ASTM E2813-18

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2813 − 18
Standard Practice for
Building Enclosure Commissioning
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2813; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx) is a process that begins with the establishment of the
Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR) and endeavors to confirm that the exterior enclosure and those
elements intended to provide environmental separation within a building or structure meet or exceed
the expectations of the Owner as described in the OPR, and as defined by the contract documents.A
fundamental understanding of the most current published edition of ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard
202, Commissioning Process for Buildings and Systems and ASTM E2947, Standard Guide for
Building Enclosure Commissioning is recommended for optimal use and application of this practice.
1. Scope 1.5 This practice mandates independent design review dur-
ing the Design Phase of both Fundamental and Enhanced
1.1 This practice is intended to serve as a concise,
BECx.
authoritative, and technically sound practice for Building
Enclosure Commissioning (BECx) that establishes two levels
1.6 This practice recognizes that the OPR for exterior
ofBECx: Fundamentaland Enhanced(referalsotoSection4).
enclosure performance and environmental separation may
exceed the baseline requirements of applicable building codes
1.2 The BECx process as defined in this practice includes
andstandardsandprovidesguidanceforthedevelopmentofan
the following phases and sub-phases:
OPR based on the following attributes as defined in AnnexA1
1.2.1 Pre-design,
of this practice:
1.2.2 Design,
1.6.1 Energy,
1.2.2.1 Schematic Design,
1.6.2 Environment,
1.2.2.2 Design Development,
1.2.2.3 Construction Documentation, 1.6.3 Safety,
1.2.3 Bidding and Negotiation Phase,
1.6.4 Security,
1.2.4 Construction,
1.6.5 Durability,
1.2.4.1 Pre-Construction,
1.6.6 Sustainability, and
1.2.4.2 Construction Administration, and
1.6.7 Operation.
1.2.5 Occupancy and Operations.
1.7 The terms “building enclosure” and “enclosure” as they
1.3 This practice includes a mandatory OPR Development
appear in this practice refer collectively to all materials,
Guideline(AnnexA1)andrequiresthedevelopmentofanOPR
components, systems, and assemblies intended to provide
for both Fundamental and Enhanced BECx that addresses, at a
shelter and environmental separation between interior and
minimum, the performance attributes and metrics included in
exterior, or between two or more environmentally distinct
Annex A1 of this practice.
interior spaces in a building or structure.
1.4 This practice includes mandatory BECx Performance
1.8 This practice establishes that the Building Enclosure
Testing Requirements (Annex A2) approved for use with this
Commissioning Provider (BECxP) refers specifically to the
practice to evaluate the performance and durability of enclo-
individualretainedbytheOwnertodevelop,manage,andbein
sure materials, components, systems, and assemblies.
responsible charge of the BECx process, including individual
membersandtechnicalspecialiststhatmaycomprisetheBECx
group (see 4.2).
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Perfor-
mance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.55 on
1.9 TheroleandresponsibilitiesoftheBECxPasdefinedby
Performance of Building Enclosures.
this practice are not intended to supersede or otherwise replace
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018. Published December 2018. Originally
ɛ1
the contractual obligations reserved specifically for the parties
approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E2813–12 . DOI:
10.1520/E2813–18. responsible for the design and construction of a building or
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E2813 − 18
structure, nor the duties that may otherwise be assigned to C1294 Test Method for Compatibility of Insulating Glass
those parties by applicable regulatory or statutory law. Edge Sealants with Liquid-Applied Glazing Materials
C1371 Test Method for Determination of Emittance of
1.10 This practice is not intended to warrant or otherwise
Materials Near Room Temperature Using Portable Emis-
guarantee the as-built or in-service durability, or both, and
someters
performance of enclosure materials, components, systems, and
C1522 Test Method for Extensibility After Heat Aging of
assemblies.
Cold Liquid-Applied Elastomeric Waterproofing Mem-
1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
branes
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
C1549 Test Method for Determination of Solar Reflectance
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
NearAmbientTemperature Using a Portable Solar Reflec-
tion only and are not considered standard.
