CEN/TC 351 - Construction Products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances

This document summarizes methods for sampling, sample preparation and identification of asbestos in construction products. This document specifies appropriate sample preparation procedures for the quantitative analysis of the asbestos mass fraction in natural, manufactured or recycled large mineral aggregates and construction products of fine mineral particle size materials. This document describes the identification of asbestos by polarized light microscopy (PLM) and dispersion staining, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis or transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with energy dispersive X-ray and electron diffraction analysis.
NOTE   This document is intended for microscopists familiar with polarized light, transmission electron- and scanning electron microscopy methods and the other analytical techniques specified (see ISO 10312, ISO 13794, ISO 14966, [McCrone et al., 1984], [Su et al., 1995]). It is not the intention of this document to provide instructions on basic analytical techniques.

This document describes the pros and cons for the different methods for reporting the potential release of dangerous substances into soil, groundwater or surface water and indoor air, which are:
—   level (or declared values); and
—   classes;
as defined in the Construction Products Regulation (CPR).
In addition, the pros and cons of additional methods based on discussion in CEN/TCs and WGs are described, which are:
—   categories; and
—   manufacturer’s declaration.

This document defines terms used in the field of the assessment of the release, and the content, of dangerous substances from/in construction products.
The terms are classified under the following main headings:
-   terms related to products and substances (general; soil, groundwater and surface water; indoor air);
-   terms related to sampling and sample preparation;
-   terms related to test procedures and test results (general; soil, groundwater and surface water; indoor air, radiation).
An alphabetical index is provided.

This document specifies analytical methods for the determination of the content of specific organic substances in construction products.
The following parameters are covered: BTEX, biocides, dioxins, furans and dioxin-like PCBs, mineral oil, nonylphenols, PAH, PCB, PCP, PBDE, and short-chain chlorinated paraffins.
NOTE 1   Methods still under development or available at national level only are listed in Annex B (informative) for PFOS, PFOA, HBCD and EOX. The methods can be included in the normative text as soon as full EN standards are available.
NOTE 2   Methods that have not been validated for construction products, because no suitable material was available at the time of the robustness validation, only are listed in Annex B (informative). This applies to organotin compounds, phenols and phthalates.
The methods listed in this document come from different fields and are expected to be suitable for organic substances in organic extracts from all types of constructions products.
The methods in this document are validated for the product types listed in Annex A (informative).
NOTE 3   Construction products include, e.g. mineral-based products (S), bituminous products (B), wood-based products (W), plastic and rubbers (P), sealants and adhesives (A), paints and coatings (C) and metals (M) (see also CEN/TR 16045). This document includes analytical methods for all matrices except metals.

This document specifies methods for the determination of specific organic substances in aqueous eluates from leaching of construction products.
The following parameters are covered: pH, electrical conductivity, biocides, bisphenol A, BTEX, dioxins and furans, DOC, epichlorohydrin, mineral oil, nonylphenols, PAH, PBDE, PCB, dioxin-like PCB, PCP, phenols and phthalates.
NOTE 1   Methods still under development or available at national level only are listed in Annex B (informative) for certain amines, AOX, and biocidal and plant protection products.
NOTE 2   Methods that have not been validated for aqueous eluates from leaching of construction products, because no suitable material was available at the time of the robustness validation, only are listed in Annex B (informative). This applies to organotin compounds.
The methods in this document come from different fields, mainly the analysis of water, and are applicable for the eluates from construction products. They are validated for eluates of the product types listed in Annex A (informative).
NOTE 3   Construction products include, e.g. mineral-based products (S), bituminous products (B), wood-based products (W), plastic and rubbers (P), sealants and adhesives (A), paints and coatings (C) and metals (M) (see also CEN/TR 16045). This document includes analytical methods for all matrices except metals.
The selection of the method to be applied is based on the product matrix and the required sensitivity.

This document describes a test procedure for sampling, elution, detection, and quantification of N-nitrosamines in air samples derived from a test chamber according to EN 16516:2017+A1:2020. The following N-nitrosamines are covered:
-Nitrosodimethylamine, CAS No. 62-75-9,
- N-Nitrosomethylethylamine, CAS No. 10595-95-6,
- N-Nitrosodiethylamine, CAS No. 55-18-5,
- N-Nitrosodipropylamine, CAS No. 621-64-7,
- N-Nitrosodiisopropylamine, CAS No. 601-77-4,
- N-Nitrosodibutylamine, CAS No. 924-16-3,
- N-Nitrosopiperidine, CAS No. 100-75-4,
- N-Nitrosopyrrolidine, CAS No. 930-55-2 and
- N-Nitrosomorpholine, CAS No. 59-89-2.

To provide a concise overview of the following aspects of the application of reference rooms for the evaluation of emissions from products in indoor environments;
European dimension of the scope (regulations and schemes)
Evaluation of VOC emissions from building products: principles
Background history
Implementation in national regulations
Implementation in voluntary schemes
Broader application of the reference room (in addition to construction products)
Other possible dimensions of a reference room
Conclusion and references

This document specifies the method for the determination of major, minor and trace elements in eluates and in aqua regia and nitric acid digests of construction products by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). It refers to the following 44 elements:
Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
For the determination of low levels of As, Hg, Se and Sb, chemical vapour generation systems can be applied. This method is described in Annex E (normative).
NOTE   Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045.
The method in this document is applicable to construction products and validated for the product types listed in Annex C (informative).

