Standard Practice for Sampling With a Dipper or Pond Sampler

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended for use in the sampling of surface waters and other liquids.  
4.2 Dipper equipment is uncomplicated in construction, simple to use, and relatively easy to decontaminate; however, this practice will not provide accurate results with multiphase liquids.  
4.3 This practice is to be used by personnel acquiring samples.  
4.4 The dipper is best used to take a surface sample of liquid. No attempt should be made to take subsurface samples with a dipper because mixing and dilution will occur as the dipper is brought to the surface. Subsurface layers must be sampled using a device that can be closed prior to bringing it to the surface (for example, a COLIWASA, tube sampler, or bottle sampler).  
4.5 The dipper is not appropriate for sampling multiphase liquids if quantitative characterization is needed.  
4.6 When volatile organic analysis (VOA) will be performed, samples obtained with a dipper should be poured into an appropriate container (VOA vial) with minimal air contact and agitation.  
4.7 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687, which covers sampling plans, safety, quality assurance (QA), preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-custody procedures; also Practice D5088, which covers decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites. Other documents pertinent to this practice are EPA-600/2-80-018 and EPA-600/4-84-076.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure and equipment for taking surface samples of water or other liquids using a dipper. A pond sampler or dipper with extension handle allows the operator to sample streams, ponds, waste pits, and lagoons as far as 15 ft from the bank or other secure footing. The dipper is useful in filling a sample bottle without contaminating the outside of the bottle.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Jan-2019
Technical Committee
D34 - Waste Management

Relations

Effective Date
01-Feb-2019
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Effective Date
01-Aug-2015
Effective Date
15-Jan-2015
Effective Date
15-Sep-2008
Effective Date
01-Feb-2006
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Effective Date
01-Feb-2019
Effective Date
01-Feb-2019
Effective Date
01-Feb-2019

Overview

ASTM D5358-93(2019), titled Standard Practice for Sampling With a Dipper or Pond Sampler, is a key international standard developed by ASTM International. This practice outlines the procedures, equipment, and considerations for obtaining surface samples of water or other liquids using a dipper or pond sampler. It applies particularly to surface waters, ponds, streams, lagoons, and waste pits, detailing how to effectively collect samples for subsequent analysis while preserving sample integrity.

The standard emphasizes the simplicity and practicality of dipper equipment, ease of decontamination, and correct use cases, ensuring reliable results in environmental sampling, industrial testing, and compliance activities.

Key Topics

  • Surface Liquid Sampling Procedures

    • Guidelines for lowering, filling, and retrieving a dipper or pond sampler from the liquid surface without disturbing or contaminating the sample.
    • Step-by-step instructions for transferring samples from the dipper to the appropriate sample container.
  • Suitable Equipment

    • Recommendations for equipment construction: dippers with extension handles (up to 15 ft reach) for accessing samples from secure footing along banks or steep edges.
    • Description of materials: light, rigid extension handles and dippers (plastic, glass, or nonreactive materials), including the use of disposable dippers for hazardous substances.
  • Limitations and Precautions

    • Not suitable for subsurface or multiphase liquid sampling.
    • Best for taking undisturbed surface samples; subsurface samples require closeable devices (e.g., COLIWASA, tube samplers).
    • Not appropriate for quantitative multiphase liquid analysis.
    • Specific guidance for volatile organic analysis (VOA), minimizing air exposure.
  • Sample Container Guidance

    • Use of plastic, glass, or other nonreactive containers.
    • Filling and sealing procedures to prevent contamination and preserve volatile compounds.
  • Decontamination and Documentation

    • Cleaning protocols in line with other ASTM practices (such as ASTM D5088).
    • Importance of meticulous record-keeping, including field log book updates and chain-of-custody documentation.

Applications

  • Environmental Sampling

    • Collecting water samples from streams, ponds, lakes, waste lagoons, and other surface water bodies for laboratory testing.
    • Monitoring water quality for regulatory compliance or site characterization in environmental assessments.
  • Industrial and Waste Management

    • Surface sampling of liquids in waste pits and lined lagoons at industrial or remediation sites.
    • Filling sample bottles for analysis without contaminating container exteriors.
  • Hazardous Waste Site Investigation

    • Rapid, safe sampling where simple, easy-to-decontaminate tools are necessary.
    • Use of disposable dippers when working with unknown or hazardous materials.

Related Standards

  • ASTM D4687 - Guide for General Planning of Waste Sampling: Covers sampling plans, safety protocols, quality assurance, sample preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-custody.
  • ASTM D5088 - Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment Used at Waste Sites: Ensures equipment readiness and contamination control between uses.
  • EPA-600/2-80-018 - Samplers and Sampling Procedures for Hazardous Waste Streams.
  • EPA-600/4-84-076 - Characterization of Hazardous Waste Sites, Sampling Methods.