tometer
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the
C1601 Test Method for Field Determination of Water Pen-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
etration of Masonry Wall Surfaces
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C1651 Test Method for Measurement of Roll Wave Optical
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Distortion in Heat-Treated Flat Glass
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
C1652/C1652M Test Method for Measuring Optical Distor-
1.13 This international standard was developed in accor-
tion in Flat Glass Products Using Digital Photography of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Grids
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
D2203 Test Method for Staining from Sealants
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
D4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Portable Adhesion Testers
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
D5957 Guide for Flood Testing Horizontal Waterproofing
Installations
2. Referenced Documents
E90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and
C423 TestMethodforSoundAbsorptionandSoundAbsorp-
Elements
tion Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method
E283 Test Method for Determining Rate of Air Leakage
C510 Test Method for Staining and Color Change of Single-
Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors
or Multicomponent Joint Sealants
Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the Speci-
C522 Test Method for Airflow Resistance of Acoustical
men
Materials
E330/E330M Test Method for Structural Performance of
C724 Test Method for Acid Resistance of Ceramic Decora-
Exterior Windows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls by
tions on Architectural-Type Glass
Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference
C732 Test Method forAging Effects ofArtificialWeathering
E331 Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior
on Latex Sealants
Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uni-
C794 TestMethodforAdhesion-in-PeelofElastomericJoint
form Static Air Pressure Difference
Sealants
E336 Test Method for Measurement of Airborne Sound
C1060 Practice for Thermographic Inspection of Insulation
Attenuation between Rooms in Buildings
Installations in Envelope Cavities of Frame Buildings
E488/E488M Test Methods for Strength of Anchors in
C1087 Test Method for Determining Compatibility of
Concrete Elements
Liquid-Applied Sealants with Accessories Used in Struc-
E492 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Impact
tural Glazing Systems
Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies
C1153 Practice for Location of Wet Insulation in Roofing
Using the Tapping Machine
Systems Using Infrared Imaging
E514/E514M Test Method for Water Penetration and Leak-
C1193-11a Guide for Use of Joint Sealants
age Through Masonry
C1246 Test Method for Effects of Heat Aging on Weight
E576 Test Method for Frost/Dew Point of Sealed Insulating
Loss, Cracking, and Chalking of Elastomeric Sealants
Glass Units in the Vertical Position
After Cure
E596 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Noise
C1258 Test Method for Elevated Temperature and Humidity
Reduction of Sound-Isolating Enclosures
Resistance of Vapor Retarders for Insulation
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
C1279 Test Method for Non-Destructive Photoelastic Mea-
E779 TestMethodforDeterminingAirLeakageRatebyFan
surement of Edge and Surface Stresses in Annealed,
Pressurization
Heat-Strengthened, and Fully Tempered Flat Glass
E783 Test Method for Field Measurement of Air Leakage
Through Installed Exterior Windows and Doors
E795 Practices for Mounting Test Specimens During Sound
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Absorption Tests
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
E903 Test Method for Solar Absorptance, Reflectance, and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Transmittance of Materials Using Integrating Spheres
E2813 − 18
E966 Guide for Field Measurements of Airborne Sound E2359/E2359M Test Method for Field Pull Testing of an
Attenuation of Building Facades and Facade Elements In-Place Exterior Insulation and Finish System Clad Wall
Assembly
E997 Test Method for Evaluating Glass Breakage Probabil-
ity Under the Influence of Uniform Static Loads by Proof E2570/E2570M Test Methods for Evaluating Water-
Resistive Barrier (WRB) Coatings Used under Exterior
Load Testing
Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) or EIFS with
E1007 Test Method for Field Measurement of Tapping
Drainage
Machine Impact Sound Transmission Through Floor-
E2649 Test Method for DeterminingArgon Concentration in
Ceiling Assemblies and Associated Support Structures
Sealed Insulating Glass Units Using Spark Emission
E1014 Guide for Measurement of Outdoor A-Weighted
Spectroscopy
Sound Levels
E2947 Guide for Building Enclosure Commissioning
E1050 Test Method for Impedance and Absorption of
F1233 Test Method for Security Glazing Materials And
AcousticalMaterialsUsingaTube,TwoMicrophonesand
Systems
a Digital Frequency Analysis System
F1642/F1642M Test Method for Glazing and Glazing Sys-
E1105 Test Method for Field Determination of Water Pen-
tems Subject to Airblast Loadings
etration of Installed Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors,
F1869 Test Method for Measuring MoistureVapor Emission
and Curtain Walls, by Uniform or Cyclic Static Air
Rate of Concrete Subfloor Using Anhydrous Calcium
Pressure Difference
Chloride
E1186 Practices for Air Leakage Site Detection in Building
F2170 Test Method for Determining Relative Humidity in
Envelopes and Air Barrier Systems
Concrete Floor Slabs Using in situ Probes
E1425 Practice for Determining theAcoustical Performance
F2420 Test Method for Determining Relative Humidity on
of Windows, Doors, Skylight, and Glazed Wall Systems
the Surface of Concrete Floor Slabs Using Relative
E1503 Test Method for Conducting Outdoor Sound Mea-
Humidity Probe Measurement and Insulated Hood (With-
surements Using a Digital Statistical Sound Analysis
drawn 2014)
System
2.2 AAMA Standards:
E1827 Test Methods for Determining Airtightness of Build-
