81 - GLASS AND CERAMICS INDUSTRIES
ICS 81 Details
GLASS AND CERAMICS INDUSTRIES
GLASINDUSTRIE. KERAMIKINDUSTRIE
INDUSTRIES DU VERRE ET DE LA CERAMIQUE
STEKLARSKA IN KERAMIČNA INDUSTRIJA
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This standard describes methods for the determination of mineralogical phases typically apparent in nitride and oxy-nitride bonded silicon carbide refractory products using a Bragg-Brentano diffractometer.
It includes details of sample preparation and general principles for qualitative and quantitative analysis of mineralogical phase composition. Quantitative determination of -Si3N4, -Si3N4, Si2ON2, AlN, and SiAlON are described.
NOTE For the refinement procedures the total nitrogen content, analysed in accordance with ISO 21068-3 is needed.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of ISO 21068 specifies analytical techniques for the determination of volatile components by thermal treatment at specified temperatures, and methods for the determination of the total carbon content, free carbon, silicon carbide, total and free silicon and free and surface silica content of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride and sialon containing raw materials and refractory products.
- Standard46 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of ISO 21068 specifies analytical techniques for the determination of total nitrogen and nitrogen calculated as silicon nitride, total oxygen, and metallic and oxidic components in silicon carbide raw materials and refractory products.
- Standard33 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies analytical techniques for the determination of volatile components by thermal treatment at specified temperatures, and methods for the determination of the total carbon, free carbon, silicon carbide, total and free silicon and free and surface silica content of silicon-carbide, silicon-nitride and silicon-oxynitride containing raw materials and refractory products.
- Standard46 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies analytical techniques for the determination of total nitrogen and nitrogen calculated as silicon nitride, total oxygen, and metallic and oxidic components in silicon carbide raw materials and refractory products.
- Standard33 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes methods for the determination of mineralogical phases typically apparent in nitride and oxy-nitride bonded silicon carbide refractory products using a Bragg-Brentano diffractometer.
It includes details of sample preparations and general principles for qualitative and quantitative analyses of mineralogical phase composition. Quantitative determination of α-Si3N4, β-Si3N4, Si2ON2, AlN, and β’- SiAlON are described.
For quantitative determination of α-Si3N4, β-Si3N4, Si2ON2, AlN and β’-SiAlON refinement procedures based on the total nitrogen content of the sample are described.
NOTE ISO 21068-3 is used for the analysis of the total nitrogen content of the sample.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
As per ISO document i.e.
This document specifies three methods for the determination of the bulk density of granular
refractory materials (grain density) having a grain size larger than 2 mm:
— Method 1: mercury method with vacuum;
— Method 2: arrested water absorption method;
— Method 3: vacuum method with spin dryer option according to ISO 5017.
Method 1 is intended as the reference method.
NOTE Depending on the nature of the material tested, the three methods can give different results.
Any statement of the value of a bulk density can therefore be accompanied by an indication of the
method used or to be used in case of dispute.
The same method can be used for the determination of the volume of the sample, for selecting and
preparing the sample, for
calculating the bulk density and for presenting the test report.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies analytical techniques for the determination of total nitrogen and nitrogen calculated as silicon nitride, total oxygen, and metallic and oxidic components in silicon carbide raw materials and refractory products.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard25 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document describes methods for the determination of mineralogical phases typically apparent in nitride and oxy-nitride bonded silicon carbide refractory products using a Bragg-Brentano diffractometer. It includes details of sample preparations and general principles for qualitative and quantitative analyses of mineralogical phase composition. Quantitative determination of α-Si3N4, β-Si3N4, Si2ON2, AlN, and β’- SiAlON are described. For quantitative determination of α-Si3N4, β-Si3N4, Si2ON2, AlN and β’-SiAlON refinement procedures based on the total nitrogen content of the sample are described. NOTE ISO 21068-3 is used for the analysis of the total nitrogen content of the sample.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard11 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies analytical techniques for the determination of volatile components by thermal treatment at specified temperatures, and methods for the determination of the total carbon, free carbon, silicon carbide, total and free silicon and free and surface silica content of silicon-carbide, silicon-nitride and silicon-oxynitride containing raw materials and refractory products.
