IEC TS 62872-1:2019

IEC TS 62872-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2019-06
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION
colour
inside
Industrial-process measurement, control and automation –
Part 1: system interface between industrial facilities and the smart grid

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IEC TS 62872-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2019-06
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION
colour
inside
Industrial-process measurement, control and automation –

Part 1: system interface between industrial facilities and the smart grid

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 25.040.40; 29.240.99; 35.100.05 ISBN 978-2-8322-7084-4

– 2 – IEC TS 62872-1:2019 © IEC 2019
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 8
3.1 General . 9
3.2 Models in automation . 11
3.3 Models in energy management system and smart grid . 11
4 Abbreviated terms . 15
5 Requirements . 16
5.1 Considerations and approaches in industry . 16
5.1.1 General . 16
5.1.2 Approaches to maintain grid stability . 18
5.1.3 Price-based and incentive-based demand response . 18
5.2 Architecture requirements . 20
5.2.1 General . 20
5.2.2 Energy management in industrial facilities . 22
5.3 System interface mode between facility and smart grid . 25
5.4 Security requirements . 26
5.5 Safety requirements . 27
5.6 Communication requirements . 27
5.6.1 General . 27
5.6.2 Use of common communications technology . 27
5.6.3 Communication security requirements . 27
5.6.4 Network availability . 27
5.6.5 Time synchronization . 27
5.7 Audit logging requirements . 28
5.8 Information requirements . 28
5.8.1 General . 28
5.8.2 Information attributes . 28
5.8.3 Example of data and data type . 44
Annex A (normative) User stories and use cases . 47
A.1 General . 47
A.2 User stories . 47
A.3 Use cases . 49
A.3.1 Use case analysis . 49
A.3.2 Actor names and roles . 51
A.3.3 Use case descriptions . 54
Annex B (normative) Use cases of incentive-based DR programs . 73
B.1 General . 73
B.2 Use cases of incentive-based DR (IBDR) programs . 74
B.2.1 Use case analysis . 74
B.2.2 Use case description . 75
Annex C (informative) Example of an application of demand response energy
management model . 86
C.1 General . 86

C.2 Main architecture . 86
C.3 Structure of a task . 87
C.4 Approaches of energy management . 87
C.4.1 General . 87
C.4.2 Approach 1 . 88
C.4.3 Approach 2 . 88
C.5 Mapping industrial demand response energy management model to use
cases . 88
Annex D (normative) Security services . 90
Annex E (informative) Solutions for information requirement . 91
E.1 General . 91
E.2 Existing standards . 91
E.3 Analysis for each use case . 93
E.3.1 General . 93
E.3.2 Analysis of "OpenADR2.0b" (IEC 62746-10-1:2018) . 93
E.3.3 Analysis of "OASIS Energy Interoperation 1.0" . 95
E.3.4 Analysis of "NAESB Energy Services Provider Interface (ESPI)". 97
E.3.5 Analysis of "ISO 17800:2017 Facility Smart Grid Information Model”
(FSGIM) . 98
Bibliography . 100

Figure 1 – Overview of interface between FEMS and smart grid . 17
Figure 2 – General approach common today for grid management of DR . 19
Figure 3 – Example facility electric power distribution . 20
Figure 4 – Facility enterprise and control systems . 21
Figure 5 – Model elements . 23
Figure 6 – Model architecture . 23
Figure 7 – Network architecture model . 26
Figure A.1 – Use case overview . 51
Figure A.2 – Generic communication diagram between the smart grid and the FEMS . 51
Figure A.3 – Actors in role hierarchy (IEC 62264-1) . 52
Figure A.4 – Sequence diagram for FG-100 . 56
Figure A.5 – Sequence diagram for FG-200 . 58
Figure A.6 – Sequence diagram for FG-300 . 60
Figure A.7 – Sequence diagram for FG-400 . 61
Figure A.8 – Sequence diagram for FG-500 . 63
Figure A.9 – Sequence diagram for FG-600 . 64
Figure A.10 – Sequence diagram for FG-710 . 66
Figure A.11 – Sequence diagram for FG-720 . 68
Figure A.12 – Sequence diagram for FG-810 . 70
Figure A.13 – Sequence diagram for FG-820 . 72
Figure B.1 – Role of incentive-based demand response in electric system planning
and operations . 74
Figure B.2 – Sequence diagram for IBDR-1 (DLC) . 76
Figure B.3 – Sequence diagram for IBDR-2 (I/C) . 78
Figure B.4 – Sequence diagram for IBDR-3 (EDRP) . 79

