55.180.40 - Complete, filled transport packages

ASTM C1565-23(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Pack-Set Index of Portland and Blended Hydraulic Cements

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This method is intended to help manufacturers determine the relative pack-set tendency of their cement(s). The test establishes a pack-set index which, when properly correlated with field performance, is useful in predicting or preventing field unloading difficulties.
5.2 The test is an aid to routine control during cement production and is not suitable for specification purposes.
5.3 In general, field performance of cement flowability is satisfactory when the pack-set index as determined on freshly ground cement averages 0 to 15 and is unsatisfactory when the index exceeds 25. Any prediction of field performance of cement flowability measuring 16 to 25 is tenable. These are general ranges and the field performance of individual cements may not necessarily fall within these ranges. Additional conditions, after the cement has left the control of the manufacturing facility, can affect the apparent pack set index as well.
5.4 Any attempt to apply the critical range of pack-set index numbers based on freshly ground cement to job cement without special treatment of the sample would be problematic. The test is a “GO-NO-GO” type of test and should not be used for specification purposes.
5.5 The pack-set index of field cement can be evaluated in terms of the pack-set index ranges of that cement as determined when freshly-ground. This comparison can aid the manufacturer in producing cement that offers the best field performance for pack-set properties.
5.6 Silo storage of cement may result in a greater amount of consolidation than this method is designed to induce, and the resulting forces required to overcome that consolidation are not measured by this test method.
5.7 Pack set is not to be confused with “warehouse set” which results from surface hydration of the cement from adsorbed moisture.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the pack-set index, which provides an indication of the mechanical force needed to overcome the consolidation of portland and blended hydraulic cements.
1.2 The pack-set index number provides a numerical value useful for manufacturers who desire to measure and control the effect that vibration-induced consolidation has upon the manufactured cement.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. Values stated in SI units shall be obtained by measurement in SI units or by appropriate conversion, using the rules of Conversion and rounding given in Standard IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurements made in other units.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (WARNING—Fresh hydraulic-cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
5 pages
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Standard
5 pages
English language
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30-Nov-2023
55.180.40
91.100.10
C01

Standard Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and Magnesium Products

ASTM B660-23(Practice)

ABSTRACT
These practices describe methods of packaging/packing aluminum and magnesium products, in preparation for storage or shipment, both foreign and domestic. These practices are designed to deliver the products to their destination in good condition. Aluminum and magnesium products must be preserved and packed so as to be adequately protected from possible damage during shipment and storage. Major damage type are: mechanical and corrosion or water stain. These practices are classified according to levels of protection: Level A and commercial packaging.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices describe methods of packaging/packing aluminum and magnesium products, in preparation for storage or shipment, both foreign and domestic. Assuming proper and normal handling in transit, these practices are designed to deliver the products to their destination in good condition. For DOD redistribution, see Supplementary Requirements.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 Aluminum and magnesium products must be preserved and packed so as to be adequately protected from possible damage during shipment and storage. Major damage types are:
1.3.1 Mechanical, including bending, crushing, denting, scratching, or gouging during handling and storage; and abrasions resulting from vibration during transport of the material.
1.3.2 Corrosion, or water stain, resulting from exposure of packed material to water, either externally applied, or as condensate caused by temperature variations in a humid atmosphere.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
25 pages
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Standard
25 pages
English language
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31-Oct-2023
55.180.40
B07

ASTM E921-97(2022)(Specification)

Standard Specification for Export Packaged Laboratory Apparatus

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements, acceptable criteria, and testing procedures for examining loaded shipping containers. Drop, vibration, and compression tests shall be performed to measure the ability of the shipping container to protect the product from shock, vibration, and compression forces encountered during normal export handling and shipping conditions. This specification is not intended to supplant material specifications or existing preshipment test procedures, and is not intended for use with hazardous materials as well.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the procedures for testing loaded shipping containers. Drop, vibration and compression tests are performed to measure the ability of the shipping container to protect the product from shock, vibration and compressive forces encountered during normal export handling and shipping conditions. This specification is not intended to supplant material specifications or existing preshipment test procedures. This specification is not intended for use with hazardous materials.
1.2 These procedures are suitable for all types of laboratory apparatus, including reusable and disposable macro and micro products.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 4, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Technical specification
2 pages
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31-Dec-2021
55.180.40
E41