- Standard36 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard37 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies three methods for the determination of the bulk density of granular refractory materials (grain density) having a grain size larger than 2 mm:
— Method 1: mercury method with vacuum;
— Method 2: arrested water absorption method;
— Method 3: vacuum method with spin dryer option according to ISO 5017.
Method 1 is intended as the reference method.
NOTE Depending on the nature of the material tested, the three methods can give different results. Any statement of the value of a bulk density can therefore be accompanied by an indication of the method used or to be used in case of dispute.
The same method can be used for the determination of the volume of the sample, for selecting and preparing the sample, for calculating the bulk density and for presenting the test report.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
(1) This document provides guidance for the development or improvement of rules deemed to help with the choosing of appropriate glazing for protection against injuries and falling, hereafter called "the Specifications". The Specifications to be written or revised can be a national regulation, a national standard, recommendations from a professional association, requirements for a particular project, etc.
(2) This document deals with the choice of the mode of breakage (see 5.2) with regard to the safety of people against:
- the risk of injury in the event of a collision with a glazed element, e.g. a partition,
- the risk of falling through or over a glazed element, e.g. a balustrade, and
- the risk of accidental falling of glass fragments on people not having caused the breakage, e.g. an overhead glazing.
(3) These risks can be evaluated in the function of a normal use of the building or construction work. This includes use by the elderly, children and people with disabilities, but excludes deliberate risk taking. It presupposes a rational and responsible behaviour of the users or, in case of children, of those responsible for supervising them.
(4) The information contained in this document can be used to define minimum glass configuration. It does not exempt from the verification according to CEN/TS 19100-1 and CEN/TS 19100-2 and where appropriate CEN/TS 19100-3.
(5) Safety against burglary, vandalism, bullet attack, explosion, exposition to fire and seismic actions are not covered in this document. Preventing these risks needs further appropriate requirements.
(6) This document does not apply to the following glass products:
- glass blocks and paver units;
- channel-shaped glass.
(7) It also does not apply to the following applications:
- escalators and moving walkway;
- lifts;
- accesses to machinery;
- animal enclosures and aquariums;
- greenhouses and agricultural installations;
- temporary scaffolds.
- Technical specification55 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of ISO 21068 gives definitions and specifies techniques for the preparation of samples for the chemical analysis of silicon-carbide-containing raw materials and refractory products including:
a) SiC raw materials;
b) graphite brick containing silicon carbide;
c) silicon carbide brick (includes the bricks containing silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, sialon);
d) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with clay;
e) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with silica (and fused silica);
f) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with high alumina material;
g) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with magnesia (and dolomite);
h) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with chrome mineral or magnesia-chrome materials;
i) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide except those described in a) to g) above.
The items of chemical analysis described in ISO 21068, Parts 1 to 4 are as follows:
1) loss on drying (LOD);
2) loss on ignition (LOI);
3) total carbon, Ctotal;
4) free carbon, Cfree;
5) silicon carbide, SiC;
6) free silicon (Sifree);
7) free aluminium (Alfree);
8) free magnesium (Mgfree);
9) free iron (Fefree);
10) silicon(IV) dioxide (SiO2);
11) aluminium oxide (Al2O3);
12) iron(III) oxide (total iron oxide calculated as Fe2O3);
13) titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2);
14) calcium oxide (CaO);
15) magnesium oxide (MgO);
16) sodium oxide (Na2O);
17) potassium oxide (K2O);
18) chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3);
19) zirconium oxide (ZrO2);
20) boron oxide (total boron calculated as B2O3);
21) nitrogen;
22) oxygen;
23) nitrides (undifferentiated: Si3N4, AlN, BN, sialon, oxy-nitrides, etc.);
24) XRD-methods.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This standard provides a procedure to validate a calculation tool of spectrophotometric and thermal characteristics of the glass products following EN 410 or EN 673. It provides also the methodology to correctly use measured data in the calculation tool.