– 4 – IEC TS 62872-1:2019 © IEC 2019
Figure B.5 – Sequence diagram for IBDR-4 (DB) . 81
Figure B.6 – Sequence diagram for IBDR-5 (CMP). 83
Figure B.7 – Sequence diagram for IBDR-6 (ASM) . 85
Figure C.1 – An application example of demand response energy management model . 86
Figure C.2 – Structure of water cooling task . 87
Figure E.1 – Interaction to register report . 93
Figure E.2 – Interaction to request report . 94
Figure E.3 – Simple setup exchange . 94

Table 1 – Required information . 29
Table 2 – Example of data and data type . 45
Table A.1 – Facility user stories: facility operation view points . 48
Table A.2 – Utility user stories: utility operation view points . 49
Table A.3 – Dependency between user stories and use cases . 50
Table A.4 – Actors and roles . 53
Table A.5 – Exchanged information in FG-100 . 56
Table A.6 – Exchanged information in FG-200 . 58
Table A.7 – Exchanged information in FG-300 . 60
Table A.8 – Exchanged information in FG-400 . 61
Table A.9 – Exchanged information in FG-500 . 63
Table A.10 – Exchanged information in FG-600 . 64
Table A.11 – Exchanged information in FG-710 . 66
Table A.12 – Exchanged information in FG-720 . 68
Table A.13 – Exchanged information in FG-810 . 70
Table A.14 – Exchanged information in FG-820 . 72
Table B.1 – Dependency between user stories and use cases . 75
Table B.2 – Exchanged information in IBDR-1 (DLC) . 76
Table B.3 – Exchanged information in IBDR-2 (I/C) . 78
Table B.4 – Exchanged information in IBDR-3 (EDRP) . 80
Table B.5 – Exchanged information in IBDR-4 (DB) . 81
Table B.6 – Exchanged information in IBDR-5 (CMP). 83
Table B.7 – Exchanged information in IBDR-6 (ASM) . 85
Table E.1 – Overview of existing standard applicability . 92

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
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INDUSTRIAL-PROCESS MEASUREMENT, CONTROL AND AUTOMATION –

Part 1: system interface between industrial facilities and the smart grid

FOREWORD
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The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In
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specification when
• the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard,
despite repeated efforts, or
• the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the
future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard.
Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide
whether they can be transformed into International Standards.
IEC TS 62872-1, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical
committee 65: Industrial-process measurement, control and automation.
This first edition edition cancels and replaces IEC TS 62872, published in 2015. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.

