in Annex B, i.e. the use of obstacles and placing
out of reach, shall only be used in installations accessible to
– skilled or instructed persons, or
– persons under the supervision of skilled or instructed persons.
410.3.6 The protective measures, specified in Annex C, i.e.
– non-conducting location,
– 8 – IEC 60364-4-41:2005+AMD1:2017 CSV
 IEC 2017
– earth-free local equipotential bonding,
– electrical separation for the supply of more than one item of current-using equipment,
may be applied only when the installation is under the supervision of skilled or instructed
persons so that unauthorized changes cannot be made.
410.3.7 If certain conditions of a protective measure cannot be met, supplementary
provisions shall be applied so that the protective provisions together achieve the same degree
of safety.
NOTE An example of the application of this rule is given in 411.7.
410.3.8 Different protective measures applied to the same installation or part of an
installation or within equipment shall have no influence on each other such that failure of one
protective measure could impair the other protective measures.
410.3.9 The provision for fault protection (protection against indirect contact) may be omitted
for the following equipment:
– metal supports of overhead line insulators which are attached to the building and are
placed out of arm’s reach;
– steel reinforced concrete poles of overhead lines in which the steel reinforcement is not
accessible;
– exposed-conductive-parts which, owing to their reduced dimensions (approximately
50 mm x 50 mm) or their disposition cannot be gripped or come into significant contact
with a part of the human body and provided that connection with a protective conductor
could only be made with difficulty or would be unreliable.
NOTE 1 This exemption applies, for example, to bolts, rivets, nameplates and cable clips.
NOTE 2 In the USA, all exposed-conductive-parts are bonded to the protective conductor.
– metal tubes or other metal enclosures protecting equipment in accordance with
Clause 412.
411 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply
411.1 General
Automatic disconnection of supply is a protective measure in which
– basic protection is provided by basic insulation of live parts or by barriers or enclosures, in
accordance with Annex A, and
– fault protection is provided by protective equipotential bonding and automatic
disconnection in case of a fault in accordance with 411.3 to 411.6.
NOTE 1 Where this protective measure is applied, Class II equipment may also be used.
Where specified, additional protection is provided by a residual current protective device
(RCD) with rated residual operating current not exceeding 30 mA in accordance with 415.1.
NOTE 2 Residual current monitors (RCMs) are not protective devices but they may be used to monitor residual
currents in electrical installations. RCMs produce an audible or audible and visual signal when a preselected value
of residual current is exceeded
411.2 Requirements for basic protection
All electrical equipment shall comply with one of the provisions for basic protection (protection
against direct contact) described in Annex A or, where appropriate, Annex B.

 IEC 2017
411.3 Requirements for fault protection
411.3.1 Protective earthing and protective equipotential bonding
411.3.1.1 Protective earthing
Exposed-conductive-parts shall be connected to a protective conductor under the specific
conditions for each type of system earthing as specified in 411.4 to 411.6.
Simultaneously accessible exposed-conductive-parts shall be connected to the same earthing
system individually, in groups or collectively.
Conductors for protective earthing shall comply with IEC 60364-5-54.
Each circuit shall have available a protective conductor connected to the relevant earthing
terminal.
411.3.1.2 Protective equipotential bonding
In each building, the earthing conductor, the main earthing terminal and the following
conductive parts shall be connected to the protective equipotential bonding incoming metallic
parts which are liable to introduce a dangerous potential difference and do not form part of
the electrical installation shall be connected to the main earthing terminal by protective
bonding conductors; examples of such metallic parts may include:
• metallic pipes supplying services into the building, for example gas, water, district heating
systems;
• structural extraneous-conductive-parts if accessible in normal use, metallic central heating
and air-conditioning systems;
• metallic accessible reinforcements of constructional reinforced concrete, if reasonably
practicable.
Where such conductive parts originate outside the building, they shall be bonded as close as
practicable to their point of entry within the building.
Conductors for protective equipotential bonding shall comply with IEC 60364-5-54.
Any metallic sheath of telecommunication cables shall be connected to the protective
equipotential bonding, taking account of the requirements of the owners or operators of these
cables.
Metallic pipes entering the building having an insulating section installed at their entrance
need not be connected to the protective equipotential bonding.
NOTE Subclause 542.4.1 of IEC 60364-5-54:2011 lists other connections which are to be made to the main
earthing terminal.
411.3.2 Automatic disconnection in case of a fault
411.3.2.1 Except as provided by 411.3.2.5 and 411.3.2.6, A protective device shall
automatically interrupt switch off the supply to the line conductor of a circuit or equipment in
the event of a fault of negligible impedance between the line conductor and an exposed-
conductive-part or a protective conductor in the circuit or equipment within the disconnection
time required in 411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3 or 411.3.2.4.
The device shall be suitable for isolation of at least the line conductor(s).
NOTE 1 Higher values of disconnection time than those required in this subclause may be admitted in systems for
electricity distribution to the public and power generation and transmission for such systems.

