ASTM D5681-23
(Terminology)Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This terminology defines terms and specialized meanings of terms in the subject areas of waste and management of waste.
3.2 This terminology is not intended for subjects other than waste and waste management. For terms applicable to other subject areas, the appropriate terminology standard(s) should be consulted. See the current edition of the Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions4 and the list of terminology standards cited therein.
3.3 Standards relating to subcategories of waste or waste management may use terms defined more narrowly than those included here. The more specialized terminology standards relating to the applicable specific subcategory, or terms defined within individual standards, or both, should be consulted for the exact meaning intended within a given standard.
3.4 The Thesaurus on Resource Recovery Terminology (Special Technical Publication (STP) 832)5 contains many terms and may be useful for those not listed in terminology standards. However, a definition in a standard terminology shall be considered governing when the term is used in the sense or meaning defined therein.
3.5 Statistical terms are not defined in this terminology to the extent that the terms, when used regarding waste and management of waste, have the same meanings as in Practice E177 or Terminology E456.
3.6 Regulatory terms are often developed by regulatory agencies for special regulatory purposes and may have technical content or meaning different from terms defined herein. When a regulatory term exists that differs in meaning from a term given here, the regulatory term should be considered to take precedence for regulatory matters.
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains standard definitions of terms used in the general area of waste and waste management. It is intended to promote understanding by providing precise technical definitions of terms used in the standards developed by Committee D34 and its subcommittees.
1.2 Terms used only within an individual standard, and having a meaning unique to that standard, may be defined or explained in the terminology section of that individual standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5681 − 23
Standard Terminology for
1
Waste and Waste Management
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5681; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope umn Apparatus (Withdrawn 2021)
D5120 Test Method for Inhibition of Respiration in Micro-
1.1 This terminology contains standard definitions of terms
bial Cultures in the Activated Sludge Process (Withdrawn
used in the general area of waste and waste management. It is
3
2014)
intended to promote understanding by providing precise tech-
D5231 Test Method for Determination of the Composition
nical definitions of terms used in the standards developed by
of Unprocessed Municipal Solid Waste
Committee D34 and its subcommittees.
D5285 Test Method for 24-Hour Batch-Type Measurement
1.2 Terms used only within an individual standard, and
of Volatile Organic Sorption by Soils and Sediments
3
having a meaning unique to that standard, may be defined or
(Withdrawn 2008)
explained in the terminology section of that individual stan-
D5368 Test Methods for Gravimetric Determination of Total
dard.
Solvent Extractable Content (TSEC) of Solid Waste
3
Samples (Withdrawn 2014)
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D5369 Practice for Extraction of Solid Waste Samples for
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Chemical Analysis Using Soxhlet Extraction (Withdrawn
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3
2016)
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
D5468 Test Method for Gross Calorific and Ash Value of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3
Waste Materials (Withdrawn 2016)
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
D5660 Test Method for Assessing the Microbial Detoxifica-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
tion of Chemically Contaminated Water and Soil Using a
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Toxicity Test with a Luminescent Marine Bacterium
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3
(Withdrawn 2014)
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D5679 Practice for Sampling Consolidated Solids in Drums
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
or Similar Containers
D5680 Practice for Sampling Unconsolidated Solids in
2. Referenced Documents
Drums or Similar Containers
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5743 Practice for Sampling Single or Multilayered
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
Liquids, with or Without Solids, in Drums or Similar
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
Containers
D4448 Guide for Sampling Ground-Water Monitoring Wells
D5744 Test Method for Laboratory Weathering of Solid
D4646 Test Method for 24-h Batch-Type Measurement of
Materials Using a Humidity Cell
Contaminant Sorption by Soils and Sediments
D5745 Guide for Developing and Implementing Interim and
D4790 Terminology of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related
Early Actions for Waste Contamination Site Remediation
Chemicals
D5746 Classification of Environmental Condition of Prop-
D4874 Test Method for Leaching Solid Material in a Col-
erty Area Types, Including Explosives Safety for
Federally-Owned Real Property
D5759 Guide for Characterization of Coal Fly Ash and
1
Clean Coal Combustion Fly Ash for Potential Uses
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.94 on Terminol-
D5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-
ogy.
lated to Waste Management Activities: Development of
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally
Data Quality Objectives
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as D5681 – 22. DOI:
10.1520/D5681-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5681 − 23
D5956 Guide for Sampling Strategies for Heterogeneous E868 Test Methods for Conducting Performance Tests on
Wastes Mechanical Conveying Equipment Used in Re
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D5681 − 22 D5681 − 23
Standard Terminology for
1
Waste and Waste Management
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5681; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—The definition for ‘PFAS’ was editorially updated in December 2022.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology contains standard definitions of terms used in the general area of waste and waste management. It is intended
to promote understanding by providing precise technical definitions of terms used in the standards developed by Committee D34
and its subcommittees.
1.2 Terms used only within an individual standard, and having a meaning unique to that standard, may be defined or explained
in the terminology section of that individual standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
D4448 Guide for Sampling Ground-Water Monitoring Wells
D4547 Guide for Sampling Waste and Soils for Volatile Organic Compounds
D4646 Test Method for 24-h Batch-Type Measurement of Contaminant Sorption by Soils and Sediments
D4790 Terminology of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals
3
D4874 Test Method for Leaching Solid Material in a Column Apparatus (Withdrawn 2021)
3
D5120 Test Method for Inhibition of Respiration in Microbial Cultures in the Activated Sludge Process (Withdrawn 2014)
D5231 Test Method for Determination of the Composition of Unprocessed Municipal Solid Waste
D5285 Test Method for 24-Hour Batch-Type Measurement of Volatile Organic Sorption by Soils and Sediments (Withdrawn
3
2008)
D5368 Test Methods for Gravimetric Determination of Total Solvent Extractable Content (TSEC) of Solid Waste Samples
3
(Withdrawn 2014)
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.94 on Terminology.
Current edition approved May 1, 2022Nov. 1, 2023. Published May 2022November 2023. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20202022 as
D5681 – 20. DOI: 10.1520/D5681-22E01.22. DOI: 10.1520/D5681-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5681 − 23
3
D5369 Practice for Extraction of Solid Waste Samples for Chemical Analysis Using Soxhlet Extraction (Withdrawn 2016)
3
D5468 Test Method for Gross Calorific and Ash Value of Waste Materials (Withdrawn 2016)
D5660 Test Method for Assessing the Microbial Detoxification of Chemically Contaminated Water and Soil Using a Toxicity
3
Test with a Luminescent Marine Bacterium (Withdrawn 2014)
D5679 Practice for Sampling Consolidated Solids in Drums or Similar Containers
D5680 Practice for Sampling Unconsolidated Solids in Drums or Similar Containers
D5743 Practice for Sampling Single or Multilayered Liquids, with or Without Solids, in Drums or Similar Containers
D5744 Test Method for Laboratory Weathering of Solid Materials Using a Humidity Cell
D5745 Guide for Developing and Implementing Interim and Early Actions for Waste Contamination Site Remediation
D5746 Classification of Environmental Condition of Property Area Types, Including Explosives Safety for Federally-Owned
Real Property
D5759 Guide for Characterization of Coal Fly Ash and Clean Coal Combustion Fly
...
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