SIST EN ISO 4180:2020

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 4180:2019
01-marec-2019
Embalaža - Celovita, napolnjena transportna embalaža - Splošna pravila za
pripravo programov preskušanja primernosti za uporabo (ISO/DIS 4180:2019)
Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages - General rules for the compilation of
performance test schedules (ISO/DIS 4180:2019)
Emballages - Emballages d'expédition complets et pleins - Règles générales pour
l'établissement de programmes d'essais de performance (ISO/DIS 4180:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 4180 rev
ICS:
55.180.40 Celovita, napolnjena Complete, filled transport
transportna embalaža packages
oSIST prEN ISO 4180:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN ISO 4180:2019

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oSIST prEN ISO 4180:2019
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 4180
ISO/TC 122/SC 3 Secretariat: BSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2019-02-04 2019-04-29
Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages —
General rules for the compilation of performance test
schedules
Emballages — Emballages d'expédition complets et pleins — Règles générales pour l'établissement de
programmes d'essais de performance
ICS: 55.180.40
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
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STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
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WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 4180:2019(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2019

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oSIST prEN ISO 4180:2019
ISO/DIS 4180:2019(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
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ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

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oSIST prEN ISO 4180:2019
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Contents  Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2  Normative references . 1
3  Terms and definitions . 2
4  Hazard . 2
5  Preparation of the test schedule . 3
6  Test method . 7
6.1 The laboratory atmosphere . 7
6.2 Specimens . 7
6.2.1 Content of specimens . 7
6.2.2 Number of specimens . 7
6.2.3 Identification of specimen . 7
6.3 Conditioning . 7
6.4 Vibration test . 8
6.4.1 General. 8
6.4.2 Vertical random vibration test in general transportation: A1 . 8
6.4.3 Sinusoidal vibration test in general transportation: A2 . 9
6.4.4 Random vibration test in rough road transportation: A3 .10
6.4.5 Sinusoidal vibration test in rough road transportation: A4 .11
6.4.6 Stacked vibration test: A6 .11
6.5 Drop test .11
6.5.1 Testing classification (common for free-fall test and rotational edge drop test) .11
6.5.2 Free-fall test (applies to man handling): B1 .12
6.5.3 Rotational drop test (machine handling): B2.12
6.5.4 Horizontal impact test: B3 .13
6.6 Compression test: C .14
6.6.1 Test apparatus and test method .14
6.6.2 Compression test using a compression tester .14
6.6.3 Stacking load tests using a static load .16
6.7 Temperature and humidity environmental test: D1 .18
6.8 Low-pressure test: D2 .19
7  Test report .19
Bibliography .21
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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 122, Packaging, Subcommittee SC 3,
Performance requirements and tests for means of packaging, packages and unit loads (as required by ISO/
TC 122).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4180:2009) which has been technically
revised. The first edition of ISO 4180:2009 cancelled and replaced ISO 4180-1:1980 and ISO 4180-2:1980.
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oSIST prEN ISO 4180:2019
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 4180:2019(E)
Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages —
General rules for the compilation of performance test
schedules
1 Scope
This International Standard establishes general rules for the compilation of performance test schedules
for complete, filled transport packages intended for use within any distribution system except for the
packages used for dangerous goods.
2  Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14149, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads — Impact test by rotational drop
ISO 2206, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages — Identification of parts when testing
ISO 2233, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads — Conditioning for testing
ISO 2234, Packaging  —  Complete,  filled  transport  packages  and  unit  loads  —  Stacking  tests  using  a
static load
ISO 2244, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads — Horizontal impact tests
ISO 2247, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads — Vibration tests at fixed low
frequency
ISO 2248, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages — Vertical impact test by dropping
ISO 2873, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads — Low pressure test
ISO 2875, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads — Water-spray test
ISO 2876, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages — Rolling test
ISO 8318, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads — Sinusoidal vibration tests
using a variable frequency
ISO 8768, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages — Toppling test
ISO 10531, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages — Stability testing of unit loads
ISO 12048, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages — Compression and stacking tests using a
compression tester
ISO 13355:2016, Packaging  —  Complete,  filled  transport  packages  and  unit  loads  —  Vertical  random
vibration test
ISO 21067-1, Packaging — Vocabulary — Part 1: General terms