ASTM C963-00(2021)(Specification)

Standard Specification for Packaging, Identification, Shipment, and Storage of Lock-Strip Gaskets

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the packaging, identification and marking, shipment, and storage of lock-strip gaskets, and gasket assemblies and components that are used in building walls.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This specification can be referred to in contract documents as a method and workmanship standard. See also related Specification C542, Specification C716, Terminology C717, and Guide C964.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the packaging, identification, shipment, and storage of lock-strip gaskets and components that comply with Specification C542 and that are used in building walls that are not more than 15° from a vertical plane.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Technical specification
2 pages
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30-Apr-2021
55.180.40
C24

ASTM F2338-09(2020)(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Nondestructive Detection of Leaks in Packages by Vacuum Decay Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Leaks in medical device, pharmaceutical, and food packages may result in the ingress of unwanted gases (most commonly oxygen), harmful microbiological, or particulate contaminants. Package leaks may appear as imperfections in the package components themselves or at the seal juncture between mated components. The ability to detect leaks is necessary to ensure consistency and integrity of packages.
5.2 After initial set-up and calibration, individual test operation may be semi-automatic, automatic, or manual. The test method permits non-destructive detection of leaks not visibly detectable. The test method does not require the introduction of any extraneous materials or substances, such as dyes or gases. However, it is important to physically mask or block off any package porous barrier surface during the test to prevent rapid loss of chamber vacuum resulting primarily from gas migration through the porous surface. Leak detection is based solely on the ability to detect the change in pressure inside the test chamber resulting from gas or vapor egress from a package challenged with vacuum.
5.3 This test is a useful research tool for optimizing package sealing parameters and for comparatively evaluating various packages and materials. This test method is also applicable to production settings as it is rapid, non-invasive, and non-destructive, making it useful for either 100 % on-line testing or to perform tests on a statistical sampling from the production operation.
5.4 Leak test results that exceed the permissible limits for the vacuum decay test are indicated by audible or visual signal responses, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 Test Packages—Packages that can be nondestructively evaluated by this test method include:
1.1.1 Rigid and semi-rigid non-lidded trays.
1.1.2 Trays or cups sealed with porous barrier lidding material.
1.1.3 Rigid, nonporous packages.
1.1.4 Flexible, nonporous packages.
1.2 Leaks Detected—This test method detects package leaks by measuring the rise in pressure (vacuum loss) in an enclosed evacuated test chamber containing the test package. Vacuum loss results from leakage of test package headspace gases and/or volatilization of test package liquid contents located in or near the leak. When testing for leaks that may be partially or completely plugged with the package’s liquid contents, the test chamber is evacuated to a pressure below the liquid’s vaporization pressure. All methods require a test chamber to contain the test package and a leak detection system designed with one or more pressure transducers. Test method sensitivities cited below were determined using specific product-package systems selected for the precision and bias studies summarized in Table 1. Table 1 also lists other examples of relevant product-package systems that can be tested for leakage by vacuum decay.
1.2.1 Trays or Cups (Non-lidded) (Air Leakage)—Hole or crack defects in the wall of the tray/cup of at least 50 μm in diameter can be detected. Nonlidded trays were tested at a Target Vacuum of –4·E4 Pa (–400 mbar).
1.2.2 Trays Sealed with Porous Barrier Lidding Material (Headspace Gas Leakage)—Hole or crack defects in the wall of the tray/cup of at least 100 μm in diameter can be detected. Channel defects in the seal area (made using wires of 125 μm in diameter) can be detected. Severe seal bonding defects in both continuous adhesive and dot matrix adhesive package systems can be detected. Slightly incomplete dot matrix adhesive bonding defects can also be detected. All porous barrier lidding material packages were tested at a Target Vacuum of –4·E4 Pa (–400 mbar). The sensitivity of the test for porous lidded packages is approximately E-2 Pa·m3·s-1 using a calibrated volumetric airflow meter.
1.2.3 Rigid, Nonporous Packages (Headspace Gas Leakage)—Hole defects of at least 5 μm in diameter can be detected. Plastic bottles with screw caps were tested at a target vacuum...

