CISPR 16-1-2:2014

CISPR 16-1-2 ®
Edition 2.0 2014-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL SPÉCIAL DES PERTURBATIONS RADIOÉLECTRIQUES
BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods –
Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Coupling
devices for conducted disturbance measurements

Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations
radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques –
Partie 1-2: Appareils de mesure des perturbations radioélectriques et de
l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques – Dispositifs de couplage pour la
mesure des perturbations conduites

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CISPR 16-1-2 ®
Edition 2.0 2014-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE

COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL SPÉCIAL DES PERTURBATIONS RADIOÉLECTRIQUES

BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM

Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and

methods –
Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Coupling

devices for conducted disturbance measurements

Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations

radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques –

Partie 1-2: Appareils de mesure des perturbations radioélectriques et de

l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques – Dispositifs de couplage pour la

mesure des perturbations conduites

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX XD
ICS 33.100.10, 33.100.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-1412-1

– 2 – CISPR 16-1-2 © IEC:2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 10
3.1 Terms and definitions . 10
3.2 Abbreviations . 12
4 Artificial mains networks . 12
4.1 General . 12
4.2 AMN impedance . 12
4.3 50 Ω/50 µH + 5 Ω artificial mains V-network (V-AMN) for use in the
frequency range 9 kHz to 150 kHz . 13
4.4 50 Ω/50 µH artificial mains V-network (V-AMN) for use in the frequency
range 0,15 MHz to 30 MHz . 14
4.5 50 Ω/5 µH + 1 Ω artificial mains V-network (V-AMN) for use in the
frequency range 150 kHz to 108 MHz . 15
4.6 150 Ω artificial mains V-network (V-AMN) for use in the frequency range
150 kHz to 30 MHz . 17
4.7 150 Ω artificial mains delta-network (∆-AMN) for use in the frequency
range 150 kHz to 30 MHz . 17
4.7.1 General parameters . 17
4.7.2 Balance of the 150 Ω artificial mains delta-network . 17
4.8 Isolation . 18
4.8.1 Requirement . 18
4.8.2 Measurement procedure . 18
4.9 Current carrying capacity and series voltage drop . 19
4.10 Modified reference ground connection . 19
4.11 Measurement of the voltage division factor of artificial mains V-networks . 20
5 Current and voltage probes . 21
5.1 Current probes . 21
5.1.1 General . 21
5.1.2 Construction . 21
5.1.3 Characteristics. 21
5.2 Voltage probe . 22
5.2.1 High impedance voltage probe . 22
5.2.2 Capacitive voltage probe . 23
6 Coupling units for conducted current immunity measurement . 25
6.1 General . 25
6.2 Characteristics . 25
6.2.1 General . 25
6.2.2 Impedance . 25
6.2.3 Insertion loss . 25
7 Coupling devices for measuring signal lines . 26
7.1 General . 26
7.2 Requirements for AANs (or Y-networks) . 26
7.3 Requirements for artificial networks for coaxial and other screened
cables . 30
8 The artificial hand and series RC element . 30

CISPR 16-1-2 © IEC:2014 – 3 –
8.1 General . 30
8.2 Construction of the artificial hand and RC element . 30
8.3 The use of the artificial hand . 31
9 CDNE for measurement of disturbance voltage in frequency range 30 MHz to
300 MHz . 34
9.1 Instrumentation . 34
9.1.1 General . 34
9.1.2 Description of the CDNE measurement . 35
9.1.3 Description of the RGP . 35
9.2 Technical requirements for the CDNE-X . 36
9.2.1 Mechanical and electrical parameters . 36
9.2.2 Validation of the CDNE . 36
9.3 Technical requirement for the RGP . 39
Annex A (normative) AMNs . 40
A.1 General . 40
A.2 An example of the 50 Ω/50 µH + 5 Ω artificial mains V-network . 40
A.3 An example of the 50 Ω/50 µH artificial mains V-network . 41
A.4 Examples of the 50 Ω/5 µH + 1 Ω artificial mains V-network . 41
A.5 An example of the 150 Ω artificial mains V-network . 42
A.6 Example of the 150 Ω artificial mains delta-network . 43
A.7 Example design for an AMN with a 50 µH inductor . 44
A.7.1 The inductor . 44
A.7.2 The case of the inductor . 45
A.7.3 Isolation of the inductor . 46
A.8 Measurement of the voltage division factor of an artificial mains V-
network . 46
Annex B (informative) Construction, frequency range, and calibration of current probes . 49
B.1 Physical and electrical considerations for current probes . 49
B.2 Equivalent electrical circuit of current probe . 51
B.3 Detrimental effects of current probe measurements . 51
B.4 Typical frequency response characteristics of current probes. 52
B.5 A shielding structure for use with current probes . 53
B.5.1 General . 53
B.5.2 Theoretical model . 54
B.5.3 Construction of the shielding structure . 55
B.5.4 High-pass filter . 55
B.6 Calibration of current probes . 55
Annex C (informative) Construction of the coupling units for current injection for the
frequency range 0,15 MHz to 30 MHz . 59
C.1 Coupling unit type A for coaxial antenna input . 59
C.2 Coupling unit type M, for mains leads . 59
C.3 Coupling unit type L, for loudspeaker leads . 62
C.4 Coupling unit type Sw, for audio-frequency signals . 63
C.5 Coupling unit type Sw, for audio, video, and control signals . 63
Annex D (informative) Principle of operation and examples of coupling units for
conducted current immunity measurements . 65
D.1 Principle of operation . 65
D.2 Types of unit and their construction . 65

