EN ISO 4180:2019

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 4180:2011
Embalaža - Celovita, napolnjena transportna embalaža - Splošna pravila za
pripravo programov preskušanja primernosti za uporabo (ISO 4180:2019)
Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages - General rules for the compilation of
performance test schedules (ISO 4180:2019)
Verpackung - Versandfertige Packstücke - Allgemeine Regeln für die Erstellung von
Prüfplänen (ISO 4180:2019)
Emballages - Emballages d'expédition complets et pleins - Règles générales pour
l'établissement de programmes d'essais de performance (ISO 4180:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 4180:2019
ICS:
55.180.40 Celovita, napolnjena Complete, filled transport
transportna embalaža packages
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 4180
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
November 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 55.180.40 Supersedes EN ISO 4180:2010
English Version
Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages - General
rules for the compilation of performance test schedules
(ISO 4180:2019)
Emballages - Emballages d'expédition complets et Verpackung - Versandfertige Packstücke - Allgemeine
pleins - Règles générales pour l'établissement de Regeln für die Erstellung von Prüfplänen (ISO
programmes d'essais de performance (ISO 4180:2019) 4180:2019)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 November 2019.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 4180:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 4180:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 122
"Packaging" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 261 “Packaging” the secretariat of
which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2020, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by May 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 4180:2010.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 4180:2019 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 4180:2019 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4180
Second edition
2019-11
Packaging — Complete, filled
transport packages — General rules
for the compilation of performance
test schedules
Emballages — Emballages d'expédition complets et pleins —
Règles générales pour l'établissement de programmes d'essais de
performance
Reference number
ISO 4180:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
ISO 4180:2019(E)
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 4180:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3  Terms and definitions . 1
4  Hazard . 2
5  Preparation of the test schedule . 3
6  Test method . 7
6.1 The laboratory atmosphere . 7
6.2 Specimens . 7
6.2.1 Content of specimens . 7
6.2.2 Number of specimens . 7
6.2.3 Degradation of specimen . 7
6.2.4 Identification of specimen . 7
6.3 Conditioning . 7
6.4 Vibration test . 8
6.4.1 General. 8
6.4.2 Vertical random vibration test in general transportation . 8
6.4.3 Sinusoidal vibration test in general transportation .10
6.4.4 Random vibration test in rough road transportation .11
6.4.5 Sinusoidal vibration test in rough road transportation .12
6.4.6 Stacked vibration test .13
6.5 Drop test .13
6.5.1 Testing classification (common for free-fall test and rotational edge drop test) .13
6.5.2 Free-fall test (applies to manual handling) .13
6.5.3 Rotational drop test (applies to mechanical handling) .14
6.5.4 Horizontal impact test.15
6.6 Compression test .16
6.6.1 Test apparatus and test method .16
6.6.2 Compression test using a compression tester .16
6.6.3 Stacking load tests using a static load .19
6.7 Temperature and humidity environmental test .21
6.8 Low-pressure test .22
7 Test report .22
Bibliography .24
ISO 4180:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 122, Packaging, Subcommittee SC 3,
Performance requirements and tests for means of packaging, packages and unit loads (as required by
ISO/TC 122).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4180:2009) which has been technically
revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— the test item in the test schedule can now be selected by agreement of the stakeholders depending
on the expected or existing transportation process and hazards;
— in 6.4, the test conditions have been reviewed and revised by the distance and condition of
transportation;
— in 6.5, a new Level-4 has been added for well controlled handling;
— in 6.6, the test conditions have been reviewed and revised; they can be changed or selected depending
on the storage conditions by the agreement of stakeholders.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4180:2019(E)
Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages —
General rules for the compilation of performance test
schedules
1 Scope
This document establishes general rules for the compilation of performance test schedules for complete,
filled transport packages intended for use within any distribution system except for the packages used
for dangerous goods.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2206, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages — Identification of parts when testing
ISO 2233, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads — Conditioning for testing
ISO 2244, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads — Horizontal impact tests
ISO 2873, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads — Low pressure test
ISO 8318, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads — Sinusoidal vibration tests
using a variable frequency
ISO 13355:2016, Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads — Vertical random
vibration test
ISO 21067-1, Packaging — Vocabulary — Part 1: General terms
IEC 60068-1:2013, Environmental testing — Part 1: General and guidance
3  Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 21067-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
performance test schedule
single laboratory test, or series of tests, intended to ascertain the performance, under working
conditions, of the subject under test
3.2
hazard
factor which brings a possibility of damage or deterioration of the value to the packaged freight or product
ISO 4180:2019(E)
3.3
power spectral density
acceleration power spectral density
PSD
degree of variation in energy for each frequency to the acceleration signal in a specific frequency range
as a function of frequency
3.4
sweep cycle
scanning through the specified frequency band once in each direction, e.g. 10 Hz to 150 Hz to 10 Hz
[SOURCE: IEC 60068-2-6:2008, 3.4, modified — The Note has been deleted.]