– 6 – IEC TS 62872-1:2019 © IEC 2019
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC TS 62872:
• Normative references, Terms and definitions, and Abbreviations were updated;
• Subclause 5.1 was reformulated with price-based and incentive-based demand response;
• Subclause 5.8.3 “Example of data and data type” was added;
• New actors were added in Annex A;
• Use cases FG-7xx and FG-8xx were added in Annex A;
• Annex B “Use cases of incentive-based DR programs” was added.
The text of this Technical Specification is based on the following documents:
Enquiry draft Report on voting
65/731/DTS 65/743/RVDTS
Full information on the voting for the approval of this Technical Specification can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A review of this document will be carried out not later than 3 years after its publication with
the options of: extension for another 3 years; conversion into an International Standard; or
withdrawal.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
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INTRODUCTION
The World Energy Outlook 2017 [19] reported that industry consumed over 40 % of world
electricity generation in 2015. Furthermore, industry itself is a significant generator of internal
power, with many facilities increasingly implementing their own generation, co-generation and
energy storage resources. As a major energy consumer, the ability of some industries to
schedule their consumption can be used to minimize peak demands on the electrical grid. As
an energy supplier, industries with in-house generation or storage resources can also assist
in grid load management. While some larger industrial facilities already manage their use and
supply of electric power, more widespread deployment, especially by smaller facilities, will
depend upon the availability of a readily available standard interface between industrial
automation equipment and the “smart grid”.
NOTE In this document “smart grid” is used to refer to the external-to-industry entity with which industry interacts
for the purpose of energy management. In other documents this term can be used to refer to all of the elements,
including internal industrial energy elements, which work together to optimize energy generation and use.
Industry is a major consumer of electric power and in many cases this consumption can be
scheduled to assist in minimizing overall peak demands on the smart grid. In addition, many
industrial facilities have in-house generation or storage resources. These facilities can assist
in smart grid load and supply management. For example, in-house generation can supply
energy to the smart grid and to the facility. Furthermore, storage resources can assist in smart
grid load management. While some larger industrial facilities already manage their use and
supply of electric power, more widespread deployment, especially by smaller facilities, will
depend upon the availability of readily available standard automated interfaces.
Standards are already being developed for home and building automation interfaces to the
smart grid; however, the requirements of industry differ significantly and are addressed in this
document. For industry, the planning of energy resources and production processes are under
the responsibility of the facility energy planner and production planner and the operations are
under the responsibility of the facility energy operator and production operator.
Incorrect operation of a resource could impact the safety of personnel, the facility, the
environment or lead to production failure and equipment damage. In addition, larger facilities
may have in-house production planning capabilities which might be co-ordinated with smart
grid planning, to allow longer term energy planning.
—————————
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.

– 8 – IEC TS 62872-1:2019 © IEC 2019
INDUSTRIAL-PROCESS MEASUREMENT, CONTROL AND AUTOMATION –

Part 1: system interface between industrial facilities and the smart grid

1 Scope
This part of IEC 62872 defines the interface, in terms of information flow, between industrial
facilities and the “smart grid”. It identifies, profiles and extends where required, the standards
needed to allow the exchange of the information needed to support the planning, management
and control of electric energy flow between the industrial facility and the smart grid.
The scope of this document specifically excludes the protocols needed for the direct control of
energy resources within a facility where the control and ultimate liability for such control is
delegated by the industrial facility to the external entity (e.g. distributed energy resource
(DER) control by the electrical grid operator).
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 62264-1:2013, Enterprise-control system integration – Part 1: Models and terminology
IEC 62443 (all parts), Industrial communication networks – Network and system security
IEC TS 62443-1-1:2009, Industrial communication networks – Network and system security –
Part 1-1: Terminology, concepts and models
IEC 62443-2-1, Industrial communication networks – Network and system security – Part 2-1:
Establishing an industrial automation and control system security program
IEC TR 62443-3-1, Industrial communication networks – Network and system security –
Part 3-1: Security technologies for industrial automation and control systems
IEC 62443-3-3, Industrial communication networks – Network and system security – Part 3-3:
System security requirements and security levels
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp

3.1 General
3.1.1
profile
set of one or more base standards and/or other profiles and, where applicable, the
identification of chosen classes, conforming subsets, options and parameters of those base
standards, or profiles necessary to accomplish a particular function
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC TR 10000-1:1998, 3.1.4, modified – "ISPs" has been replaced by
"profiles".]
3.1.2
level
group of functions categorized with the functional hierarchy model of production systems
defined in IEC 62264-1
Note 1 to entry: The highest level, Level 4, typically includes enterprise resource planning and similar functions,
while the lowest level, Level 0, represents the physical industrial process itself.
3.1.3
level 4
functions involved in the business-related activities needed to manage a manufacturing
organization
[SOURCE: IEC 62264-1:2013, 3.1.16]
3.1.4
level 3
functions involved in managing the work flows to produce the desired end-products
[SOURCE: IEC 62264-1:2013, 3.1.17]
3.1.5
level 2
functions involved in monitoring and controlling of the physical process
[SOURCE: IEC 62264-1:2013, 3.1.17]
3.1.6
level 1
functions involved in sensing and manipulating the physical process
[SOURCE: IEC 62264-1:2013, 3.1.18]
3.1.7
level 0
actual physical process
[SOURCE: IEC 62264-1:2013, 3.1.19]
3.1.8
enterprise
one or more organizations sharing a definite mission, goals and objectives which provides an
output such as a product or service
[SOURCE: IEC 62264-1:2013, 3.1.10]

– 10 – IEC TS 62872-1:2019 © IEC 2019
3.1.9
area
physical, geographical or logical grouping of resources determined by the site
[SOURCE: IEC 62264-1:2013, 3.1.2, modified – The example has been removed.]
3.1.10
site
identified physical, geographical, and/or logical component grouping of a manufacturing
enterprise
[SOURCE: IEC 62264-1:2013, 3.1.39]
3.1.11
facility
industrial facility
site, or area within a site, that includes the resources within the site or area and includes the
activities associated with the use of the resources
[SOURCE: IEC 62264-1:2013, 3.1.20, modified – The preferred term facility and the admitted
term industrial facility have been replaced by facility.]
3.1.12
planner
facility energy planner
entity responsible for the advanced planning of facility energy use, storage and generation,
taking into account the requirements of future production and the overall operation of the
facility
Note 1 to entry: The facility energy planner is responsible for defining the overall future energy plan for the facility,
to include both the energy requirements of production and the overall needs and capabilities of the facility to
generate, store, and consume energy.
Note 2 to entry: Plans developed by the facility energy planner will typically be made at least a day prior to
intended use.
Note 3 to entry: The facility energy planner will assemble the overall energy plan based on the individual plans
developed by production planners and the non-production requirements and capabilities of the facility.
3.1.13
production planner
entity responsible for developing, monitoring and modifying the production plan based on
facility requirements and the availability of inputs
Note 1 to entry: Example of inputs are equipment, labour, raw materials and energy.
3.1.14
facility energy operator
entity responsible for the minute by minute supply of energy to support current production and
current facility operation
Note 1 to entry: The facility energy operator monitors facility energy use, generation and storage, and makes
adjustments in response to changes related to shifting energy supplies, material disruptions, and equipment
breakdowns.
3.1.15
production operator
entity responsible for the minute by minute use of energy to carry out production plans, and
authorized to respond to real-time changes based on feed-back from the process and other
internal or external event
Note 1 to entry: The production plan is given from production planner.

3.2 Models in automation
3.2.1
asset
physical or logical object owned by or under the custodial duties of an organization, having
either a perceived or actual value to the organization
Note 1 to entry: In the case of industrial automation and control systems the physical assets that have the largest
directly measurable value may be the equipment under control.
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62443-1-1:2009, 3.2.6]
3.2.2
automation asset
asset with a defined automation role in a manufacturing or process plant
Note 1 to entry: It would include structural, mechanical, electrical, electronics and software elements (e.g.
controllers, switches, network, drives, motors, pumps). These elements cover components, devices but not the
plant itself (machine, systems). It would not include human resources, process materials (e.g. raw, in-process,
finished), or financial assets.
3.2.3
process
set of interrelated or interacting activities that transforms inputs into outputs
[SOURCE: ISO 14040:2006, 3.11]
3.2.4
product
result of labour or of a natural or industrial process
Note 1 to entry: This term is defined by "any goods or service" in IEC 62430 [11] and ISO 20140-1 [18]. The
European Commission adopts a similar understanding in the directive "Ecodesign requirements for energy-related
products". In the context of this document, the term "product" does not cover the automation assets but only the
output of the manufacturing or process plant.
[SOURCE: IEC TR 62837:2013, 3.7.7]
3.3 Models in energy management system and smart grid
3.3.1
smart grid
SG
electric power system that utilizes information exchange and control technologies, distributed
computing and associated sensors and actuators, for purposes such as to integrate the
behaviour and actions of the network users and other stakeholders, and to efficiently deliver
sustainable, economic and secure electricity supplies
Note 1 to entry: In this document, smart grid is the counterpart system to which FEMS is connected.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-617:2011, 617-04-13, modified by adding abbreviation and Note 1 to
entry]
3.3.2
smart meter
SM
embedded-computer-based energy meter with a communication link
Note 1 to entry: In this document smart meters are used to measure both the consumption and supply of energy
by the facility. They may also be deployed within the facility to measure internal energy flows.