AAMA501.1 StandardTestMethodforWaterPenetrationof
ings Using an Orifice Blower Door
Windows, Curtain Walls and Doors Using Dynamic Pres-
E1886 Test Method for Performance of Exterior Windows,
sure
Curtain Walls, Doors, and Impact Protective Systems
AAMA 501.2 Quality Assurance and Diagnostic Water
Impacted by Missile(s) and Exposed to Cyclic Pressure
Leakage Field Check of Installed Storefronts, Curtain
Differentials
Walls, and Sloped Glazing Systems
E1980 Practice for Calculating Solar Reflectance Index of
AAMA 501.4 Recommended Static Test Method for Evalu-
Horizontal and Low-Sloped Opaque Surfaces
ating Window Wall, Curtain Wall and Storefront Systems
E1996 Specification for Performance of Exterior Windows,
Subjected to Seismic and Wind-Induced Inter-Story Drift
Curtain Walls, Doors, and Impact Protective Systems
AAMA 501.5 Test Method for Thermal Cycling of Exterior
Impacted by Windborne Debris in Hurricanes
Walls
E2099 Practice for the Specification and Evaluation of
AAMA508-07 Voluntary Test Method and Specification for
Pre-Construction Laboratory Mockups of Exterior Wall
Pressure Equalized Rain Screen Wall Cladding Systems
Systems
AAMA 1503 Voluntary Test Method for Thermal Transmit-
E2178 TestMethodforAirPermeanceofBuildingMaterials
tance and Condensation Resistance of Windows, Doors,
E2179 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of the
and Glazed Wall Sections
Effectiveness of Floor Coverings in Reducing Impact
AAMA 1801 Voluntary Specification for the Acoustical
Sound Transmission Through Concrete Floors
Rating of ExteriorWindows, Doors, Skylights and Glazed
E2249 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Air-
Wall Sections
borne Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Ele-
2.3 ANSI Standards:
ments Using Sound Intensity
ANSI/ASA S12.8 Methods for Determination of Insertion
E2264 Practice for Determining the Effects of Temperature
Loss of Outdoor Noise Barriers
Cycling on Fenestration Products
ANSI/ASAS12.60 Acoustical Performance Criteria, Design
E2268 Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior
Requirements, and Guidelines for Schools
Windows, Skylights, and Doors by Rapid Pulsed Air
ANSI/ASHRAE/IES 90.1 Energy Standard for Buildings
Pressure Difference
Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings (Map of Climate
E2319 Test Method for Determining Air Flow Through the
Zones)
Face and Sides of Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and
Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Specimen
www.astm.org.
Available from American Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA),
E2353 Test Methods for Performance of Glazing in Perma-
1827 Walden Office Square, Suite 550, Schaumburg, Illinois 60173-4268, http://
nent Railing Systems, Guards, and Balustrades
www.aamanet.org.
E2357 TestMethodforDeterminingAirLeakageRateofAir
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Barrier Assemblies 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
E2813 − 18
ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 101 Application of Infrared 2.13 NIJ Standard:
Sensing Devices to theAssessment of Building Heat Loss NIJ Std. 0108.01 Ballistic Resistant Protective Materials
Characteristics
2.14 State Department (SD) Ballistic Standard:
ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 Commissioning Process
SD-STD-01.01 Forced Entry and Ballistic Resistance of
for Buildings and Systems
Structural Systems
2.4 CAN/CGSB Standard:
2.15 UL Standard:
CAN/CGSB 149-GP-2MP Manual for Thermographic
UL 752 Standard of Safety for Bullet-Resisting Equipment
Analysis of Building Enclosures
3. Terminology
2.5 CEN Standard:
CEN 1063 Glass in building - Security glazing - Testing and
3.1 Definitions—Refer to the most current edition of the
classification of resistance against bullet attack
following:
3.1.1 ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202, Section 3, Defini-
2.6 CSA Standard:
tions
CSA-A123.21 Standard Test Method for the Dynamic Wind
3.1.2 Guide E2947
Uplift Resistance of Membrane-Roofing Systems
9 3.1.3 Terminology E631
2.7 CSI Standard:
3.1.4 AIAArchitect’s Handbook of Professional Practice
Project Resource Manual and Manual of Practice
3.1.5 CSI Project Resource Manual and Manual of Practice
2.8 GANA Test Methods:
3.2 Acronyms:
GANA LD 100-06 Standard Test Method for Ball Drop
3.2.1 AAMA—American Architectural Manufacturers Asso-
Impact of Laminated Architectural Flat Glass
ciation
GANA TD 101-04 Standard Test Method for Center-Punch
Fragmentation of Fully-Tempered Flat Glass
3.2.2 A/E—Architect/Engineer
GANA LD 101-08 Standard Specification for Ball Drop
3.2.3 AIA—American Institute of Architects
Impact Resistance of Laminated Architectural Flat Glaz-
3.2.4 ANSI—American National Standards Institute
ing
3.2.5 AOR—Architect-of-Record
2.9 GSA Standard:
3.2.6 ASCE—American Society of Civil Engineers
GSA-TS01 Standard Test Method for Glazing and Window
Systems Subject to Dynamic Overpressure Loadings
3.2.7 ASHRAE—American Society of Heating, Refrigerat-
ing and Air Conditioning Engineers
2.10 ICC Publication:
International Building Code
3.2.8 BCA—Building Commissioning Association
2.11 ISO Publication:
3.2.9 BECx—Building Enclosure Commissioning
ISO 9000
3.2.10 BECxG—Building Enclosure Commissioning Group
2.12 NFRC Standards:
3.2.11 BECxP—Building Enclosure Commissioning Pro-
NFRC 100 Procedure for Determining Fenestration Product
vider (aka “Agent” or “Authority”)
U-Factors
3.2.12 BOD—Building Enclosure Basis-of-Design
NFRC 200 Procedure for Determining Fenestration Product
Solar Heat Gain Coefficient and Visible Transmittance at
3.2.13 CAN/CGSB—Canadian General Standards Board
Normal Incidence
3.2.14 CSA—Canadian Standards Association
NFRC 300 Test Method for Determining the Solar Optical
3.2.15 CSI—Construction Specifications Institute
Properties of Glazing Materials and Systems
3.2.16 Cx—Commissioning
3.2.17 CxP—Commissioning Provider
Available from Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB), 11 Laurier St.,
3.2.18 EIS—Energy Information System
Phase III, Place du Portage, Gatineau, Quebec K1A0S5, Canada, http://www.tpsgc-
pwgsc.gc.ca/ongc-cgsb/index-eng.html.