4  Hazard
Typical hazards in the logistics process, and the related international standards, are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 — Expected hazard during logistics process, and related international standards
Basic factor
Hazard Related international standards
in logistics
Vertical random vibration test ISO 13355
Sinusoidal vibration tests using a
— Vibration during transportation
ISO 8318
variable frequency
— Repetitive impact by bouncing
Vibration tests at fixed low
ISO 2247
frequency
Horizontal impact by sudden stop or start
Transport
Horizontal impact test ISO 2244
Horizontal impact by linking work of rail-
way freight car
Random vibration test ISO 13355
Stacking stress during transportation
Sinusoidal vibration tests using a
ISO 8318
variable frequency
Low pressure by high altitude Low pressure test ISO 2873
Drop impact by manual handling ISO 2248
Vertical impact test by dropping
Drop impact by mechanical handling EN 14149
Horizontal impact during handling by
Horizontal impact test ISO 2244
forklift or crane as such
Handling
Rough handling by rolling Rolling test ISO 2876
Topple Toppling test ISO 8768
Handling of unit load Stability testing of unit loads ISO 10531
Stacking tests using a static load ISO 2234
Compression load in stacking storage in
Storage
Compression and stacking tests
warehouse
ISO 12048
using a compression tester
High temperature test
ISO 2233
High temperature/High humidity
Temperature and humidity
test
Climate
IEC 60068-1
Low temperature test
Wet, dewing Water-spray test ISO 2875
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 4180:2019(E)
5  Preparation of the test schedule
5.1 The test item shall be selected from Table 2 depending on the expected or existing hazard and
considering logistics-related elements which affect the specimen.
The characteristics of the specimen, test equipment and past damage experience should be considered
when selecting the test item.
Table 3 shows an example of hazards and corresponding test items.
5.2 The test schedule shall be chosen by accumulation of selected hazards. Follow Clause 6 for the
selection of test level.
However, the test level can be modified by agreement of the stakeholders.
Table 4 shows an example of performance test schedule based on the hazards listed in Table 3.
5.3 The test sequence should be decided by agreement of the stakeholders taking into consideration the
logistics process. Where the logistics process is unknown, the following test sequence may be carried out:
a) compression test;
b) vibration test;
c) free-fall test.
The test sequence may comprise one, two or three of the tests given in a), b) and c), in any order.
5.4 Refer to ISO 10531 for the handling and stability test of the unit load.
ISO 4180:2019(E)
4 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Table 2 — Selection guide for test item and correspondent test method
Guide for selection of test
Basic factor Test
Test item
in logistics method
Type of hazard Examples of the related product or failure
Vertical random vibration test in general transportation Vertical vibration or stacking load in gen- 6.4.2
eral
Sinusoidal vibration test in general transportation 6.4.3
a
transportation
—  Electric, electronics or mechanical products
Random vibration test in rough road transportation 6.4.4
—  High precision surfaced products
Sinusoidal vibration test in rough road transportation Repetitive shock by poor road 6.4.5
Transport
—  Powder or granular products
Vibration tests at fixed low frequency ISO 2247
Stacked vibration test Stacking stress during transportation 6.4.6
—  Burst, deformation
Low pressure test Low pressure 6.8
—  Leak of the contents
Free-fall test Manual handling —  Electronic component or product which has 6.5.2
mechanical structure
Rotational drop test Machinery handling 6.5.3
—  Liquid or semi-liquid product
Horizontal impact during handling or
Horizontal impact test 6.5.4
Handling
transportation
—  Liquid, semi-liquid, powder or granular
products which are weak to sharp item
Toppling test Toppling during handling ISO 8768
—  Pressure sensitive product, powder or
Rolling test Rough handling by rolling ISO 2786
granular products
Storage Compression test Stacking compression in warehouse Container for warehouse storage and products 6.6
High temperature with low humidity Deformation or cracking by the high temperature 6.7
—  Sensitive to corrosion
Temperature and humidity environmental test High temperature/high humidity —  Hygroscopic product 6.7
Climate
—  Mold, spoil, degrade
Low temperature Degradation by contraction or embrittlement 6.7
b
Water spray test Rain Wet damage ISO 2875
a
Random vibration has priority.