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© IEC 2017
NOTE 2 Lower values of disconnection time may be required for special installations or locations according to the
relevant Part 7 of IEC 60364.
NOTE 4 In Belgium 411.3.2.3 is not applicable. The Belgian Wiring Rules (AREI-RGIE) do not specify differences
in automatic disconnection times between distribution circuits and final circuits.
NOTE 5 In Norway for an installation forming part of an IT system and supplied from a public network, automatic
disconnection at the first fault is required
NOTE For IT systems, automatic disconnection is not usually necessarily required on the occurrence of a first
fault (see 411.6.1). For the requirements for disconnection after the first fault see 411.6.4 in the event of a second
fault, occurring on a different live conductor, see 411.6.3.2 following the rules of this subclause.
411.3.2.2 The maximum disconnection time stated in Table 41.1 shall be applied to final
circuits with a rated current not exceeding
• 63 A with one or more socket-outlets, and
• 32 A supplying only fixed connected current-using equipment.
Table 41.1 – Maximum disconnection times
System U > 400 V
50 V < U ≤ 120 V 120 V < U ≤ 230 V 230 V < U ≤ 400 V
o
o o o
s
s s s
a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c.
a
TN 0,8 Note 1 0,4 5 1 0,2 0,4 0,1 0,1
a
TT 0,3 Note 1 0,2 0,4 0,07 0,2 0,04 0,1
Where in TT systems the disconnection is achieved by an overcurrent protective device and the protective
equipotential bonding is connected with all extraneous-conductive-parts within the installation, the maximum
disconnection times applicable to TN systems may be used.
U is the nominal a.c. or d.c. line to earth voltage.
o
NOTE 2 Where disconnection is provided by an RCD see Note to 411.4.4, Note 4 to 411.5.3 and Note to 411.6.4
b).
a
NOTE 1 Disconnection may be required for reasons other than protection against electric shock.
NOTE 3 In Belgium, the last column U >400 V is not applicable. Above 400 V, the Belgian safety curve as
o
given in the Belgian Wiring Rules applies.
NOTE 4 In the Netherlands the maximum disconnection time stated in Table 41.1 is applied to all circuits not
exceeding 32 A and all circuits supplying socket-outlets.
NOTE 5 In China the maximum disconnecting time stated in Table 41.1 is applied to final circuits which supply
hand-held equipment or portable equipment.