3.2.19 EMCS—Energy Management and Control System
Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Avenue
3.2.20 EOR—Engineer-of-Record
Marnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cen.eu.
Available from Canadian Standards Association (CSA), 178 Rexdale Blvd.,
3.2.21 GANA—Glass Association of North America
Toronto, ON M9W 1R3, Canada, http://www.csagroup.org.
AvailablefromConstructionSpecificationsInstitute(CSI),110S.UnionStreet,
Suite 100, Alexandria VA 22314, http://www.csiresources.org.
10 15
AvailablefromGlassAssociationofNorthAmerica(GANA),800SWJackson Available from National Institute of Justice (NIJ), 810 7th St., NW,
St., Suite 1500, Topeka, KS 66612-1200, http://www.glasswebsite.com. Washington, DC 20531, http://nij.gov.
11 16
Available from U.S. General Services Administration (GSA), 1800 F Street, Available from U.S. Government Publishing Office (GPO), 732 N. Capitol St.,
NW, Washington, DC 20405, http://www.gsa.gov. NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http://www.gpo.gov.
12 17
Available from International Code Council (ICC), 500 New JerseyAve., NW, Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 2600 N.W. Lake Rd., Camas,
6th Floor, Washington, DC 20001, http://www.iccsafe.org. WA 98607-8542, http://www.ul.com.
13 18
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO Selection, interpretation, application, and use of the terminology contained in
Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, these documents shall be at the sole discretion of the BECxP. Reconciliation of
Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org. conflicts in terminology or the definition of terms that may exist among or between
Available from National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC), 6305 Ivy Ln., thesedocumentsshallbethesoleresponsibilityoftheBECxP,subjecttoreviewand
Suite 140, Greenbelt, MD 20770, http://www.nfrc.org. final approval by the AOR and Owner.
E2813 − 18
3.2.22 GSA—United States General Services Administra- mum of one independent design review of enclosure-related
tion constructiondocumentdrawingsandspecificationsinamanner
thatwillallowfortimelyreviewandconsiderationbytheAOR
3.2.23 HVAC—Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning
prior to solicitation and contract award. The project-specific
3.2.24 IAQ—Indoor Air Quality
BECx specification section establishes the roles and responsi-
3.2.25 IEQ—Indoor Environmental Quality
bilities of the contractor and individual members of the
construction team in the context of the BECx process, includ-
3.2.26 LEED—Leadership in Energy and Environmental
Design (trademark ) ing a summary of required pre-construction laboratory and
field performance test standards and methodology for
3.2.27 NASFA—NationalAssociation of State FacilitiesAd-
enclosure-related materials, components, systems, and assem-
ministrators
blies required by AnnexA2 of this practice and further defined
3.2.28 NEBB—National Environmental Balancing Bureau
by the AOR in the construction documents;
3.2.29 NIBS—National Institute of Building Sciences
4.1.1.5 DocumentafinalBECxPlanthatincludesanoutline
of the BECx process, BECx roles and responsibilities of the
3.2.30 NFRC—National Fenestration Rating Council
BECxP, individual members of the BECx group, the Design
3.2.31 O&M—Operations and Maintenance
Team, the Construction Team, and the methodology estab-
3.2.32 OPR—Building Enclosure Owner’s Project Require-
lished to verify and document compliance of the as-built
ments
construction with the requirements of the approved contract
3.2.33 RCx—Retro-Commissioning
documents. The BECx Plan shall be developed to align with
the requirements of the BECx section of the project specifica-
3.2.34 ReCx—Re-Commissioning
tions;
3.2.35 RFI—Request For Information
4.1.1.6 Direct and substantive participation by the BECxP
3.2.36 USDHS (or DHS)—U.S. Department of Homeland
during the Bidding and Negotiation, Pre-Construction, Con-
Security
structionAdministration, and Occupancy & Operations phases
3.2.37 USDOD (or DOD)—U.S. Department of Defense
oftheBECxprocess,includingpre-constructionlaboratoryand
field performance testing as required in Annex A2 for Funda-
3.2.38 USDOE (or DOE)—U.S. Department of Energy
mental BECx.
