81.040.20 - Glass in building
ICS 81.040.20 Details
Glass in building
Bauglas
Verre dans la construction
Steklo v gradbeništvu
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 81.040.20 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Glass in building". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 720 standards classified under ICS 81.040.20 (Glass in building). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document specifies a calculation method to determine the thermal transmittance of glass with flat and parallel surfaces.
This document applies to uncoated glass (including glass with structured surfaces, e.g. patterned glass), coated glass and materials not transparent in the far infrared which is the case for soda lime glass products, borosilicate glass, glass ceramic, alkaline earth silicate glass and alumino silicate glass. It applies also to multiple glazing comprising such glasses and/or materials. It does not apply to multiple glazing which include in the gas space sheets or foils that are far infrared transparent.
The procedure specified in this document determines the U value (thermal transmittance) in the central area of glazing.
The edge effects due to the thermal bridge through the spacer of an insulating glass unit or through the window frame are not included. Furthermore, energy transfer due to solar radiation is not taken into account. The effects of Georgian and other bars are excluded from the scope of this document.
NOTE EN ISO 10077 1:2017 provides a methodology for calculating the overall U value of windows, doors and shutters [1], taking account of the U value calculated for the glass components according to this document.
Also excluded from the calculation methodology are any effects due to gases that absorb infrared radiation in the 5 to 50 µm range.
The primary purpose of this document is product comparison, for which a vertical position of the glazing is specified. In addition, U values are calculated using the same procedure for other purposes, in particular for predicting:
- heat loss through glass;
- conduction heat gains in summer;
- condensation on glass surfaces;
- the effect of the absorbed solar radiation in determining the solar factor [2].
Reference can be made to [3], [4] and [5] or other European Standards dealing with heat loss calculations for the application of glazing U values determined by this standard.
Reference can be made to [6] for detailed calculations of U values of glazing, including shading devices.
Vacuum Insulating Glass (VIG) is excluded from the scope of this document. For determination of the U value of VIG, please refer to EN 674 or ISO 19916-1.
A procedure for the determination of emissivity is given in EN 12898.
The rules have been made as simple as possible consistent with accuracy.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives precisions on the mounting and fixing rules for testing glass products and provides guidance. It defines procedures for extended application of test results obtained in accordance with EN ISO 1716, EN ISO 11925 2, EN ISO 1182 and EN 13823 and classified according to EN 13501 1.
The extended application rules in this document are not applicable to laminated glass comprising plastic glazing sheet material.
This document is not applicable to joints and cables, junction boxes, glues, mounting seals and any fixing devices used to install the glass product.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a procedure for determining the emissivity at room temperature of the surfaces of glass and coated glass. The emissivity is necessary for taking into account heat transfer by radiation from surfaces at the standard temperature of 283 K in the determination of the U value and of the total solar transmittance of glazing according to REF [5] \r \h ISO 9050[5] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000040000005B0035005D000000 , REF [6] \r \h ISO 10291[6] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000040000005B0036005D000000 , REF [7] \r \h ISO 10292[7] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000040000005B0037005D000000 , and REF [8] \r \h ISO 10293[8] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000040000005B0038005D000000 . The procedure, being based on spectrophotometric specular reflectance measurements at near normal incidence on materials that are non-transparent in the infrared region, is not applicable to glazing components with at least one of the following characteristics: a) with rough or structured surfaces where the incident radiation is diffusely reflected; b) with curved surfaces where the incident radiation is regularly reflected at angles unsuitable to reach the detector while using specular reflectance accessories; c) infrared transparent. However, it can be applied with caution to any glazing component provided its surfaces are flat and non-diffusing (see non-diffusing glazing component) and it is non-transparent in the infrared region (see glazing component non-transparent in the infrared region). Although transmittance measurements are included in this document, they are only necessary to check if the specimen is non-transparent in the infrared region in the context of this document (see glazing component non-transparent in the infrared region). If the specimen is transparent in the infrared region, this document is not applicable.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a test method for determining the mechanical viscoelastic properties of interlayer materials. The interlayers under examination are those used in the production of laminated glass or laminated safety glass. The shear characteristics of interlayers are needed to design laminated glass in accordance with EN 16612:2019 and EN 19100 (all parts).