This document specifies methods for obtaining the aqua regia digestible content of construction products. Solutions produced by this method are for analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled spectrometry (ICP-OES) for the following 67 elements:
Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), caesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
Solutions produced by the methods are suitable for analysis by cold vapour atomic absorption or fluorescent spectrometry (CV-AAS, CV-AFS), for mercury (Hg).
The method in this document is applicable to construction products.
Digestion with aqua regia will not necessarily accomplish total decomposition of the sample. The extracted analyte concentrations might not necessarily reflect the total content in the sample.
NOTE   Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045.

This document specifies analytical methods for the determination of major, minor and trace elements in aqua regia digests of construction products. It refers to the following 67 elements:
Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), cesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
The methods in this document are applicable to construction products.
NOTE   Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045.
The selection of analytical methods to be applied is based on the required sensitivity of the method, which is provided for all combinations of substance and analytical procedure.

This document specifies the method for the determination of major, minor and trace elements in eluates and in aqua regia and nitric acid digests of construction products by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). It refers to the following 67 elements:
aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), caesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
NOTE 1   Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045.
The working range depends on the matrix and the interferences encountered.
NOTE 2   The limit of detection of most elements will be affected by their natural abundance, ionization behaviour, on abundance of isotope(s) free from isobaric interferences and by contamination (e.g. handling and airborne). Handling contaminations are in many cases more important than airborne ones.
The limit of detection (MDL) will be higher in cases where the determination is likely to be interfered (see Clause 6) or in case of memory effects (see e.g. EN ISO 17294-1).
The method in this document is applicable to construction products and validated for the product types listed in Annex A (informative).

This document specifies analytical methods for the determination of major, minor and trace elements and of anions in aqueous eluates from construction products. It refers to the following 67 elements:
Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), caesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr)
and to the following four anions: Cl-, Br-, F-, SO42-.
This document also describes how to measure general parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, DOC/TOC.
The methods in this document are applicable to construction products.
NOTE   Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045.
The selection of analytical methods to be applied is based on the required sensitivity of the method, which is provided for all combinations of substance and analytical procedure.

1) This document specifies a test procedure that combines horizontal leaching tests with ecotoxicity tests for the assessment of eluates of the construction products specified in this scope subjected to wet conditions in outdoor use.
2) The method specified in this document is intended for the determination of the potential ecotoxicity of eluates extracted out of construction products containing constitutional organic components of main categories of product matrices P (plastics and rubbers), A (sealants and adhesives) or C (paints and coatings) according to CEN/TR 16045.
3) Construction products mainly made of inorganic materials: main categories of product matrices S (silica-based and calcareous products) and M (metals) according to CEN/TR 16045 are excluded, unless:
- the liquid or paste product hardens in direct contact with soil or groundwater; and
- the used binder contains > 50 % organics by mass.
NOTE 1 This exception mainly refers to products used for soil injection and stabilization, e.g. grouts.
Also, the method is not intended for construction products made of treated or untreated solid wood in main category of product matrix W (wood-based products) according to CEN/TR 16045. For engineered bio-based products the test procedure can be of interest.
4) This document is not applicable for the assessment of terrestrial ecotoxicity of construction products.
NOTE 2 Terrestrial ecotoxicity tests for construction products are described in CEN/TR 17105.

This document describes a calculation method to determine the indoor gamma dose from construction products. The method includes calculation of the indoor gamma dose from the individual construction product under its intended use, as well as the dose from the building taking consideration of multiple building materials where this is deemed necessary and any shielding from the terrestrial background.
The calculation method builds on existing modelling principles for photon emission and absorption. Parameters of the modelling that are not product specific, such as room geometry, exposure coefficients, and conversion factors are predefined and form the underlying basis for the method in this EN. The choice for pre-defined model parameters is essential from a harmonization perspective, despite the fact that such parameters can vary considerably for every homeowner, building type, region or country. Typical examples are the exposure time, the location of exposure in the building, the terrestrial background radiation and the amounts and way the building materials are used in the building. The parameters are selected on the basis of international consensus, as laid down in ICRP, UNSCEAR, EU RP guidelines and other renowned publications. Product specific parameters such as density and thickness are specified in accordance with the product’s intended use. In addition, the products’ massic activities of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K are specified and obtained according to prEN 17216 (under development, [3]). The method provides a tiered approach with a basic approach intended for assessing individual construction products, followed by a more refined approach to assess a complete building design. The former approach assumes an identical structure of building materials on all six surfaces of the model room, and where needed complemented with other building materials that form an intrinsic part of the product’s intended use. The latter approach enables evaluation of a known building design. Here the user can specify the applied construction product to walls, floor or ceiling separately in accordance with the product’s intended use.
The indoor gamma dose from the individual construction product as well as the building is expressed in terms of an annual effective dose from gamma radiation in the indoor environment. The formulation of the indoor gamma dose in the building is consistent with the dose for indoor external exposure as stated under Article 75 of the Basic Safety Standards Directive. As a result, the described method enables assessment of the calculated annual dose of the building against the reference level as defined in the Basic Safety Standards Directive .
The method is designed for assessment of mineral based building materials applied in bulk or superficially and used as a construction product in buildings. This includes any building materials that have been identified by EU member states as being of concern from a radiation protection point of view. The method is envisaged for use by producers of building materials, architects and building constructors as well as authorities.
NOTE   It is important to state that following the calculation of dose, any subsequent regulatory classification falls explicitly outside the scope of this method and is the responsibility of the relevant authorities.