IEC 60068-1:2013, Environmental testing — Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 60068-2-64, Environmental  testing — Part  2-64:  Tests  -  Test  Fh:  Vibration,  broadband  random
and  guidance
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IEC 20068-3-8, Environmental  testing — Part  3-8:  Supporting  documentation  and  guidance — Selecting
amongst vibration tests
3  Terms and definitions
General terms and definitions are found in ISO 21067. The following terms and definitions apply specific
to this document.
3.1
performance test schedule
single laboratory test, or series of tests, intended to ascertain the performance, under working
conditions, of the subject under test
3.2
hazard
factor which brings a possibility of damage or deterioration of the value to the packaged freight or product
3.3
power spectral density (acceleration power spectral density
PSD
degree of variation in energy for each frequency to the acceleration signal in a specific frequency range
as a function of frequency. Refer to IEC 60068-2-64, 3-8
4  Hazard
Typical hazards in the logistics process, and the related international testing standards, are shown in
Table 1.
Table 1 — Expected hazard during logistics process, and related international testing
standards
Basic factor
Hazard Related international standards
in logistics
Vertical random vibration test ISO 13355
Sinusoidal vibration tests using a
— Vibration during transportation
ISO 8318
variable frequency
— Repetitive impact by flip-up
Vibration tests at fixed low frequen-
ISO 2247
cy
Horizontal impact by sudden stop or start
Transport
Horizontal impact test ISO 2244
Horizontal impact by linking work of rail-
way freight car
Random vibration test ISO 13355
Variable compression test for stacking
Sinusoidal vibration tests using a
during transportation
ISO 8318
variable frequency
Low pressure by high altitude Low pressure test ISO 2873
Drop impact by human handling ISO 2248
Vertical impact test by dropping
Drop impact by machine handling EN 14149
Horizontal impact during handling by
Horizontal impact test ISO 2244
forklift or crane as such
Handling
Rough handling by rolling Rolling test ISO 2876
Topple Toppling test ISO 8768
Handling of unit load Stability testing of unit loads ISO 10531
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Table 1 (continued)
Basic factor
Hazard Related international standards
in logistics
Stacking tests using a static load ISO 2234
Compression load in stacking storage in
Storage
Compression test using a compres-
warehouse
ISO 12048
sion tester
High temperature test
ISO 2233
High temperature/High humidity
Temperature and humidity
test
Climate IEC 60068-1
Low temperature test
Wet, dewing Water-spray test ISO 2875
5  Preparation of the test schedule
5.1 Test item shall be selected from Table 2 depend on the expected hazard considering logistics
related elements which affect to the specimen.
The characteristics of the specimen, test equipment and past damage experience should be considered
when select the test item.
Table 3 shows an example of hazards and corresponding test items.
5.2 The test schedule shall be chosen by accumulated or integrated from selected hazard. Follow the
Article 6 for the selection of test level.
However, the test level can be modified by the agreement between stakeholders.
Table 4 shows example of performance test schedule.
5.3 There is no predetermined test sequence. If the user does not have specific information about
the distribution cycle and corresponding hazards on its package, refer to Table 4 for the example of test
order. Each test method may also be performed individually when necessary.
5.4 The test level based on the actual measurement data shall be prior if available.
5.5 Refer to ISO 10531 for handling and stability test of the unit load.
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4 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Table 2 — Selection guide for test item and test level
Guide for selection of test
Test meth-
Symbol Test item
ods
Type of hazard Examples of the product
Vertical random vibration test in general
A1 6.4.2
transportation
Vertical vibration or stacking load in gen-
A)
eral transportation
Sinusoidal vibration test in general trans-
A2 6.4.3
portation
—  Electric, electronics or mechanical products
Random vibration test in rough road
A3 6.4.4
transportation
Transport —  High precision surfaced products
Sinusoidal vibration test in rough road Repetitive shock by poor road
—  Powder or granular products
A4 6.4.5
transportation
A5 Vibration tests at fixed low frequency ISO 2247
Variable compression by vibration during
A6 Stacked vibration test 6.4.6
transportation
B1 Free-fall test Human handling —  Electronic component or product which has 6.5.2
mechanical structure
B2 Rotational drop test Machinery handling 6.5.3
—  Liquid or semi-liquid product
Horizontal impact during handling or
B3 Horizontal impact test 6.5.4
Handling
transportation
—  Liquid, semi-liquid, powder or granular prod-
ucts which are weak to sharp item
Toppling test Toppling during handling ISO 8768
—  Pressure sensitive product, powder or granular
Rolling test Rough handling by rolling ISO 2786
products
Storage C Compression test Stacking pressure in warehouse Container for warehouse storage and products 6.6
High temperature with low humidity Deformation or cracking by the high temperature 6.7
—  Sensitive to corrosion
Temperature and humidity environmen-
D1 High temperature/High humidity —  Hygroscopic product 6.7
tal test
—  Mold, spoil, degrade
Climate
Low temperature Degradation by contraction or embrittlement 6.7
—  Failure, deformation
D2 Low pressure test Low pressure 6.8
—  Leak of the contents
B)
Water spray test Rain Wet damage ISO 2875
A)
Random vibration has priority.
B)
Test condition may be specified by the agreement of stakeholders.