Standard
13 pages
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14-Nov-2020
55.180.40
F02

ASTM D642-20(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining Compressive Resistance of Shipping Containers, Components, and Unit Loads

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Compressive resistance is one of the properties used to evaluate the ability of shipping containers, components, and unit loads to successfully survive the compressive forces they are subjected to during storage and distribution (see Note 1).
Note 1: For constant load test refer to Test Method D4577.
4.2 Compressive resistance may be determined with either fixed- or swiveled-platen-type testing machines. However, a fixed-head compression machine is required to perform edge-to-edge and corner-to-corner orientations on test specimens (see Note 2). Also, unit loads are generally tested only in the top-to-bottom orientation.
Note 2: Fixed-platen machines generally cause corrugated box specimens to fail at their strongest point, while swivel-platen machines cause corrugated box specimens to fail at their weakest point.5 The swiveled platen is allowed to move to the weakest point of the container.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers compression tests on shipping containers (for example, boxes and drums) or components, or both. Shipping containers may be tested with or without contents. The procedure may be used for measuring the ability of the container to resist external compressive loads applied to its faces, to diagonally opposite edges, or to corners. This test method covers testing of multiple containers or unit loads, in addition to individual shipping containers, components, materials, or combination thereof.
1.2 The test method of applying load may be used to compare the characteristics of a given design of container with a standard, or to compare the characteristics of containers differing in construction.
1.3 This test method is related to TAPPI T 804. This test method fulfills the requirements of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Test Method 12048. The ISO standards may not meet the requirements for this test method.
1.4 The test may be conducted with the container loaded with contents and interior packaging in cases where the contents share the load.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
6 pages
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Standard
6 pages
English language
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30-Sep-2020
55.180.40
D10

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages - General rules for the compilation of performance test schedules (ISO 4180:2019)

EN ISO 4180:2019(Main)

SIST EN ISO 4180:2020

This document establishes general rules for the compilation of performance test schedules for complete, filled transport packages intended for use within any distribution system except for the packages used for dangerous goods.

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26-Nov-2019
30-May-2020
55.180.40
CEN/TC 261

ASTM F1140/F1140M-13(2020)e1(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Internal Pressurization Failure Resistance of Unrestrained Packages

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods provide a rapid means of evaluating tendencies for package failure when the package is exposed to a pressure differential. Pressure differentials may occur during processes such as sterilization and transportation.
5.2 These test methods are frequently used to quickly evaluate packages during the manufacturing process and at various stages of the package's life cycle.
5.3 If correlations between pieces of test equipment are to be made, it is important that all parameters of the test method be exactly the same. Typical parameters may include, but are not limited to, package size, material, seal configuration, test equipment, rate of air flow into the package, sensitivity (machine response to pressure drop), and position of test article (see Fig. 1).
FIG. 1 Open Package Test Positions
5.4 These test methods do not necessarily provide correlation with actual package seal strength as typically measured using Test Method F88 (or equivalent).
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods explain the procedure for determining the ability of packages to withstand internal pressurization.
1.2 The burst test increasingly pressurizes the package until the package fails.
1.3 The creep test maintains a specified pressure for a specified time or until the package fails.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard
5 pages
English language
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30-Apr-2020
55.180.40
F02

SIST EN ISO 4180:2020(Main)