3.2.39 USDOS (or DOS)—U.S. Department of State
4.1.2 Enhanced BECx—Architecture or engineering-related
3.2.40 USGBC—U.S. Green Building Council
technical services, or both, performed on behalf of the Owner
3.2.41 VA—U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
by the BECxP and associated BECx group members in
accordance with the requirements of Fundamental BECx, but
4. Summary of Practice
with the following additional requirements:
4.1 This practice establishes two levels of BECx: Funda-
4.1.2.1 BECxPengagement during the Pre-Design Phase of
mental and Enhanced.
the BECx process, but no later than commencement of the
4.1.1 Fundamental BECx—Architecture or engineering-
Schematic Design sub-phase;
related technical services, or both, performed on behalf of the
4.1.2.2 Technical assistance and documentation during the
Owner by the BECxP and associated group members and
development of the preliminary OPR;
summarized as follows:
4.1.2.3 Technical assistance and documentation during the
4.1.1.1 BECxP engagement during the Design Phase of the
development of the BOD, contract documents, including the
BECx process, but no later than commencement of the Design
project-specific BECx specification section, and final OPR
Development sub-phase;
during the Design Phase of the BECx process, including
4.1.1.2 Review and documentation of the preliminary OPR
completion of a minimum of three independent design re-
developedduringthePre-DesignPhaseoftheBECxprocess;
views of enclosure-related construction document drawings
4.1.1.3 Identification of the scope and recommended budget
andspecificationsinamannerthatwillallowfortimelyreview
for the BECx process and development of a preliminary BECx
and consideration by theAOR prior to solicitation and contract
Plan;
award, and;
4.1.1.4 Technical assistance and documentation during the 25
4.1.2.4 Direct and substantive participation (see 4.2)by
development of the BOD, contract documents, project-specific
the BECxP and BECxG during the Bidding and Negotiation,
BECx specification section, and final OPR during the Design
Phase of the BECx process, including completion of a mini-
Though it is recognized that all parties participating in the design and
LEED is a trademark held by the U.S. Green Building Council. construction of the building are part of the BECx process, for the purposes of this
Typically characterized by theAOR as “50 %” completion of the Construction practice, the BECx group (BECxG) is defined as the group of individuals, working
Documents, subject to review and concurrence by the Owner and BECxP. under direct supervision of the BECxP. This group may be comprised of a single
Including retroactive development of a written OPR in circumstances where a person or may include multiple subject matter specialists and administrative staff. It
formal OPR may not exist or otherwise was not fully developed during the is the responsibility of the BECxP to perform each required task or to delegate the
Pre-Design Phase of the BECx process as defined byANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard appropriate task to the appropriate Group member.
202 and Guide E2947. As outlined in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 and Guide E2947, unless
The BECx Plan shall be as defined byANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 and otherwise defined in this practice.
Guide E2947. As defined in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 and Guide E2947.
E2813 − 18
Pre-Construction, Construction Administration, and Occu- 4.2.1.3 Contract Documents and Construction
pancy and Operations phases of the BECx process, including Administration,including,ataminimum,demonstratedknowl-
pre-construction laboratory and field performance testing as edge of the:
required in Annex A2 for Enhanced BECx. (1) Interrelationship and commonly understood hierarchy
that exists between Procurement Documents, Contract
4.2 This practice establishes that the BECxP shall assemble
Documents,ContractDrawingsandSpecifications developed
a group (BECxG) that, at a minimum, demonstrates a level of
during the Design Phase of the BECx process, as well as
proficiency in the core competencies listed below that meets or
submittals and legally binding Instruments of Change issued
exceeds the requirements of building codes, standards,
during the Pre-Construction (Procurement) and Construction
guidelines, and regulations applicable to or otherwise volun-
Phases of the BECx process, including but not limited to:
tarily adopted by the Owner to govern enclosure-related
Addenda; Submittals; Architect’s Supplemental Instructions
design, construction, and performance. Determination of the
and Field Directives; Construction Change Directives, and;
qualification of the BECxP and BECxG will be at the discre-
Change Orders;
tion of the Owner:
(2) Influence of enclosure-related design, detailing, and
4.2.1 BECxG Core Competencies:
integration on total building performance, including at a
4.2.1.1 Building and Materials Science, including, at a
minimum consideration of the performance attributes listed in
minimum, demonstrated knowledge of the:
1.5 and Annex A1 of this practice;
(1) Principles associated with heat transfer via conduction,
(3) Influence of product selection, allowable construction
convection, radiation, and air infiltration/exfiltration;
tolerances, and dimensional requirements to accommodate
(2) Principles associated with moisture storage and trans-
environmental and service loads on detailing at interface
port via gravity, diffusion, convection, capillary action, ab-
conditions between enclosure-related materials, components,
sorbed flow, and osmosis; and
systems, and assemblies, and; the corresponding influence on
(3) Characteristics and behavior of enclosure-related
sequencing, phasing, and coordination of trades during the
materials, components, systems, and assemblies when speci-
Construction Phase of the BECx process;
fied for a given application, geographic region, location,
(4) Importance of material compatibility and continuity of
exposure, or climate, and corresponding influence on
primary heat, air, and moisture control layers throughout the
workability, durability, serviceability, performance, and antici-
building enclosure on total building performance and the
pated service-life.