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Table 3 — Example of hazards and corresponding test items
Selection of test
No. Activity Hazard Correspond test item
method
1 Unitization at factory Machine handling Rotational drop test: B2 6.5.3
Rotational drop test: B2 6.5.3
2 Container loading by forklift Machine handling
Horizontal impact test: B3 6.5.4
3 Transport to port 150 km, paved road, by trailer Vertical random vibration test: A1 6.4.2
4 Storage at port Maximum stack height: 2,4 m Compression test: C 6.6
Rotational drop test: B2 6.5.3
5 Load to container ship Machine handling
Horizontal impact test: B3 6.5.4
Vibration Vertical random vibration test: A1 6.4.2
6 Transport by ship
Maximum stack height: 2,4 m Compression test: C 6.6
7 Unload from container ship Machine handling Rotational drop test: B2 6.5.3
Vertical random vibration test: A1 6.4.2
8 Transport container to warehouse 3 000 km, paved road, by trailer
Horizontal impact test: B3 6.5.4
Rotational drop test: B2 6.5.3
Machine handling
Storage operation by forklift Horizontal impact test: B3 6.5.4
9
Storage at warehouse Maximum stack height: 5 m Compression test: C 6.6
Temperature/Humidity Temperature and humidity environmental test: D1 6.7
De-banning at warehouse
10 Man handling Free-fall test: B1 6.5.2
Reload to local distribution truck
Random vibration: A1 6.4.2
Partly unpaved, truck
11 Transport to final destination Random vibration test in rough road transportation: A3 6.4.4
Partly air cargo Low pressure test: D2 6.8
12 Unloading at final destination Man handling Free-fall test: B1 6.5.2

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6 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Table 4 — Example of performance test schedule
Example of test order
Test schedule
1 2 3 4
A: Sequential test using one Conditioning Compression test Vertical random vibration Free-fall test
specimen [6.3 Method B] [6.6.2.2, Table 22, Classification level 2] test [6.4.2 Table 6, Level 1] [6.5.2 Table 17]
Random vibration test in
Conditioning Vertical random vibration test Free-fall test
rough road transportation
[6.3 Method A] [6.4.2 Table 6, Level 1] [6.5.2 Table 17]
[6.4.4 Table 12, Level 2]
B: Parallel test using multi-
Conditioning Compression test
ple specimens
[6.3 Method B] [6.6.2.2, Table 22, Classification level 2]
Conditioning Temperature and humidity environmental test
(in case of four specimens)
[6.3 Method B] [6.7, table 26, High temperature test]
Conditioning Low pressure test
[6.3 Method B] [6.8, Table 27, Level 2]