– 4 – CISPR 16-1-2 © IEC:2014
Annex E (normative) Example and measurement of the parameters of the asymmetric
artificial network (AAN) . 69
E.1 Description of an example of an AAN: the T-network . 69
E.2 Measurements of the parameters of an asymmetric artificial network
(AAN) . 69
Annex F (normative) Example and measurement of the parameters of the AN for
coaxial and other screened cables . 75
F.1 Description of ANs for coaxial and other screened cables . 75
F.2 Measurements of parameters of an AN for coaxial and other screened
cables . 75
Annex G (informative) Construction and evaluation of capacitive voltage probe . 77
G.1 General . 77
G.2 Physical and electrical considerations for CVP . 77
G.3 Determination of the frequency response of the voltage division factor . 77
G.4 Method of measurement to determine the influence of external electric
fields . 78
G.4.1 Influence of external electric field . 78
G.4.2 Method of measurement to determine the influence of the
external electric field . 78
G.5 Pulse response . 78
G.6 Voltage division factor dependence . 79
Annex H (informative) Rationale for the introduction of a minimum decoupling factor
between mains and EUT/receiver ports for the V-AMN. 84
Annex I (informative) Rationale for the introduction of a phase tolerance for the V-
AMN input impedance . 85
Annex J (informative) Example CDNE set-up diagrams . 87
J.1 CDNE-M2 and CDNE-M3 . 87
J.2 CDNE-Sx . 89
Bibliography . 90

Figure 1 – Impedance (magnitude and phase) of the V-network for Band A (see 4.3,
the relevant frequency range is from 9 kHz to 150 kHz) . 16
Figure 2 – Impedance (magnitude and phase) of the V-network for Band B (see 4.4) . 16
Figure 3 – Impedance (magnitude and phase) of the V-network for Bands B and C
(from 150 kHz to 108 MHz; see 4.5) . 17
Figure 4 – Method for checking the balance of the arrangement for the measurement of
symmetrical voltages . 18
Figure 5 – Example of artificial mains 50 Ω/50 µH + 5 Ω V-network (see 4.3 and A.2) . 20
Figure 6 – Example of artificial mains V-networks, 50 Ω/50 µH, 50 Ω /5 µH + 1 Ω or
150 Ω (see 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, A.3, A.4 and A.5, respectively) . 20
Figure 7 – Circuit for RF voltage measurement on supply mains . 23
Figure 8 – Circuit used to make voltage measurements between a cable and reference
ground . 24
Figure 9 – Measuring set-up to check the insertion loss of the coupling units in the
frequency range 30 MHz to 150 MHz . 26
Figure 10 – Principal circuit and LCL requirements of an AAN . 28
Figure 11 – Application of the artificial hand . 33
Figure 12 – Examples of application of artificial hand to ITE . 34
Figure 13 – Arrangement for validation of a CDNE . 37

CISPR 16-1-2 © IEC:2014 – 5 –
Figure 14 – IMA arrangement for correcting the electrical length . 38
Figure 15 – Test arrangement for the measurement of the symmetric impedance (Z ) . 39
DM
Figure A.1 – Example of an alternative 50 Ω/5 µH + 1 Ω V-AMN for devices used with
low impedance power sources . 42
Figure A.2 – Example of a ∆-AMN for a measuring receiver with unbalanced input . 43
Figure A.3 – Schematic of 50 µH inductor . 45
Figure A.4 – General view of an AMN . 45
Figure A.5 – Attenuation of an AMN filter . 46
Figure A.6 – Test set-up for determining the voltage division factor . 47
Figure B.1 – Typical current probe configuration . 50
Figure B.2 – High-pass filter with cut-off frequency of 9 kHz . 52
Figure B.3 – Transfer impedance of typical current probes. 53
Figure B.4 – Set-up for current measurement using the AMN . 54
Figure B.5 – Shield configuration used with current transformer . 55
Figure B.6 – Schematic diagram of circuit with coaxial adaptor and current probe
transfer admittance Y measurement . 56
T
Figure B.7 – Transfer admittance Y as a function of frequency . 57
T
Figure B.8 – Return loss of the coaxial adaptor terminated with 50 Ω and with the
current probe (also terminated with 50 Ω) inside . 57
Figure B.9 – Current probe between the two halves of the coaxial adaptor. 58
Figure C.1 – Example of coupling unit type A, for coaxial input schematic diagram and
construction details (see C.1 and D.2) . 60
Figure C.2 – Example of coupling unit type M, for mains leads, schematic diagram and

construction details (see C.2 and D.2) . 61
Figure C.3 – Example of coupling unit type L for loudspeaker leads, schematic diagram
and simplified construction drawing (see D.2) . 62
Figure C.4 – Example of coupling unit type Sw, for audio signals. Schematic diagram
and simplified construction drawing (see D.2) . 63
Figure C.5 – Example of coupling unit type Sw, for audio, video and control signals,