appropriate mitigation of risks associated with improperly
(4) Principles of structural loading and structural capacity
managed heat, air, and moisture transport across the building
of enclosure-related materials, components, systems, and as-
enclosure;
semblies for specified loads including: wind, earthquake,
(5) Importanceofthetimelypreparationanddistributionof
projectile, differential volume change, and kinetic energy and
subject-direct, technically sound, and actionable documenta-
differential pressure conditions.
tionandfeedbacktotheOwner,design,andconstructionteams
4.2.1.2 Procurement and Project Delivery, including, at a
throughout the Construction Phase of the BECx process.
minimum, demonstrated knowledge of the:
26 4.2.1.4 Performance Test Standards and Methodology,
(1) Influence of the project delivery method selected by
including, at a minimum, demonstrated knowledge of the:
the Owner on the scope, adaptation, implementation, and cost
(1) Pre-construction laboratory and field-applied test stan-
of the BECx process as defined in this practice;
27 dards and methodology referenced in this practice (see Annex
(2) Influence of the number and type of contracts estab-
A2) and their intended use and application in evaluating the
lished between the Owner and the design and construction
durability, performance, constructability, and anticipated
teams on the role and responsibilities of the BECxP and
service-life of enclosure-related materials, components,
individual members of the BECx group;
systems, and assemblies;
(3) Influence of design and construction scheduling,
(2) Importance of establishing appropriate and quantifiable
phasing, and sequencing of the work on the scope, adaptation,
thresholds of performance and clear and unambiguous defini-
implementation, and cost of the BECx process as defined in
tions of failure for enclosure-related materials, components,
this practice;
systems, and to allow for proper enforcement of the contract
(4) Influence of the experience, qualifications, technical
documents;
depth,andcommitmentofthedesignandconstructionteamsto
(3) Influence of modifications to the intended use and
the BECx process on the role and responsibilities of the
application of pre-construction laboratory and field test stan-
BECxP, the range and technical depth required of the BECx
dardsandmethodologyontheappropriateinterpretationoftest
group, and the anticipated scope and cost of the BECx process.
results and their relevance to the requirements of the contract
documents;
Including, but not limited to: Design-Build; Design-Bid-Build; Design-
Negotiate-Build; Construction Management, and; Owner-Build as defined by CSI As defined by the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI).
Project Resource Manual and Manual of Practice. Including, but not limited to integration with base building structural and
Including, but not limited to Single-Prime Contract and Multiple-Prime environmental control systems.
Contracts, with basis-of-payment provisions that may include: Stipulated/Lump Including the limitations associated with each test standard.
Sum; Cost-Plus Fee; Fixed Fee, and; Guaranteed Maximum Price, with penalties, Including remedial action required in the event of failure and the nature and
bonuses,andincentivesforearlycompletionoftheworkandliquidateddamagesfor extent of re-testing necessary to evaluate compliance of the repair(s) with the
any delays in substantial or final completion of the project. requirements of the contract documents.
E2813 − 18
(4) Importance of confirming the timely, clear, and unam- 5.1.1.4 Provide technical assistance to the Owner during the
biguous translation of all modifications to the design, development of a written OPR for enclosure materials,
construction, and integration of enclosure-related materials, components, systems, and assemblies in accordance with
components, systems, and assemblies arising from pre- Annex A1 of this practice, including at a minimum an
constructionlaboratorytestingtothefieldduringtheConstruc- evaluation of the interrelationship between the following
tion Phase of the BECx process; performance attributes and the relative influence of each on
(5) Importance of recognizing the distinction between er- enclosure, performance, and total cost of ownership:
rors and omissions in architectural or product design, or both, (1) Energy
versus defective installation or workmanship, or both, when (2) Environment
interpreting field test results, and; the techniques available (3) Safety
during the development and implementation of field testing (4) Security
protocols that will minimize the risk for confusion and misin- (5) Durability
terpretation relative to the requirements of the contract docu- (6) Sustainability
ments; (7) Operation
(6) Distinction between test standards and methodologies 5.1.1.5 Provide a summary of the preliminary BECx Plan
“recognized in the industry” or otherwise developed by indus- scope and budget to the Owner.