– 12 – IEC TS 62872-1:2019 © IEC 2019
3.3.3
utility smart meter
USM
smart meter deployed by the utility company to measure energy consumption and supply by
the facility
Note 1 to entry: This meter typically forms part of the advanced metering infrastructure of smart grid.
3.3.4
facility smart meter
FSM
smart meter deployed and used by the facility to measure energy flows
Note 1 to entry: This meter will normally communicate with the FEMS.
3.3.5
distributed energy resource
DER
energy resource, often of a small size, operated by the utility to augment the local supply of
energy
Note 1 to entry: In this document, DER, in contrast to FER, is used to refer to resources under the direct control
of the utility. Such resources may include generation and/or storage capabilities.
3.3.6
facility energy resource
FER
energy resource, operated by the facility, which is used to supply energy to the facility and
which may also be used to provide energy to the grid
Note 1 to entry: This terminology, rather than distributed energy resource (DER) terminology, is used to
emphasize that the FER is operated by the facility and not under the direct control of the utility. Such resources
may include generation and/or storage capabilities.
3.3.7
demand response
DR
mechanism to manage customer load demand in response to supply conditions, such as
prices or availability signals
3.3.8
price-based demand response
PBDR
mechanism that give customers time-varying rates that reflect the value and cost of electricity
in different time periods
Note 1 to entry: Armed with this information, customers tend to use less electricity at times when electricity prices
are high.
3.3.9
time of use
TOU
rate with different unit prices for usage during different blocks of time, usually defined for a
24-hour day
Note 1 to entry: TOU rates reflect the average cost of generating and delivering power during those time periods.
3.3.10
day-ahead price
DAP
rate notified on a day-ahead basis, in which the price for electricity fluctuates hourly reflecting
changes in the wholesale price of electricity

3.3.11
real-time price
RTP
rate notified on hourly-ahead basis, in which the price for electricity fluctuates hourly
reflecting changes in the wholesale price of electricity
3.3.12
incentive-based demand response
IBDR
mechanism supported by soliciting demand response behaviour, commitment to agreed
demand response and programs that pay participating customers to reduce their loads at
times requested by the program sponsor
Note 1 to entry: The no-participation in solicited demand response behaviour does not incur any penalty;
examples are DLC and EDRP.
Note 2 to entry: The no-participation in committed agreed demand response behaviour entails a penalty;
examples are I/C, DB, CMP and ASM.
3.3.13
direct load control
DLC
one of IBDR programs, in which the SG operator remotely shuts down the load of a facility to
address system reliability contingencies, in exchange of paying the facility participation
payment in advance
3.3.14
interruptible/curtailable load
I/C
one of IBDR programs, in which the SG operator issues “incentive” to a facility for agreeing to
reduce load during system contingencies, a facility will be penalized if it does not reduce load
3.3.15
emergency demand response program
EDRP
one of IBDR programs, in which the SG operator provides incentive payment to a facility for
measured load reduction during a reliability-triggered event, no penalty is imposed if the
facility does not respond
3.3.16
demand bidding
DB
one of IBDR programs, in which the SG operator allows a facility to bid load reduction into the
energy market, a facility with accepted bid shall reduce load as contracted, otherwise it faces
a penalty
3.3.17
capacity market program
CMP
one of IBDR programs, in which the SG operator provides a facility with guaranteed payment
for committing to provide predefined load reduction as the system capacity, a facility will face
a penalty if it does not reduce load during a DR event
3.3.18
ancillary service market
ASM
one of IBDR programs, in which the SG operator allows a qualified facility to bid load
reduction into the ancillary market as operating reserves, a facility with accepted bid shall
curtail load when called by the SG operator, otherwise it faces a penalty