schematic diagram and simplified construction drawing (see D.2) . 64
Figure D.1 – General principle of the current-injection method (see D.1) . 67
Figure D.2 – Coupling unit type Sr with load resistances – Schematic diagram and
simplified construction drawing (see D.2) . 68
Figure E.1 – Example of a T-network circuit for one pair of wires . 70
Figure E.2 – Arrangement for the termination impedance measurement . 71
Figure E.3 – Arrangement for LCL probe verification . 71
Figure E.4 – Arrangement for the LCL probe calibration using an L-circuit . 72
Figure E.5 – LCL measurement of the AAN using an LCL probe . 72
Figure E.6 – Test set-up for the decoupling attenuation (isolation) of the AAN
V
a = 20lg − a in dB for asymmetric signals between AE port and EUT port . 73
decoup vdiv
V
Figure E.7 – Test set-up for the insertion loss (symmetric) of the AAN . 73
Figure E.8 – Calibration test set-up for the AAN voltage division factor of the
V
asymmetric circuit: F = a = 20lg  in dB . 74
AAN vdiv
V
Figure F.1 – Example of a coaxial cable AN . 75

– 6 – CISPR 16-1-2 © IEC:2014
Figure F.2 – Test set-up for the coaxial and screened cable AN voltage division factor
V
F = 20lg in dB . 76
AN
V
Figure G.1 – Configuration of a CVP . 80
Figure G.2 – Equivalent circuit of a CVP . 81
Figure G.3 – Test set-up to measure the frequency response . 81
Figure G.4 – Electrostatic coupling model and its equivalent circuit . 82
Figure G.5 – Test set-up to measure the reduction, through the shielding effect, of the
influence of the external electric field caused by electrostatic coupling . 82
Figure G.6 – Conversion factor deviation when cable position is changed . 83
Figure G.7 – Investigation result of the cable radius dependence . 83
Figure H.1 – Isolation measurement arrangement . 84
Figure I.1 – Definition of impedance magnitude and phase tolerances . 85
Figure J.1 – CDNE-M3 with internal attenuator a of at least 6 dB . 87
meas
Figure J.2 – CDNE-M2 with internal attenuator a of at least 6 dB . 88
meas
Figure J.3 – CDNE-Sx for screened cable with x internal wires and an internal
attenuator of at least 6 dB . 89

Table 1 – Magnitudes and phase angles of the V-network (see Figure 1) . 13
Table 2 – Magnitudes and phase angles of the V-network (see Figure 2) . 14
Table 3 – Magnitudes and phase angles of the V-network (see Figure 3) . 15
Table 4 – Values of minimum isolation for V-networks . 18
Table 5 – Characteristics of the AAN for the measurement of asymmetric disturbance
voltage . 29
Table 6 – Characteristics of artificial networks for coaxial and other screened cables . 30
Table 7 – Electrical parameters of the CDNE-X . 36
Table A.1 – Component values of 50 Ω/50 µH + 5 Ω V-network . 40
Table A.2 – Component values of 50 Ω/50 µH V-network . 41
Table A.3 – Component values of 50 Ω/5 µH + 1 Ω V-network . 42
Table A.4 – Component values of the 150 Ω V-network . 43
Table A.5 – Component values of the 150 Ω delta-network . 44

CISPR 16-1-2 © IEC:2014 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
_____________
SPECIFICATION FOR RADIO DISTURBANCE AND IMMUNITY
MEASURING APPARATUS AND METHODS –

Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus –
Coupling devices for conducted disturbance measurements

FOREWORD
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5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard CISPR 16-1-2 has been prepared by subcommittee A: Radio-
interference measurements and statistical methods, of IEC technical committee CISPR:
International special committee on radio interference.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2003 and its
Amendment 1 (2004) and Amendment 2 (2006). This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) requirements from CISPR 22 for the AAN have been copied to this standard;
b) the CDNE for measurement of disturbance voltage in the frequency range 30 MHz to
300 MHz is added;
c) additional maintenance is included.

– 8 – CISPR 16-1-2 © IEC:2014
It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107,
Electromagnetic compatibility – Guide to the drafting of electromagnetic compatibility
publications.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
CISPR/A/1051/FDIS CISPR/A/1059/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
A list of all parts of CISPR 16 series, under the general title Specification for radio
disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods, can be found on the IEC
website.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
CISPR 16-1-2 © IEC:2014 – 9 –
SPECIFICATION FOR RADIO DISTURBANCE AND IMMUNITY
MEASURING APPARATUS AND METHODS –

Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus –
Coupling devices for conducted disturbance measurements

