ASTM D5681-98a

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Designation: D 5681 – 98a
Standard Terminology for
1
Waste and Waste Management
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5681; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ash n—the residue remaining after ignition of a substance as
determined by definite prescribed methods.
1.1 This terminology contains standard definitions of terms
used in the general area of waste and waste management. It is
DISCUSSION—Ash may not be identical in composition or quantity
intended to promote understanding by providing precise tech-
with the inorganic substances present in the analysis sample before
ignition.
nical definitions of terms used in the standards developed by
Committee D-34 and its subcommittees.
calorimeter jacket, n—the insulating medium surrounding a
1.2 Terms used only within an individual standard, and
calorimeter.
having a meaning unique to that standard, may be defined or
calorific value, n—the heat produced by combustion of a unit
explained in the terminology section of that individual stan-
quantity of a specimen under specified conditions.
dard.
characteristic product size, n—the screen size corresponding
to 63.2 % cumulative passing by mass.
2. Referenced Documents
combustibles, n—the portion of a sample which is consumed
2.1 ASTM Standards:
by oxidation upon ignition and exclusive of the moisture
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
present in the sample.
2
ASTM Test Methods
corrected temperature rise, n—the increase in temperature of
2
E 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
the calorimeter caused by the process that occurs inside the
bomb; the observed temperature change corrected for vari-
3. Terminology
ous effects.
accepts, n—the output stream from a materials separation
dispose, v—to discard, abandon, or manage as waste.
device that contains the highest concentration (purity) of the
dry ash-free basis, n—test data calculated to a theoretical base
components that the device is designed to separate.
of no moisture or ash associated with the sample.
adiabatic calorimeter, n—a calorimeter that has a jacket
dry basis, n—test data calculated to a theoretical base of no
temperature adjusted to follow the calorimeter temperature
moisture associated with the sample.
as closely as possible so as to maintain zero thermal head.
duplicate analysis,n—paired determinations on the same
analysis sample, n—the final subsample prepared from the
sample performed by one analyst at essentially the same
air-dried laboratory sample but reduced in particle size by
time.
passing through a mill with a 0.5 mm (0.02–in.) size or
energy equivalent, n—the energy required to raise the tem-
smaller final screen.
perature of a calorimeter system 1°C (or 1°F) per gram of
as-determined basis, n—analytical data obtained from an
sample.
analysis sample after conditioning and preparation which
fill material, n—material used in the construction of a struc-
represent the numerical values obtained at the particular
tural fill.
moisture and ash level in the sample at the time of analysis.
fixed carbon, n—the ash-free carbonous material that remains
as-received basis, n—test data calculated to the condition of
after volatile matter is driven off during the proximate
the sample as it arrived in the laboratory and before any
analysis of a dry sample.
laboratory processing or conditioning.
flint glass cullet, n—a particulate glass material that contains
no more than 0.1 mass percent Fe O , or 0.0015 mass
2 3
percent Cr O , as determined by chemical analysis.
2 3
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fluid temperature, FT, n—in ash fusion determinations, the
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-34 on Waste
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.94 on Terminol-
temperature at which a fused mass has spread out in a nearly
ogy.
flat layer with maximum height of 1.6 mm (1/16 in.).
Current edition approved June 10, 1998. Published December 1998. Originally
gross calorific value, (gross heat of combustion), Q (gross),
published as D 5681–95. Last previous edition D 5681–98. v
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. n—the heat produced by combustion of unit quantity of a
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D 5681
solid or liquid specimen when burned at constant volume in where waste is treated, stored, of disposed as part of an
an oxygen bomb calorimeter under specified conditions with on-going operation.
the resulting water condensed to a l
...