The following characteristics are included in the scope of this standard:
- light transmittance (tv)
- light reflectance - both sides (rv, r'v)
- solar direct transmittance (te)
- solar direct reflectance – both sides (re, r'e)
- total solar energy transmittance (solar factor or g value) (g)
- thermal transmittance (U value) in the vertical position
The following characteristics are excluded from the scope of this standard:
- UV transmittance (tuv)
- shading coefficient (SC)
- general colour rendering index (Ra)
- thermal transmittance (U value) at angles other than vertical
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document gives definitions and specifies techniques for the preparation of samples for the chemical analysis of silicon-carbide-containing raw materials and refractory products including:
a) SiC raw materials;
b) graphite brick containing silicon carbide;
c) silicon carbide brick (includes the bricks containing silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, sialon);
d) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with clay;
e) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with silica (and fused silica);
f) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with high alumina material;
g) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with magnesia (and dolomite);
h) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with chrome mineral or magnesia-chrome materials;
i) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide except those described in a) to h) above.
The items of analysis described in ISO 21068-2, ISO 21068-3 and ISO 21068-4 are as follows:
— loss on drying (LOD);
— loss on ignition (LOI);
— total carbon, Ctotal;
— free carbon, Cfree;
— silicon carbide, SiC;
— free silicon (Sifree);
— free aluminium (Alfree);
— free magnesium (Mgfree);
— free iron (Fefree);
— silicon(IV) dioxide (SiO2);
— aluminium(III) oxide (Al2O3);
— iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3);
— titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2);
— calcium oxide (CaO);
— magnesium oxide (MgO);
— sodium oxide (Na2O);
— potassium oxide (K2O);
— chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3);
— zirconium(IV) oxide (ZrO2);
— boron oxide (total boron calculated as B2O3);
— nitrogen;
— oxygen;
— nitrides (undifferentiated: Si3N4, AlN, BN, sialon, oxy-nitrides, etc.);
— mineralogical phases (XRD-methods).
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document gives definitions and specifies techniques for the preparation of samples for the chemical analysis of silicon-carbide-containing raw materials and refractory products including: a) SiC raw materials; b) graphite brick containing silicon carbide; c) silicon carbide brick (includes the bricks containing silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, sialon); d) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with clay; e) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with silica (and fused silica); f) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with high alumina material; g) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with magnesia (and dolomite); h) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide mixed with chrome mineral or magnesia-chrome materials; i) refractories containing carbon and/or silicon carbide except those described in a) to h) above. The items of analysis described in ISO 21068-2, ISO 21068-3 and ISO 21068-4 are as follows: — loss on drying (LOD); — loss on ignition (LOI); — total carbon, Ctotal; — free carbon, Cfree; — silicon carbide, SiC; — free silicon (Sifree); — free aluminium (Alfree); — free magnesium (Mgfree); — free iron (Fefree); — silicon(IV) dioxide (SiO2); — aluminium(III) oxide (Al2O3); — iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3); — titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2); — calcium oxide (CaO); — magnesium oxide (MgO); — sodium oxide (Na2O); — potassium oxide (K2O); — chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3); — zirconium(IV) oxide (ZrO2); — boron oxide (total boron calculated as B2O3); — nitrogen; — oxygen; — nitrides (undifferentiated: Si3N4, AlN, BN, sialon, oxy-nitrides, etc.); — mineralogical phases (XRD-methods).
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard7 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document describes a method for determining the etch pit density, which is used to detect dislocations and processing-introduced defects that occur on single-crystal GaN substrates or single-crystal GaN films. It is applicable to the defects specified in ISO 5618-1 from among the defects exposed on the surface of the following types of GaN substrates or films: single-crystal GaN substrate; single-crystal GaN film formed by homoepitaxial growth on a single-crystal GaN substrate; or single-crystal GaN film formed by heteroepitaxial growth on a single-crystal Al2O3, SiC, or Si substrate. It is applicable to defects with an etch pit density of ≤ 7 × 107 cm-2.
