81 - GLASS AND CERAMICS INDUSTRIES
ICS 81 Details
GLASS AND CERAMICS INDUSTRIES
GLASINDUSTRIE. KERAMIKINDUSTRIE
INDUSTRIES DU VERRE ET DE LA CERAMIQUE
STEKLARSKA IN KERAMIČNA INDUSTRIJA
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 81 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "GLASS AND CERAMICS INDUSTRIES". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 3224 standards classified under ICS 81 (GLASS AND CERAMICS INDUSTRIES). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document specifies a method for the determination of the modulus of rupture of dense and insulating shaped refractory products at ambient temperature, under conditions of a constant rate of increase of stress.
Shaped refractories are those which have fixed geometry and dimensions when delivered to the user. This document is accordingly applicable to standard shape refractory bricks, but also special shapes refractory products and pre-cast products.
This document is also applicable to unshaped refractories (see ISO 1927-6) after preparation of test specimens according to ISO 1927-5.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of ISO 8894 describes a hot-wire (parallel) method for the determination of the thermal conductivity of refractory products and materials. It is applicable to dense and insulating shaped products and to powdered or granular materials (see 6.2), for thermal conductivities of less than 25 W/m·K. The limits are imposed by the thermal diffusivity of the test material and therefore by the dimensions of the test pieces; higher thermal conductivities can be measured if larger pieces are used. Electrically conducting materials cannot be measured.
NOTE 1 The thermal conductivity of products with a hydraulic or chemical bond can be affected by the appreciable amount of water that is retained after hardening or setting and is released on firing. These materials can therefore require pretreatment. The nature and extent of such pretreatment, and the period for which the test piece is held at the measurement temperature as a preliminary to carrying out the test, are details that are outside the scope of this part of ISO 8894 and are agreed between the parties concerned.
NOTE 2 In general, it is difficult to make measurements on anisotropic materials and the use of this method for such materials is also agreed between the parties concerned.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determination of the cold compressive strength of dense shaped refractory products.
Shaped refractories are those which have fixed geometry and dimensions when delivered to the user. This document is accordingly applicable to standard shape refractory bricks, but also special shapes refractory products and pre-cast products.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the conditions for the determination of the tensile creep deformation and failure behaviour of single filaments of ceramic fibres at high temperature and under test conditions that prevent changes to the material as a result of chemical reaction with the test environment.
This document applies to continuous ceramic filaments taken from tows, yarns, braids and knittings, which have strains to fracture less than or equal to 5 %.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the conditions for the determination of the tensile creep deformation and failure behaviour of single filaments of ceramic fibres at high temperature and under test conditions that prevent changes to the material as a result of chemical reaction with the test environment.
This document applies to continuous ceramic filaments taken from tows, yarns, braids and knittings, which have strains to fracture less than or equal to 5 %.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the modulus of rupture of dense and insulating shaped refractory products at ambient temperature, under conditions of a constant rate of increase of stress.
Shaped refractories are those which have fixed geometry and dimensions when delivered to the user. This document is accordingly applicable to standard shape refractory bricks, but also special shapes refractory products and pre-cast products.
This document is also applicable to unshaped refractories (see ISO 1927-6) after preparation of test specimens according to ISO 1927-5.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determination of the cold compressive strength of dense shaped refractory products.
Shaped refractories are those which have fixed geometry and dimensions when delivered to the user. This document is accordingly applicable to standard shape refractory bricks, but also special shapes refractory products and pre-cast products.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 8894-2:2007 describes a hot-wire (parallel) method for the determination of the thermal conductivity of refractory products and materials.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the conditions for determination of the tensile properties of single filaments of ceramic fibre such as the tensile strength, Young modulus and fracture strain.
This document applies to continuous ceramic filaments taken from tows, yarns, braids and knittings, which have strain to fracture less than or equal to 5 %.
