ASTM D6232-21
(Guide)Standard Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment for Waste and Contaminated Media Data Collection Activities
Standard Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment for Waste and Contaminated Media Data Collection Activities
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Although many technical papers address topics important to efficient and accurate sampling investigations (DQOs, study design, QA/QC, data assessment; see Guides D4687, D5730, D6009, D6051, and Practice D5283), the selection and use of appropriate sampling equipment is assumed or omitted.
5.2 The choice of sampling equipment can be crucial to the task of collecting a sample appropriate for the intended use.
5.3 When a sample is collected, all sources of potential bias should be considered, not only in the selection and use of the sampling device, but also in the interpretation and use of the data generated. Some major considerations in the selection of sampling equipment for the collection of a sample are listed below:
5.3.1 The ability to access and extract from every relevant location in the target population,
5.3.2 The ability to collect a sufficient mass of sample such that the distribution of particle sizes in the population are represented, and
5.3.3 The ability to collect a sample without the addition or loss of constituents of interest.
5.4 The characteristics discussed in 5.3 are particularly important in investigations when the target population is heterogeneous, such as when particle sizes vary, liquids are present in distinct phases, a gaseous phase exists, or materials from different sources are present in the population. The consideration of these characteristics during the equipment selection process will enable the data user to make appropriate statistical inferences about the target population based on the sampling results.
5.5 If samples are to be collected for the determination of per- and poly-fluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), all sampling equipment should be made of fluorine-free materials. Other considerations for PFAS sampling may exist but are beyond the scope of this standard.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers criteria which should be considered when selecting sampling equipment for collecting environmental and waste samples for waste management activities. This guide includes a list of equipment that is used and is readily available. Many specialized sampling devices are not specifically included in this guide. However, the factors that should be weighed when choosing any piece of equipment are covered and remain the same for the selection of any piece of equipment. Sampling equipment described in this guide includes automatic samplers, pumps, bailers, tubes, scoops, spoons, shovels, dredges, coring, augering, passive, and vapor sampling devices. The selection of sampling locations is outside the scope of this guide.
1.1.1 Table 1 lists selected equipment and its applicability to sampling matrices, including water (surface and ground), sediments, soils, liquids, multi-layered liquids, mixed solid-liquid phases, and consolidated and unconsolidated solids. The guide does not specifically address the collection of samples of any suspended materials from flowing rivers or streams. Refer to Guide D4411 for more information.
1.2 Table 2 presents the same list of equipment and its applicability for use based on compatibility of sample and equipment; volume of the sample required; physical requirements such as power, size, and weight; ease of operation and decontamination; and whether it is reusable or disposable.
1.3 Table 3 provides the basis for selection of suitable equipment by the use of an index.
1.4 Lists of advantages and disadvantages of selected sampling devices and line drawings and narratives describing the operation of sampling devices are also provided.
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard. ...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6232 − 21
Standard Guide for
Selection of Sampling Equipment for Waste and
1
Contaminated Media Data Collection Activities
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6232; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
Practice D6026. Reporting of test results in units other than SI
1.1 This guide covers criteria which should be considered
shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
whenselectingsamplingequipmentforcollectingenvironmen-
tal and waste samples for waste management activities. This 1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of information
guide includes a list of equipment that is used and is readily oraseriesofoptionsanddoesnotrecommendaspecificcourse
available. Many specialized sampling devices are not specifi- of action. This document cannot replace education or experi-
cally included in this guide. However, the factors that should ence and should be used in conjunction with professional
beweighedwhenchoosinganypieceofequipmentarecovered judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all
and remain the same for the selection of any piece of circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-
equipment. Sampling equipment described in this guide in- sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of
cludes automatic samplers, pumps, bailers, tubes, scoops, a given professional service must be judged, nor should this
spoons, shovels, dredges, coring, augering, passive, and vapor document be applied without consideration of a project’s many
sampling devices. The selection of sampling locations is unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this
outside the scope of this guide. document means only that the document has been approved
1.1.1 Table 1listsselectedequipmentanditsapplicabilityto through the ASTM consensus process.
sampling matrices, including water (surface and ground),
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sediments, soils, liquids, multi-layered liquids, mixed solid-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
liquid phases, and consolidated and unconsolidated solids. The
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
guide does not specifically address the collection of samples of
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
any suspended materials from flowing rivers or streams. Refer
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D4411 for more information.
to Guide
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.2 Table 2 presents the same list of equipment and its
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
applicability for use based on compatibility of sample and
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
equipment; volume of the sample required; physical require-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
ments such as power, size, and weight; ease of operation and
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
decontamination; and whether it is reusable or disposable.
1.3 Table 3 provides the basis for selection of suitable
2. Referenced Documents
equipment by the use of an index.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.4 Lists of advantages and disadvantages of selected sam-
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
pling devices and line drawings and narratives describing the
Fluids
operation of sampling devices are also provided.
D1452 Practice for Soil Exploration and Sampling byAuger
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded Borings
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D1586 Test Method for Standard PenetrationTest (SPT) and
standard. All observed and calculated values shall conform to Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils
D1587 Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Fine-
Grained Soils for Geotechnical Purposes
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.01 on
2
Planning for Sampling. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2021. Published October 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1998. Last previous editi
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6232 − 16 D6232 − 21
Standard Guide for
Selection of Sampling Equipment for Waste and
1
Contaminated Media Data Collection Activities
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6232; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers criteria which should be considered when selecting sampling equipment for collecting environmental and
waste samples for waste management activities. This guide includes a list of equipment that is used and is readily available. Many
specialized sampling devices are not specifically included in this guide. However, the factors that should be weighed when
choosing any piece of equipment are covered and remain the same for the selection of any piece of equipment. Sampling equipment
described in this guide includes automatic samplers, pumps, bailers, tubes, scoops, spoons, shovels, dredges, coring and augering
coring, augering, passive, and vapor sampling devices. The selection of sampling locations is outside the scope of this guide.
1.1.1 Table 1 lists selected equipment and its applicability to sampling matrices, including water (surface and ground), sediments,
soils, liquids, multi-layered liquids, mixed solid-liquid phases, and consolidated and unconsolidated solids. The guide does not
address specifically address the collection of samples of any suspended materials from flowing rivers or streams. Refer to Guide
D4411 for more information.
1.2 Table 2 presents the same list of equipment and its applicability for use based on compatibility of sample and equipment;
volume of the sample required; physical requirements such as power, size, and weight; ease of operation and decontamination; and
whether it is reusable or disposable.
1.3 Table 3 provides the basis for selection of suitable equipment by the use of an Index.index.
1.4 Lists of advantages and disadvantages of selected sampling devices and line drawings and narratives describing the operation
of sampling devices are also provided.
1.5 Units—The values stated in both inch-pound and SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard units. The values given
in parenthesesas standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. All observed and calculated values shall
conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026are for information only. Reporting of
test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of
action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgement-
.judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent
or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.01 on Planning for
Sampling.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2016Oct. 1, 2021. Published December 2016October 2021. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20082016
as D6232 – 08.D6232 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/D6232-16.10.1520/D6232-21.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D6232 − 21
be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only
that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Gu
...
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