411.3.2.3 In TN systems, a disconnection time not exceeding 5 s is permitted for distribution
circuits, and for circuits not covered by 411.3.2.2.
411.3.2.4 In TT systems, a disconnection time not exceeding 1 s is permitted for distribution
circuits and for circuits not covered by 411.3.2.2.
411.3.2.5 For systems with nominal voltage U greater than 50 V a.c. or 120 V d.c.,
o
automatic disconnection in the time required by 411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3 or 411.3.2.4 as
appropriate is not required if in the event of a fault to a protective conductor or earth, the
output voltage of the source is reduced in not more than 5 s to 50 V a.c. or 120 V d.c. or less.
In such cases consideration shall be given to disconnection as required for reasons other than
electric shock.
Where it is not feasible for an overcurrent protective device to interrupt the supply in
accordance with 411.3.2 or the use of an RCD for this purpose is not appropriate, see
Annex D.
However, disconnection may be required for reasons other than protection against electric
shock.
 IEC 2017
411.3.2.6 If automatic disconnection according to 411.3.2.1 cannot be achieved in the time
required by 411.3.2.2, 411.3.2.3, or 411.3.2.4 as appropriate, supplementary protective
equipotential bonding shall be provided in accordance with 415.2.
411.3.3 Additional protection Further requirements for socket-outlets and for the
supply of mobile equipment for use outdoors
In a.c. systems, Additional protection by means of a residual current protective device (RCD)
in accordance with 415.1 with a rated residual operating current not exceeding 30 mA shall be
provided for
– a.c. socket-outlets with a rated current not exceeding 20 32 A that are for liable to be used
by ordinary persons and are intended for general use; and
NOTE 1 An exemption may be made for:
− socket-outlets for use under the supervision of skilled or instructed persons, e.g., in some commercial or
industrial locations or
− a specific socket-outlet provided for connection of a particular item of equipment.
NOTE 2 In Spain and Ireland additional protection is provided for socket-outlets with a rated current up to
32 A intended for use by ordinary persons.
NOTE 3 In Belgium, every electrical installation under the supervision of ordinary persons must be protected
by a RCD with a rated operating residual current not exceeding 300 mA; for circuits supplying bathrooms,
washing machines, dishwashers, etc, an additional protection by means of a RCD with a rated residual
operating current not exceeding 30 mA is mandatory; the above is valid for electrical installations of which the
earthing resistance is lower than 30 Ω; in case of earthing resistance higher than 30 Ω and lower than 100 Ω,
additional RCDs with a rated operating residual current not exceeding 100 mA should be provided. An earthing
resistance higher than 100 Ω is not permitted.
NOTE 4 In Norway all commercial and industrial companies are covered by regulations requiring procedures
for qualifications and training of employees. Except for areas open for the public, socket-outlets in such
locations are normally not considered to be for general use of ordinary people. Socket-outlets in dwellings and
BA2 locations are intended for general use by ordinary people.
NOTE 5 In China a 30 mA RCD is not required for the socket-outlet supplying air conditioning equipment and
erected in position not accessible to persons.
– a.c. mobile equipment for use outdoors with a rated current rating not exceeding 32 A for
use outdoors.
This subclause does not apply for IT systems in which the fault current, in the event of a first
fault, does not exceed 15 mA.
NOTE Additional protection in d.c. systems is under consideration.
411.3.4 Additional requirements for circuits with luminaires in TN- and TT-systems
In premises designed to accommodate a single household, additional protection by a residual
current protective device (RCD) with a rated residual operating current not exceeding 30 mA
shall be provided for a.c. final circuits supplying luminaires.
411.4 TN system
411.4.1 In TN systems the integrity of the earthing of the installation depends on the reliable
and effective connection of the PEN or PE conductors to earth. Where the earthing is
provided from a public or other supply system, compliance with the necessary conditions
external to the installation is the responsibility of the supply network operator.
NOTE 1 Examples of conditions include:
• the PEN is connected to earth at a number of points and is installed in such a way as to minimize the risk of
arising from a break in the PEN conductor;
• R /R ≤ 50/(U – 50)
B E 0
where
R is the earth electrode resistance, in ohms, of all earth electrodes in parallel;
B
R is the minimum contact resistance with earth, in ohms, of extraneous-conductive-parts not connected to a
E
protective conductor, through which a fault between line and earth may occur;
U is the nominal a.c. r.m.s. voltage to earth, in volts.
o
– 12 – IEC 60364-4-41:2005+AMD1:2017 CSV
 IEC 2017
NOTE 2 In Germany compliance with condition R /R ≤ 50 / (U – 50) is compulsory for the supply network
B E o
operator.
411.4.2 The neutral point or the midpoint of the power supply system shall be earthed. If a
neutral point or midpoint is not available or not accessible, a line conductor shall be earthed.
Exposed-conductive-parts of the installation shall be connected by a protective conductor to
the main earthing terminal of the installation which shall be connected to the earthed point of
the power supply system.
NOTE 1 If other effective earth connections exist, it is recommended that the protective
conductors also be connected to such points wherever possible. Earthing at additional points,
distributed as evenly as possible, may be necessary to ensure that the potentials of protective
conductors remain, in case of a fault, as near as possible to that of earth.
In large buildings such as high-rise buildings, additional earthing of protective conductors is not possible for
practical reasons. In such buildings protective-equipotential-bonding between protective conductors and
extraneous-conductive-parts has, however, a similar function.
NOTE 2 It is recommended that protective conductors (PE and PEN) should be earthed where
they enter any buildings or premises taking account of any diverted neutral currents of
multiple earthed PEN conductors.
411.4.3 In fixed installations, a single conductor may serve both as a protective conductor
and as a neutral conductor (PEN conductor) provided that the requirements of 543.4 of
IEC 60364-5-54 are satisfied. No switching or isolating device shall be inserted in the PEN
conductor.
NOTE 1 In Switzerland the main building overcurrent protective device with integrated isolating device in the PEN
conductor forms the interface between the network and the installation of the building.
NOTE 2 In Norway, the use of a PEN conductor downstream of the main distribution board is not allowed.
411.4.4 The characteristics of the protective devices (see 411.4.5) and the circuit
impedances shall fulfil the following requirement:
Z × I ≤ U
s a o
where
Z is the impedance in ohms (Ω) of the fault loop comprising
s
– the source,
– the line conductor up to the point of the fault, and
– the protective conductor between the point of the fault and the source;
I is the current in amperes (A) causing the automatic operation of the disconnecting device
a
within the time specified in 411.3.2.2, or 411.3.2.3. When a residual current protective
device (RCD) is used this current is the residual operating current providing disconnection
in the time specified in 411.3.2.2, or 411.3.2.3:;
U is the nominal a.c. or d.c. line to earth voltage in volts (V).
o
NOTE Where compliance with this subclause is provided by an RCD, the disconnecting times in accordance with
Table 41.1 relate to prospective residual fault currents significantly higher than the rated residual operating current
of the RCD (typically 5 I ). In TN systems the residual fault currents are significantly higher than 5 I . Therefore,
∆n Δn
the disconnection times in accordance with Table 41.1 are fulfilled where residual current protective devices
(RCDs) according to IEC 61008-1, IEC 61009-1 or IEC 62423, including selective and time delayed types, are
installed. Circuit-breakers providing residual current protection (CBR) and MRCDs according to IEC 60947-2 can
be used, provided the time delay is adjusted to afford compliance with Table 41.1.
411.4.5 In TN systems, the following protective devices may be used for fault protection
(protection against indirect contact):
– overcurrent protective devices;
– residual current protective devices (RCDs).
NOTE 1 Where an RCD is used for fault protection the circuit should also be protected by an overcurrent
protective device in accordance with IEC 60364-4-43.