(1) This document specifies an up-flow percolation test (PT) which is applicable to determine the leaching behaviour of inorganic and non-volatile organic substances from granular construction products. The test is not suitable for substances that are volatile under ambient conditions. The construction products are subjected to percolation with water as a function of liquid to solid ratio under specified percolation conditions. The method is a once-through column leaching test.
(2) This up-flow percolation test is performed under specified test conditions for construction products and does not necessarily produce results that mimic specific intended use conditions. This test method produces eluates, which can subsequently be characterized by physical, chemical and ecotoxicological methods according to existing standard methods. The results of eluate analysis are presented as a function of the liquid/solid ratio. The test results enable the distinction between different leaching behaviour.
NOTE 1   Volatile organic substances include the low molecular weight substances in mixtures such as mineral oil.
NOTE 2   It is not always possible to adjust test conditions simultaneously for inorganic and organic substances. Test conditions can also vary between different groups of organic substances. Test conditions for organic substances are generally more stringent than those for inorganic substances. The test conditions are generally described in a way that they fit testing organic substances and are also applicable to inorganic substances depending on the set-up.
NOTE 3   For ecotoxicity testing, eluates representing the release of both inorganic and organic substances are needed. In this document, ecotoxicological testing is meant to include also genotoxicological testing.
NOTE 4   Construction products with a low hydraulic conductivity that can cause detrimental pressure build-up are not supposed to be subjected to this test.
NOTE 5   This procedure is generally not applicable to products that are easily biologically degradable and products reacting with the leachant, leading, for example, to excessive gas emission or excessive heat release, impermeable hydraulically bound products or products that swell in contact with water.
(3) In this document the same test conditions as for prEN 17516 (CEN/TC 444/WG 1) are applied in order to allow full comparability of testing construction products and waste derived construction products to avoid double testing. The prEN 17516 test results are eligible in the context of testing construction products as well.
NOTE 6   If a leaching test according to prEN 17516 has been performed, additional prEN 16637 3 testing does not need to be carried out.

This document specifies a dynamic surface leaching test (DSLT) which is aimed at determining the release per unit surface area as a function of time of inorganic and/or non-volatile organic substances from a monolithic, plate- or sheet-like product, when it is put into contact with an aqueous solution (leachant). The test method is not suitable for substances that are volatile under ambient conditions.
This test is a parameter specific test focusing on identifying and specifying parameter specific properties tested under specified conditions. It is not aimed at simulating real situations. The application of results to specific intended conditions of use can be established by means of modelling (not included in this document).
The test method applies to more or less regularly shaped test portions consisting of monolithic test pieces with minimum dimensions of 40 mm in all directions [volume > 64 000 mm3 (64 cm3)]. It also applies to plate- or sheet-like products with surface areas of minimum 10 000 mm2 (100 cm2) exposed to the leachant. Products designed to drain water (e.g. draining tiles, porous asphalt) and monolithic granular products according to EN 16637 1:2023, Table 1, are also tested by this test method. All products to be tested are assumed to maintain their integrity over a time frame relevant for the considered intended use.
The modification for granular construction products with low hydraulic conductivity (Annex A) applies for granular particles with so little drainage capacity between the grains that percolation in percolation tests and in practice is nearly impossible.
Metals, metallic coatings and organic coatings on metals are excluded from the scope of this document because the principles of this test (diffusion) are not obeyed by these products. Guidance on the need for testing of these products is under consideration.
For some coatings (e.g. some renders with organic binders according to EN 15824 [9]) in intermittent contact with water, physical and chemical properties might be changed in permanent contact with water. For these products, this document is not appropriate.
Guidance on the applicability of the test method to a given product is outlined in EN 16637 1.
NOTE 1   This test method is only applicable if the product is chemically stable and the matrix does not dissolve. For construction products that are possibly used in contact with water this is usually the case as construction products are then supposed to be dimensionally stable. If a product possibly wears substantially in its intended use, the test cannot provide proper information. If the product contains a substantial amount of water-soluble compounds, e.g. gypsum or anhydrite, the matrix could (partially) dissolve and lead to dimensional instability of the test piece. In this case, the test standard also cannot be used.
NOTE 2   It is not always possible to optimize test conditions simultaneously for inorganic and organic substances. Optimum test conditions can also vary between different groups of organic substances. Test requirements for organic substances are generally more stringent than those for inorganic substances. The test conditions suitable for measuring the release of organic substances will generally also be applicable to inorganic substances.

(1) This document allows the identification of the appropriate leaching test method for the determination of the release of RDS from construction products into soil, surface water and groundwater. This document provides a stepwise procedure for the determination of appropriate release tests, including:
a)   determination of the test method based on general product properties;
b)   choice of the test method using specific product properties.
(2) Furthermore, this document gives general guidance for CEN Technical Product Committees and EOTA WGs on basic aspects (sampling, sample preparation and storage, eluate treatment, analysis of eluates and documentation) to be specified in the relevant product standards or ETAs.
(3) Metallic products and coatings on metallic products are not considered in the determination scheme of this document since the test methods in prEN 16637 2:—1) (tank test) and prEN 16637 3:—2) (column test) are not appropriate for the testing of these construction products due to a different release mechanism (solubility control).
NOTE   See Annex F.
(4) It is assumed that intermittent contact with water (e.g. exposure to rainwater) is tested – by convention – as permanent contact. For some coatings, (e.g. some renders with organic binders according to EN 15824 [7]) in intermittent contact to water, physical and chemical properties might be altered in permanent contact with water. These products are not considered in the determination scheme of this document since the test method in prEN 16637 2 is not appropriate for the testing of these construction products (in this case EN 16105 [8] might be an alternative method).