This document does not apply to carbon fibres that exhibit a nonlinear stress-strain curve. This document does not apply to checking the homogeneity of strength properties of fibres, or to assessing the effects of volume under stress. Methods of estimation of strength statistical parameters are indicated.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 14627:2012 describes a test method that covers the determination of fracture resistance of silicon nitride bearing balls at room temperature by the indentation fracture (IF) method, as specified in ISO 26602.
ISO 14627:2012 is intended for use with monolithic silicon nitride ceramics for bearing balls. It does not include other ceramic materials.
ISO 14627:2012 is for material comparison and quality assurance.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of nominal compressive strength of advanced monolithic technical ceramic materials at room temperature.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies methods for the chemical analysis of impurities present in aluminium oxide powders used as a raw material for fine ceramics.
Aluminium oxide powders are decomposed by acid pressure decomposition, acid decomposition or alkali fusion. The calcium, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium, silicon, sodium, titanium, zinc and zirconium contents in the test solution are determined by an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES).
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a calculation method to determine the thermal transmittance of glass with flat and parallel surfaces.
This document applies to uncoated glass (including glass with structured surfaces, e.g. patterned glass), coated glass and materials not transparent in the far infrared which is the case for soda lime glass products, borosilicate glass, glass ceramic, alkaline earth silicate glass and alumino silicate glass. It applies also to multiple glazing comprising such glasses and/or materials. It does not apply to multiple glazing which include in the gas space sheets or foils that are far infrared transparent.
The procedure specified in this document determines the U value (thermal transmittance) in the central area of glazing.
The edge effects due to the thermal bridge through the spacer of an insulating glass unit or through the window frame are not included. Furthermore, energy transfer due to solar radiation is not taken into account. The effects of Georgian and other bars are excluded from the scope of this document.
NOTE EN ISO 10077 1:2017 provides a methodology for calculating the overall U value of windows, doors and shutters [1], taking account of the U value calculated for the glass components according to this document.
Also excluded from the calculation methodology are any effects due to gases that absorb infrared radiation in the 5 to 50 µm range.
The primary purpose of this document is product comparison, for which a vertical position of the glazing is specified. In addition, U values are calculated using the same procedure for other purposes, in particular for predicting:
- heat loss through glass;
- conduction heat gains in summer;
- condensation on glass surfaces;
- the effect of the absorbed solar radiation in determining the solar factor [2].
Reference can be made to [3], [4] and [5] or other European Standards dealing with heat loss calculations for the application of glazing U values determined by this standard.
Reference can be made to [6] for detailed calculations of U values of glazing, including shading devices.
Vacuum Insulating Glass (VIG) is excluded from the scope of this document. For determination of the U value of VIG, please refer to EN 674 or ISO 19916-1.
A procedure for the determination of emissivity is given in EN 12898.
The rules have been made as simple as possible consistent with accuracy.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of nominal compressive strength of advanced monolithic technical ceramic materials at room temperature.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the conditions for determination of the tensile properties of single filaments of ceramic fibre such as the tensile strength, Young modulus and fracture strain.
This document applies to continuous ceramic filaments taken from tows, yarns, braids and knittings, which have strain to fracture less than or equal to 5 %.
This document does not apply to carbon fibres that exhibit a nonlinear stress-strain curve. This document does not apply to checking the homogeneity of strength properties of fibres, or to assessing the effects of volume under stress. Methods of estimation of strength statistical parameters are indicated.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 14627:2012 describes a test method that covers the determination of fracture resistance of silicon nitride bearing balls at room temperature by the indentation fracture (IF) method, as specified in ISO 26602.
ISO 14627:2012 is intended for use with monolithic silicon nitride ceramics for bearing balls. It does not include other ceramic materials.
ISO 14627:2012 is for material comparison and quality assurance.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies methods for the chemical analysis of impurities present in aluminium oxide powders used as a raw material for fine ceramics.
Aluminium oxide powders are decomposed by acid pressure decomposition, acid decomposition or alkali fusion. The calcium, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium, silicon, sodium, titanium, zinc and zirconium contents in the test solution are determined by an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES).