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6  Test method
6.1  The laboratory atmosphere
The laboratory shall be in the standard atmospheric conditions specified in IEC 60068-1, except special
conditions.
NOTE IEC 60068-1 is referred in this situation due to the difference of environment between pre-
conditioning and laboratory atmosphere.
6.2  Specimens
6.2.1  Content of specimens
Each test specimen shall normally be filled with its intended content. However, simulated or substituted
content can be used, provided that the dimensions and physical properties of such content are as close
as possible to those of the intended content. The specimen shall be packaged (closed, sealed, bundled as
such) under shipment conditions.
6.2.2  Number of specimens
Preparing several specimens are recommended for high reliability of test result. The number of
specimens may be decided by standard user or by the agreement of stakeholders.
6.2.3  Identification of specimen
The identification of specimens shall be in accordance with ISO 2206.
6.3   Conditioning
Conditioning shall be applied in accordance with Table 5, depending on the characteristics of the
packaged product. For the compression test, Method B should be applied, except for other temperature
environment.
Table 5 — Conditioning method for specimen
A)
Method Case Conditioning
The specimen is brought from a different
Condition until the specimen matches a laboratory
A temperature or humidity atmosphere
atmosphere sufficiently
from the laboratory
The characteristic of specimen is sensitive Condition for not less than 24 h, or until the content
B
to temperature or humidity reaches equilibrium at 23 ˚C, 50 %RH.
Condition for not less than 24 h, or until the content
The specimen requires other test condi-
C reaches equilibrium, with the condition prescribed in
tions
B)
ISO 2233 or as specified by the standard user .
A)
If the test cannot be conducted with the necessary conditioning, the test shall be conducted as soon as possible after
removing the specimen from the environmental conditioning apparatus. Re-conditioning should be applied if needed.
B) [1],[2]
Depending upon the region of the testing, more specific conditions applicable to the region are available.
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6.4  Vibration test
6.4.1  General
Sinusoidal vibration testing (see 6.4.3 and 6.4.5) shall be conducted only where the random vibration
(see 6.4.2 and 6.4.4) test is not available.
NOTE The distance of transportation by boat and aircraft are not included in the distance of transportation
of Tables 6, 7, 10, and 11 because the vibration level of those transportation modes are considered very low.
6.4.2  Vertical random vibration test in general transportation: A1
6.4.2.1 Place the specimen on the vibration table which simulates the restraint method and loading
method during transportation.
6.4.2.2 Carry out the test using the apparatus and the method for vertical random vibration specified
in ISO 13355 under the test conditions in 6.4.2.3 and 6.4.2.4, and for the time specified in Table 6 when
the loading orientation is known.
6.4.2.3 When the loading orientation during transport cannot be predicted, perform the test along
three axis prescribed in Table 7.
6.4.2.4 The direction of vibration shall be vertical. If needed, horizontal vibration can be performed
with the agreement of stakeholders.
Table 6 — Distance of transportation and test time when loading orientation was known
Long ← Transport distance → Short
Distance 4 000 km 2 000 km 1 000 km
Vibration level Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
PSD PSD A PSD B PSD A PSD B PSD A PSD B
Test time 100 min 20 min 50 min 10 min 25 min 5 min
NOTE  Refer to Table 8 and Table 9 for the details of “PSD profile A” and “PSD profile B”.
Table 7 — Distance of transportation and test time when the loading orientation cannot be
predicted
Long ← Transport distance → Short
Distance 4 000 km 2 000 km 1 000 km
Vibration level Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
PSD profile A profile B profile A profile B profile A profile B
Intended shipping
50 min 10 min 25 min 5 min 10 min 5 min
orientation
Not intended shipping
25 min 5 min 10 min 5 min 5 min 5 min
orientation 1
Not intended shipping
25 min 5 min 10 min 5 min 5 min 5 min
orientation 2
NOTE  Refer to Table 8 and Table 9 for the details of “PSD profile A” and “PSD profile B”.
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Table 8 — PSD profile A
2 2 2
Frequency (Hz) PSD [(m/s ) /Hz] PSD (G /Hz)
2 0,012 0,000 125
4 0,288 0,003
18 0,288 0,003
40 0,024 0,000 25
200 0,012 0,000 125
rms 2,97 0,303
2
NOTE  rms acceleration value respectively m/s and G.
Table 9 — PSD profile B (ISO 13355:2016, Annex A)
2 2 2
Frequency (Hz) PSD [(m/s ) /Hz] PSD (G /Hz)
2 0,048 0,000 5
4 1,154 0,012
18 1,154 0,012
40 0,096 0,001
200 0,048 0,000 5
rms 5,926 0,604
2
NOTE  rms acceleration value respectively m/s and G.
6.4.3  Sinusoidal vibration test in general transportation: A2
6.4.3.1 Place the sample on the vibration table which simulates the restraint method and loading
method during transportation.
6.4.3.2 Carry out the test using the apparatus and the method specified in ISO 8318 under the test
conditions for sweep sinusoidal vibration test in Table 10.
6.4.3.4 When the loading orientation during transport cannot be predicted, carry out the test in the
normal transportation, the vertical placement and the horizontal placement, respectively. For the test
time prescribed in Table 11.
6.4.3.5 The direction of vibration shall be vertical. If needed, horizontal vibration can be applied with
the agreement of stake-holders.
Table 10 — Distance of transportation and sweep cycle when loading orientation was known
Long ← Transport distance → Short
4 000 km 2 000 km 1 000 km
Frequency range 3 Hz – 100 Hz
2
Acceleration (m/s ) 7,0
Sweep speed 0,5 octave/min
Sweep cycle (Test time) 6 cycle (about 120 min) 3 cycle (about 60 min) 1,5 cycle (about 30 min)
NOTE  Refer to IEC 60068-2-6 for sweep cycle.
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Table 11 — Distance of transportation and sweep cycle when the loading orientation cannot be
predicted
Long ←Transport distance → Short
Distance 4 000 km 2 000 km 1 000 km
Intended shipping ori-
3 cycle (about 60 min) 1,5 cycle (about 30 min) 1 cycle (about 20 min)
entation
Not intended shipping
1,5 cycle (about 30 min) 1 cycle (about 20 min) 0,5 cycle (about 10 min)
orientation 1
Not intended shipping
1,5 cycle (about 30 min) 1 cycle (about 20 min) 0,5 cycle (about 10 min)
orientation 2
NOTE  Refer to IEC 60068-2-6 for sweep cycle.
6.4.4  Random vibration test in rough road transportation: A3
6.4.4.1 Place the specimen on the vibration table without fixation.
6.4.4.2 Carry out the test using the apparatus and method for vertical random vibration test specified
in ISO 13355 u
...