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard26 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This standard provides a procedure to validate a calculation tool of spectrophotometric and thermal characteristics of the glass products following EN 410 or EN 673. It provides also the methodology to correctly use measured data in the calculation tool.
The following characteristics are included in the scope of this standard:
- light transmittance (tv)
- light reflectance - both sides (rv, r'v)
- solar direct transmittance (te)
- solar direct reflectance – both sides (re, r'e)
- total solar energy transmittance (solar factor or g value) (g)
- thermal transmittance (U value) in the vertical position
The following characteristics are excluded from the scope of this standard:
- UV transmittance (tuv)
- shading coefficient (SC)
- general colour rendering index (Ra)
- thermal transmittance (U value) at angles other than vertical
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document gives specifications, test methods, sampling, marking and labelling of porcelain tableware that is used for the preparation and serving of foods.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
(1) This document provides guidance for the development or improvement of rules deemed to help with the choosing of appropriate glazing for protection against injuries and falling, hereafter called "the Specifications". The Specifications to be written or revised can be a national regulation, a national standard, recommendations from a professional association, requirements for a particular project, etc.
(2) This document deals with the choice of the mode of breakage (see 5.2) with regard to the safety of people against:
- the risk of injury in the event of a collision with a glazed element, e.g. a partition,
- the risk of falling through or over a glazed element, e.g. a balustrade, and
- the risk of accidental falling of glass fragments on people not having caused the breakage, e.g. an overhead glazing.
(3) These risks can be evaluated in the function of a normal use of the building or construction work. This includes use by the elderly, children and people with disabilities, but excludes deliberate risk taking. It presupposes a rational and responsible behaviour of the users or, in case of children, of those responsible for supervising them.
(4) The information contained in this document can be used to define minimum glass configuration. It does not exempt from the verification according to CEN/TS 19100-1 and CEN/TS 19100-2 and where appropriate CEN/TS 19100-3.
(5) Safety against burglary, vandalism, bullet attack, explosion, exposition to fire and seismic actions are not covered in this document. Preventing these risks needs further appropriate requirements.
(6) This document does not apply to the following glass products:
- glass blocks and paver units;
- channel-shaped glass.
(7) It also does not apply to the following applications:
- escalators and moving walkway;
- lifts;
- accesses to machinery;
- animal enclosures and aquariums;
- greenhouses and agricultural installations;
- temporary scaffolds.
- Technical specification55 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes the methods for the determination of void and fibre with specific orientation contents in a polished cross section of continuous fibre-reinforced ceramic matrix composites by image analysis. The methods apply to all ceramic matrix composites with continuous fibre reinforcement: bidirectional (2D) and tridirectional (3D). The methods also apply to carbon-fibre-reinforced carbon matrix composites (also known as: carbon/carbon or C/C). NOTE The result obtained by the method is not volume content but area content.
- Technical specification8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides a procedure to validate a calculation tool based on simulation, analytical calculation and/or interpolation of airborne sound insulation characteristics of glass products.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document establishes a method to determine and assess sound insulation performances of all transparent, translucent and opaque glass products, for basic, special basic or processed glass products, when intended to be used in glazed assemblies in buildings, and which exhibit properties of acoustic protection, either as a prime or supplementary characteristic. This document refers to laboratory measurement method described in ISO 10140-1:2021, Annex D and defines extension rules that can be applied without further testing. It also provides typical performance data for a range of common glass products that can be used in the absence of measured data. All the considerations of this document relate to panes of glass or glass products alone. Incorporation of them into windows can cause changes in acoustic performance as a result of other influences, e.g. frame design, frame material, glazing material or method, mounting method, air tightness. Measurements of the sound insulation of complete windows (glass and frame) can be undertaken to resolve such issues.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ISO 26443:2008 specifies a method for the qualitative evaluation of the adhesion of ceramic coatings up to 20 µm thick by indentation with a Rockwell diamond indenter. The formation of cracks after indentation may also reveal cohesive failure. The indentations are made with a Rockwell hardness test instrument.