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages - General rules for the compilation of performance test schedules (ISO 4180:2019)

EN ISO 4180:2019

Standard
28 pages
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03-Apr-2019
30-Jan-2020
55.180.40
EPO

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages - General rules for the compilation of performance test schedules

ISO 4180:2019(Main)

Standard
21 pages
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Standard
21 pages
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Standard
24 pages
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24 pages
French language
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ASTM A700-14(2019)(Guide)

Standard Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment

ABSTRACT
These practices cover the packaging, marking, and loading of steel products for shipment, and are intended to deliver the products to their destination in good condition. It is also intended that these recommendations be used as guides for attaining uniformity, simplicity, adequacy, and economy in the shipment of steel products. These practices cover semi-finished steel products, bars, bar-size shapes and sheet pilings, rods, wire and wire products, tubular products, plates, sheets, and strips, tin mill products, and castings.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the packaging, marking, and loading of steel products for shipment. Assuming proper handling in transit, this guide is intended to assist shippers in packaging and loading steel products to arrive at their destination safely and in good condition. It is also intended that this guide may be used for attaining uniformity, simplicity, sufficiency, and economy in the shipment of steel products.
1.2 This guide applies to semi-finished steel products, bars, structural shapes and sheet piling, rods, wire and wire products, tubular products, plates, sheets, and strips, tin mill products, and castings.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Guide
5 pages
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31-Oct-2019
55.180.40
A01

ASTM E920-97(2019)(Specification)

Standard Specification for Commercially Packaged Laboratory Apparatus

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the procedures for testing loaded shipping containers. Drop and vibration tests are performed to measure the ability of the shipping container to protect the product from the shock and vibration the container receives during normal handling and transporting. This specification is not intended for use with hazardous materials. The procedures are suitable for all types of laboratory apparatus, including reusable and disposable macro and micro products.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the procedures for testing loaded shipping containers. Drop and vibration tests are performed to measure the ability of the shipping container to protect the product from the shock and vibration the container receives during normal handling and transporting. This specification is not intended to supplant material specifications or existing preshipment test procedures. This specification is not intended for use with hazardous materials.
1.2 These procedures are suitable for all types of laboratory apparatus, including reusable and disposable macro and micro products.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 4, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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2 pages
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30-Jun-2019
55.180.40
E41

ASTM E1974-19(Specification)

Standard Specification for Shelter, Electrical Equipment S-250/G

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements and the corresponding test methods for one type of lightweight field and mobile shelter designed for transport by cargo truck, fixed or rotary winged aircraft, by rail, and ship, designated as electric equipment shelter S-250/G. These requirements include those for the material, construction, environmental performance, structural integrity, and tightness characteristics.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers one type of lightweight field and mobile rigid wall shelter designed for transport by cargo truck, fixed or rotary winged aircraft, by rail, and ship, designated as Shelter, Electrical Equipment S-250/G.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat refers only to the test methods portion of this specification. This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of the standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Technical specification
18 pages
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Technical specification
18 pages
English language
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30-Jun-2019
55.180.40
E06

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Vertical random vibration test (ISO 13355:2016)

EN ISO 13355:2016(Main)

SIST EN ISO 13355:2017

ISO 13355:2016 specifies a method to carry out a vertical random vibration test on a complete, filled transport package(s) and unit loads using random excitation[1]. This document also provides methods for assessing the performance of a package in terms of its strength or the protection that it offers to its contents when it is subjected to vertical vibration. The test discussed in this document can be performed either as a single test to investigate the effects of vertical vibration, or as a part of a sequence of tests designed to measure the ability of a test specimen to withstand a distribution system that includes a vibration hazard.
NOTE In this International Standard, a package or unit load is referred to as test specimen.
[1] Random vibration theory is discussed in IEC 60068-2-64.

