ISO/TC 118/SC 3/WG 3 - Vibrations in hand-held tools

This document specifies a laboratory method for measuring the vibration at the handle of fastener driving tools. It is a type test procedure for establishing the vibration value on the handle of a hand-held power tool operating under a specified load. This document is applicable to fastener driving tools driven pneumatically or by other means, using nails, staples or pins. This document is applicable to tools with single sequential actuation, contact actuation, contact actuation with automatic reversion or continual contact actuation (see Figures 1 to 3). This document is not applicable to tools operating in full sequential mode due to their much longer intervals in between individual actuations. However, to provide an indication for comparison of different tools of this type (see Figures 4 and 5), Annex C provides informative guidance. NOTE Today current knowledge does not allow any conclusions regarding physiological and pathological effects between isolated shocks and continuous shock sequences, and their repetition rates.

This document specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held power-driven angle and vertical grinders. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine fitted with a specified test wheel and run under no‑load conditions. The method has been established for surface grinding tasks only. Cutting and sanding generally create lower vibrations. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. This document is applicable to hand-held machines (see Clause 5), driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for grinding, cutting-off and rough sanding, with bonded, coated and super-abrasive products and with wire brushes for use on all kinds of materials. It is not applicable to die grinders or straight grinders. NOTE To avoid confusion with the terms "power tool" and "inserted tool", machine is used for the former throughout this document.

This document specifies the design, construction, guidance on use and maintenance of a dynamic loading device for the following categories of hand-held power tools: — percussive; — rotary-percussive. The device can be used when measurements are being made for vibration and noise including when required for specification in test standards.

ISO 28927-12:2012 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held power driven portable die grinders. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of the machines where operating under type test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-12:2012 is applicable to hand-held machines, driven pneumatically or by other means, equipped with a collet and intended for deburring operations using hard metal burrs or mounted points, on different materials ranging from hard steel to plastics. It is also applicable to low-speed die grinders using flap wheels or cylindrical sleeves.

ISO 28927-10:2011 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held power driven percussive machines with and without rotary action [portable rock drills, plug hole drills, rotary hammers, breakers (e.g. pavement breakers, concrete breakers or road breakers), riveting hammers, chipping hammers, pick hammers or similar]. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine fitted with an inserted tool bit. ISO 28927-10:2011 is applicable to hand-held machines, driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for making holes in hard materials, such as rock and concrete. It is also applicable to breakers intended to work downwards to break hard materials (concrete, rock, pavement, asphalt, etc.) and for hammers intended to work in any direction to perform riveting or chiselling work. It is not applicable to impact drills with direct mechanical impact mechanisms. ISO 28927-10:2011 is not applicable to jack leg type rock drills and push feed rock drills, which are hand guided (the feed force is not applied by hand, but by an additional device).

ISO 28927-11:2011 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held stone hammers. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a stone hammer when operated in laboratory conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-11:2011 is applicable to engraving pens and stone hammers intended for use by stone masons, driven pneumatically or by other means. It is not applicable to demolition hammers or to chipping hammers primarily intended for use on metal or in construction.

ISO 28927-4:2010 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of straight grinders. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine fitted with a specified test wheel and run under no-load conditions. ISO 28927-4:2010 is applicable to hand-held machines, driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for grinding and surface finishing using straight grinding wheels type 1, tapered wheels type 4 and cylindrical plugs, e.g. of type 16 (cylindrical plug, tapered cone), 18 (cylindrical plug, flat end), 18R (cylindrical plug, rounded end) and 19 (cylindrical plug, taper-roll shaped), for use on all kinds of materials. It is not applicable to grinders used with wire brushes, nor is it applicable to die grinders where the inserted tool is mounted in a collet.

ISO 28927-8:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held, power-driven saws, polishing and filing machines with reciprocating action and small saws with oscillating or rotating action. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine run under specified test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-8:2009 is applicable to reciprocating files intended for surface finishing equipped with a file or polishing tool, saws intended for parting sheets, plaster for medical use or wood, or equipped with a saw blade for use on all kinds of materials, and small circular saws primarily intended for cutting metal or composite materials, whether driven pneumatically or by other means. It is not applicable to files that are normally used with one hand on the file blade, nor to large circular saws intended for cutting wood.

ISO 28927-3:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held, power-driven, portable polishers and rotary, orbital and random orbital sanders used for surface-finishing processes, not for material removal. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine when operating under type-test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-3:2009 is applicable to hand-held machines driven pneumatically or by other means. It is not applicable to straight grinders equipped with a sanding wheel or to belt sanders.