1 Scope
This part of the CISPR 16 series specifies the characteristics and performance of equipment
for the measurement of radio disturbance voltages and currents in the frequency range 9 kHz
to 1 GHz.
NOTE In accordance with IEC Guide 107, CISPR 16 is a basic EMC standard for use by product committees of
the IEC. As stated in Guide 107, product committees are responsible for determining the applicability of the EMC
standard. CISPR and its sub-committees are prepared to co-operate with product committees in the evaluation of
the value of particular EMC tests for specific products.
Specifications for ancillary apparatus are included for artificial mains networks, current and
voltage probes and coupling units for current injection on cables.
It is intended that the requirements of this publication are fulfilled at all frequencies and for all
levels of radio disturbance voltages and currents within the CISPR indicating range of the
measuring equipment.
Methods of measurement are covered in the CISPR 16-2 series, and further information on
radio disturbance is given in CISPR 16-3, while uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling are
covered in the CISPR 16-4 series.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
CISPR 16-1-1:2010, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Measuring
apparatus
CISPR 16-2-1:2014, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity – Conducted
disturbance measurements
CISPR 16-4-2:2011, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 4-2: Uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling – Measurement
instrumentation uncertainty
IEC 60050 (all parts), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (available at
)
IEC 61000-4-6:2008, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-6: Testing and
measurement techniques – Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency
fields
– 10 – CISPR 16-1-2 © IEC:2014
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050, as well as
the following apply.
3.1.1
ancillary equipment
transducers connected to a measuring receiver or (test) signal generator and used in the
disturbance signal transfer between the EUT and the measuring or test equipment
Note 1 to entry: Examples of transducers are current and voltage probes and artificial networks.
3.1.2
associated equipment
AE
apparatus that is not part of the system under test but is required for the functioning of the
EUT
3.1.3
asymmetric voltage
radio-frequency disturbance voltage appearing between the electrical mid-point of the mains
terminals and ground, sometimes called the common mode voltage
Note 1 to entry: If V is the vector voltage between one of the mains terminals and ground, and V is the vector
a b
voltage between the other mains terminal and ground, the asymmetric voltage is half the vector sum of V and V ,
a b
i.e. (V + V )/2.
a b
3.1.4
symmetric voltage
radio-frequency disturbance voltage appearing between the two wires in a two-wire circuit,
such as a single-phase mains supply, sometimes called the differential mode voltage
Note 1 to entry: The symmetric voltage is the vector difference (V − V ).
a b
3.1.5
unsymmetric voltage
amplitude of the vector voltage, V or V defined in 3.1.3 and 3.1.4
a b
Note 1 to entry: The unsymmetric voltage is the voltage measured by the use of an artificial mains V-network.
Note 2 to entry: See notes in 3.1.3 and 3.1.4 for details on V and V .
a b
3.1.6
artificial mains network
AMN
network that provides a defined impedance to the EUT at radio frequencies, couples the
disturbance voltage to the measuring receiver, and decouples the test circuit from the supply
mains
Note 1 to entry: There are two basic types of this network, the V-network (V-AMN) which couple the unsymmetric
voltages, and the delta-network (∆-AMN), which couple the symmetric and the unsymmetric voltages separately.
Note 2 to entry: The terms line impedance stabilization network (LISN) and V-AMN are used interchangeably .

CISPR 16-1-2 © IEC:2014 – 11 –
3.1.7
asymmetric artificial network
AAN
network used to measure (or inject) asymmetric (common mode) voltages on unshielded
symmetric signal (e.g. telecommunication) lines while rejecting the symmetric (differential
mode) signal
Note 1 to entry: The term “Y-network” is a synonym for AAN.
3.1.8
auxiliary equipment
AuxEq
peripheral equipment that is part of the system under test
3.1.9
coupling/decoupling network
CDN
artificial network for the measurement or injection of signals on one circuit while preventing
signals from being measured or injected on another circuit
3.1.10
CDNE-X
coupling/decoupling network for emission measurement in the frequency range 30 MHz to
300 MHz; where the “X” suffix can be “M2” for unscreened two-wire mains, DC or control
ports, “M3” for unscreened three-wire mains, DC or control ports, and “Sx” for screened cable
with x internal wires
Note 1 to entry: See Annex J for further details on the CDNE-X.
3.1.11
equipment under test
EUT
equipment (devices, appliances and systems) subjected to EMC (emission) compliance tests
3.1.12
impedance measurement adaptor
IMA
metallic vertical plane, 0,1 m by 0,1 m, bonded to the reference ground plane, which contains
connection ports for a network analyzer and a CDNE
3.1.13
longitudinal conversion loss
LCL
in a one- or two-port network, a measure of the degree of unwanted transverse (symmetric
mode) signal produced at the terminals of the network due to the presence of a longitudinal
(asymmetric mode) signal on the connecting leads
Note 1 to entry: LCL is a ratio expressed in dB.
)
[SOURCE: ITU-T Recommendation O.9 [8] ]
______________
)
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.

– 12 – CISPR 16-1-2 © IEC:2014
3.1.14
reference ground plane
RGP
fIat conductive surface that is used as a common reference and that allows a defined parasitic
capacitance to the surroundings of an EUT
Note 1 to entry: A reference ground plane is needed for conducted emission measurements, and serves as
reference ground for the measurement of unsymmetrical and asymmetrical disturbance voltages.
3.2 Abbreviations
The following are abbreviations used in this standard that are not already provided in 3.1.
AN Artificial network
CVP Capacitive voltage probe
E.m.f. Electromotive force
ISN Impedance stabilization network
ITE Information technology equipment
LCL Longitudinal conversion loss
NWA Network analyser
PE Protective earth
RF Radio frequency
4 Artificial mains networks
4.1 General
An artificial mains network is required to provide a defined impedance at radio frequencies at
the terminals of the EUT, to isolate the test circuit from unwanted radio-frequency signals on
the supply mains, and to couple the disturbance voltage to the measurin
...