try or trade associations versus test standards developed by 5.1.2 Design Phase:
independent standards-writing organizations and the impact, if 5.1.2.1 Review and document the OPR and preliminary
any, on the enforcement of the contract documents when both BECx Plan developed during the Pre-Design phase of the
are included in the project specifications. BECx process;
5.1.2.2 Review and provide technical assistance during the
5. Procedure
development of the preliminary enclosure BOD;
5.1.2.3 Provide or otherwise coordinate the completion of
5.1 This practice establishes that the BECx process shall be
anindependentdesignreviewofenclosure-relatedconstruction
as outlined in ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 and Guide
document drawings and specifications based on the following
E2947 and include, at a minimum, the following:
sub-phases of the design process:
5.1.1 Pre-Design Phase:
5.1.1.1 Attend a project planning conference (“Kick-Off (1) Schematic Design
(2) Design Development
Meeting”);
5.1.1.2 Review the functional and programmatic require- (3) Construction Documents
5.1.2.4 Update, refine, and document the OPR, enclosure
ments for the project established by the Owner and AOR;
5.1.1.3 Review and discuss factors influencing enclosure BOD, and BECx Plan at the conclusion of each sub-phase of
the design process;
design, construction, long-term durability, serviceability, and
performance with the Owner and AOR (if retained), including 5.1.2.5 Establish appropriate and quantifiable enclosure-
related performance metrics, test standards, and test method-
at a minimum (see also Annex A1):
ology in accordance with Annex A2 for incorporation into the
(1) Anticipated construction type, importance factor, and
contract documents, including:
occupancy/use classification;
(1) Preconstruction laboratory mockups;
(2) Geographic location and climate;
(2) Field-constructed “off-structure” mockups;
(3) Site orientation, massing, and options for enclosure
(3) Field-constructed “on-structure,” first-installation
material selection, integration, and relative distribution at each
mockups;
building exposure that will consider:
(4) Field testing at milestone intervals during construction;
(a) Identification and apportionment of initial enclosure
(5) Post-occupancy evaluation and performance testing.
costs;
5.1.2.6 Provide a formal, written response to the position(s)
(b) Occupant comfort, productivity, and rate of return on
taken by theAOR and other contracted parties to the project in
initial investment;
response to BECxP/BECxG comments and recommendations,
(c) Enclosure long-term durability and performance;
(d) Costs associated with routine maintenance and energy including BECxP/BECxG recommendations not accepted by
theAOR and a summary discussion of the relative advantages,
use;
(e) Sustainable design objectives with long-term durabil-
ity and performance;
(f) Optimize acoustical requirements; and 33
Refer also to Guide E2947 for additional information regarding development
of the OPR document.
(g) Safety and security requirements.
The Design Phase is the BECxP minimum point-of-engagement required to
(4) Consideration of exemplars that may exist in the same
qualify as Fundamental BECx under this practice. Refer to ANSI/ASHRAE/IES
region or climate for which actual as-built enclosure perfor-
Standard 202 and Guide E2947 for additional steps associated with this phase of the
mance can be quantifiably evaluated.
BECx process.
Includingretro-activedevelopmentofawrittenOPRdocumentbasedoninput
provided by the Owner in circumstances where a formal written OPR may not exist
The Pre-Design Phase is the BECxP minimum point-of-engagement required but is required to qualify as Fundamental BECx under this practice.
to qualify as Enhanced BECx under this practice. Refer to ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Required to qualify for Enhanced BECx under this practice (optional for
Standard 202 and Guide E2947 for additional steps associated with this phase of the Fundamental BECx).
BECx process. Required to qualify for both Fundamental and Enhanced BECx.
E2813 − 18
disadvantages,andpotentialrisksassociatedwitheachofthose (6) Test standards and methodologies, performance
decisions on building enclosure durability, performance, and thresholds, appropriate interpretation of test results, and defi-
38 43
total cost of ownership. nitions of failure required in the contract documents;
5.1.2.7 Confirm documentation of the Design Phase OPR, (7) On-site construction observation and documentation
enclosureBOD,andBECxPlanforreviewandapprovalbythe
protocol established for the timely identification and remedia-
Owner. tion of hidden/concealed or otherwise unanticipated conditions
5.1.3 Bidding and Negotiation Phase:
in the field, enclosure-related product or installation defects,
5.1.3.1 Attend a Pre-Bid Conference to review the BECx and non-conforming work;
specification with prospective bidders;
(8) Modification or refinement of enclosure-related
5.1.3.2 Review and assist by providing Owner requested detailing, fabrication, installation requirements, or sequencing
evaluation of enclosure-related bidder requests for information
and coordination of trades, or a combination thereof, arising
or clarification and assist the AOR and Owner with the from pre-construction mock-up assembly and testing.
development of Addenda as appropriate;
5.1.4.3 Substantive participation during in-plant QA and
5.1.3.3 Review and assist with the evaluation of enclosure-
QC reviews including, at a minimum, review and documenta-
related contractor/subcontractor bids, including at a minimum:
tion of the methodology of:
(1) Scheduling, phasing, and coordination of trades;
(1) Industry standard quality control criteria that may be
(2) Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC)
applicable to the procurement or manufacture, or both, of the
programs;
materials, components, systems, and assemblies specified for
(3) Qualifications and Exclusions; and
the project;
(4) Substitutions and “Value Engineering” options.