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SIST EN ISO 13355:2017(Main)

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Vertical random vibration test (ISO 13355:2016)

EN ISO 13355:2016

Standard
17 pages
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29-Sep-2015
19-Feb-2017
55.180.40
80/232/EEC
87/356/EEC
EPO

Transport packaging - Reusable, rigid plastic distribution boxes - Part 1: General purpose application

ISO 18616-1:2016(Main)

ISO 18616-1:2016 specifies the four main types of reusable, rigid plastic distribution boxes for general purpose application in the fields of handling, transport, storage and display of products in distribution systems from the point of manufacture to the point of retail services: a) rigid parallelepipedic and rectangular boxes (stackable boxes); b) foldable boxes; c) nestable boxes; d) nestable and stackable boxes. These boxes are based on the modular area 600 mm × 400 mm, 600 mm × 500 mm, 550 mm × 366 mm and subdivisions of them. This document defines the main types of rigid plastic distribution boxes, dimensions, safety, designation, marking and labeling. ISO 18616-1:2016 is designed for general purpose applications in a returnable transport system. For automotive industry application, ISO 19709‑1, ISO/TS 19709‑2 and ISO/TS 19709-3 can be referenced.

Standard
16 pages
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07-Nov-2016
55.180.40
ISO/TC 122

Transport packaging - Reusable, rigid plastic distribution boxes - Part 2: General specifications for testing

ISO 18616-2:2016(Main)

ISO 18616-2:2016 specifies the test methods for handling and managing reusable, rigid plastic distribution boxes. These boxes are based on the modular area 600 mm × 400 mm, 600 mm × 500 mm, 550 mm × 366 mm and subdivisions of them. ISO 18616-2:2016 is designed for general purpose applications in a returnable transport system. For automotive industry application, ISO 19709‑1, ISO/TS 19709-2 and ISO/TS 19709-3 can be referenced.

Standard
8 pages
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07-Nov-2016
55.180.40
ISO/TC 122

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Vertical random vibration test

ISO 13355:2016(Main)

ISO 13355:2016 specifies a method to carry out a vertical random vibration test on a complete, filled transport package(s) and unit loads using random excitation[1]. This document also provides methods for assessing the performance of a package in terms of its strength or the protection that it offers to its contents when it is subjected to vertical vibration. The test discussed in this document can be performed either as a single test to investigate the effects of vertical vibration, or as a part of a sequence of tests designed to measure the ability of a test specimen to withstand a distribution system that includes a vibration hazard. NOTE In this International Standard, a package or unit load is referred to as test specimen. [1] Random vibration theory is discussed in IEC 60068-2-64.

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Standard
9 pages
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Standard
10 pages
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Standard
10 pages
French language
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Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Packages for Single Parcel Delivery Systems

ASTM D7386-16(Practice)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides a guide for the evaluation of shipping units in accordance with a uniform system, using established test methods at levels representative of those occurring in actual distribution. The recommended test levels are based on available information on the shipping and handling environment, and current industry/government practice and experience. The tests should be performed sequentially on the same containers in the order given. For use as a performance test, this practice requires that the shipping unit tested remain unopened until the sequence of tests are completed. If used for other purposes, such as package development, it may be useful to open and inspect shipping units at various times throughout the sequence. This may, however, prohibit evaluating the influence of the container closure on container performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides a uniform basis of evaluating, in a laboratory, the ability of shipping units, weighing up to but not exceeding 150 lb (68 kg), intended for the single parcel delivery system to withstand the hazards associated with the distribution environment. This is accomplished by subjecting them to a test plan consisting of a sequence of anticipated hazard elements encountered in the distribution cycles. This practice is not intended to supplant material specifications or existing pre-shipment test procedures.
1.2 The suitability of this practice for use with hazardous materials has not been determined.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 1.1.

Standard
10 pages
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Standard
10 pages
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31-Mar-2016
55.180.40
D10

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Performance testing schedules for common distribution chains

EN 15552:2008(Main)

SIST EN 15552:2008

This European Standard specifies methods of deriving schedules for testing completed, filled transport packages and unit loads, representative of current distribution chains within Europe.

