ISO/TC 23/SC 7 - Equipment for harvesting and conservation

This document, intended to be used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of the following types of root crop harvesting machines trailed, mounted or self-propelled: — sieving harvesters, — root lifting harvesters, — top lifting harvesters, which carry out more than one of the following operations: haulm/leaf topping, digging/taking-in/lifting, cleaning, conveying and unloading of root crops. This document is also applicable for haulm/leaf toppers used individually. This document is not applicable to cleaner-loaders which operate from a heap of beet. For these type of machines, additional hazards are, at present, not dealt with in this document. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. The list of significant hazards covered in this document is given in Annex A. It also indicates the hazards which have not been dealt with. Environmental aspects have not been considered in this document. Noise has been considered partly in this document. This document applies primarily to machines which are manufactured after the date of its publication.

This document specifies terms and definitions related to combine harvesters and their component parts. It identifies dimensions and other characteristics aimed at allowing comparison of operations of the component parts, in association with ISO 8210, which lays down methods of measuring characteristics and performance requirements for the terms defined.

This document specifies a test procedure for the measurement and testing of combine harvesters. It applies to either self-propelled or trailed type, either directly cutting the crop or picking it up from a windrow, for use in several crops. This document specifies the terminology and methods to be used for measuring important characteristics of combine harvesters. It includes both functional and capacity tests, in other words, those conducted over an extended period when ease of operation, ease of adjustment, rate of work and general operating characteristics can be assessed, and those carried out on specific occasions for the determination of grain loss and capacity characteristics. It applies to all types of combine harvesters.

This document specifies test methods for evaluations of forage harvester function and performance, covering forage harvesters which cut the crop directly at full width or from spaced-apart plant rows, or which pick up pre-cut crop. It applies to forage harvesters with driven knives for chopping and which deliver the chopped crop into a container or a separate vehicle or trailer. The forage harvesters can be tractor-mounted, trailed or self-propelled.

This document specifies the methods and requirements in assessing the dimensions and performance of a forage harvester, as defined in ISO 8909-1, and its functional components. It also allows comparison of forage harvester performance through comparative testing.

This document specifies terms and definitions related to forage harvesters and their component parts. This document identifies dimensions and other characteristics aimed at allowing comparison of operations of the machines and to improve communication among engineers and researchers, in association with ISO 8909-2, which lays down methods of measuring characteristics and performance requirements for the term defined.

This document specifies a preferred method for determining and designating the capacity and unloading rate of combine harvester grain tanks and unloading systems.

ISO 4254-7:2017, when used together with ISO 4254‑1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of combine harvesters, forage harvesters, cotton harvesters and sugar cane harvesters. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. When provisions of ISO 4254-7:2017 are different from those which are stated in ISO 4254‑1, the provisions of ISO 4254-7:2017 take precedence over the provisions of ISO 4254‑1 for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of ISO 4254-7:2017. ISO 4254-7:2017, taken together with ISO 4254‑1, deals with all the significant hazards (as listed in Table A.1), hazardous situations and events relevant to combine harvesters, forage harvesters, cotton harvesters and sugar cane harvesters, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse that are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A). It is not applicable to hazards arising from the presence of persons other than the operator, cleaning of the grain tank, and hazards related to vibrations and moving parts for power transmission, except for strength requirements for guards and barriers. In respect of braking and steering, it is applicable only to the ergonomic aspects (e.g. location of brake pedal and steering wheel); no other aspects related to braking and steering are covered. In the case of trailed harvesters, it is applicable only to hazards related to the working process. Design requirements for roll-over protective structures (if applicable) are not specified in ISO 4254-7:2017. Performance levels (or categories) for safety-related parts of control systems in accordance with ISO 25119 or ISO 13849 are not given in ISO 4254-7:2017. NOTE Specific requirements related to road traffic regulations are not taken into account in ISO 4254-7:2017. ISO 4254-7:2017 is not applicable to machines manufactured before the date of its publication.

ISO 4254-14:2016 intended to be used together with ISO 4254‑1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of mounted, semi-mounted, trailed, and stationary bale wrapper for bales of agricultural harvesting products including wrappers which are combined or integrated with pick-up balers. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. NOTE 1 Requirements for self-propelled bale wrappers may be added during the next revision of this part of ISO 4254. NOTE 2 Examples of these machines are given in Annex A. NOTE 3 Requirements for pick-up balers are specified in ISO 4254‑11. When requirements of this part of ISO 4254 are different from those which are stated in ISO 4254‑1, the requirements of this part of ISO 4254 take precedence over the requirements of ISO 4254‑1 for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this part of ISO 4254. This part of ISO 4254, taken together with ISO 4254‑1, deals with all the significant hazards (as listed in Table 1), hazardous situations, and events relevant to mounted, semi-mounted, and trailed bale wrappers including wrappers which are combined with pick-up balers when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse that are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). ISO 4254-14:2016 is not applicable to the following: - non-mobile fixed bale wrappers; - tube/inline wrappers; - wrapping process that concerns only the circumferential part of the bale and that occurs in the bale chamber; - the integrity of safety related parts of control systems with regard to the specification of performance levels; - environmental hazards (except noise), road safety, and hazards related to moving parts for power transmission; - hazards related to maintenance or repairs carried out by professional service personnel. NOTE 4 Specific requirements related to road traffic regulations are not taken into account in this part of ISO 4254. ISO 4254-14:2016 is not applicable to machines manufactured before the date of its publication.