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the determination of the flexural strength of ceramic matrix composite materials with continuous fibre reinforcement, under three-point or four-point bend at room temperature. This document is applicable to all ceramic matrix composites with a continuous fibre reinforcement, unidirectional (1D), bidirectional (2D), and tridirectional xD with (2 < x ≤ 3) as defined in ISO 19634, loaded along one principal axis of reinforcement. This document is not intended to be used to obtain absolute values of strength for design purposes.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the conditions for determination of the tensile properties of single filaments of ceramic fibre such as the tensile strength, Young modulus and fracture strain. This document applies to continuous ceramic filaments taken from tows, yarns, braids and knittings, which have strain to fracture less than or equal to 5 %. This document does not apply to carbon fibres that exhibit a nonlinear stress-strain curve. This document does not apply to checking the homogeneity of strength properties of fibres, or to assessing the effects of volume under stress. Methods of estimation of strength statistical parameters are indicated.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard10 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard10 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a test method for the determination of the flexural strength of ceramic matrix composite materials with continuous fibre reinforcement, under three-point or four-point bend at room temperature. This document is applicable to all ceramic matrix composites with a continuous fibre reinforcement, unidirectional (1D), bidirectional (2D), and tridirectional xD with (2 < x ≤ 3) as defined in ISO 19634, loaded along one principal axis of reinforcement.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the determination of the air-purification performance, with regards to removal of acetaldehyde, of materials that contain a photocatalyst or have photocatalytic films on the surface, usually made from semiconducting metal oxides such as titanium dioxide or other ceramic materials, by continuous exposure of a test piece to the model air pollutant under illumination from indoor light. This document is applicable for use with different kinds of materials, such as construction materials in flat sheet, board or plate shape, which are the basic forms of materials for various applications. This document also applies to materials in honeycomb form, and to plastic or paper materials containing ceramic microcrystals and composites. This document does not apply to powder or granular photocatalytic materials. This test method is usually applicable to photocatalytic materials produced for air purification. This method is not suitable for the determination of other performance attributes of photocatalytic materials, i.e. decomposition of water contaminants, self-cleaning, antifogging and antibacterial actions.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a test method for the determination of the air-purification performance, with regards to removal of methyl mercaptan, of materials that contain a photocatalyst or have photocatalytic films on the surface, usually made from semiconducting metal oxides such as titanium dioxide or other ceramic materials, by continuous exposure of a test piece to the model air pollutant under illumination with indoor light. This document is applicable for use with different kinds of materials, such as construction materials in flat sheet, board or plate shape, which are the basic forms of materials for various applications. This document also applies to materials in honeycomb form, and to plastic or paper materials containing ceramic microcrystals and composites. This document does not apply to powder or granular photocatalytic materials. This test method is usually applicable to photocatalytic materials produced for air purification. This method is not suitable for the determination of other performance attributes of photocatalytic materials, i.e. decomposition of water contaminants, self-cleaning, antifogging and antibacterial actions.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a test method for the determination of the air purification performance, with regards to removal of nitric oxide, of materials that contain a photocatalyst or have photocatalytic films on the surface, usually made from semiconducting metal oxides such as titanium dioxide or other ceramic materials, by continuous exposure of a test piece to the model air pollutant under illumination from indoor light. This document is applicable for use with different kinds of materials, such as construction materials in flat sheet, board or plate shape, which are the basic forms of materials for various applications. This document also applies to materials in honeycomb form, and to plastic or paper materials containing ceramic microcrystals and composites. This document does not apply to certain test pieces that contain a large amount of adsorbent, due to unattained adsorption equilibrium. This document does not apply to powder or granular photocatalytic materials. This test method is usually applicable to photocatalytic materials produced for air purification. This method is not suitable for the determination of other performance attributes of photocatalytic materials, i.e. decomposition of water contaminants, self-cleaning, antifogging and antibacterial actions.