The method described may also be suitable for evaluating the adhesion of metallic coatings.
The test is not suitable for elastic coatings on hard substrates.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method of light transmittance for the laminated solar photovoltaic glass for use in building. This document is applicable to flat modules with light transmittance in the visible range (wavelengths from 380 nm to 780 nm). This document does not cover the assessment method of total solar energy transmittance of the flat module.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document gives a classification of the dislocations and process-induced defects, from among the various surface defects, that occur on single-crystal gallium nitride (GaN) substrates or single-crystal GaN films. It is applicable to the dislocations and process-induced defects exposed on the surface of the following types of GaN substrates or films: — single-crystal GaN substrate; — single-crystal GaN film formed by homoepitaxial growth on a single-crystal GaN substrate; — single-crystal GaN film formed by heteroepitaxial growth on a single-crystal aluminium oxide (Al2O3), silicon carbide (SiC) or silicon (Si) substrate. It is not applicable to defects exposed on the surface if the absolute value of the acute angle between the surface normal and the c-axis of GaN is ≥ 8°.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a procedure to validate a calculation tool based on simulation, analytical calculation and/or interpolation of airborne sound insulation characteristics of glass products.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the qualitative evaluation of the adhesion of ceramic coatings up to 20 μm thick by indentation with a Rockwell diamond indenter. The formation of cracks after indentation can also reveal cohesive failure. The indentations are made with a Rockwell hardness test instrument.
The method described in this document can also be suitable for evaluating the adhesion of metallic coatings.
The test is not suitable for elastic coatings on hard substrates.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the test method for the determination of thermal diffusivity from room temperature to at least 1 700 K by the flash method for homogeneous monolithic ceramics with porosity less than 10 %.
Flash methods, like laser flash, are applicable to homogeneous isotropic materials with thermal diffusivity values ranging from 0,1 to 1 000 mm2 s1 within the temperature range from approximately 100 K to 2 300 K.
The method described in Annex G describes how to estimate, on the basis of the thermal diffusivity test, the specific heat capacity and the thermal conductivity of homogeneous monolithic ceramics with porosity less than 10 %.
- Standard49 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the qualitative evaluation of the adhesion of ceramic coatings up to 20 μm thick by indentation with a Rockwell diamond indenter. The formation of cracks after indentation can also reveal cohesive failure. The indentations are made with a Rockwell hardness test instrument. The method described in this document can also be suitable for evaluating the adhesion of metallic coatings. The test is not suitable for elastic coatings on hard substrates.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard7 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the test method for the determination of thermal diffusivity from room temperature to at least 1 700 K by the flash method for homogeneous monolithic ceramics with porosity less than 10 %.
Flash methods, like laser flash, are applicable to homogeneous isotropic materials with thermal diffusivity values ranging from 0,1 to 1 000 mm2 s-1 within the temperature range from approximately 100 K to 2 300 K.
The method described in Annex G describes how to estimate, on the basis of the thermal diffusivity test, the specific heat capacity and the thermal conductivity of homogeneous monolithic ceramics with porosity less than 10 %.
- Standard49 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides the specifications and specifies the requirements for the designation of three types of glass namely crystal glass, crystal, and lead crystal, according to their chemical composition, density and refractive index. This document also describes the test methods to measure the respective characteristics of these crystal glass types. Given the potential lead contamination concerns in crystal glass and crystal, this document additionally stipulates a maximum permissible limit for lead content. This document is applicable to the designated crystal glass types used as tableware, containers (e.g. bottles, decanters, perfume jars), giftware, home decor and any decorative components in consumer goods (e.g. glass components and/or parts used in jewellery, textile applications, and electrical and electronic equipment), furniture and luminaries. This document does not apply to crystal glass types used within the areas of construction, healthcare and laboratories, and other technical uses of glass.
