IEC 62682:2022
(Main)Management of alarm systems for the process industries
Management of alarm systems for the process industries
IEC 62682:2022 specifies general principles and processes for the management of alarm systems based on controls system and human-machine interfaces (HMI) for facilities in the process industries. It covers all alarms to be presented to the operator through the control system, which includes alarms from basic process control systems, annunciators, packaged systems, and safety instrumented systems.
The practices in this document are applicable to continuous, batch, and discrete processes. There can be differences in implementation to meet the specific needs based on process type.
The primary function within the alarm system is to notify operators of abnormal process conditions or equipment malfunctions and support the response. The alarm systems can include both the basic process control system (BPCS) and the safety instrumented system (SIS), each of which uses measurements of process conditions and logic to generate alarms. Figure 1 illustrates the concepts of alarm and response dataflow through the alarm system. The alarm system also includes a mechanism for communicating the alarm information to the operator via an HMI, usually a computer screen or an annunciator. Additional functions of the alarm system are an alarm and event log, an alarm historian, and the generation of performance metrics for the alarm system. There are external systems that can use the data from the alarm system.
Gestion de systèmes d'alarme dans les industries de transformation
L'IEC 62682:2022 spécifie les principes et les processus généraux pour la gestion de systèmes d’alarme basés sur des systèmes de commande et des interfaces homme-machine (IHM) pour des moyens dans les industries de transformation. Il couvre toutes les alarmes présentées à l’opérateur par le système de commande, qui incluent les systèmes de commande de processus de base, les annonceurs, les systèmes conditionnés et les systèmes instrumentés de sécurité.
Les pratiques dans le présent document sont applicables aux processus continus, aux processus par lots et aux processus discrets. Il peut y avoir des différences de mise en œuvre pour satisfaire aux besoins spécifiques en fonction du type de processus.
La fonction première du système d’alarme est de notifier aux opérateurs les conditions de processus anormales ou les dysfonctionnements du matériel et d’aider à leur résolution. Les systèmes d’alarme peuvent inclure tant le système de commande de processus de base (BPCS) que le système instrumenté de sécurité (SIS), qui utilisent chacun les mesures des conditions de processus et une logique pour produire des alarmes. La Figure 1 représente les concepts d’alarme et de flux de données de réponse dans le système d’alarme. Le système d’alarme inclut également un mécanisme pour communiquer les informations d’alarme à l’opérateur par l’intermédiaire d’une IHM, habituellement un écran de calculateur ou un annonceur. Les fonctions supplémentaires du système d’alarme consistent en un journal des alarmes et des événements, un historique des alarmes et la production d’une métrique de performances pour le système d’alarme. Il existe des systèmes externes qui peuvent utiliser les données issues du système d’alarme.
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IEC 62682 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-12
COMMENTED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Management of alarm systems for the process industries
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
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International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
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IEC 62682 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-12
COMMENTED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Management of alarm systems for the process industries
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 13.320; 25.040.40 ISBN 978-2-8322-6270-2
– 2 – IEC 62682:2022 CMV © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD .9
INTRODUCTION . 11
1 Scope . 12
1.1 General applicability . 12
1.2 Exclusions and inclusions . 14
1.2.1 Operators . 14
1.2.2 Process sensors and final control elements . 14
1.2.3 Annunciators . 14
1.2.4 Human machine interface . 14
1.2.5 Safety instrumented systems . 14
1.2.6 Fire and gas detection and protective systems . 14
1.2.7 Security systems . 14
1.2.8 Packaged systems. 14
1.2.9 Event data . 15
1.2.10 Alarm identification methods . 15
1.2.11 Management of change . 15
1.2.12 Purchase specification . 15
2 Normative references . 15
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 15
3.1 Terms and definitions . 15
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 25
4 Conformance to this document . 26
4.1 Conformance guidance . 26
4.2 Existing systems . 26
4.3 Use of required functionalities . 26
4.4 Responsibility . 26
4.5 Local Jurisdictions . 26
5 Alarm system models . 26
5.1 Alarm systems . 26
5.2 Alarm management life cycle . 26
5.2.1 Alarm management life cycle model . 26
5.2.2 Alarm management life cycle stages . 28
5.2.3 Alarm management life cycle entry points . 31
5.2.4 Simultaneous and encompassing stages . 31
5.2.5 Alarm management life cycle loops . 31
5.2.6 Alarm management life cycle stage inputs and outputs . 32
5.3 Alarm states . 33
5.3.1 Alarm state transition diagram. 33
5.3.2 Alarm states . 35
5.3.3 Alarm state transition paths . 37
5.4 Alarm response timeline. 38
5.4.1 General . 38
5.4.2 Normal (A) . 39
5.4.3 Unacknowledged (B). 39
5.4.4 Acknowledged (C) and response . 39
5.4.5 Return-to-normal (D) . 40
5.4.6 Allowable response time . 40
5.4.7 Alarm setpoint . 40
5.4.8 Consequence threshold . 40
5.4.9 Alarm deadband . 40
5.5 Feedback model of operator-process interaction . 40
5.5.1 General . 40
5.5.2 Detect . 41
5.5.3 Diagnose . 41
5.5.4 Respond . 41
5.5.5 Performance shaping factors . 41
6 Alarm philosophy . 42
6.1 Purpose . 42
6.2 Alarm philosophy contents . 42
6.2.1 General . 42
6.2.2 Purpose of alarm system . 43
6.2.3 Definitions . 43
6.2.4 References. 43
6.2.5 Roles and responsibilities for alarm management . 43
6.2.6 Alarm design principles . 44
6.2.7 Alarm setpoint determination. 44
6.2.8 Prioritization method . 44
6.2.9 Alarm class definition. 44
6.2.10 Highly managed alarms . 44
6.2.11 Rationalization . 45
6.2.12 Alarm documentation . 45
6.2.13 Alarm design guidance . 45
6.2.14 Specific alarm design considerations. 46
6.2.15 HMI design principles . 46
6.2.16 Approved enhanced and advanced alarming techniques . 46
6.2.17 Implementation guidance . 46
6.2.18 Alarm response procedures . 46
6.2.19 Training . 47
6.2.20 Alarm shelving. 47
6.2.21 Alarm system maintenance . 47
6.2.22 Testing of the alarm system alarms . 47
6.2.23 Alarm system performance monitoring . 47
6.2.24 Alarm history preservation . 48
6.2.25 Management of change . 48
6.2.26 Alarm system management audit . 48
6.2.27 Related site procedures . 48
6.3 Alarm philosophy development and maintenance . 49
7 Alarm system requirements specification . 49
7.1 Purpose . 49
7.2 Recommendations . 49
7.3 Development . 50
7.4 Systems evaluation. 50
7.5 Packaged systems . 50
7.6 Customization . 50
7.7 Alarm system requirements testing verification . 51
– 4 – IEC 62682:2022 CMV © IEC 2022
8 Identification . 51
8.1 Purpose . 51
8.2 Alarm identification methods . 51
8.3 Identification training . 51
8.4 Identification documentation . 51
9 Rationali
...