Standard
14 pages
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05-Aug-2008
27-Feb-2009
55.180.40
CEN/TC 261

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Performance testing schedules for common distribution chains

SIST EN 15552:2008

EN 15552:2008

This European Standard specifies methods of deriving schedules for testing completed, filled transport packages and unit loads, representative of current distribution chains within Europe.

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08-Sep-2008
55.180.40
EPO

Packaging - Reuse - Methods for assessing the performance of a reuse system

CEN/TR 14520:2007(Main)

SIST-TP CEN/TR 14520:2008

This Technical Report gives methods of assessing the performance of a reuse system related to the proportion of reused packaging in use. This may be measured by:
- the average number of rotations during a calculation period and the lifetime; or
- the reuse ratio.
The choice of method will vary according to the type of reuse system and information available.

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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Impact test by rotational drop

EN 14149:2003(Main)

SIST EN 14149:2003

This European Standard specifies methods for carrying out a rotational impact test on complete, filled transport packages or unit loads, by dropping. It can be performed either as a single test to investigate the effects of rotational impact or as part of a sequence of tests designed to measure the ability of a package or unit load to withstand a distribution system that includes a rotational impact hazard.

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11 pages
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26-Aug-2003
28-Feb-2004
55.180.40
80/232/EEC
87/356/EEC
CEN/TC 261

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Impact test by rotational drop

SIST EN 14149:2003(Main)

EN 14149:2003

Standard
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SIST EN ISO 2875:2003(Main)

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Water-spray test (ISO 2875:2000)

EN ISO 2875:2002

This International Standard specifies a method for testing the resistance of a complete, filled transport package or a
unit load to water spray or the protection it gives to its contents from water spray. It may also be used to
precondition a complete, filled transport package or a unit load prior to another test to investigate reduction in
strength caused by exposure to water.
The test is performed on the test specimen as prepared for transport and may form part of a test sequence.

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8 pages
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30-Jun-2003
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EPO

SIST EN ISO 2873:2003(Main)

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Low pressure test (ISO 2873:2000)

EN ISO 2873:2002

This International Standard specifies a method for subjecting complete, filled transport packages and unit loads to
conditions of low air pressure similar to those encountered in aircraft.
This method is applicable to complete, filled transport packages and unit loads which are intended to be transported
in pressurized aircraft flying at any altitude and in unpressurized aircraft flying at 3 500 m or less.

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SIST EN ISO 2247:2003(Main)

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Vibration tests at fixed low frequency (ISO 2247:2000)

EN ISO 2247:2002

This International Standard specifies methods to carry out vibration tests on complete, filled transport packages or
unit loads using sinusoidal excitation at fixed frequency. These tests may be used to assess the performance of
packages and unit loads in terms of the strength or the protection that they offer to their contents when subjected to
low frequency vibration. These tests may be performed either as a single test to investigate the effects of low
frequency vibration or as a part of a sequence of tests designed to measure the ability of a package or unit load to
withstand a distribution system that includes a vibration hazard at low frequency or repetitive shocks.

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SIST EN ISO 2234:2003(Main)

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Stacking tests using a static load (ISO 2234:2000)

EN ISO 2234:2002

This International Standard specifies three methods for carrying out a stacking test on a complete, filled transport
package, or on a unit load, using a static load. Whichever method is employed, the test may be used to assess the
performance of a package or a unit load, in terms of its strength or the protection that it offers to its contents when it
is subjected to stacking. It may be performed either as a single test to investigate the effects (deformation, creep,
collapse or failure) of stacking or as part of a sequence of tests designed to measure the ability of a package or a
unit load to withstand a distribution system that includes a stacking hazard.
The test may also be used to investigate performance under particular conditions of loading, as, for example, when
the bottom package in a stack rests on an open-decked pallet; or when the profile of the superimposed load is
eccentric, as when it is supported on the bearers of a single-decked pallet which rests on a container. For such
purposes, one of the three methods of carrying out the test may be more suitable than the others.
NOTE A method for carrying out a stacking test using a compression tester is given in ISO 120481).