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a test method for the determination of the air-purification performance, with regards to the removal of formaldehyde, of materials that contain a photocatalyst or have photocatalytic films on the surface, usually made from semiconducting metal oxides such as titanium dioxide or other ceramic materials, by continuous exposure of a test piece to the model air pollutant under illumination from indoor light. This document is applicable for use with different kinds of materials, such as construction materials in flat sheet, board or plate shape, which are the basic forms of materials for various applications. This document also applies to materials in honeycomb form, and to plastic or paper materials containing ceramic microcrystals and composites. This document does not apply to powder or granular photocatalytic materials. This test method is usually applicable to photocatalytic materials produced for air purification. This method is not suitable for the determination of other performance attributes of photocatalytic materials, i.e. decomposition of water contaminants, self-cleaning, antifogging and antibacterial actions.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a test method for the determination of the flexural strength of ceramic matrix composite materials with continuous fibre reinforcement, under three-point or four-point bend at room temperature. This document is applicable to all ceramic matrix composites with a continuous fibre reinforcement, unidirectional (1D), bidirectional (2D), and tridirectional xD with (2 x ≤ 3) as defined in ISO 19634, loaded along one principal axis of reinforcement.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard9 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard9 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a test method for the determination of the air-purification performance, with regards to the removal of toluene, of materials that contain a photocatalyst or have photocatalytic films on the surface, usually made from semiconducting metal oxides such as titanium dioxide or other ceramic materials, by continuous exposure of a test piece to the model air pollutant under illumination from indoor light. This document is applicable for use with different kinds of materials, such as construction materials in flat sheet, board or plate shape, which are the basic forms of materials for various applications. This document also applies to materials in honeycomb form, and to plastic or paper materials containing ceramic microcrystals and composites. This document does not apply to powder or granular photocatalytic materials. This test method is usually applicable to photocatalytic materials produced for air purification. This method is not suitable for the determination of other performance attributes of photocatalytic materials, i.e. decomposition of water contaminants, self-cleaning, antifogging and antibacterial actions.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies methods for chemical analysis of impurities in refined high-purity yttrium oxide (Y2O3) powders used as a raw material for fine ceramics. This document is applicable for determination of aluminium (Al), calcium (Ca), cobalt (Co), iron (Fe) and silicon (Si) in yttrium oxide powders. Yttrium oxide powders are decomposed by microwave decomposition method. The aluminium (Al), calcium (Ca), cobalt (Co), iron (Fe) and silicon (Si) contents are determined by using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). This document does not apply to coarse unrefined powders from mineral extraction and processing operations, which are covered by ISO 24181-1.
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This document specifies a method for the determination of the mass fractions of the elements Al, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Ti, V and Zr in powdered and granular silicon carbide.
Dependent on element, emission lines, plasma conditions and sample mass, this test method is applicable for mass fractions of the above trace contaminations from about 0,1 mg/kg to about 1 000 mg/kg, after evaluation also from 0,001 mg/kg to about 5 000 mg/kg.
NOTE 1 Generally for optical emission spectrometry using inductively coupled plasma and electrothermal vaporization (ETV-ICP-OES) there is a linear working range of up to four orders of magnitude. This range can be expanded for the respective elements by variation of the sample mass or by choosing emission lines with different sensitivity.
After adequate verification, this document is also applicable to further metallic elements (excepting Rb and Cs) and some non-metallic contaminations (like P and S) and other allied non-metallic powdered or granular materials like carbides, nitrides, graphite, soot, coke, coal, and some other oxidic materials (see [1], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9] and [10]).
NOTE 2 There is positive experience with materials like, for example, graphite, boron carbide (B4C), silicon nitride (Si3N4), boron nitride (BN) and several metal oxides as well as with the determination of P and S in some of these materials.
- Standard28 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes a method for the analysis of mass fractions of the impurities Al, B, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Ti, V and Zr in powdered and grain-shaped silicon carbide of ceramic raw materials and ceramic materials. This application can also be extended to other metallic elements and other similar non-metallic powdered and grain-shaped materials such as carbides, nitrides, graphite, carbon blacks, cokes, carbon, as well as a number of further oxidic raw and basic materials after appropriate testing.