CISPR 16-1-2 ®
Edition 2.1 2017-11
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL SPÉCIAL DES PERTURBTIONS RADIOÉLECTRIQUES

BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM

Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods –
Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Coupling
devices for conducted disturbance measurements

Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations
radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques –
Partie 1-2: Appareils de mesure des perturbations radioélectriques et de
l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques – Dispositifs de couplage pour la
mesure des perturbations conduites

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CISPR 16-1-2 ®
Edition 2.1 2017-11
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE

COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL SPÉCIAL DES PERTURBATIONS RADIOÉLECTRIQUES

BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM

Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and

methods –
Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Coupling

devices for conducted disturbance measurements

Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations

radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques –

Partie 1-2: Appareils de mesure des perturbations radioélectriques et de

l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques – Dispositifs de couplage pour la

mesure des perturbations conduites

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 33.100.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-5051-8

CISPR 16-1-2 ®
Edition 2.1 2017-11
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL SPÉCIAL DES PERTURBATIONS RADIOÉLECTRIQUES

BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods –
Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Coupling
devices for conducted disturbance measurements

Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations
radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques –
Partie 1-2: Appareils de mesure des perturbations radioélectriques et de
l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques – Dispositifs de couplage pour la
mesure des perturbations conduites

– 2 – CISPR 16-1-2:2014+AMD1:2017 CSV
© IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 8
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 11
3.1 Terms and definitions . 11
3.2 Abbreviations . 13
4 Artificial mains networks for AC mains and other power ports . 14
4.1 General . 14
4.2 AMN AN impedances . 14
4.3 50 Ω/50 mH + 5 Ω artificial mains V-network (V-AMN) for use in the
frequency range 9 kHz to 150 kHz . 15
4.4 50 Ω/50 mH artificial mains V-network (V-AMN) for use in the frequency
range 0,15 MHz to 30 MHz . 16
4.5 50 Ω/5 mH + 1 Ω artificial mains V-network (V-AMN) for use in the
frequency range 150 kHz to 108 MHz . 17
4.6 150 Ω artificial mains V-network (V-AMN) for use in the frequency range
150 kHz to 30 MHz (Void) . 19
4.7 150 Ω artificial mains delta-network (∆-AMN Δ-AN) for mains and other
power ports for use in the frequency range 150 kHz to 30 MHz . 19
4.7.1 General parameters Requirements . 19
4.7.2 Balance of the 150 Ω artificial mains delta-network
Measurement of the Δ-AN parameters . 20
4.7.3 Current carrying capacity and series voltage drop . 21
4.8 Isolation . 21
4.8.1 Requirement . 21
4.8.2 Measurement procedure . 22
4.9 Current carrying capacity and series voltage drop . 22
4.10 Modified reference ground connection . 22
4.11 Measurement of the voltage division factor of artificial mains V-networks . 23
5 Current and voltage probes . 24
5.1 Current probes . 24
5.1.1 General . 24
5.1.2 Construction . 24
5.1.3 Characteristics. 24
5.2 Voltage probe . 25
5.2.1 High impedance voltage probe . 25
5.2.2 Capacitive voltage probe . 26
6 Coupling units for conducted current immunity measurement . 29
6.1 General . 29
6.2 Characteristics . 29
6.2.1 General . 29
6.2.2 Impedance . 29
6.2.3 Insertion loss . 29
7 Coupling devices for measuring signal lines . 30
7.1 General . 30
7.2 Requirements for AANs (or Y-networks) . 30

© IEC 2017
7.3 Requirements for artificial networks for coaxial and other screened
cables . 34
8 The artificial hand and series RC element . 34
8.1 General . 34
8.2 Construction of the artificial hand and RC element . 34
8.3 The use of the artificial hand . 35
9 CDNE for measurement of disturbance voltage in frequency range 30 MHz to
300 MHz . 38
9.1 Instrumentation . 38
9.1.1 General . 38
9.1.2 Description of the CDNE measurement . 39
9.1.3 Description of the RGP . 39
9.2 Technical requirements for the CDNE-X . 40
9.2.1 Mechanical and electrical parameters . 40
9.2.2 Validation of the CDNE . 40
9.3 Technical requirement for the RGP . 43
Annex A (normative) Characteristics and their measurement, circuit schemes and
examples of modern implementations of AMNs and other ANs for use with power or
load ports of EUTs . 44
A.1 General . 44
A.2 An example of the 50 Ω/50 mH + 5 Ω artificial mains V-network . 44
A.3 An example of the 50 Ω/50 mH artificial mains V-network . 45
A.4 Examples of the 50 Ω/5 mH + 1 Ω artificial mains V-network . 45
A.5 An example of the 150 Ω artificial mains V-network (Void) . 46
A.6 Examples of the 150 Ω artificial mains delta-network Δ-AN . 47
A.7 Example design for an AMN with a 50 mH inductor . 50
A.7.1 The inductor . 50
A.7.2 The case of the inductor . 51
A.7.3 Isolation of the inductor . 52
A.8 Measurement of the voltage division factor of an artificial mains
V-network . 52
Annex B (informative) Construction, frequency range, and calibration of current probes . 55
B.1 Physical and electrical considerations for current probes . 55
B.2 Equivalent electrical circuit of current probe . 57
B.3 Detrimental effects of current probe measurements . 57
B.4 Typical frequency response characteristics of current probes. 58
B.5 A shielding structure for use with current probes . 59
B.5.1 General . 59
B.5.2 Theoretical model . 60
B.5.3 Construction of the shielding structure . 61
B.5.4 High-pass filter . 61
B.6 Calibration of current probes . 61
Annex C (informative) Construction of the coupling units for current injection for the
frequency range 0,15 MHz to 30 MHz . 65
C.1 Coupling unit type A for coaxial antenna input . 65
C.2 Coupling unit type M, for mains leads . 65
C.3 Coupling unit type L, for loudspeaker leads . 68
C.4 Coupling unit type Sw, for audio-frequency signals . 69
C.5 Coupling unit type Sw, for audio, video, and control signals . 69