– 14 – IEC TS 62872-1:2019 © IEC 2019
3.3.19
facility energy management system
FEMS
system providing the functionality needed for the effective and efficient operation of energy
generation, storage and consumption within the industrial facility, and which provides the
necessary information interface with the smart grid
[SOURCE: IEC TS 61968-2:2011, 2.101, modified – The definition has been rewritten]
3.3.20
utility gateway
UG
function within FEMS responsible for the connection with the smart grid
Note 1 to entry: It is a function within FEMS.
3.3.21
energy generation system
EGS
energy resource capable of creating electric energy from other sources of energy or process
wastes
EXAMPLE Combined heat and power systems, photo-voltaic cells, wind power generators.
3.3.22
energy storage system
ESS
energy resource capable of storing energy for later use
EXAMPLE Batteries, flywheels, pumped hydro storage, electrical vehicles, fuel cells.
3.3.23
facility power line
FPL
network, which distributes energy to individual industrial equipment within a facility
3.3.24
schedulable processing task
ST
task for which energy demand can be scheduled among multiple operating modes, where
each mode has a different production rate and energy demand, such as heating, cooling,
packaging, etc.
3.3.25
non-schedulable processing task
NST
task for which energy demand shall be satisfied immediately, such as rolling in steel
manufacturing, assembling in automobile industry, etc.
3.3.26
monitor and control agent
MCA
agent that monitors and controls processing operations of a task
3.3.27
energy management agent
EMA
agent that monitors the energy consumption and controls the electric load of a task

3.3.28
power source switch
switch which selects the energy source of a task
3.3.29
non-shiftable equipment
NSE
equipment whose operation cannot be re-scheduled
3.3.30
controllable equipment
CE
equipment whose energy demand can be controlled among multiple operating levels, each of
which has a different energy demand
3.3.31
shiftable equipment
SE
equipment that can be operated at an earlier or later time
3.3.32
firewall
inter-network connection device that restricts data communication traffic between two
connected networks
4 Abbreviated terms
APO Advanced Planning and Optimization
ASM Ancillary Service Market
CE Controllable Equipment
CHP Combined Heat and Power (co-generation) Equipment
CMM Computerized Maintenance Management
CMP Capacity Market Program
DAP Day-ahead Price
DB Demand Bidding
DCS Distributed Control System
DER Distributed Energy Resource
DLC Direct Load Control
DR Demand Response
EDRP Emergency Demand Response Program
EGS Energy Generation System
EMA Energy Management Agent
EMS Energy Management System
ERP Enterprise Resource Planning
ESS Energy Storage System
FEMS Facility Energy Management System
FER Facility Energy Resource
FG Facility-Grid (Use Case)
FSM Facility Smart Meter
FUS Facility User Story
– 16 – IEC TS 62872-1:2019 © IEC 2019
GW Utility Gateway
HMI Human Machine Interface
IBDR Incentive-based Demand Response
I/C Interruptible/curtailable Load
I/O Input Output
ICT Information and Communications Technology
LAN Local Area Network
LIMS Laboratory Information Management System
MCA Monitor and Control Agent
MES Manufacturing Execution System
NSE Non-shiftable Equipment
NST Non-schedulable Processing Task
PBDR Price-based Demand Response
PLC Programmable Logic Controller
PV Photo Voltaic
RTP Real-time price
SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
SE Shiftable Equipment
SG Smart Grid
SM Smart Meter
ST Schedulable Processing
...