Parameters of the Prony series, widely used in numerical simulation, can be derived from the measurements in Annex C.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives precisions on the mounting and fixing rules for testing glass products and provides guidance. It defines procedures for extended application of test results obtained in accordance with EN ISO 1716, EN ISO 11925 2, EN ISO 1182 and EN 13823 and classified according to EN 13501 1.
The extended application rules in this document are not applicable to laminated glass comprising plastic glazing sheet material.
This document is not applicable to joints and cables, junction boxes, glues, mounting seals and any fixing devices used to install the glass product.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the composition, tolerances and characteristics, i.e. mechanical, acoustic, optical and thermal properties, of folio interlayers for the manufacturing of laminated glass and laminated safety glass for use in buildings and construction works and it defines their general quality criteria.
This document does not apply to interlayers for laminated glass which are achieved by pouring the interlayer material in liquid state on or between the plies of glass or plastic glazing sheet material generally followed by drying or by chemical or ultraviolet curing.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for determining the mechanical viscoelastic properties of interlayer materials. The interlayers under examination are those used in the production of laminated glass or laminated safety glass. The shear characteristics of interlayers are needed to design laminated glass in accordance with EN 16612:2019 and EN 19100 (all parts).
Parameters of the Prony series, widely used in numerical simulation, can be derived from the measurements in Annex C.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies dimensional and minimum quality requirements (in respect of optical and visual quality) for float glass for use in building, as defined in ISO 16293-1. This document applies to float glass supplied in stock sizes, oversize, and final cut sizes.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the composition, tolerances and characteristics, i.e. mechanical, acoustic, optical and thermal properties, of folio interlayers for the manufacturing of laminated glass and laminated safety glass for use in buildings and construction works and it defines their general quality criteria.
This document does not apply to interlayers for laminated glass which are achieved by pouring the interlayer material in liquid state on or between the plies of glass or plastic glazing sheet material generally followed by drying or by chemical or ultraviolet curing.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a calculation method to determine the thermal transmittance of glass with flat and parallel surfaces.
This document applies to uncoated glass (including glass with structured surfaces, e.g. patterned glass), coated glass and materials not transparent in the far infrared which is the case for soda lime glass products, borosilicate glass, glass ceramic, alkaline earth silicate glass and alumino silicate glass. It applies also to multiple glazing comprising such glasses and/or materials. It does not apply to multiple glazing which include in the gas space sheets or foils that are far infrared transparent.
The procedure specified in this document determines the U value (thermal transmittance) in the central area of glazing.
The edge effects due to the thermal bridge through the spacer of an insulating glass unit or through the window frame are not included. Furthermore, energy transfer due to solar radiation is not taken into account. The effects of Georgian and other bars are excluded from the scope of this document.
NOTE EN ISO 10077 1:2017 provides a methodology for calculating the overall U value of windows, doors and shutters [1], taking account of the U value calculated for the glass components according to this document.
Also excluded from the calculation methodology are any effects due to gases that absorb infrared radiation in the 5 to 50 µm range.
The primary purpose of this document is product comparison, for which a vertical position of the glazing is specified. In addition, U values are calculated using the same procedure for other purposes, in particular for predicting:
- heat loss through glass;
- conduction heat gains in summer;
- condensation on glass surfaces;
- the effect of the absorbed solar radiation in determining the solar factor [2].
Reference can be made to [3], [4] and [5] or other European Standards dealing with heat loss calculations for the application of glazing U values determined by this standard.
Reference can be made to [6] for detailed calculations of U values of glazing, including shading devices.
Vacuum Insulating Glass (VIG) is excluded from the scope of this document. For determination of the U value of VIG, please refer to EN 674 or ISO 19916-1.
A procedure for the determination of emissivity is given in EN 12898.
The rules have been made as simple as possible consistent with accuracy.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
(1) This document provides guidance for the development or improvement of rules deemed to help with the choosing of appropriate glazing for protection against injuries and falling, hereafter called "the Specifications". The Specifications to be written or revised can be a national regulation, a national standard, recommendations from a professional association, requirements for a particular project, etc.
(2) This document deals with the choice of the mode of breakage (see 5.2) with regard to the safety of people against:
- the risk of injury in the event of a collision with a glazed element, e.g. a partition,
- the risk of falling through or over a glazed element, e.g. a balustrade, and
- the risk of accidental falling of glass fragments on people not having caused the breakage, e.g. an overhead glazing.