– 4 – CISPR 16-1-2:2014+AMD1:2017 CSV
© IEC 2017
Annex D (informative) Principle of operation and examples of coupling units for
conducted current immunity measurements . 71
D.1 Principle of operation . 71
D.2 Types of unit and their construction . 71
Annex E (normative) Example and measurement of the parameters of the asymmetric
artificial network (AAN) . 75
E.1 Description of an example of an AAN: the T-network . 75
E.2 Measurements of the parameters of an asymmetric artificial network
(AAN) . 75
Annex F (normative) Example and measurement of the parameters of the AN for
coaxial and other screened cables . 81
F.1 Description of ANs for coaxial and other screened cables . 81
F.2 Measurements of parameters of an AN for coaxial and other screened
cables . 81
Annex G (informative) Construction and evaluation of capacitive voltage probe . 83
G.1 General . 83
G.2 Physical and electrical considerations for CVP . 83
G.3 Determination of the frequency response of the voltage division factor . 83
G.4 Method of measurement to determine the influence of external electric
fields . 84
G.4.1 Influence of external electric field . 84
G.4.2 Method of measurement to determine the influence of the
external electric field . 84
G.5 Pulse response . 84
G.6 Voltage division factor dependence . 85
Annex J (informative) Example CDNE set-up diagrams . 93
J.1 CDNE-M2 and CDNE-M3 . 93
J.2 CDNE-Sx . 95
Annex K (normative) Measurement of Δ-AN parameters . 96
Annex I (informative) Rationale for the introduction of a phase tolerance for the V-
AMN input impedance . 91
Annex H (informative) Rationale for the introduction of a minimum decoupling factor
between mains and EUT/receiver ports for the V-AMN . 90
Bibliography . 98

Figure 1 – Impedance (magnitude and phase) of the V-network for Band A (see 4.3,
the relevant frequency range is from 9 kHz to 150 kHz) . 18
Figure 2 – Impedance (magnitude and phase) of the V-network for Band B (see 4.4) . 18
Figure 3 – Impedance (magnitude and phase) of the V-network for Bands B and C
(from 150 kHz to 108 MHz; see 4.5) . 19
Figure 4 – Method for checking the balance of the arrangement for the measurement of
symmetrical voltages .
Figure 5 – Example of artificial mains 50 Ω/50 mH + 5 Ω V-network (see 4.3 and A.2) . 23
Figure 6 – Example of artificial mains V-networks, 50 Ω/50 mH, 50 Ω /5 mH + 1 Ω or
150 Ω (see 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, A.3, A.4 and A.5, respectively) . 23
Figure 7 – Circuit for RF voltage measurement on supply mains . 26
Figure 8 – Circuit used to make voltage measurements between a cable and reference
ground . 28

© IEC 2017
Figure 9 – Measuring set-up to check the insertion loss of the coupling units in the
frequency range 30 MHz to 150 MHz . 29
Figure 10 – Principal circuit and LCL requirements of an AAN . 32
Figure 11 – Application of the artificial hand . 37
Figure 12 – Examples of application of artificial hand to ITE . 38
Figure 13 – Arrangement for validation of a CDNE . 41
Figure 14 – IMA arrangement for correcting the electrical length . 42
Figure 15 – Test arrangement for the measurement of the symmetric impedance (Z ) . 43
DM
Figure A.1 – Example of an alternative 50 Ω/5 mH + 1 Ω V-AMN for devices used with
low impedance power sources . 46
Figure A.2 – Example of a ∆-AMN for a measuring receiver with unbalanced input
a 150 Ω Δ-AN for low current drain across the AN for the measurement of asymmetric
and symmetric disturbance voltages . 48
Figure A.3 – Schematic of 50 mH inductor . 51
Figure A.4 – General view of an AMN . 51
Figure A.5 – Attenuation of an AMN filter . 52
Figure A.6 – Test set-up for determining the voltage division factor . 53
Figure A.7 – Example of a 150 Ω Δ-AN for high current drain across the AN for the
measurement of asymmetric and symmetric disturbance voltages . 50
Figure B.1 – Typical current probe configuration . 56
Figure B.2 – High-pass filter with cut-off frequency of 9 kHz . 58
Figure B.3 – Transfer impedance of typical current probes. 59
Figure B.4 – Set-up for current measurement using the AMN . 60
Figure B.5 – Shield configuration used with current transformer . 61
Figure B.6 – Schematic diagram of circuit with coaxial adaptor and current probe
transfer admittance Y measurement . 62
T
Figure B.7 – Transfer admittance Y as a function of frequency . 63
T
Figure B.8 – Return loss of the coaxial adaptor terminated with 50 Ω and with the
current probe (also terminated with 50 Ω) inside . 63
Figure B.9 – Current probe between the two halves of the coaxial adaptor. 64
Figure C.1 – Example of coupling unit type A, for coaxial input schematic diagram and