- Standardization document6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for the determination of interlaminar shear strength at ambient temperature by the compression of a double-notched test piece and a method for the determination of interlaminar shear strength and modulus at ambient temperature by the Iosipescu test. This document applies to all ceramic matrix composites with a continuous fibre reinforcement, having unidirectional (1D), bidirectional (2D) and multidirectional (xD, with x > 2) fibre architecture, where a major part of reinforcements is a stack of plies. This document is applicable to material development, material comparison, quality assurance, characterization, reliability and design data generation. The simpler compression test method of a double-notched test piece is applicable only when the shear strength has to be measured.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard21 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies methods for the chemical analysis of zirconium oxide powders used as the raw material for fine ceramics.
It stipulates the determination methods of the zirconium, aluminium, barium, calcium, cerium, cobalt, gadolinium, hafnium, iron, magnesium, potassium, silicon, sodium, strontium, titanium and yttrium contents in zirconium oxide powders for fine ceramics. The test sample is decomposed by acid pressure decomposition or alkali fusion. Contents of zirconium and yttrium are determined by using either a precipitation and gravimetric method or an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) method. Contents of aluminium, barium, calcium, cerium, cobalt, gadolinium, hafnium, iron, magnesium, potassium, silicon, sodium, strontium and titanium are determined by using an ICP-OES method.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies methods for the chemical analysis of metal impurities present in silicon dioxide powders used as a raw material for fine ceramics. It stipulates the methods for the determination of metal impurity elements in silicon dioxide powders that are decomposed by acid decomposition. The aluminium, cadmium, calcium, copper, iron, lead, lithium, magnesium, manganese, nickel, potassium, sodium, titanium, zinc and zirconium contents in the test solution are determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This European Standard assigns sound insulation values to all transparent, translucent and opaque glass products, described in the European Standards for basic, special basic or processed glass products, when intended to be used in glazed assemblies in buildings, and which exhibit properties of acoustic protection, either as a prime intention or as a supplementary characteristic.
This document outlines the procedure, by which glass products may be rated, according to their acoustic performance which enables assessment of compliance with the acoustic requirements of buildings.
Rigorous technical analysis of measurement data remains an option, but this standard is intended to enable the derivation of simpler indices of performance, which can be adopted with confidence by non-specialists.
By adopting the principles of this standard the formulation of acoustic requirements in Building Codes and for product specification to satisfy particular needs for glazing is simplified.
It is recognised that the acoustic test procedures contained within EN ISO 140-1 and EN ISO 140-3 relate only to glass panes and their combinations. Although the same principles should be followed as closely as possible, it is inevitable that some compromises are necessary, because of the bulkier construction of other glazing types, e.g. glass blocks, paver units, channel-shaped glass, structural glazing and structural sealant glazing. Guidelines on how to adapt the test procedures for these glazing types are offered in Clause 4.
All the considerations of this standard relate to panes of glass/glazing alone. Incorporation of them into windows may cause changes in acoustic performance as a result of other influences, e.g. frame design, frame material, glazing material/method, mounting method, air tightness, etc. Measurements of the sound insulation of complete windows (glass and frame) may be undertaken to resolve such issues.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a substitution measurement method to measure internal quantum efficiency, external quantum efficiency and absorptance of ceramic phosphor powders, which are used in white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and emit visible light when excited by UV or blue light. In this method, commercially available measurement equipment, such as a fluorescence spectrophotometer or a spectroradiometer equipped with a monochromatic light source as incident light, are used to measure fluorescence spectra for reference materials whose quantum efficiencies and absorptance have been determined using the methods in ISO 23946 and a phosphor material under test.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies methods for the chemical analysis of zirconium oxide powders used as the raw material for fine ceramics.