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SIST EN ISO 2244:2003(Main)

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Horizontal impact tests (ISO 2244:2000)

EN ISO 2244:2002

This International Standard specifies methods of horizontal impact testing (horizontal or inclined plane test and
pendulum test) on a complete, filled transport package or a unit load. The test may be performed either as a single
test to investigate the effects of horizontal impact or as part of a sequence of tests designed to measure the ability
of a package or a unit load to withstand a distribution system that includes a horizontal impact hazard.

Standard
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SIST EN ISO 8318:2003(Main)

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Sinusoidal vibration tests using a variable frequency (ISO 8318:2000)

EN ISO 8318:2002

This International Standard specifies two methods for carrying out a sinusoidal vibration test on a complete, filled
transport package or unit load using a variable frequency. These tests may be used to assess the performance of a
package or an unit load in terms of its strength or the protection that it offers to its contents when it is subjected to
vertical vibration. Each may be performed either as a single test to investigate the effects of vertical vibration or as
part of a sequence of tests designed to measure the ability of a package or unit load to withstand a distribution
system that includes a vibration hazard.

Standard
7 pages
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Water-spray test (ISO 2875:2000)

EN ISO 2875:2002(Main)

SIST EN ISO 2875:2003

Standard
8 pages
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05-Nov-2002
55.180.40
CEN/TC 261

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Sinusoidal vibration tests using a variable frequency (ISO 8318:2000)

EN ISO 8318:2002(Main)

SIST EN ISO 8318:2003

Standard
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Horizontal impact tests (ISO 2244:2000)

EN ISO 2244:2002(Main)

SIST EN ISO 2244:2003

Standard
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Stacking tests using a static load (ISO 2234:2000)

EN ISO 2234:2002(Main)

SIST EN ISO 2234:2003

Standard
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Low pressure test (ISO 2873:2000)

EN ISO 2873:2002(Main)

SIST EN ISO 2873:2003

Standard
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Vibration tests at fixed low frequency (ISO 2247:2000)

EN ISO 2247:2002(Main)

SIST EN ISO 2247:2003

Standard
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Conditioning for testing (ISO 2233:2000)

EN ISO 2233:2001(Main)

SIST EN ISO 2233:2002

complete filled transport package for testing.

Standard
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17-Jul-2001
30-Jan-2002
55.180.40
80/232/EEC
87/356/EEC
CEN/TC 261

SIST EN ISO 12048:2002(Main)

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages - Compression and stacking tests using a compression tester (ISO 12048:1994)

EN ISO 12048:2000

Specifies a method for testing the resistance to compression of complete, filled transport packages and a method for carrying out a stacking test on complete, filled transport packages using the same apparatus.

Standard
8 pages
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31-Dec-2001
55.180.40
EPO

SIST EN ISO 2233:2002(Main)

Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Conditioning for testing (ISO 2233:2000)

EN ISO 2233:2001

complete filled transport package for testing.

Standard
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages - Test methods for the determination of the centre of gravity of a package

SIST EN 13054:2002(Main)

EN 13054:2001

This standard specifies two methods of determining the location of the centre of gravity of flat sided rigid packages or unit loads. In the following text, a package or a unit load is called "a test item".

Standard
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Stacking tests using a static load

ISO 2234:2000(Main)

This International Standard specifies three methods for carrying out a stacking test on a complete, filled transport package, or on a unit load, using a static load. Whichever method is employed, the test may be used to assess the performance of a package or a unit load, in terms of its strength or the protection that it offers to its contents when it is subjected to stacking. It may be performed either as a single test to investigate the effects (deformation, creep, collapse or failure) of stacking or as part of a sequence of tests designed to measure the ability of a package or a unit load to withstand a distribution system that includes a stacking hazard. The test may also be used to investigate performance under particular conditions of loading, as, for example, when the bottom package in a stack rests on an open-decked pallet; or when the profile of the superimposed load is eccentric, as when it is supported on the bearers of a single-decked pallet which rests on a container. For such purposes, one of the three methods of carrying out the test may be more suitable than the others. NOTE A method for carrying out a stacking test using a compression tester is given in ISO 120481).