IEC 62682 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Management of alarm systems for the process industries
Gestion de systèmes d’alarme dans les industries de transformation
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie
et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'IEC ou du Comité national de l'IEC du pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des
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les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence.
IEC Secretariat Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC Products & Services Portal - products.iec.ch
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a Discover our powerful search engine and read freely all the
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical publications previews. With a subscription you will always
committee, …). It also gives information on projects, replaced have access to up to date content tailored to your needs.
and withdrawn publications.
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IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published
containing more than 22 300 terminological entries in English
details all new publications released. Available online and
and French, with equivalent terms in 19 additional languages.
once a month by email.
Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
(IEV) online.
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IEC 62682 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Management of alarm systems for the process industries
Gestion de systèmes d’alarme dans les industries de transformation
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 13.320; 25.040.40 ISBN 978-2-8322-5885-9
– 2 – IEC 62682:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 9
INTRODUCTION . 11
1 Scope . 12
1.1 General applicability . 12
1.2 Exclusions and inclusions . 13
1.2.1 Operators . 13
1.2.2 Process sensors and final control elements . 13
1.2.3 Annunciators . 13
1.2.4 Human machine interface . 13
1.2.5 Safety instrumented systems . 14
1.2.6 Fire and gas detection and protective systems . 14
1.2.7 Security systems . 14
1.2.8 Packaged systems . 14
1.2.9 Event data . 14
1.2.10 Alarm identification methods . 14
1.2.11 Management of change . 14
1.2.12 Purchase specification . 14
2 Normative references . 14
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 15
3.1 Terms and definitions . 15
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 24
4 Conformance to this document . 25
4.1 Conformance guidance . 25
4.2 Existing systems . 25
4.3 Use of required functionalities . 25
4.4 Responsibility . 25
4.5 Local Jurisdictions . 25
5 Alarm system models . 25
5.1 Alarm systems . 25
5.2 Alarm management life cycle . 25
5.2.1 Alarm management life cycle model . 25
5.2.2 Alarm management life cycle stages . 26
5.2.3 Alarm management life cycle entry points . 29
5.2.4 Simultaneous and encompassing stages . 29
5.2.5 Alarm management life cycle loops . 29
5.2.6 Alarm management life cycle stage inputs and outputs . 30
5.3 Alarm states . 31
5.3.1 Alarm state transition diagram . 31
5.3.2 Alarm states . 32
5.3.3 Alarm state transition paths . 34
5.4 Alarm response timeline . 35
5.4.1 General . 35
5.4.2 Normal (A) . 36
5.4.3 Unacknowledged (B) . 36
5.4.4 Acknowledged (C) and response . 36
5.4.5 Return-to-normal (D). 37
5.4.6 Allowable response time . 37
5.4.7 Alarm setpoint . 37
5.4.8 Consequence threshold . 37
5.4.9 Alarm deadband . 37
5.5 Feedback model of operator-process interaction . 37
5.5.1 General . 37
5.5.2 Detect . 38
5.5.3 Diagnose . 38
5.5.4 Respond . 38
5.5.5 Performance shaping factors . 38
6 Alarm philosophy . 39
6.1 Purpose . 39
6.2 Alarm philosophy contents . 39
6.2.1 General . 39
6.2.2 Purpose of alarm system . 40
6.2.3 Definitions . 40
6.2.4 References . 40
6.2.5 Roles and responsibilities for alarm management . 40
6.2.6 Alarm design principles . 40
6.2.7 Alarm setpoint determination . 41
6.2.8 Prioritization method . 41
6.2.9 Alarm class definition. 41
6.2.10 Highly managed alarms . 41
6.2.11 Rationalization . 41
6.2.12 Alarm documentation . 42
6.2.13 Alarm design guidance . 42
6.2.14 Specific alarm design considerations . 42
6.2.15 HMI design principles . 42
6.2.16 Approved enhanced and advanced alarming techniques . 43
6.2.17 Implementation guidance . 43
6.2.18 Alarm response procedures . 43
6.2.19 Training .
...
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