This document describes two methods for determining the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and one method for determining the content of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) with gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS).
See Annex A (normative) for lists of PAH and BTEX that can be determined with this document.
This document is intended to be used for construction products.
In a number of cases additional analysis with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) can be necessary to determine a number of compounds. To determine PAH multiple liquid-liquid extraction is used to remove interfering compounds, e.g. maltenes. The tests that led to this document were carried out on different types of roofing material, bitumen and bituminous binders as well as asphalt including one tar containing asphalt (see [Van De Weghe at el., 2018] and [García-Ruiz et al., 2020]).
The detectability limit of the methods for individual compounds in roofing material, asphalt and tar containing asphalt for PAH is 0,5 mg/kg to 1,5 mg/kg and for BTEX 0,1 mg/kg.

This document describes a method for the determination of the content of biocides in construction products, (either finished (dried) or in a ready-to-use state) and in eluates thereof, using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS/MS).
For content analysis liquid chromatography with UV-detection can also be used, if sufficient sensitivity and selectivity is ensured (see Annex A (normative)).
The method in this document is validated for the product types listed in Annex D (informative). For eluate analysis quantification limits of 0,1 µg/l can be achieved.

This European Standard specifies a horizontal reference method for the determination of emissions of regulated dangerous substances from construction products into indoor air. This method is applicable to volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, and very volatile aldehydes. It is based on the use of a test chamber and subsequent analysis of the organic compounds by GC-MS or HPLC.
NOTE 1   Supplemental information is given on indirect test methods (see Annex B) and on measuring very volatile organic compounds (see Annex C).
NOTE 2   This European Standard describes the overall procedure and makes use of existing standards mainly by normative reference, complemented when necessary with additional or modified normative requirements.

This document is applicable for the preparation of representative test portions from the laboratory sample that has been taken as specified in respective product standards and in CEN/TR 16220, prior to testing of release and analysis of content of construction products.
This document is intended to specify the sequence of operations and treatments to be applied to the laboratory sample in order to obtain suitable test portions in compliance with the specific requirements defined in the corresponding test methods and analytical procedures.

This Technical Report specifies a method for the determination of ammonia from cellulose insulation products at 90% relative humidity (RH).
This document is based on the existing prEN 16516 standard which provides an horizontal reference method for the determination of emissions of regulated dangerous substances from construction products into indoor air.

This document describes a test method for the determination of the activity concentrations of the radionuclides radium-226, thorium-232 and potassium-40 in construction products using semiconductor gamma-ray spectrometry.
This document describes sampling from a laboratory sample, sample preparation, and the sample measurement by semiconductor gamma-ray spectrometry. It includes background subtraction, energy and efficiency calibration, analysis of the spectrum, calculation of the activity concentrations with the associated uncertainties, the decision threshold and detection limit, and reporting of the results. The preparation of the laboratory sample from the initial product sample lies outside its scope and is described in product standards.
This document is intended to be non product-specific in scope, however, there are a limited number of product-specific elements such as the preparation of the laboratory sample and drying of the test portion. The method is applicable to samples from products consisting of single or multiple material components.

The aim of this Technical Report is to propose a methodology to determine indoor gamma dose from building materials and to help classify such a product as required in the Construction Products Regulation [7]. This first technical approach could be a precursor for the development of a harmonized European Standard based on this methodology.
NOTE 1   In this Technical Report, doses from radon and thoron exhalation are excluded. However, in 3.3, information is given on how radon exhalation is dealt with in (EU)2013/59/Euratom, the Basic Safety Standards Directive (2013/59/EURATOM) [1].
NOTE 2   Compliance with national exemption levels for NORM nuclides remains.

This Technical Report gives information on existing methods to test ecotoxicity of construction products. Information is given on how to combine recommended leaching tests with biological tests for the aquatic environment and how to avoid possible problems, when performing biological tests. Also suitable terrestrial tests on granular construction products diluted with artificial soil are proposed for a minimum test battery.
Reference has been made as far as possible to existing International and European Standards and guidelines.
The test procedure described in this Technical Report is technically suitable for all construction product eluates and for terrestrial tests on granular or paste-like construction products. However, from the point of view of test efficiency it is recommended mainly for products containing organics or polymers in case chemical analysis alone is not deemed to be sufficient. For inorganic products the chemical analysis is seen as straightforward in construction product eluates and therefore the added value of data received through ecotoxicity tests is seen as limited.