(3) These risks can be evaluated in the function of a normal use of the building or construction work. This includes use by the elderly, children and people with disabilities, but excludes deliberate risk taking. It presupposes a rational and responsible behaviour of the users or, in case of children, of those responsible for supervising them.
(4) The information contained in this document can be used to define minimum glass configuration. It does not exempt from the verification according to CEN/TS 19100-1 and CEN/TS 19100-2 and where appropriate CEN/TS 19100-3.
(5) Safety against burglary, vandalism, bullet attack, explosion, exposition to fire and seismic actions are not covered in this document. Preventing these risks needs further appropriate requirements.
(6) This document does not apply to the following glass products:
- glass blocks and paver units;
- channel-shaped glass.
(7) It also does not apply to the following applications:
- escalators and moving walkway;
- lifts;
- accesses to machinery;
- animal enclosures and aquariums;
- greenhouses and agricultural installations;
- temporary scaffolds.
- Technical specification55 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This standard provides a procedure to validate a calculation tool of spectrophotometric and thermal characteristics of the glass products following EN 410 or EN 673. It provides also the methodology to correctly use measured data in the calculation tool.
The following characteristics are included in the scope of this standard:
- light transmittance (tv)
- light reflectance - both sides (rv, r'v)
- solar direct transmittance (te)
- solar direct reflectance – both sides (re, r'e)
- total solar energy transmittance (solar factor or g value) (g)
- thermal transmittance (U value) in the vertical position
The following characteristics are excluded from the scope of this standard:
- UV transmittance (tuv)
- shading coefficient (SC)
- general colour rendering index (Ra)
- thermal transmittance (U value) at angles other than vertical
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This standard provides a procedure to validate a calculation tool of spectrophotometric and thermal characteristics of the glass products following EN 410 or EN 673. It provides also the methodology to correctly use measured data in the calculation tool.
The following characteristics are included in the scope of this standard:
- light transmittance (tv)
- light reflectance - both sides (rv, r'v)
- solar direct transmittance (te)
- solar direct reflectance – both sides (re, r'e)
- total solar energy transmittance (solar factor or g value) (g)
- thermal transmittance (U value) in the vertical position
The following characteristics are excluded from the scope of this standard:
- UV transmittance (tuv)
- shading coefficient (SC)
- general colour rendering index (Ra)
- thermal transmittance (U value) at angles other than vertical
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
(1) This document provides guidance for the development or improvement of rules deemed to help with the choosing of appropriate glazing for protection against injuries and falling, hereafter called "the Specifications". The Specifications to be written or revised can be a national regulation, a national standard, recommendations from a professional association, requirements for a particular project, etc.
(2) This document deals with the choice of the mode of breakage (see 5.2) with regard to the safety of people against:
- the risk of injury in the event of a collision with a glazed element, e.g. a partition,
- the risk of falling through or over a glazed element, e.g. a balustrade, and
- the risk of accidental falling of glass fragments on people not having caused the breakage, e.g. an overhead glazing.
(3) These risks can be evaluated in the function of a normal use of the building or construction work. This includes use by the elderly, children and people with disabilities, but excludes deliberate risk taking. It presupposes a rational and responsible behaviour of the users or, in case of children, of those responsible for supervising them.
(4) The information contained in this document can be used to define minimum glass configuration. It does not exempt from the verification according to CEN/TS 19100-1 and CEN/TS 19100-2 and where appropriate CEN/TS 19100-3.
(5) Safety against burglary, vandalism, bullet attack, explosion, exposition to fire and seismic actions are not covered in this document. Preventing these risks needs further appropriate requirements.
(6) This document does not apply to the following glass products:
- glass blocks and paver units;
- channel-shaped glass.
(7) It also does not apply to the following applications:
- escalators and moving walkway;
- lifts;
- accesses to machinery;
- animal enclosures and aquariums;
- greenhouses and agricultural installations;
- temporary scaffolds.
- Technical specification55 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification, design and performance requirements, and test methods for glass in permanent railing systems, guards, and balustrades installed in agricultural, assembly, commercial, educational, industrial, institutional, recreational, and residential buildings. This specification considers that the overall outlook is based on the health and safety of all potential users of buildings, and establishes the basic minimum requirements and criteria that lead to satisfactory products under normal and anticipated building uses, and not for abuses for which the building and its components are not designed. Also, this specification does not give consideration to design criteria for specific field conditions, the establishment of which is the prerogative and responsibility of the designer, specification writer, and regulatory agencies.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
11.1 The significance and use of the test methods is contained in Test Methods E2353.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers glass in permanent railing systems, guards, and balustrades, including components such as rails and swing gates or other forms of required guardrail opening protection installed in agricultural, assembly, comme-
rcial, educational, industrial, institutional, recreational, and residential buildings, and other structures such as towers or elevated platforms.