(2) Methodology established to identify, track, and
5.1.3.4 Confirm documentation of the Pre-Construction
remediate, at milestone intervals during production, defective
Phase OPR, enclosure BOD, and BECx Plan for review and
and nonconforming work;
approval by the Owner.
(3) Product or project-specific in-house technical training
5.1.4 Construction Phase:
programs;
5.1.4.1 Technical assistance during the review of enclosure-
(4) In-house performance testing capabilities available for
related shop drawings and technical submittals for compliance
application to completed components and assemblies at mile-
with the contract documents;
stone intervals during production.
5.1.4.2 Substantive participation in a Pre-Construction
5.1.4.4 On-site construction observation and
Meeting and Pre-Installation Meetings with the GC, CM, and
documentation, including:
enclosure-related subcontractors and trades to review and
(1) Periodic observation, evaluation, and documentation of
document, at a minimum:
enclosure-related work in progress at representative locations
(1) Final approved OPR, enclosure BOD, and BECx Plan; 45
on the project for compliance with the contract documents;
(2) Status of all outstanding shop drawings and technical
(2) Development and distribution of field observation
submittals;
reports, field test reports, and related documentation as re-
(3) Schedule, phasing, and coordination of enclosure-
quired for timely and effective review and remedial action by
related subcontractors and trades; 46
the GC, CM, and appropriate subcontractors and trades;
(4) GC,CM,subcontractor,andenclosure-relatedtradeQA
(3) Coordination of and attendance at regularly scheduled
and QC programs;
BECx meetings with the GC, CM, and appropriate subcontrac-
(5) Subcontractorqualifications,exclusions,andconditions
tors and trades;
associated with the construction of a fully integrated building
enclosure that may influence product, material, or installation
warranties;
Including anticipated schedule for field testing and required coordination of
trades to fully complete the work at each test specimen prior to testing.
38 44
Documentation shall be provided as part of the updated OPR. Examples include inspection or quality control criteria, or both, established by
ReferenceANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 202 and Guide E2947 for additional AAMA, the Portland Cement Association, and similar organizations that are in
information. compliance with ISO 9000 and may be already required contractually or otherwise
Including, but not limited to, meetings in preparation for pre-construction have been adopted for use by the supplier/manufacturer to which this practice is
laboratoryorfield-constructed,orboth,mock-ups,“firstinstallation”mock-ups,and applied.
actual construction in the field. The number and frequency of site visits required will vary based upon the
Including, but not limited to, review and coordination of approved shop complexity of the project and nature/extent of the work-in-progress and shall be
drawings for accuracy, completeness, and coordination with adjacent trades at determined at the sole discretion of the BECxP, subject to review and approval by
enclosure interface conditions. the Owner.
42 46
Including, but not limited to, in-plant performance testing capabilities during TheBECxPshalldevelop,periodicallyupdate,andmaintainasummaryissues
production and milestone evaluation forms, checklists, and similar documentation and resolutions log including items identified during the Construction Phase of the
intended to support both off-site fabrication and on-site field quality control BECx process, and the actions taken by the construction team to address or
programs. otherwise remediate missing or non-conforming work.
E2813 − 18
(4) Review and documentation of enclosure-related field (2) Location and status of “open” or otherwise unresolved/
performancetestingatmilestoneintervalsthroughoutconstruc- undocumented remediation activities to address nonconform-
tion for compliance with the requirements of the contract ing work identified during construction and documented at
documents, including at a minimum: substantial completion of the project;
(a) Review and documentation of the design and con- (3) Estimated schedule for routine evaluation and mainte-
struction of all field-constructed test chambers and verification nance.
of current calibration of all test equipment as required by the 5.1.5.2 Perform a limited (nondestructive) visual condition
governing industry standard for the test method specified; survey, performance testing, and qualitative assessment of
(b) Review and clarification of test procedures and enclosure-related materials, components, systems, and assem-
methodology, performance thresholds, and definition(s) of blies at milestone intervals during applicable warranty periods
“non-compliance” or “failure” as required in the contract as outlined in the BECx schedule for routine evaluation and
documents. maintenance, or as requested by the Owner based on in-service
(5) Review and documentation of modifications to or performance;
further refinement of the contrac
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