This Technical Report provides guidance on the statistical assessment of declared values with respect to the release, emission and/or content of dangerous substances. This Technical Report provides statistically-based criteria for type-testing (TT), further-testing (FT) and where a product has been shown to be consistent with measured values for the release, emission or content that are significantly below the declared values, the point where no-further-testing (NFT) is permitted.
A series of fundamental principles are defined in the present document and two statistical approaches are defined. The first approach is to use assessment by variables and this approach requires the data to be normally or log-normally distributed. This approach is recommended as the default option. The alternative approach based on assessment by attributes is appropriate for data sets that are not normally or log-normally distributed. The downside to this form of assessment is that more test data are needed for the same level of reliability. The present document introduces these assessment procedures and CEN/TR 16797-2 provides more detail and the statistical proof that they satisfy the principles defined in this document. With both of these approaches the minimum frequency of testing is a function of the distance between the mean value and declared value and the variability of the data set, i.e. the sample standard deviation.
To reduce the costs of testing, production plants producing a similar product may share data, e.g. be grouping the product into clusters for statistical assessment of declared values. Rules for the use of clusters are given in CEN/TR 16797-2.
CEN/TR 16797-2 also contains rules for identifying outliers within a data set and guidance on using tests other than the reference method for FT.
A list of tasks for product technical committees is given in CEN/TR 16797-2 as is a model clause for including in product standards and rules of applications that may be cited in the product standard or copied into product standards.

This Technical Report provides guidance on the statistical assessment of declared values with respect to the release, emission and/or content of dangerous substances. This report provides statistically-based criteria for type-testing (TT), further-testing (FT) and where a product has been shown to be consistent with measured values for the release, emission or content that are significantly below the declared values, the point where no-further-testing (NFT) is permitted.
A series of fundamental principles are defined in CEN/TR 16797-1 and two statistical approaches are defined. The first approach is to use assessment by variables and this approach requires the data to be normally or log-normally distributed. This approach is recommended as the default option. The alternative approach based on assessment by attributes is appropriate for data sets that are not normally or log-normally distributed. The downside to this form of assessment is that more test data are needed for the same level of reliability. CEN/TR 16797-1 introduces these assessment procedures and CEN/TR 16797-2 provides more detail and the statistical proof that they satisfy the principles defined in CEN/TR 16797-1. With both of these approaches the minimum frequency of testing is a function of the distance between the mean value and declared value and the variability of the data set, i.e. the sample standard deviation.
To reduce the costs of testing, production plants producing a similar product may share data, e.g. be grouping the product into clusters for statistical assessment of declared values. Rules for the use of clusters are given in this document.
This document also contains rules for identifying outliers within a data set and guidance on using tests other than the reference method for FT.
A list of tasks for product technical committees is given in this document as is a model clause for including in product standards and rules of applications that may be cited in the product standard or copied into product standards.

This Technical Report (TR) provides step-by-step guidance for product Technical Committees (TCs) and EOTA Working Groups (WGs), on how the harmonized measurement/test methods can be integrated into technical specifications.

This TR is an extension to CEN/TR 15855:2009. This original report on Barriers to Trade, prepared in response to Mandate M/366 given to CEN/TC 351 by the European Commission, identified that some of these barriers were truly technical or legal  barriers to trade  which can usually be overcome or minimised by technical harmonisation work, but others were quite legally in place, sometimes voluntary, but were nonetheless still seen as a barrier to the use of certain products in a free market place. This report is an examination of these concepts in more detail and an attempt to identify the reasons behind the presence of barriers to use and to present specific examples in more detail.

This Technical Report covers the specific requirements for sampling construction products to determine the release or emission of dangerous substances in their intended use. It is complementary to existing sampling standards and sampling instruction in product standards or test methods for construction products of CEN product TCs and EOTA committees which fall under the CPD.
The scope of this Technical Report covers all activities related to product sampling, starting with the initial planning of sampling until the delivery and formal transfer of the laboratory sample at the laboratory.
This Technical Report:
-   does not deal with sub-sampling in the laboratory as a step towards the preparation of the test portion / test specimen );
-   does not deal with the second sampling domain in which a sample is to be taken from the air (emission) or water (release) with which the test portion / test specimen has been in contact;
-   does not deal with the statistical testing of a construction product against (legislative) limit values, nor does it deal with the definition of repetitive sampling, suitable for fulfilling requirements with respect to a minimum level of uncertainty in a series of test results.
This Technical Report focuses on obtaining a single sample. Repetitive sampling is outside the scope as the boundary conditions for routine testing against a limit are not yet defined (e.g. the necessary reliability). Despite the fact that repetitive sampling is not covered, the conditions provided in this Technical Report apply for an individual sample, as well as for a sample that is part of a series.

This Technical Report (TR), taking into account the state of the art in the Member States, identifies the role of testing in the assessment of construction products in view of possible emissions and makes recommendations on the testing procedures. This Technical Report reviews in accordance with the experience already gained, the basis for deciding whether the use of horizontal test method standards for construction products is practicable and/or necessary in order to implement obligations arising from the Construction Products Directive (CPD).
The time limit for all information CEN/TC 351/TG 2 has been able to consider is set to be 31 December 2009.
This Technical Report provides recommendations for complete testing procedures in the overall framework of the CPD according to the methods for the Attestation of Conformity (AoC).

This Technical Report describes appropriate standard test methods for the determination of the content of regulated dangerous substances in construction products. Because of the similarity of the analytical methods for digests and eluates from leaching, the analysis of eluates from leaching is also covered.
This Technical Report is relevant to all substances covered by the provisions of the main body of Mandate M/366, i.e. those included in the work programme for the emission into indoor air, and release to surface water, ground water and soil.
The list of regulated substances provided by the Commission in document "Indicative list of regulated dangerous substances" [1] defines the substances, for which analytical methods for content will in principle be needed. This report will be limited to this list.
NOTE 1   Sampling for content analysis is addressed by applying the relevant product standards and or by applying WI 00351013, Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Complement to sampling (TR 4) [7] in case the sampling protocol for technical properties does not adequately address requirements in testing posed by the assessment of release to soil, surface and groundwater.
NOTE 2   Based on this selection of appropriate test methods from other fields, horizontal test methods for analysing the chemical content of construction products will be developed as ENs.
NOTE 3   In Annex B a compilation is given of the content regulations for construction products for health or environmental reasons.