NOTE There is positive experience with materials such as, for example, graphite, boron carbide (B4C), boron nitride (BN), tungsten carbide (WC) and several refractory metal oxides.
This testing procedure is applicable to mass fractions of the impurities mentioned above from approximately 1 mg/kg up to approximately 3 000 mg/kg, after verification. In some cases, it is possible to extend the range up to 5 000 mg/kg depending on element, emission lines, DCArc parameters, and sample mass.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes a method for the analysis of mass fractions of the impurities Al, B, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Ti, V and Zr in powdered and grain-shaped silicon carbide of ceramic raw materials and ceramic materials. This application can also be extended to other metallic elements and other similar non-metallic powdered and grain-shaped materials such as carbides, nitrides, graphite, carbon blacks, cokes, carbon, as well as a number of further oxidic raw and basic materials after appropriate testing.
NOTE There is positive experience with materials such as, for example, graphite, boron carbide (B4C), boron nitride (BN), tungsten carbide (WC) and several refractory metal oxides.
This testing procedure is applicable to mass fractions of the impurities mentioned above from approximately 1 mg/kg up to approximately 3 000 mg/kg, after verification. In some cases, it is possible to extend the range up to 5 000 mg/kg depending on element, emission lines, DCArc parameters, and sample mass.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the mass fractions of the elements Al, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Ti, V and Zr in powdered and granular silicon carbide.
Dependent on element, emission lines, plasma conditions and sample mass, this test method is applicable for mass fractions of the above trace contaminations from about 0,1 mg/kg to about 1 000 mg/kg, after evaluation also from 0,001 mg/kg to about 5 000 mg/kg.
NOTE 1 Generally for optical emission spectrometry using inductively coupled plasma and electrothermal vaporization (ETV-ICP-OES) there is a linear working range of up to four orders of magnitude. This range can be expanded for the respective elements by variation of the sample mass or by choosing emission lines with different sensitivity.
After adequate verification, this document is also applicable to further metallic elements (excepting Rb and Cs) and some non-metallic contaminations (like P and S) and other allied non-metallic powdered or granular materials like carbides, nitrides, graphite, soot, coke, coal, and some other oxidic materials (see [1], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9] and [10]).
NOTE 2 There is positive experience with materials like, for example, graphite, boron carbide (B4C), silicon nitride (Si3N4), boron nitride (BN) and several metal oxides as well as with the determination of P and S in some of these materials.
- Standard28 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the irradiation equipment using ultraviolet light emitting diode (UV-LED) and optical radiometry for testing the performance of semiconducting photocatalytic materials. The UV-LED irradiation equipment specified in this document uses UV-LEDs having a peak wavelength of 365 nm in the UV-A range and applies for a semiconductor photocatalyst exhibiting a photocatalytic function at this wavelength. This document applies only to irradiation equipment using UV-LED. ISO 10677[ REF Reference_ref_2 \r \h 2 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000100000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F0032000000 ] is applicable for equipment using conventional UV light sources such as fluorescent lamps.
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This document gives precisions on the mounting and fixing rules for testing glass products and provides guidance. It defines procedures for extended application of test results obtained in accordance with EN ISO 1716, EN ISO 11925 2, EN ISO 1182 and EN 13823 and classified according to EN 13501 1.
The extended application rules in this document are not applicable to laminated glass comprising plastic glazing sheet material.