construction details (see C.1 and D.2) . 66
Figure C.2 – Example of coupling unit type M, for mains leads, schematic diagram and
construction details (see C.2 and D.2) . 67
Figure C.3 – Example of coupling unit type L for loudspeaker leads, schematic diagram
and simplified construction drawing (see D.2) . 68
Figure C.4 – Example of coupling unit type Sw, for audio signals. Schematic diagram

and simplified construction drawing (see D.2) . 69
Figure C.5 – Example of coupling unit type Sw, for audio, video and control signals,
schematic diagram and simplified construction drawing (see D.2) . 70
Figure D.1 – General principle of the current-injection method (see D.1) . 73
Figure D.2 – Coupling unit type Sr with load resistances – Schematic diagram and
simplified construction drawing (see D.2) . 74
Figure E.1 – Example of a T-network circuit for one pair of wires . 76
Figure E.2 – Arrangement for the termination impedance measurement . 77
Figure E.3 – Arrangement for LCL probe verification . 77
Figure E.4 – Arrangement for the LCL probe calibration using an L-circuit . 78

– 6 – CISPR 16-1-2:2014+AMD1:2017 CSV
© IEC 2017
Figure E.5 – LCL measurement of the AAN using an LCL probe . 78
Figure E.6 – Test set-up for the decoupling attenuation (isolation) of the AAN
V
in dB for asymmetric signals between AE port and EUT port . 79
a = 20lg − a
decoup vdiv
V
Figure E.7 – Test set-up for the insertion loss (symmetric) of the AAN . 79
Figure E.8 – Calibration test set-up for the AAN voltage division factor of the
V
asymmetric circuit:  in dB . 80
F = a = 20lg
AAN vdiv
V
Figure F.1 – Example of a coaxial cable AN . 81
Figure F.2 – Test set-up for the coaxial and screened cable AN voltage division factor
V
in dB . 82
F = 20lg
AN
V
Figure G.1 – Configuration of a CVP . 86
Figure G.2 – Equivalent circuit of a CVP . 87
Figure G.3 – Test set-up to measure the frequency response . 87
Figure G.4 – Electrostatic coupling model and its equivalent circuit . 88
Figure G.5 – Test set-up to measure the reduction, through the shielding effect, of the
influence of the external electric field caused by electrostatic coupling . 88
Figure G.6 – Conversion factor deviation when cable position is changed . 89
Figure G.7 – Investigation result of the cable radius dependence . 89
Figure H.1 – Isolation measurement arrangement . 90
Figure I.1 – Definition of impedance magnitude and phase tolerances . 91
Figure J.1 – CDNE-M3 with internal attenuator a of at least 6 dB . 93
meas
Figure J.2 – CDNE-M2 with internal attenuator a of at least 6 dB . 94
meas
Figure J.3 – CDNE-Sx for screened cable with x internal wires and an internal

attenuator of at least 6 dB . 95
Figure K.1 – Calibration of the set-up with an open, short and match (50 Ω) standard
reference termination . 96
Figure K.2 – Set-up for the measurement of the symmetric impedance . 96
Figure K.3 – Set-up for test system normalization . 97
Figure K.4 – Set-up for symmetric voltage division factor measurement . 97
Figure K.5 – Set-up for the measurement of the insertion loss of a balun by measuring
the insertion loss of two identical baluns . 97

Table 1 – Magnitudes and phase angles of the V-network (see Figure 1) . 15
Table 2 – Magnitudes and phase angles of the V-network (see Figure 2) . 16
Table 3 – Magnitudes and phase angles of the V-network (see Figure 3) . 17
Table 4 – Values of minimum isolation for V-networks . 21
Table 5 – Characteristics of the AAN for the measurement of asymmetric disturbance

voltage . 33
Table 6 – Characteristics of artificial networks for coaxial and other screened cables . 34
Table 7 – Electrical parameters of the CDNE-X . 40
Table 8 – Parameters of the 150 Ω Δ-AN (150 kHz to 30 MHz) . 20
Table 9 – Parameters of the 150 Ω Δ-AN (9 kHz to 150 kHz) . 20
Table A.1 – Component values of 50 Ω/50 mH + 5 Ω V-network . 44

© IEC 2017
Table A.2 – Component values of 50 Ω/50 mH V-network . 45
Table A.3 – Component values of 50 Ω/5 mH + 1 Ω V-network . 46
Table A.4 – Component values of the 150 Ω V-network .
Table A.54 – Component values of the 150 Ω delta network Δ-AN shown in Figure A.2 . 49