 IEC 2017
A residual current protective device (RCD) shall not be used in TN-C systems.
Where an RCD is used in a TN-C-S system, a PEN conductor shall not be used on the load
side. The connection of the protective conductor to the PEN conductor shall be made on the
source side of the RCD.
NOTE 2 Where discrimination between RCDs is necessary, see 535.3 of IEC 60364-5-53.
411.5 TT system
411.5.1 All exposed-conductive-parts collectively protected by the same protective device
shall be connected by the protective conductors to an earth electrode common to all those
parts. Where several protective devices are utilized in series, this requirement applies
separately to all the exposed-conductive-parts protected by each device.
The neutral point or the mid-point of the power supply system shall be earthed. If a neutral
point or mid-point is not available or not accessible, a line conductor shall be earthed.
NOTE In the Netherlands the resistance of the earth electrode should be as low as practicable, but in any case
not exceeding 166 Ω.
411.5.2 Generally in TT systems, RCDs shall be used for fault protection. Alternatively,
overcurrent protective devices may be used for fault protection provided a suitably low value
of Z (see 411.5.4) is permanently and reliably assured.
s
NOTE 1 Where an RCD is used for fault protection the circuit should also be protected by an overcurrent
protective device in accordance with IEC 60364-4-43.
NOTE 2 The use of fault-voltage operated protective devices is not covered by this standard.
NOTE 3 In the Netherlands where an earthing system is used for more than one electrical installation compliance
with 411.5.3 shall remain effective in case of
– any single break of the earthing system,
– failure of any residual current protective device (RCD).
411.5.3 Where a residual current protective device (RCD) is used for fault protection, th
...

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Frequently Asked Questions

IEC 60364-4-41:2005 is a standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its full title is "Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 4-41: Protection for safety - Protection against electric shock". This standard covers: IEC 60364-4-41:2005 Specifies essential requirements regarding protection against electric shock of persons and livestock. It deals also with the application and co-ordination of these requirements in relation to external influences. Requirements are also given for the application of additional protection in certain cases.

IEC 60364-4-41:2005 Specifies essential requirements regarding protection against electric shock of persons and livestock. It deals also with the application and co-ordination of these requirements in relation to external influences. Requirements are also given for the application of additional protection in certain cases.

IEC 60364-4-41:2005 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 01 - GENERALITIES. TERMINOLOGY. STANDARDIZATION. DOCUMENTATION; 13.260 - Protection against electric shock. Live working; 91.140.50 - Electricity supply systems. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

IEC 60364-4-41:2005 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to IEC 60364-4-41:2005/AMD1:2017, IEC 60364-4-41:2001. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

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