1.2 This specification is intended to be applied to permanent glass or other glazing railing systems for buildings and to such railing systems, rails, guards, and balustrades having major structural components made of glass or other glazing material, or the secondary components such as infill or balusters made of glass or other glazing material.
1.3 This specification considers that the overall outlook is based on the health and safety of all potential users of buildings. The criteria incorporated in this specification provide for normal and anticipated building uses, but not for abuses for which the building and its components are not designed.
1.4 This specification establishes basic minimum requirements and criteria that lead to satisfactory products under normal use conditions and does not give consideration to design criteria for specific field conditions, the establishment of which is the prerogative and responsibility of the designer, specification writer, and regulatory agencies.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a procedure to validate a calculation tool based on simulation, analytical calculation and/or interpolation of airborne sound insulation characteristics of glass products.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document establishes a method to determine and assess sound insulation performances of all transparent, translucent and opaque glass products, for basic, special basic or processed glass products, when intended to be used in glazed assemblies in buildings, and which exhibit properties of acoustic protection, either as a prime or supplementary characteristic. This document refers to laboratory measurement method described in ISO 10140-1:2021, Annex D and defines extension rules that can be applied without further testing. It also provides typical performance data for a range of common glass products that can be used in the absence of measured data. All the considerations of this document relate to panes of glass or glass products alone. Incorporation of them into windows can cause changes in acoustic performance as a result of other influences, e.g. frame design, frame material, glazing material or method, mounting method, air tightness. Measurements of the sound insulation of complete windows (glass and frame) can be undertaken to resolve such issues.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a test method of light transmittance for the laminated solar photovoltaic glass for use in building. This document is applicable to flat modules with light transmittance in the visible range (wavelengths from 380 nm to 780 nm). This document does not cover the assessment method of total solar energy transmittance of the flat module.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a procedure to validate a calculation tool based on simulation, analytical calculation and/or interpolation of airborne sound insulation characteristics of glass products.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The strength and performance of heat-strengthened and fully-tempered glass is greatly affected by the surface and edge stress induced during the heat-treating process.
5.2 The edge and surface stress levels are specified in Specification C1048, in the Engineering Standards Manual3 of GANA Tempering Division and in foreign specifications.
5.3 This test method offers a direct and convenient way to non-destructively determine the residual state of stress on the surface and at the edge of annealed and heat-treated glass.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of edge stresses and surface stresses in annealed, heat-strengthened, and fully tempered flat glass products.
1.2 This test method is non-destructive.
1.3 This test method uses transmitted light and is, therefore, applicable to light-transmitting glasses.
1.4 The test method is not applicable to chemically-tempered glass.
1.5 Using the procedure described, surface stresses can be measured only on the “tin” side of float glass.
1.6 Surface-stress measuring instruments are designed for a specific range of surface index of refraction.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method will generally distinguish between HTFs that are definitely deleterious from the corrosion standpoint and those that are suitable for further evaluation. However, the results of this test method cannot stand alone as evidence of satisfactory corrosion inhibition. The actual service value of an HTF formulation can be determined by more comprehensive evaluation and field tests, agreed between customer and supplier.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a simple beaker-type procedure for evaluating the effects of heat transfer fluids (HTF) on metal specimens under controlled laboratory conditions. Fluids tested under this method are specifically designed for heating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in 10.1.7.2, 10.1.7.3, 10.1.7.4, and A1.1.6.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This European Standard assigns sound insulation values to all transparent, translucent and opaque glass products, described in the European Standards for basic, special basic or processed glass products, when intended to be used in glazed assemblies in buildings, and which exhibit properties of acoustic protection, either as a prime intention or as a supplementary characteristic.
This document outlines the procedure, by which glass products may be rated, according to their acoustic performance which enables assessment of compliance with the acoustic requirements of buildings.
Rigorous technical analysis of measurement data remains an option, but this standard is intended to enable the derivation of simpler indices of performance, which can be adopted with confidence by non-specialists.
By adopting the principles of this standard the formulation of acoustic requirements in Building Codes and for product specification to satisfy particular needs for glazing is simplified.