ISO 28927-6:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held, power-driven rammers. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine run under specified test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-6:2009 is applicable to rammers, back-fill rammers, pawing rammers, sand rammers and stampers, driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for use in foundries, on building sites, etc., and with, for example, butts or peens made of cast iron or rubber, used for ramming of casting sand or in stamping work.

ISO 28927-7:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held, power-driven nibblers and shears. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine run under specified test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-7:2009 is applicable to nibblers and shears, driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for cutting sheet metal or composite materials.

ISO 28927-9:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held, power-driven scaling hammers and needle scalers. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine run under specified test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-9:2009 is applicable to engraving pens, scabblers, scaling hammers and needle scalers, driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for paint, rust or scale removal with reciprocating work tools or needles and for all kinds of materials.

ISO 28927-2:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held power-driven wrenches, nutrunners and screwdrivers used for tightening and loosening threaded fasteners. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine when operating at a specified load. The method has been tested for fastening tasks only. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-2:2009 is applicable to hand-held machines, driven pneumatically or by other means, with impact or impulse action, of shut-off, ratchet or stall type, and of all designs — straight, pistol‑grip, angle or bow handle. It covers machines with 6,3 mm to 40 mm (1/4 in to 1½ in) male or female drive output shafts, as well as other geometries. It is not applicable to nutrunners designed to be used only in torque reaction arms.

ISO 28927-5:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held, power-driven drills and impact drills. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a drill fitted with a drill bit. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-5:2009 is applicable to straight drills, drills with a pistol‑grip and angle drills intended for drilling holes with rotating or impact action in all kinds of materials (see Clause 5), driven pneumatically or by other means. It is not applicable to heavy-duty drills with a screw feed or drills driven by a combustion engine.

ISO 20643:2005 provides the basis for the drafting of vibration test codes for hand-held and hand-guided power-driven machinery. It specifies the determination of hand-transmitted vibration emission in terms of frequency-weighted root-mean-square (r.m.s.) acceleration during type testing. For machines where vibration test codes do not exist, it can also be used for determination of emission values and contains sufficient guidance for designing an appropriate test. It is applicable to hand-held power tools (e.g. chipping hammers, sanders), hand-guided powered machines (e.g. lawn mowers, single-axle tractors, vibratory rollers), and other types of powered machines fitted with handles, guiding beams or similar means of control, of all power sources (electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, internal combustion engine, etc.). It is not applicable to fixed machinery in which the vibration is transmitted to the hands of the user through the workpiece, nor to vibration transmitted from steering wheels or control levers of mobile machinery where the operator's position is on the machine.

ISO 28927-1:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held power-driven angle and vertical grinders. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine fitted with a specified test wheel and run under no‑load conditions. The method has been established for surface grinding tasks only (cutting and sanding generally create lower vibrations). It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. ISO 28927-1:2009 is applicable to hand-held machines, driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for grinding, cutting-off and rough sanding, with bonded, coated and super-abrasive products for use on all kinds of materials. It is not applicable to grinders used with wire brushes or to die or straight grinders.

This part of ISO 8662 specifies a laboratory method for measuring the single-event vibration at the handle of fastener driving tools, where a single event is a mechanical shock or a series of individual shocks at intervals longer than 0,2 s. It is a type test procedure for establishing the vibration value in the handle of a hand-held power tool operating under a specified load. NOTE Fastener driving tools are also referred to as nailers, pinners, tackers and staplers. For fastener driving tools to which this part of ISO 8662 is applicable, the power required for operation can be supplied by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure, combustible gases in an internal combustion engine or from spring tension. The fastener driving tools may be actuated by single actuation, contact actuation or continuous actuation. This part of ISO 8662 is applicable to fasteners comprising nails, staples, pins, corrugated fasteners, screws used as nails, dowels, sleeves, cable collars and base supports. It is intended that the results of application of this part of ISO 8662 be used for comparing different models of the same type of power tool.

Describes a laboratory method of measuring the vibrations at the handles of hand-held stone-working power tools and needle scalers. Establishes the magnitude of vibrations at the handles when operating on the artificial load.

Describes a laboratory method of measuring the vibrations at the handles of hand-held power rammers used in foundries, on building sites etc.. Establishes the magnitude of vibrations at the handles when operating on the specified load.

Supplements ISO 8662-1 and describes a type test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the handle of chipping hammers and riveting hammers. The power tools covered may be electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically driven, or driven by means of an internal combustion engine. Annex A gives a definition of the basicentric coordinate system, Annex B a model test report.

Specifies the type test methods for the laboratory measurement of vibrations in the handles of tools. nThis part describes thebasic requirements for evaluating vibrations; it is not intended for assessment of human to vibrations.