b
Test condition may be specified by the agreement of the stakeholders.

ISO 4180:2019(E)
Table 3 — Example of hazard and correspondent test item
No. Activity Hazard Test item Test method
1 Unitization at factory Mechanical handling Rotational drop test 6.5.3
Rotational drop test 6.5.3
2 Container loading by forklift Mechanical handling
Horizontal impact test 6.5.4
3 Transport to port 150 km, paved road, by trailer Vertical random vibration test 6.4.2
Maximum stack height: 2,4 m Compression test 6.6
4 Storage at port
Temperature/humidity Temperature and humidity environmental test 6.7
Rotational drop test 6.5.3
5 Load to container ship Mechanical handling
Horizontal impact test 6.5.4
Vibration Vertical random vibration test 6.4.2
6 Transport by ship
Maximum stack height: 2,4 m Compression test 6.6
7 Unload from container ship Mechanical handling Rotational drop test 6.5.3
Vertical random vibration test 6.4.2
8 Transport container to warehouse 3 000 km, paved road, by trailer
Horizontal impact test 6.5.4
Rotational drop test 6.5.3
Mechanical handling
Storage operation by forklift
Horizontal impact test 6.5.4
Maximum stack height: 5 m Compression test 6.6
Storage at warehouse
Temperature/humidity Temperature and humidity environmental test 6.7
De-vanning at warehouse
10 Manual handling Free-fall test 6.5.2
Reload to local distribution truck
Random vibration 6.4.2
Partially rough road transport
11 Transport to final destination Random vibration test in rough road transportation 6.4.4
Partly air cargo Low pressure test 6.8
12 Unloading at final destination Manual handling Free-fall test 6.5.2

ISO 4180:2019(E)
6 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Table 4 — Example of performance test schedule based on Table 3
Example of test order
Test schedule
1 2 3 4
A: Sequential test using one Conditioning Compression test Vertical random vibration Free-fall test
specimen [6.3 Method B] [6.6.2.2, Table 22, Classification level 2] test [6.4.2 Table 6, Level 1] [6.5.2 Table 17]
Random vibration test in
Conditioning Vertical random vibration test Free-fall test
rough road transportation
[6.3 Method A] [6.4.2 Table 6, Level 1] [6.5.2 Table 17]
[6.4.4 Table 12, Level 2]
B: Parallel test using
Conditioning Compression test
multiple specimens
[6.3 Method B] [6.6.2.2, Table 22, Classification level 2]
Conditioning Temperature and humidity environmental test
(in case of four specimens)
[6.3 Method B] [6.7, table 26, High temperature test]
Conditioning Low pressure test
[6.3 Method B] [6.8, Table 27, Level 2]
NOTE  Table 4 shows an example of a performance test schedule based on Table 3.

ISO 4180:2019(E)
6  Test method
6.1 The laboratory atmosphere
The laboratory shall be in the standard atmospheric conditions specified in IEC 60068-1:2013, Table 2:
— temperature: 15 °C to 35 °C;
— relative humidity: 25 %RH to 75 %RH;
— air pressure: 86 kPa to 106 kPa.
NOTE IEC 60068-1 is referred in this situation due to the difference of environment between pre-
conditioning and laboratory atmosphere.
6.2 Specimens
6.2.1 Content of specimens
Each test specimen shall be filled with its intended content. However, simulated or substituted content
can be used
...