This CEN Technical Report describes a procedure for assessing construction products with regards to their release/emission of regulated dangerous substances (RDS) into the environment in accordance with Essential Requirement Number 3 of the Construction Products Directive (CPD), as far as these construction products fall under the responsibility of CEN.
NOTE 1   For the purpose of this document and mandate M/366, the release of regulated dangerous substances from construction products is limited to two main environmental compartments:
1)   soil, groundwater and surface water;
2)   indoor air.
NOTE 2   It should be noted that construction products falling under the CPD and these environmental compartments are the subject of other European Union regulations, e.g. REACH, and they may also be the subject of Member State regulations.
This Technical Report defines how the mandated characteristics expressed in terms of mandated RDSs for each construction product can be assessed by an individual manufacturer using the ‘Without Testing’ (WT) procedure and/or the ‘Without Further Testing’ (WFT) and ‘Further Testing’ (FT) procedures after an initial type assessment and how the corresponding information accompanying the CE marking can be expressed in terms of declared values or RDS classes.
This report describes:
a)   under which conditions a RDS class for a construction product may be declared by the individual manufacturer using the ‘Without Testing (WT)’ assessment procedure;
b)   if all relevant mandated RDSs are assessed by this Without Testing procedure, how a set of RDS classes for a construction product may also be declared by the manufacturer without the need for testing of their specific products;
c)   how to establish RDS classes for a construction product using a Without Further Testing procedure once sufficient information has been obtained from initial type testing;
d)   when and how to undertake Further Testing as part of factory production control

This Technical Report indicates the barriers to trade as identified by the product Technical Committees and other available sources in relation to release of regulated dangerous substances into indoor air, surface water, ground water or soil.  This TR describes if and how these barriers to trade can be resolved or prevented by the standards included in the work programme of CEN/TC 351.

This document describes a test method for the determination of the activity of the radionuclides radium-226, thorium-232 and potassium-40 in construction products using semiconductor gamma-ray spectrometry.
This document describes sampling from a laboratory sample, sample preparation, and the sample measurement by semiconductor gamma-ray spectrometry. It includes background subtraction, energy and efficiency calibration, spectrum analysis, activity calculation with the associated uncertainties or the decision threshold and detection limit calculation, and the reporting of results.
The scope of this document is not product-specific. However, there are a limited number of product-specific components, such as the preparation of the laboratory sample and drying of the test portion. The method is applicable to samples from products consisting of single or multiple constituents.

This document specifies a horizontal reference method for the determination of emissions of regulated dangerous substances from construction products into indoor air. This method is applicable to volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, very volatile aldehydes and ammonia. It is based on the use of a test chamber and subsequent analysis of the organic compounds by GC-MS, HPLC, and for ammonia, subsequent analysis by spectrophotometric methods or any equivalent analytical methods (such as ion chromatography and ammonium specific electrode).
NOTE 1 Supplemental information is given on indirect test methods (see Annex B) and on measuring very volatile organic compounds (see Annex C).
NOTE 2 This European Standard describes the overall procedure and makes use of existing standards mainly by normative reference, complemented when necessary with additional or modified normative requirements.

This document specifies existing methods for the determination of specific organic substances in aqueous eluates from leaching of construction products.
The following parameters are covered: pH, electrical conductivity, biocides, bisphenol A, BTEX, dioxins and furans, DOC, epichlorohydrin, mineral oil, nonylphenols, PAH, PBDE, PCB, dioxin-like PCB, PCP, phenols and phthalates.
NOTE 1   Methods still under development or available at national level only are listed in Annex B for certain amines, AOX, and biocidal and plant protection products.
NOTE 2   Methods that have not been validated for aqueous eluates from leaching of construction products, because no suitable material was available at the time of the robustness validation, only are listed in Annex B. This applies to organotin compounds.
The methods in this document come from different fields, mainly the analysis of water, and are applicable for the eluates from construction products. They are validated for eluates of the product types listed in Annex A.
NOTE 3   Construction products include, e.g. mineral-based products, bituminous products, wood-based products, polymer-based products and metals. This document includes analytical methods for all matrices except metals.
The selection of the method to be applied is based on the product matrix and the required sensitivity.

This document specifies existing methods for the determination of the content of specific organic substances in construction products.
The following parameters are covered: BTEX, biocides, dioxins, furans and dioxin-like PCBs, mineral oil, nonylphenols, PAH, PCB, PCP, PBDE, and short-chain chlorinated paraffins.
NOTE 1   Methods still under development or available at national level only are listed in Annex B for PFOS, PFOA, HBCD and EOX. The methods can be included in the normative text as soon as full EN standards are available.
NOTE 2   Methods that have not been validated for construction products, because no suitable material was available at the time of the robustness validation, only are listed in Annex B. This applies to organotin compounds, phenols and phthalates.
The methods listed in this document come from different fields and are expected to be suitable for organic substances in organic extracts from all types of constructions products.
The methods in this document are validated for the product types listed in Annex A.
NOTE 3   Construction products include, e.g. mineral-based products, bituminous products, wood-based products, polymer-based products and metals. This document includes analytical methods for all matrices except metals.