It stipulates the determination methods of the zirconium, aluminium, barium, calcium, cerium, cobalt, gadolinium, hafnium, iron, magnesium, potassium, silicon, sodium, strontium, titanium and yttrium contents in zirconium oxide powders for fine ceramics. The test sample is decomposed by acid pressure decomposition or alkali fusion. Contents of zirconium and yttrium are determined by using either a precipitation and gravimetric method or an inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES) method. Contents of aluminium, barium, calcium, cerium, cobalt, gadolinium, hafnium, iron, magnesium, potassium, silicon, sodium, strontium and titanium are determined by using an ICP–OES method.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies two methods for testing the resistance of raw optical glasses to attack by aqueous acidic solutions and defines a classification of optical glasses according to the acid resistance determined by these methods. The surface method tests the resistance of the polished plate-shaped optical glass to attack by aqueous acidic solutions at 25 °C for a specified time and indicates the class determined by this method as “SR-S”. The powder method tests the resistance of crushed granular optical glass to attack by an acidic aqueous solution at above 98 °C for 1 h, and indicates the class determined by this method as “SR-P”.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a test method for the determination of the self-cleaning performance of sheet-form materials that contain an indoor-light-active photocatalyst or have indoor-light-active photocatalytic films on the surface, under indoor lighting environment. This method is used to measure the change of water contact angle under indoor lighting environment, which is one of the indices reflecting the self-cleaning performance of semiconducting photocatalytic materials. This document is not applicable to permeable materials on which water droplets cannot hold and rough materials which obscure water droplets. This document is not applicable to materials of which the changes in the water contact angle due to decomposition of adhered organic matter cannot be evaluated because even if the surface is clean, the water contact angle is remarkably large or the water contact angle cannot be sufficiently increased by attaching organic matter to the surface.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies wet chemical and inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES)-based methods for the chemical analysis of calcium-phosphate-based powders for non-biomedical applications, such as those in the chemical industry, the treatment of air, water and soil contamination. It stipulates the methods used for the determination of major elements of calcium-phosphate-based powders and their impurities. Calcium-phosphate-based powders are decomposed by acid decomposition. The calcium content is determined using a titration method or an ICP–OES method. The phosphorus content is determined using a precipitation and gravimetric method or an ICP–OES method. Certain impurities, such as aluminium, barium, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, nickel, potassium, selenium, silicon, sodium, strontium, titanium and zinc contents, are determined by an ICP–OES method. This document does not include calcium-phosphate-based powders for biomedical applications. The ISO 13779 series characterizes hydroxyapatite powders for biomedical applications using various methods, such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS).
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This document specifies light emitting diodes (LED) for light source and radiometers used in the performance evaluation of semiconducting photocatalytic materials under indoor LED lighting environments in a laboratory. Light sources for indoor lighting environments do not include sunlight passing through window glass. This document does not replace ISO 14605.[1] Either document can apply depending on the lighting environment in which the photocatalytic material is used.
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This European Standard assigns sound insulation values to all transparent, translucent and opaque glass products, described in the European Standards for basic, special basic or processed glass products, when intended to be used in glazed assemblies in buildings, and which exhibit properties of acoustic protection, either as a prime intention or as a supplementary characteristic.
This document outlines the procedure, by which glass products may be rated, according to their acoustic performance which enables assessment of compliance with the acoustic requirements of buildings.
Rigorous technical analysis of measurement data remains an option, but this standard is intended to enable the derivation of simpler indices of performance, which can be adopted with confidence by non-specialists.
By adopting the principles of this standard the formulation of acoustic requirements in Building Codes and for product specification to satisfy particular needs for glazing is simplified.
It is recognised that the acoustic test procedures contained within EN ISO 140-1 and EN ISO 140-3 relate only to glass panes and their combinations. Although the same principles should be followed as closely as possible, it is inevitable that some compromises are necessary, because of the bulkier construction of other glazing types, e.g. glass blocks, paver units, channel-shaped glass, structural glazing and structural sealant glazing. Guidelines on how to adapt the test procedures for these glazing types are offered in Clause 4.
All the considerations of this standard relate to panes of glass/glazing alone. Incorporation of them into windows may cause changes in acoustic performance as a result of other influences, e.g. frame design, frame material, glazing material/method, mounting method, air tightness, etc. Measurements of the sound insulation of complete windows (glass and frame) may be undertaken to resolve such issues.