Standard
4 pages
English language
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Standard
4 pages
French language
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Low pressure test

ISO 2873:2000(Main)

This International Standard specifies a method for subjecting complete, filled transport packages and unit loads to conditions of low air pressure similar to those encountered in aircraft. This method is applicable to complete, filled transport packages and unit loads which are intended to be transported in pressurized aircraft flying at any altitude and in unpressurized aircraft flying at 3 500 m or less.

Standard
4 pages
English language
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Standard
4 pages
French language
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Sinusoidal vibration tests using a variable frequency

ISO 8318:2000(Main)

This International Standard specifies two methods for carrying out a sinusoidal vibration test on a complete, filled transport package or unit load using a variable frequency. These tests may be used to assess the performance of a package or an unit load in terms of its strength or the protection that it offers to its contents when it is subjected to vertical vibration. Each may be performed either as a single test to investigate the effects of vertical vibration or as part of a sequence of tests designed to measure the ability of a package or unit load to withstand a distribution system that includes a vibration hazard.

Standard
4 pages
English language
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Standard
4 pages
French language
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Horizontal impact tests

ISO 2244:2000(Main)

This International Standard specifies methods of horizontal impact testing (horizontal or inclined plane test and pendulum test) on a complete, filled transport package or a unit load. The test may be performed either as a single test to investigate the effects of horizontal impact or as part of a sequence of tests designed to measure the ability of a package or a unit load to withstand a distribution system that includes a horizontal impact hazard.

Standard
8 pages
English language
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Standard
8 pages
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Conditioning for testing

ISO 2233:2000(Main)

Standard
4 pages
English language
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Standard
4 pages
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Vibration tests at fixed low frequency

ISO 2247:2000(Main)

This International Standard specifies methods to carry out vibration tests on complete, filled transport packages or unit loads using sinusoidal excitation at fixed frequency. These tests may be used to assess the performance of packages and unit loads in terms of the strength or the protection that they offer to their contents when subjected to low frequency vibration. These tests may be performed either as a single test to investigate the effects of low frequency vibration or as a part of a sequence of tests designed to measure the ability of a package or unit load to withstand a distribution system that includes a vibration hazard at low frequency or repetitive shocks.

Standard
5 pages
English language
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Standard
5 pages
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads - Water-spray test

ISO 2875:2000(Main)

This International Standard specifies a method for testing the resistance of a complete, filled transport package or a unit load to water spray or the protection it gives to its contents from water spray. It may also be used to precondition a complete, filled transport package or a unit load prior to another test to investigate reduction in strength caused by exposure to water. The test is performed on the test specimen as prepared for transport and may form part of a test sequence.

Standard
5 pages
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Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages - Water immersion test (ISO 8474:1986)

SIST EN 28474:1998(Main)

EN 28474:1992

The test is principally intended for packages which are waterproof or which are intended to provide some degree of "waterproofness". The test is performed on the package as prepared for transport and may form part of a test sequence. Principle: Conditioning of the package, followed by complete immersion in water, removal and draining and drying in the conditioning atmosphere. The time of immersion, time of draining and drying and the atmospheric conditions are predetermined.

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Complete, filled transport packages - Distribution trials - Information to be recorded (ISO 4178:1980)

SIST EN 24178:1998(Main)

EN 24178:1992

This is applicable to distribution systems in which the hazards of stacking, vertical impact, horizontal impact, and vibration are encountered or are likely to be encountered. The following information shall be recorded in the order given: description of the trial, results of the trial, package, hazards in trial and general information.

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