This Technical Specification specifies analytical methods for the determination of major, minor and trace elements in aqua regia digests of construction products. It refers to the following 67 elements:
Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), cesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr.
The methods in this Technical Specification are applicable to construction products.
NOTE   Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045 [1].
The selection of analytical methods to be applied is based on the required sensitivity of the method, which is provided for all combinations of substance and analytical procedure.

This Technical Specification specifies the method for the determination of major, minor and trace elements in aqua regia and nitric acid digests and in eluates of construction products by Inductively Coupled Plasma – Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). It refers to the following 44 elements: Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
For the determination of low levels of As, Se and Sb, hydride generation may be applied. This method is described in Annex D.
NOTE   Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045 [1].
The method in this Technical Specification is applicable to construction products and validated for the product types listed in Annex D.

This Technical Specification specifies the method for the determination of major, minor and trace elements in aqua regia and nitric acid digests and in eluates of construction products by Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). It refers to the following 67 elements: Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), cesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
NOTE 1   Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045 [1].
The working range depends on the matrix and the interferences encountered.
NOTE 2   The limit of detection of most elements will be affected by their natural abundance, ionization behaviour, on abundance of isotope(s) free from isobaric interferences and by contamination (e.g. handling and airborne). Handling contaminations are in many cases more important than airborne ones.
The limit of detection will be higher in cases where the determination is likely to be interfered (see Clause 4) or in case of memory effects (see e.g. EN ISO 17294-1:2006, 8.2).
The method in this Technical Specification is applicable to construction products and validated for the product types listed in Annex B.

This Technical Specification specifies methods for obtaining the aqua regia digestible content of construction products. Solutions produced by this method are for analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled spectrometry (ICP-OES) for the following 67 elements:
Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), cesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
Solutions produced by the methods are suitable for analysis by cold vapour atomic absorption or fluorescent spectrometry (CV-AAS, CV-AFS), for mercury (Hg).
The method in this Technical Specification is applicable to construction products.
Digestion with aqua regia will not necessarily accomplish total decomposition of the sample. The extracted analyte concentrations may not necessarily reflect the total content in the sample.
NOTE   Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045.

This Technical Specification specifies analytical methods for the determination of major, minor and trace elements and of anions in aqueous eluates from construction products. It refers to the following 67 elements:
Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), cesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr) and to the following four anions: Cl-, Br-, F-, SO42-.
The Technical Specification also describes how to measure general parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, DOC/TOC.
The methods in this Technical Specification are applicable to construction products.
NOTE   Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045.
The selection of analytical methods to be applied is based on the required sensitivity of the method, which is provided for all substance - analytical procedure combinations.

This European Standard defines terms used in the field of the assessment of the release, and the content, of dangerous substances from / in construction products.
The terms are classified under the following main headings:
-   Terms related to products and substances (general; soil, groundwater and surface water; indoor air);
-   Terms related to sampling and sample preparation;
-   Terms related to test procedures and test results (general; soil, groundwater and surface water; indoor air, radiation).
An alphabetical index is provided.
NOTE   Further terms generally concerning the development and application of technical specifications for construction products which fall under the scope of the construction products regulation (CPR) are listed in Annex A.

(1) This document allows the identification of the appropriate leaching test method for the determination of the release of RDS from construction products into soil, surface water and groundwater. This document provides a stepwise procedure for the determination of appropriate release tests, including:
a) determination of the test method based on general product properties;
b) choice of the test method using specific product properties.
(2) Furthermore, this Technical Specification gives general guidance for CEN Technical Product Committees and EOTA WGs on basic aspects (sampling, sample preparation and storage, eluate treatment, analysis of eluates and documentation) to be specified in the relevant product standards or ETAs.
(3) Metallic products and coatings on metallic products are not considered in the determination scheme of this Technical Specification since the test methods in CEN/TS 16637-2 (tank test) and CEN/TS 16637-3 (column test) are not appropriate for the testing of these construction products due to a different release mechanism (solubility control).
NOTE See Annex F.
(4) It is assumed that intermittent contact with water (e. g. exposure to rainwater) is tested — by convention — as permanent contact. For some coatings, (e. g. some renders with organic binders according to EN 15824 [4]) in intermittent contact to water, physical and chemical properties might be altered in permanent contact with water. These products are not considered in the determination scheme of this Technical Specification since the test method in CEN/TS 16637-2 is not appropriate for the testing of these construction products (in this case EN 16105 [5] might be an alternative method).