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This document covers the requirements for and testing of sealants for use in one or more of the following applications:
a) Manufacturing of insulating glass units where direct ultraviolet resistance and mechanical resistance (Bonding use) of the insulating glass edge seal are required.
b) Manufacturing of factory-made bonded sealant glazing elements when referred to by the relevant European Standards and/or European Technical Approval Guidelines.
c) Assembling of glass products into or onto supports, where also direct ultraviolet resistance and/or mechanical resistance (bonding use) of the seal are required, under controlled environmental conditions as described in EN 13022 2:2014, Clause 5.
NOTE 1 The required level of resistance to ultraviolet exposure will be dependent upon the chemistry of sealant. Reduced UV exposure testing is acceptable for proven silicone technologies. Extended UV exposure will be required for different technologies.
This document covers the evaluation of conformity and the factory production control with respect to the production of sealants in conformity with this document.
This document describes the role of sealants that are in conformity with this document, with respect to sealing and bonding.
This document does not apply to sealants for the manufacture of insulating glass units where the seal is fully protected, i.e. by a frame, from ultraviolet radiation.
NOTE 2 Sealants for this application comply with EN 1279 4.
This document contains other aspects of importance for trade.
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This document specifies the measurement methods for the electronic transport properties of bulk-type thermoelectric materials at room and elevated temperatures. The measurement methods cover the simultaneous determination of Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity of bulk-type thermoelectric materials in a temperature range from 300 K to 1 200 K. The measurement methods are applicable to bulk-type thermoelectric materials used for power generation, energy harvesting, cooling and heating, among other things.
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This International Standard ISO 24370 specifies a test method for determining the fracture toughness of monolithic ceramic materials at room temperature by the chevron-notched beam (CNB) method.
This International Standard is applicable to monolithic ceramics and whisker- or particulate-reinforced ceramics that are regarded as macroscopically homogeneous. It is not applicable to continuous-fibre reinforced ceramic composites.
This International Standard is usually applicable to ceramic materials with a fracture toughness less than about 12 MPa(m1/2). The test method is applicable to materials with a flat crack-growth resistance curve and may be applicable to materials with a rising crack-growth resistance curve (R-curve).
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ISO 20509:2003 describes the method of test for determining the oxidation resistance of non-oxide monolithic ceramics, such as silicon nitride, sialon and silicon carbide at high temperatures. This International Standard is designed to provide an assessment of the mass and dimensional changes of test pieces following oxidation at high temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere, and to assess whether oxidation has a significant effect on the subsequent strength. This test method may be used for materials development, quality control, characterization, and design data generation purposes.
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This document covers the requirements for, and testing of sealants for use in one or more of the following applications:
a) Manufacturing of insulating glass units where direct ultraviolet resistance and mechanical resistance (bonding use) of the insulating glass edge seal are required;
b) Manufacturing of factory-made bonded sealant glazing elements when referred to by the relevant European Standards and/or European Technical Approval Guidelines;
c) Assembling of glass products into or onto supports, where also direct ultraviolet resistance and/or mechanical resistance (bonding use) of the seal are required, under controlled environmental conditions as described in EN 13022-2.
This document covers the evaluation of conformity and the factory production control with respect to the production of sealants in conformity with this document.
This document describes the role of sealants that are in conformity with this document, with respect to sealing and bonding.
This document does not apply to sealants for the manufacture of insulating glass units where the seal is fully protected, i.e. by a frame, from ultraviolet radiation.
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ISO 17092:2005 describes the test method for determining the corrosion resistance of fine ceramics in acid and alkaline solutions, such as sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. This International Standard is designed to provide an assessment of the mass changes and dimensional changes of test specimens following the corrosion test immersed in the corrosive liquids, and to assess whether corrosion has a significant effect on the subsequent strength. This test method may be used for development of materials, quality control, characterization, and design-data generation purposes.
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The International Standard specifies the methods for the chemical analysis of fine silicon nitride powders used as the raw material for fine ceramics.
This International Standard stipulates the determination methods of total silicon, total nitrogen, aluminium, iron, calcium, oxygen, carbon, fluorine, and chlorine in fine silicone nitride powders.
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