This document is not applicable to joints and cables, junction boxes, glues, mounting seals and any fixing devices used to install the glass product.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies two methods for determining the permanent change in dimensions of a dense shaped refractory product. Shaped refractories are those which have fixed geometry and dimensions when delivered to the user. This document is accordingly applicable to standard shape refractory bricks, but also special shapes refractory products and pre-cast products. This document does not apply to products containing carbon. NOTE The methods can be applied to materials sensitive to oxidation. However, some of these materials can be affected during the test in such a way as to make the measurement of the dimensional changes impossible to carry out to the required accuracy.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for the determination of the bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity of dense shaped refractory products. Shaped refractories are those which have fixed geometry and dimensions when delivered to the user. This document is accordingly applicable to standard shape refractory bricks, but also special shapes refractory products and pre-cast products. This document is also applicable to unshaped refractories (see ISO 1927-6) after preparation of test specimens according to ISO 1927-5. NOTE For shaped insulating refractory products, the bulk density and true porosity are determined in accordance with ISO 5016.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for testing the resistance of raw optical glasses to attack by aqueous alkaline phosphate-containing detergent solutions (phosphate solutions) at 50 °C and a classification of optical glasses according to the aqueous alkaline phosphate-containing detergent resistance (phosphate resistance) determined by this method. This document is applicable to samples of raw optical glasses.
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- Standard12 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a procedure for determining the emissivity at room temperature of the surfaces of glass and coated glass. The emissivity is necessary for taking into account heat transfer by radiation from surfaces at the standard temperature of 283 K in the determination of the U value and of the total solar transmittance of glazing according to REF [5] \r \h ISO 9050[5] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000040000005B0035005D000000 , REF [6] \r \h ISO 10291[6] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000040000005B0036005D000000 , REF [7] \r \h ISO 10292[7] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000040000005B0037005D000000 , and REF [8] \r \h ISO 10293[8] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000040000005B0038005D000000 . The procedure, being based on spectrophotometric specular reflectance measurements at near normal incidence on materials that are non-transparent in the infrared region, is not applicable to glazing components with at least one of the following characteristics: a) with rough or structured surfaces where the incident radiation is diffusely reflected; b) with curved surfaces where the incident radiation is regularly reflected at angles unsuitable to reach the detector while using specular reflectance accessories; c) infrared transparent. However, it can be applied with caution to any glazing component provided its surfaces are flat and non-diffusing (see non-diffusing glazing component) and it is non-transparent in the infrared region (see glazing component non-transparent in the infrared region). Although transmittance measurements are included in this document, they are only necessary to check if the specimen is non-transparent in the infrared region in the context of this document (see glazing component non-transparent in the infrared region). If the specimen is transparent in the infrared region, this document is not applicable.
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This document specifies a test method for determining the mechanical viscoelastic properties of interlayer materials. The interlayers under examination are those used in the production of laminated glass or laminated safety glass. The shear characteristics of interlayers are needed to design laminated glass in accordance with EN 16612:2019 and EN 19100 (all parts).
Parameters of the Prony series, widely used in numerical simulation, can be derived from the measurements in Annex C.
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This document specifies the conditions for determination of the axial tensile properties of ceramic matrix composite (CMC) tubes with continuous fibre-reinforcement at elevated temperature in air, vacuum and inert gas atmospheres. The applicability of this document is specific to tubular geometries because fibre architecture and specimen geometry factors in composite tubes are distinctly different from those in flat specimens.
This document provides information on the axial tensile properties and stress-strain response in temperature, such as axial tensile strength, axial tensile strain at failure and elastic constants. The information can be used for material development, control of manufacturing (quality insurance), material comparison, characterization, reliability and design data generation for tubular components.
This document addresses, but is not restricted to, various suggested test piece fabrication methods. This document is primarily applicable to ceramic matrix composite tubes with a continuous fibrous-reinforcement: unidirectional (1D, filament winding and tape lay-up), bi-directional (2D, braid and weave) and multi-directional (xD, with x > 2), tested along the tube axis.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives precisions on the mounting and fixing rules for testing glass products and provides guidance. It defines procedures for extended application of test results obtained in accordance with EN ISO 1716, EN ISO 11925 2, EN ISO 1182 and EN 13823 and classified according to EN 13501 1.
The extended application rules in this document are not applicable to laminated glass comprising plastic glazing sheet material.