(1)   This Technical Specification specifies an Up-flow Percolation Test (PT) which is applicable to determine the leaching behaviour of inorganic and non-volatile organic substances from granular construction products. The test is not suitable for substances that are volatile under ambient conditions. The construction products are subjected to percolation with water as a function of liquid to solid ratio under specified percolation conditions. The method is a once-through column leaching test.
(2)   This up-flow percolation test is performed under specified test conditions for construction products and does not necessarily produce results that mimic specific intended use conditions. This test method produces eluates, which can subsequently be characterized by physical, chemical and ecotoxicological methods according to existing standard methods. The results of eluate analysis are presented as a function of the liquid/solid ratio. The test results enable the distinction between different leaching behaviour.
NOTE 1   Volatile organic substances include the low molecular weight substances in mixtures such as mineral oil.
NOTE 2   It is not always possible to adjust test conditions simultaneously for inorganic and organic substances and test conditions may also vary between different groups of organic substances. Test conditions for organic substances are generally more stringent than those for inorganic substances. The test conditions are generally described in a way that they fit testing organic substances and are also applicable to inorganic substances depending on the set-up.
NOTE 3   For ecotoxicity testing, eluates representing the release of both inorganic and organic substances are needed. In this document, ecotoxicological testing is meant to include also genotoxicological testing.
Construction products that exhibit a saturated hydraulic conductivity of about 10−8 m/s or higher can usually be subjected to this test. This procedure is also applicable to materials showing solidification in the column, if the final hydraulic conductivity is within the specified range. Inert granular material should not be added to improve permeability in order to enable their testing.
NOTE 4   This procedure is generally not applicable to products that are easily biologically degradable and products reacting with the leachant, leading, for example, to excessive gas emission or excessive heat release, impermeable hydraulically bound products or products that swell in contact with water.

(1) This Technical Specification specifies a Dynamic Surface Leaching Test (DSLT) which is aimed at determining the release per unit surface area as a function of time of inorganic and/or non-volatile organic substances from a monolithic, plate- or sheet-like product, when it is put into contact with an aqueous solution (leachant). The test method is not suitable for substances that are volatile under ambient conditions.
(2) This test is a parameter specific test focusing on identifying and specifying parameter specific properties tested under specified conditions. It is not aimed at simulating real situations. The application of results to specific intended conditions of use may be established by means of modelling (not included in this Technical Specification).
(3) The modification for granular construction products with low hydraulic conductivity (Annex A) applies for granular particles with so little drainage capacity between the grains that percolation in percolation tests and in practice is nearly impossible.
(4) The test method applies to more or less regularly shaped test portions consisting of monolithic test pieces with minimum dimensions of 40 mm in all directions (volume > 64 000 mm3 (64 cm3)). It also applies to plate- or sheet-like products with surface areas of minimum 10 000 mm2 (100 cm2) exposed to the leachant. Products designed to drain water (e.g. draining tiles, porous asphalt) and monolithic granular products according to CEN/TS 16637-1:2014, Table 1, are also tested by this test method. All products to be tested are assumed to maintain their integrity over a time frame relevant for the considered intended use.
(5) Metals, metallic coatings and organic coatings on metals are excluded from the scope of CEN/TS 16637-2 because the principles of this test (diffusion) are not obeyed by these products. Guidance on the need for testing of these products is under consideration.
(6) For some coatings (e.g. some renders with organic binders according to EN 15824) in intermittent contact to water, physical and chemical properties might be changed in permanent contact with water. For these products CEN/TS 16637-2 is not appropriate.
(7) Guidance on the applicability of the test method to a given product is outlined in CEN/TS 16637-1.
NOTE 1   This test method is only applicable if the product is chemically stable and the matrix does not dissolve. For construction products that may be used in contact with water this usually should not be the case as construction products should then be dimensionally stable. If a product may substantially wear in its intended use, the test cannot provide proper information. If the product contains a substantial amount of water-soluble compounds, e.g. gypsum or anhydrite, the matrix may (partially) dissolve and lead to dimensional instability of the test piece. In this case the test standard also cannot be used.
NOTE 2   Volatile organic substances include the low molecular weight substances in mixtures such as mineral oil.
NOTE 3   It is not always possible to optimise test conditions simultaneously for inorganic and organic substances and optimum test conditions may also vary between different groups of organic substances. Test requirements for organic substances are generally more stringent than those for inorganic substances. The test conditions suitable for measuring the release of organic substances will generally also be applicable to inorganic substances.

This European Standard specifies a horizontal reference method for the determination of emissions of regulated dangerous substances from construction products into indoor air. This method is applicable to volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, and very volatile aldehydes. It is based on the use of a test chamber and subsequent analysis of the organic compounds by GC-MS or HPLC.
NOTE 1   Supplemental information is given on indirect test methods (see Annex B) and on measuring very volatile organic compounds (see Annex C).
NOTE 2   This European Standard describes the overall procedure and makes use of existing standards mainly by normative reference, complemented when necessary with additional or modified normative requirements.

This Technical Specification specifies the method for the determination of major, minor and trace elements in aqua regia and nitric acid digests and in eluates of construction products by Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). It refers to the following 44 elements: Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
For the determination of low levels of As, Se and Sb, hydride generation may be applied. This method is described in Annex D.
NOTE   Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045 [1].
The method in this Technical Specification is applicable to construction products and validated for the product types listed in Annex D.

This Technical Specification specifies the method for the determination of major, minor and trace elements in aqua regia and nitric acid digests and in eluates of construction products by Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). It refers to the following 67 elements: Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), cesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
NOTE 1   Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045 [1].
The working range depends on the matrix and the interferences encountered.
NOTE 2   The limit of detection of most elements will be affected by their natural abundance, ionization behaviour, on abundance of isotope(s) free from isobaric interferences and by contamination (e.g. handling and airborne). Handling contaminations are in many cases more important than airborne ones.
The limit of detection will be higher in cases where the determination is likely to be interfered (see Clause 4) or in case of memory effects (see e.g. EN ISO 17294-1:2006, 8.2).
The method in this Technical Specification is applicable to construction products and validated for the product types listed in Annex B.