– 8 – CISPR 16-1-2:2014+AMD1:2017 CSV
© IEC 2017
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
_____________
SPECIFICATION FOR RADIO DISTURBANCE AND IMMUNITY
MEASURING APPARATUS AND METHODS –
Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus –
Coupling devices for conducted disturbance measurements
FOREWORD
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5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This consolidated version of the official IEC Standard and its amendment has been prepared
for user convenience.
CISPR 16-1-2 edition 2.1 contains the second edition (2014-03) [documents CISPR/A/1051/FDIS
and CISPR/A/1059/RVD] and its amendment 1 (2017-11) [documents CIS/A/1222/FDIS and CIS/
A/1232/RVD].
In this Redline version, a vertical line in the margin shows where the technical content
is modified by amendment 1. Additions are in green text, deletions are in strikethrough
red text. A separate Final version with all changes accepted is available in this
publication.
© IEC 2017
International Standard CISPR 16-1-2 has been prepared by subcommittee A: Radio-
interference measurements and statistical methods, of IEC technical committee CISPR:
International special committee on radio interference.
This second edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) requirements from CISPR 22 for the AAN have been copied to this standard;
b) the CDNE for measurement of disturbance voltage in the frequency range 30 MHz to
300 MHz is added;
c) additional maintenance is included.
It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107,
Electromagnetic compatibility – Guide to the drafting of electromagnetic compatibility
publications.
A list of all parts of CISPR 16 series, under the general title Specification for radio
disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods, can be found on the IEC
website.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendment will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
– 10 – CISPR 16-1-2:2014+AMD1:2017 CSV
© IEC 2017
SPECIFICATION FOR RADIO DISTURBANCE AND IMMUNITY
MEASURING APPARATUS AND METHODS –

Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus –
Coupling devices for conducted disturbance measurements

1 Scope
This part of the CISPR 16 series specifies the characteristics and performance of equipment
for the measurement of radio disturbance voltages and currents in the frequency range 9 kHz
to 1 GHz.
NOTE In accordance with IEC Guide 107, CISPR 16 is a basic EMC standard for use by product committees of
the IEC. As stated in Guide 107, product committees are responsible for determining the applicability of the EMC
standard. CISPR and its sub-committees are prepared to co-operate with product committees in the evaluation of
the value of particular EMC tests for specific products.
Specifications for ancillary apparatus are included for artificial mains networks, current and
voltage probes and coupling units for current injection on cables.
It is intended that the requirements of this publication are fulfilled at all frequencies and for all
levels of radio disturbance voltages and currents within the CISPR indicating range of the
measuring equipment.
Methods of measurement are covered in the CISPR 16-2 series, and further information on
radio disturbance is given in CISPR 16-3, while uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling are
covered in the CISPR 16-4 series.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
CISPR 16-1-1:2010, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Measuring
apparatus
CISPR 16-2-1:2014, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity – Conducted
disturbance measurements
CISPR 16-4-2:2011, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 4-2: Uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling – Measurement
instrumentation uncertainty
IEC 60050 (all parts), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (available at
)
IEC 61000-4-6:2008, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-6: Testing and
measurement techniques – Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency
fields
© IEC 2017
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050, as well as
the following apply.
3.1.1
ancillary equipment
transducers connected to a measuring receiver or (test) signal generator and used in the
disturbance signal transfer between the EUT and the measuring or test equipment
Note 1 to entry: Examples of transducers are current and voltage probes and artificial networks.
3.1.2
associated equipment
AE
apparatus that is not part of the system under test but is required for the functioning of the
EUT
3.1.3
asymmetric voltage
radio-frequency RF disturbance voltage appearing between the electrical mid-point of the
mains individual terminals or leads in a two- or multi-wire circuit and reference ground,
sometimes called the common mode CM voltage
Note 1 to entry: If, in case of an LV AC mains power port, V is the vector voltage between one of the mains
a
terminals and reference ground, and V is the vector voltage between the other mains terminal and reference
b
ground, the asymmetric voltage is half the vector sum of V and V , i.e. (V + V )/2.
a b a b
3.1.4
symmetric voltage
radio-frequency RF disturbance voltage appearing between the two wires in a two-wire circuit
any pair of wires not comprising the wire at ground potential in a two- or multi-wire circuit,
such as a single-phase mains supply or a bundle of twisted pairs in a communication cable,
sometimes called the differential mode DM voltage
Note 1 to entry: In case of an LV AC mains power port, the symmetric voltage is the vector difference (V − V ).
a b
3.1.5
unsymmetric voltage
amplitude of the vector voltage, V or V defined in 3.1.3 and 3.1.4
a b
RF disturbance voltage appearing between an individual terminal or lead and reference
ground, in a two- or multi-wire circuit
Note 1 to entry: The unsymmetric voltage is the voltage measured by the use of an artificial mains V-network a V-
AMN. It denotes the amplitude of the vector voltage, V or V (mentioned in the Note 1 to entry in 3.1.3 and 3.1.4).
a b
Note 2 to entry: See notes in 3.1.3 and 3.1.4 for details on V and V .
a b
3.1.6
artificial mains network
AMN
network that provides a defined impedance to the EUT at radio frequencies, couples the
disturbance voltage to the measuring receiver, and decouples the test circuit from the supply
mains
Note 1 to entry: There are two basic types of this network, the V-network (V-AMN) which couples the unsymmetric
...