ISO 5718:2013 specifies requirements for blades used on rotary disk mowers and rotary drum mowers, mounted, semi-mounted, trailed, or self-propelled, as used for forage crop harvesting in agriculture only. It specifies requirements for testing and marking of such blades. A bend test and impact test for checking the brittleness and toughness of the material is also included. It does not specify dimensional requirements.

ISO 4254-13:2012, when used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of towed, semi-mounted, or mounted large rotary mowers with single or multiple cutting elements which have a cutting diameter of 1 000 mm or greater for any single cutting element assembly, mounted on a propelling tractor or machine, intended for agricultural mowing equipment and designed for shredding crop residue, grass and small brush by impact. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use and reasonable foreseeable misuse of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. When requirements of this part of ISO 4254 are different from those which are stated in ISO 4254-1, the requirements of ISO 4254-13:2012 take precedence over the provisions of ISO 4254-1 for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this part of ISO 4254. ISO 4254-13:2012, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to large rotary mowers used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer. ISO 4254-13:2012 is not applicable to environmental hazards, road safety, electromagnetic compatibility, vibration and hazards related to moving parts for power transmission. It is also not applicable to hazards related to maintenance or repairs to be carried out by professional service personnel. ISO 4254-13:2012 is not applicable to large rotary mowers which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by ISO.

ISO 17101-1:2012 gives specifications and acceptance criteria for thrown-object testing of rotary mowers used in agriculture. Examples of machines are shown. It is not applicable to the following: flail mowers; mowers with an articulated arm; mowers with one or more vertical axis designed for mulching; pedestrian-controlled motor mowers; lawn mowers or machines designed as lawn mowers; inter-row mowing units; machines designed for highway and road maintenance only.

ISO 4254-12:2012, where used with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of rotary disc mowers, rotary drum mowers, as used for forage crop harvesting in agriculture only, and flail mowers with a horizontal axis for use in agriculture only, that are mounted, semi-mounted, trailed or self-propelled. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. Flail mowers with a horizontal axis that can be opened at the rear only for maintenance reasons are included. ISO 4254-12:2012 is also applicable to mowers equipped with a conditioning device and only to mowers intended to work at ground level. ISO 4254-12:2012, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events (with the exception of noise and vibrations) relevant to rotary disc mowers, rotary drum mowers and flail mowers, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse that are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It is not applicable to flail mowers that have the rear part which can be opened for particular field use operations, mowers with an articulated arm, mowers with one or more vertical axes designed for mulching, pedestrian-controlled motor mowers, lawn mowers, inter-row mowing units and machines specifically designed for highway and road maintenance.

ISO 17101-2:2012 gives specifications and acceptance criteria for the thrown-object testing of flail mowers used in agriculture. Examples of machines are shown. It is not applicable to the following: large rotary mowers; rotary mowers; mowers with an articulated arm; mowers with one or more vertical axis designed for mulching; pedestrian controlled motor mowers; lawn mowers or machines designed as lawn mowers; inter-row mowing units; machines designed for highway and road maintenance only; flail mowers that have the rear part which can be opened for particular field use operations (e.g. row-crop mowers).

ISO 4254-11:2010, intended to be used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of self-propelled and trailed pick-up balers, including the combination of pick-up balers with wrappers, independent of the shape or size of the bales formed. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. ISO 4254-11:2010, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to self-propelled and trailed pick-up balers, including the combination of pick-up balers with wrappers, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse that are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. ISO 4254-11:2010 is not applicable to pedestrian-controlled round balers, environmental hazards, road safety, vibration and hazards related to moving parts for power transmission. It is not applicable to hazards related to maintenance or repairs carried out by professional service personnel.

ISO 4254-10:2009, to be used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of rotary tedders, rotary rakes and rotary tedder–rakes, including rotary drum rakes, used by one person (the operator) only, having one or several powered rotors, mounted, semi-mounted, trailed or self-propelled. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices, including residual risks, to be provided by the manufacturer. ISO 4254-10:2009 is not applicable to: machines with ground­‑driven tines or ground‑wheel–driven tines (e.g. sunflower rakes); parallel bar rakes; chain or endless belt type rakes; pedestrian‑controlled tedders and rakes; machines equipped with a pick-up device. ISO 4254-10:2009, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to rotary tedders, rotary rakes and rotary tedder­–rakes when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer, excepting the hazards arising from: the environment, other than noise; electromagnetic compatibility; vibration; overturning in regard to the protection of the operator at the driving station of a self-propelled machine; moving parts for power transmission except strength requirements for guards and barriers; safety and reliability of control systems.