It is recognised that the acoustic test procedures contained within EN ISO 140-1 and EN ISO 140-3 relate only to glass panes and their combinations. Although the same principles should be followed as closely as possible, it is inevitable that some compromises are necessary, because of the bulkier construction of other glazing types, e.g. glass blocks, paver units, channel-shaped glass, structural glazing and structural sealant glazing. Guidelines on how to adapt the test procedures for these glazing types are offered in Clause 4.
All the considerations of this standard relate to panes of glass/glazing alone. Incorporation of them into windows may cause changes in acoustic performance as a result of other influences, e.g. frame design, frame material, glazing material/method, mounting method, air tightness, etc. Measurements of the sound insulation of complete windows (glass and frame) may be undertaken to resolve such issues.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard assigns sound insulation values to all transparent, translucent and opaque glass products, described in the European Standards for basic, special basic or processed glass products, when intended to be used in glazed assemblies in buildings, and which exhibit properties of acoustic protection, either as a prime intention or as a supplementary characteristic.
This document outlines the procedure, by which glass products may be rated, according to their acoustic performance which enables assessment of compliance with the acoustic requirements of buildings.
Rigorous technical analysis of measurement data remains an option, but this standard is intended to enable the derivation of simpler indices of performance, which can be adopted with confidence by non-specialists.
By adopting the principles of this standard the formulation of acoustic requirements in Building Codes and for product specification to satisfy particular needs for glazing is simplified.
It is recognised that the acoustic test procedures contained within EN ISO 140-1 and EN ISO 140-3 relate only to glass panes and their combinations. Although the same principles should be followed as closely as possible, it is inevitable that some compromises are necessary, because of the bulkier construction of other glazing types, e.g. glass blocks, paver units, channel-shaped glass, structural glazing and structural sealant glazing. Guidelines on how to adapt the test procedures for these glazing types are offered in Clause 4.
All the considerations of this standard relate to panes of glass/glazing alone. Incorporation of them into windows may cause changes in acoustic performance as a result of other influences, e.g. frame design, frame material, glazing material/method, mounting method, air tightness, etc. Measurements of the sound insulation of complete windows (glass and frame) may be undertaken to resolve such issues.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document covers the requirements for, and testing of sealants for use in one or more of the following applications:
a) Manufacturing of insulating glass units where direct ultraviolet resistance and mechanical resistance (bonding use) of the insulating glass edge seal are required;
b) Manufacturing of factory-made bonded sealant glazing elements when referred to by the relevant European Standards and/or European Technical Approval Guidelines;
c) Assembling of glass products into or onto supports, where also direct ultraviolet resistance and/or mechanical resistance (bonding use) of the seal are required, under controlled environmental conditions as described in EN 13022-2.
This document covers the evaluation of conformity and the factory production control with respect to the production of sealants in conformity with this document.
This document describes the role of sealants that are in conformity with this document, with respect to sealing and bonding.
This document does not apply to sealants for the manufacture of insulating glass units where the seal is fully protected, i.e. by a frame, from ultraviolet radiation.
- Standard36 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Solar-energy transmittance and reflectance are important factors in the heat admission through fenestration, most commonly through glass or plastics. (See Appendix X3.) These methods provide a means of measuring these factors under fixed conditions of incidence and viewing. While the data may be of assistance to designers in the selection and specification of glazing materials, the solar-energy transmittance and reflectance are not sufficient to define the rate of heat transfer without information on other important factors. The methods have been found practical for both transparent and translucent materials as well as for those with transmittances reduced by highly reflective coatings. Method B is particularly suitable for the measurement of transmittance of inhomogeneous, patterned, or corrugated materials since the transmittance is averaged over a large area.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of solar energy transmittance and reflectance (terrestrial) of materials in sheet form. Method A, using a spectrophotometer, is applicable for both transmittance and reflectance and is the referee method. Method B is applicable only for measurement of transmittance using a pyranometer in an enclosure and the sun as the energy source. Specimens for Method A are limited in size by the geometry of the spectrophotometer while Method B requires a specimen 0.61 m2 (2 ft2). For the materials studied by the drafting task group, both test methods give essentially equivalent results.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document covers the requirements for, and testing of sealants for use in one or more of the following applications:
a) Manufacturing of insulating glass units where direct ultraviolet resistance and mechanical resistance (bonding use) of the insulating glass edge seal are required;
b) Manufacturing of factory-made bonded sealant glazing elements when referred to by the relevant European Standards and/or European Technical Approval Guidelines;
c) Assembling of glass products into or onto supports, where also direct ultraviolet resistance and/or mechanical resistance (bonding use) of the seal are required, under controlled environmental conditions as described in EN 13022-2.