This document is not applicable to joints and cables, junction boxes, glues, mounting seals and any fixing devices used to install the glass product.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the conditions for determination of the axial tensile properties of ceramic matrix composite (CMC) tubes with continuous fibre-reinforcement at elevated temperature in air, vacuum and inert gas atmospheres. The applicability of this document is specific to tubular geometries because fibre architecture and specimen geometry factors in composite tubes are distinctly different from those in flat specimens.
This document provides information on the axial tensile properties and stress-strain response in temperature, such as axial tensile strength, axial tensile strain at failure and elastic constants. The information can be used for material development, control of manufacturing (quality insurance), material comparison, characterization, reliability and design data generation for tubular components.
This document addresses, but is not restricted to, various suggested test piece fabrication methods. This document is primarily applicable to ceramic matrix composite tubes with a continuous fibrous-reinforcement: unidirectional (1D, filament winding and tape lay-up), bi-directional (2D, braid and weave) and multi-directional (xD, with x > 2), tested along the tube axis.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the conditions for determination of the axial tensile properties of ceramic matrix composite (CMC) tubes with continuous fibre-reinforcement at elevated temperature in air, vacuum and inert gas atmospheres. The applicability of this document is specific to tubular geometries because fibre architecture and specimen geometry factors in composite tubes are distinctly different from those in flat specimens. This document provides information on the axial tensile properties and stress-strain response in temperature, such as axial tensile strength, axial tensile strain at failure and elastic constants. The information can be used for material development, control of manufacturing (quality insurance), material comparison, characterization, reliability and design data generation for tubular components. This document addresses, but is not restricted to, various suggested test piece fabrication methods. This document is primarily applicable to ceramic matrix composite tubes with a continuous fibrous-reinforcement: unidirectional (1D, filament winding and tape lay-up), bi-directional (2D, braid and weave) and multi-directional (xD, with x > 2), tested along the tube axis.
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- Standard28 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for the quantitative analysis of residual quartz (i.e. alpha-quartz) in silica bricks within the mass fraction range of 0,3 % to 5,0 %, by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a Bragg-Brentano diffractometer. This document includes details of sample preparation and of preliminary establishment of a working curve using external standards. This document does not address the safety issues associated with its use. The ground silica brick powders and reference materials may cause damage to lungs through prolonged or repeat inhalation during tests. It is responsibility of the users of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices.
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This document specifies a test method for determination of tensile properties, such as tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and fracture strain of ceramic filaments at elevated temperature in air using the hot grip technique. This document applies to continuous ceramic filaments obtained either from a multifilament bundle or spool. This document does not apply to ceramic filaments with creep behaviour at test temperature. The hot grip technique is limited by the temperature resistance of the current ceramic adhesive.
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This document specifies a method for determination of the internal stress in thin ceramic coatings. The internal stress is determined by application of the Stoney formula to the results obtained from measurement of the radius of curvature of isotropic strips or discs with single-face coating.
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ISO 2477:2005 describes a method for determining the permanent change in dimensions on heating of a shaped insulating refractory product.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the composition, tolerances and characteristics, i.e. mechanical, acoustic, optical and thermal properties, of folio interlayers for the manufacturing of laminated glass and laminated safety glass for use in buildings and construction works and it defines their general quality criteria.
This document does not apply to interlayers for laminated glass which are achieved by pouring the interlayer material in liquid state on or between the plies of glass or plastic glazing sheet material generally followed by drying or by chemical or ultraviolet curing.
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ISO 2477:2005 describes a method for determining the permanent change in dimensions on heating of a shaped insulating refractory product.
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This document specifies a test method for determining the mechanical viscoelastic properties of interlayer materials. The interlayers under examination are those used in the production of laminated glass or laminated safety glass. The shear characteristics of interlayers are needed to design laminated glass in accordance with EN 16612:2019 and EN 19100 (all parts).
Parameters of the Prony series, widely used in numerical simulation, can be derived from the measurements in Annex C.
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This document specifies dimensional and minimum quality requirements (in respect of optical and visual quality) for float glass for use in building, as defined in ISO 16293-1. This document applies to float glass supplied in stock sizes, oversize, and final cut sizes.
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