ISO 17103:2009 specifies requirements and acceptance criteria for testing the protective skirts of rotary disc mowers, rotary drum mowers and flail mowers used in agriculture.

This part of ISO 11520 specifies additional procedures and gives guidance for testing and evaluating the drying performance of continuous-flow and batch grain driers for specific grain crops including wheat, barley, oats, maize, rice, sorghum and rape. It supplements the general procedures given in ISO 11520-1 based on drying only wheat over the limited range of moisture content of 20 % to 15 % wet basis. Methods and data are given for a) determining the evaporation rate of driers when drying grain crops under steady state conditions, and b) correcting the main drier performance characteristics, including evaporation rate, grain flow rate, drying time and specific energy and fuel consumption, to reference and other ambient conditions. Procedures are specified for sampling input and output grain to assess changes in grain quality.

Specifies the requirements for dimensional compatibility of harvesting machines and transport vehicles necessary to ensure satisfactory operation. Dimensions specified pertain to forage harvesters, forage trailers, dump boxes and forage conveyors when used in normal sequence. Six figures contain illustrations which are for dimensional reference only and do not indicate design details.

ISO 4254-7:2008, intended to be used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of combine harvesters, forage harvesters and cotton harvesters. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. Taken together with ISO 4254-1, ISO 4254-7:2008 deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to combine harvesters, forage harvesters and cotton harvesters, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer. It is not applicable to hazards arising from the presence of persons other than the operator, cleaning of the grain tank, and hazards related to vibrations and moving parts for power transmission, except for strength requirements for guards and barriers. In respect of braking and steering, it is applicable only to the ergonomic aspects (e.g. location of brake pedal and steering wheel); no other aspects related to braking and steering are covered. In the case of trailed harvesters, it is applicable only to hazards related to the working process.

ISO 17101:2004 gives specifications and acceptance criteria for the thrown-object testing of rotary and flail mowers used in agriculture. It is not applicable to mowers with an articulated arm, mowers with one or more vertical axis designed for mulching, pedestrian controlled motor mowers, lawn mowers or machines designed as lawn mowers, inter-row mowing units, or machines designed for highway and road maintenance only. If a machine is also designed for use outside agriculture, other thrown object tests may apply.

ISO 17103:2003 gives specifications and acceptance criteria for testing the protective skirts of rotary and flail mowers used in agriculture.

ISO 5718 specifies the material characteristics of, and marking requirements for, blades on agricultural rotary mowers used for harvesting. In addition, because the blades on agricultural rotary mowers are exposed to considerable centrifugal forces and impact with foreign objects, it includes a simple bend test for checking the brittleness of the material. It does not specify dimensions.

This part of IS0 6689 specifies terms and definitions
relating to combines and their component parts. In
association with IS0 6689-2, which lays down
methods of measuring characteristics and
performance requirements for the terms defined, this
part of IS0 6689 identifies dimensions and other
characteristics aimed at allowing comparison of
operations of the component parts.

This part of IS0 6689 specifies the methods and requirements in assessing the dimensions and performance of a
combine and its functional components as defined in IS0 6689-l. It also allows comparison of combine
performance through comparative testing.

Specifies technical means for ensuring the safety of operators and others involved in the course of normal running, maintenance and the use of combine harvesters and self-propelled forage and cotton harvesters additional to the requirements of ISO 4254-1. Also provides guidelines regarding the prevention of accidents arising from their use.

Specifies test methods for evaluations of forage harvester function and performance, covering forage harvesters which cut the crop directly at full width or from spaced-apart plant rows, or which pickup precut crop. Applies to forage harvesters with driven knives for chopping and which deliver the chopped crop into a container or a separate vehicle or trailer. The harvesters may be tractor-mounted, trailed or self-propelled.

Specifies, in English and French, 70 terms and definitions relating to forage harvesters and their component parts: general terms, characteristics of functional components, machine and functional component characteristics, crop terminology, performance terms. In association with ISO 8909-2, which lays down methods of measuring characteristics and performance requirements for the term defined, this part identifies dimensions and other characteristics aimed at allowing comparison of operations of the machines and to improve communication among engineers and researchers.

Specifies the methods and requirements in assessing the dimensions and performance of a forage harvester, as defined in ISO 8909-1, and its functional components. Also allows comparison of forage harvester performance through comparative testing.

Specifies a test procedure which applies to all types of combine harvesters. Indicates terminology and methods to be used for measuring important charakteristics of combines. It includes both functional and capacity tests. Annex A refers to tests on sloping ground.

Specifies main dimensions and material characteristics of such blades. These blades are sxposed to considerable centrifugal forces and impacts with foreign objects. A simple bend test to check the brittleness of the material is therefore included.