This document covers the evaluation of conformity and the factory production control with respect to the production of sealants in conformity with this document.
This document describes the role of sealants that are in conformity with this document, with respect to sealing and bonding.
This document does not apply to sealants for the manufacture of insulating glass units where the seal is fully protected, i.e. by a frame, from ultraviolet radiation.
- Standard36 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 It should be realized that the design of an IG unit edge seal for use in SSG systems is a collaborative effort of at least the IG unit fabricator, sealant manufacturer, and design professional, among others.
4.2 This guide provides information on silicone sealants that are used for the secondary seal of IG units that are glazed into SSG systems.
4.3 Information is also provided on the other major components of the IG unit edge seal, compatibility of components, durability, and quality assurance (QA).
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers design and fabrication considerations for the edge seal of conventionally sealed insulating glass units, herein referred to as IG units. The IG units described are used in structural silicone sealant glazing systems, herein referred to as SSG systems. SSG systems typically are either two or four sided, glazed with a structural sealant. Other conditions such as one, three, five, six sided may be used.
1.2 This guides does not cover the IG units of other than conventional edge seal design (Fig. 1); however, the information contained herein may be of benefit to the designers of such IG units.
FIG. 1 Sealed IG Edge Seal: Basic Components
1.3 In an SSG system, IG units are retained to a metal framing system by a structural seal (Fig. 2). The size and shape of that seal, as well as numerous other SSG system design considerations, are not addressed in this guide.
FIG. 2 Typical A-Side SSG System Mullion: Horizontal Section (Vertical Joint)
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 The committee with jurisdiction for this standard is not aware of any comparable standard guides published by other organizations.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Guide13 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document gives test methods to assess the shatter properties of different types of monolithic flat glass for use in building and construction works, for which a specific fragmentation pattern is required when tested under defined conditions.
NOTE Thermally treated monolithic glass is a product for which such a requirement exists.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This standard procedure facilitates determination of the thickness of a glass construction required to resist a specified design load with a selected probability of breakage.
5.2 For optical purposes, ATCT cab glass typically utilize only annealed glass products. For this reason, some specifying authorities mandate its use and prohibit heat-strengthened and tempered glass in control cabs. This standard procedure therefore addresses the following glass constructions: annealed monolithic, annealed laminated, and insulating glass fabricated with annealed monolithic or annealed laminated glass, or both. In cases where the specifying authority approves the use of heat-strengthened or fully tempered glass in the control cab or in areas where optical characteristics do not apply but are deemed critical to the facility operation, the NFL values obtained from standard may be adjusted using appropriate Glass Type Factors (GTF) and procedures for their use as specified in Practice E1300.
5.3 Use of these procedures assume:
5.3.1 The glass is free of edge damage and is properly glazed,
5.3.2 The glass has not been subjected to abuse,
5.3.3 The surface condition of the glass is typical of glass that has been in service for several years and is significantly weaker than freshly manufactured glass due to minor abrasions on exposed surfaces,
5.3.4 The glass edge support system is sufficiently stiff to limit the lateral deflections of the supported glass edges to less than 1/175 of their lengths. The specified design load shall be used for this calculation, and
5.3.5 The center of glass deflection shall not result in loss of edge support. Typically maintaining center of glass deflection at or below the magnitude of three times the nominal glass thickness assures that no loss of edge support will occur.
5.4 Many other factors affect the selection of glass type and thickness. These factors include but are not limited to: thermal stresses, the effects of win...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the thickness of glass installed in airport traffic control towers (ATCT) to resist a specified design loading with a selected probability of breakage less than or equal to either 1 lite per 1000 or 4 lites per 1000 at the first occurrence of the design wind loading.
1.2 The procedures apply to common outward sloping cab glass designs for which the specified loads do not exceed 15 kPa (313 psf).
1.3 The procedures assume control tower cab glass has an aspect ratio no greater than 3.
1.4 The procedures assume control tower cab glass has an area no less than 1.86 m2 (20 ft2).
1.5 The use of the procedures assumes the following:
1.5.1 Monolithic and laminated glass installed in ATCTs shall have continuous lateral support along two parallel edges, along any three edges, or along all four edges;
1.5.2 Insulating glass shall have continuous lateral support along all four edges; and
1.5.3 Supported glass edges are simply supported and free to slip in plane.
1.6 The procedures do not apply to any form of wired, patterned, etched, sandblasted, or glass types with surface treatments that reduce the glass strength.
1.7 The procedures do not apply to drilled, notched, or grooved glass.
1.8 The procedures address the determination of thickness and construction type to resist a specified design wind load at a selected probability of breakage. The final glass thickness and construction determined also depends upon a variety of other factors (see 5.4).
1.9 These procedures do not address blast loading on glass.
1.10 These procedures do not apply to triple-glazed insulating glass units.
1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, assoc...
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This document gives test methods to assess the shatter properties of different types of monolithic flat glass for use in building and construction works, for which a specific fragmentation pattern is required when tested under defined conditions.
NOTE Thermally treated monolithic glass is a product for which such a requirement exists.
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This document specifies dimensions, limit deviations and edge finishes of laminated glass and laminated safety glass for use in building.
This document is not applicable to panes having an area less than 0,05 m2.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies performance requirements for laminated safety glass as defined in ISO 12543-1.
NOTE Any defects that are found in installed laminated safety glass are dealt with in ISO 12543-6.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines terms and describes component parts for laminated glass and laminated safety glass for use in building.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies performance requirements for laminated glass as defined in ISO 12543-1.
NOTE Any defects that are found in installed laminated safety glass are dealt with in ISO 12543-6.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies defects of finished sizes and test methods with regard to the appearance of laminated glass and laminated safety glass when looking through the glass.
All references to laminated glass in this document refer to both laminated glass and laminated safety glass.
NOTE Special attention is paid to acceptability criteria in the vision area.
This document is applicable to finished sizes at the time of supply.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies test methods relating to resistance to high temperature, humidity and radiation for laminated glass and laminated safety glass for use in building.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies performance requirements for laminated safety glass as defined in ISO 12543-1.
NOTE Any defects that are found in installed laminated safety glass are dealt with in ISO 12543-6.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines terms and describes component parts for laminated glass and laminated safety glass for use in building.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies dimensions, limit deviations and edge finishes of laminated glass and laminated safety glass for use in building.
This document is not applicable to panes having an area less than 0,05 m2.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Frequently IG units are adhered with a structural sealant to a metal framing system. In such applications, only the inward lite of glass is usually adhered to the frame. As a result, a significant portion of any outward-acting or negative wind load must be carried in tension by the joint seal between the two lites of the IG unit. This test will not provide information on the integrity of the IG unit primary seal; however, it may provide data on load sharing between the primary IG vapor seal and the secondary structural sealant.
5.2 Although this test method prescribes one environmental condition, other environmental conditions and exposure cycles can be employed for specific project evaluation. Such deviations should be described when reporting the data.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for quantitatively measuring the tensile strength, stiffness, and adhesion properties of insulating glass edge seals that are used in structural sealant glazing applications. Edge seals for these applications use a structural sealant to bond both glass lites and the edge spacer into a monolithic sealed insulating glass unit. In typical applications, the structural sealant acts to hold the outside lite in place under wind and gravity load and to maintain the edge spacer in its proper position. Hereafter, the term “insulating glass” will be abbreviated as “IG.”
1.2 The characterization of the IG secondary sealant properties, as defined by this test method, are strongly dependent on glass and edge spacer cleaning procedures, IG spacer profile, location of spacer, and primary IG sealant application. Users of this test method must recognize that the IG edge seal assembly influences the secondary sealant properties.
1.3 The values determined by this test method will be characteristic of the particular edge seal assembly that is tested.
Note 1: Presently, only elastomeric, chemically curing silicone sealants specifically formulated for use as the secondary seal of IG units are recognized as having the necessary durability for use in structural sealant glazing applications.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies test methods relating to resistance to high temperature, humidity and radiation for laminated glass and laminated safety glass for use in building.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies performance requirements for laminated glass as defined in ISO 12543-1.
NOTE Any defects that are found in installed laminated safety glass are dealt with in ISO 12543-6.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies defects of finished sizes and test methods with regard to the appearance of laminated glass and laminated safety glass when looking through the glass.
All references to laminated glass in this document refer to both laminated glass and laminated safety glass.
NOTE Special attention is paid to acceptability criteria in the vision area.
This document is applicable to finished sizes at the time of supply.
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This document specifies requirements for retesting laminated solar photovoltaic (PV) glass for use in buildings. This document applies to laminated solar PV glass.
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- Technical specification8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the method to be used to verify the mechanical performance of the bonded glazing for doors, windows and curtain walling (see examples in Annex A) and its durability. The bonding covered is only that between the glass and the untreated, treated or coated metal surface.
NOTE 1 Bonded glazing was formerly known as structural sealant glazing SSGS.
This document covers bonded glazing incorporated into the product construction works as follows:
- either vertically; or
- up to 83° from the vertical (positive slope); or
- up to 15° from the vertical onto the building face (negative slope).
NOTE 2 A wall has a positive slope if its outer surface faces upwards (see Figure A.1).
Specific additional safety provisions may apply nationally.
This document gives information to the manufacturer to comply with requirements regarding design, factory production control and assembly rules.
The parts concerned in the testing are the metal surface (anodized and coated aluminium, stainless steel), the surface of glass, provided or not, with a layer or coating, which shall be bonded, the bonding sealant and mechanical restraints when required.
This document does not apply to:
- other surfaces materials;
- direct glazing;
- glass-to-glass bonding and edge seal of insulating glass units (which are covered by EN 13022-1 and EN 1279-5);
- adhesive tapes.
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1.1 Scope of FprCEN/TS 19100 2
(1) FprCEN/TS 19100 2 gives basic structural design rules for mechanically supported glass components primarily subjected to out of plane loading. Out of plane loaded glass components are made of flat or curved glass components.
NOTE Out of plane loads are loads acting normal (e.g wind) to or having a component (e.g dead load, snow, ...) acting normal to the glass plane.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to FprCEN/TS 19100-2.
(2) This document is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts), EN 1993-1-1, EN 1995 1 1, EN 1998 1, EN 1999 1 1 and EN 12488.
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1.1 Scope of CEN/TS 19100 3
(1) This document gives design rules for mechanically supported glass components primarily subjected to in-plane loading. It also covers construction rules for mechanical joints for in-plane loaded glass components.
NOTE In-plane loaded glass elements are primarily subjected to in-plane loads, e.g. transferred from adjacent parts of a structure. They can also be subjected to out-of-plane loading.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to this document.
(2) This document is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts), EN 1993-1-1, EN 1995 1 1, EN 1998 1, EN 1999 1 1 and EN 12488.
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1.1 Scope of CEN/TS 19103
(1) CEN/TS 19103 gives general design rules for timber-concrete composite structures.
(2) It provides requirements for materials, design parameters, connections, detailing and execution for timber-concrete composite structures. Recommendations for environmental parameters (temperature and moisture content), design methods and test methods are given in the Annexes.
(3) It includes rules common to many types of timber-concrete composite, but does not include details for the design of glued timber-concrete composites, nor for bridges.
NOTE For the design of glued timber-concrete composites or bridges alternative references are available.
(4) It covers the design of timber-concrete composite structures in both quasi-constant and variable environmental conditions. For ease of use, it provides simple design rules for quasi-constant environmental conditions and more complex rules for variable environmental conditions.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) The general assumptions of EN 1990 apply.
(2) CEN/TS 19103 is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts), EN 1992 (all parts), EN 1994 (all parts), EN 1995 (all parts), EN 1998 (all parts) when timber structures are built in seismic regions, and ENs for construction products relevant to timber structures.
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1.1 Scope of FprCEN/TS 19100-1
(1) FprCEN/TS 19100-1 gives basic design rules for mechanically supported glass components. This document is concerned with the requirements for resistance, serviceability, fracture characteristics and glass component failure consequences in relation to human safety, robustness, redundancy and durability of glass structures.
(2) This document covers the basis of design, materials, durability and structural design.
(3) This document also covers construction rules for the structural design of glass components.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to FprCEN/TS 19100-1.
(2) This document is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts), EN 1993-1-1, EN 1995 1 1, EN 1998 1, EN 1999 1 1 and EN 12488.
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This document specifies performance requirements for laminated glass as defined in ISO 12543-1. NOTE Any defects that are found in installed laminated safety glass are dealt with in ISO 12543-6.
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