Conclusion

ASTM D5358-93(2019) provides clear, standardized guidance for sampling surface liquids using dippers and pond samplers, supporting accurate and uncontaminated sample collection in environmental and industrial contexts. Adhering to this standard helps organizations maintain data quality, meet regulatory requirements, and ensure safety and efficiency in field sampling operations. For comprehensive quality assurance, it is recommended to use this practice in conjunction with other ASTM and EPA standards referenced above.

Keywords: water sampling, dipper sampler, pond sampler, surface liquids, ASTM D5358, environmental sampling standard, waste site sampling, sample container handling, field decontamination, hazardous waste sampling.

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Frequently Asked Questions

ASTM D5358-93(2019) is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Practice for Sampling With a Dipper or Pond Sampler". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This practice is intended for use in the sampling of surface waters and other liquids. 4.2 Dipper equipment is uncomplicated in construction, simple to use, and relatively easy to decontaminate; however, this practice will not provide accurate results with multiphase liquids. 4.3 This practice is to be used by personnel acquiring samples. 4.4 The dipper is best used to take a surface sample of liquid. No attempt should be made to take subsurface samples with a dipper because mixing and dilution will occur as the dipper is brought to the surface. Subsurface layers must be sampled using a device that can be closed prior to bringing it to the surface (for example, a COLIWASA, tube sampler, or bottle sampler). 4.5 The dipper is not appropriate for sampling multiphase liquids if quantitative characterization is needed. 4.6 When volatile organic analysis (VOA) will be performed, samples obtained with a dipper should be poured into an appropriate container (VOA vial) with minimal air contact and agitation. 4.7 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687, which covers sampling plans, safety, quality assurance (QA), preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-custody procedures; also Practice D5088, which covers decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites. Other documents pertinent to this practice are EPA-600/2-80-018 and EPA-600/4-84-076. SCOPE 1.1 This practice describes the procedure and equipment for taking surface samples of water or other liquids using a dipper. A pond sampler or dipper with extension handle allows the operator to sample streams, ponds, waste pits, and lagoons as far as 15 ft from the bank or other secure footing. The dipper is useful in filling a sample bottle without contaminating the outside of the bottle. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This practice is intended for use in the sampling of surface waters and other liquids. 4.2 Dipper equipment is uncomplicated in construction, simple to use, and relatively easy to decontaminate; however, this practice will not provide accurate results with multiphase liquids. 4.3 This practice is to be used by personnel acquiring samples. 4.4 The dipper is best used to take a surface sample of liquid. No attempt should be made to take subsurface samples with a dipper because mixing and dilution will occur as the dipper is brought to the surface. Subsurface layers must be sampled using a device that can be closed prior to bringing it to the surface (for example, a COLIWASA, tube sampler, or bottle sampler). 4.5 The dipper is not appropriate for sampling multiphase liquids if quantitative characterization is needed. 4.6 When volatile organic analysis (VOA) will be performed, samples obtained with a dipper should be poured into an appropriate container (VOA vial) with minimal air contact and agitation. 4.7 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687, which covers sampling plans, safety, quality assurance (QA), preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-custody procedures; also Practice D5088, which covers decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites. Other documents pertinent to this practice are EPA-600/2-80-018 and EPA-600/4-84-076. SCOPE 1.1 This practice describes the procedure and equipment for taking surface samples of water or other liquids using a dipper. A pond sampler or dipper with extension handle allows the operator to sample streams, ponds, waste pits, and lagoons as far as 15 ft from the bank or other secure footing. The dipper is useful in filling a sample bottle without contaminating the outside of the bottle. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM D5358-93(2019) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 19.020 - Test conditions and procedures in general. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

ASTM D5358-93(2019) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D5358-93(2014), ASTM D5088-20, ASTM D5088-15a, ASTM D5088-15, ASTM D5088-02(2008), ASTM D4687-95(2006), ASTM D5088-02, ASTM D4687-95(2001), ASTM D4687-95, ASTM D6759-16, ASTM D6232-21, ASTM D6063-11(2018). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

ASTM D5358-93(2019) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.

Standards Content (Sample)


This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5358 − 93 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Practice for
Sampling With a Dipper or Pond Sampler
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5358; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Practice
1.1 This practice describes the procedure and equipment for 3.1 Thedipperisloweredintotheliquidandliftedoutwhile
taking surface samples of water or other liquids using a dipper. avoiding splashing or otherwise disturbing the surface layer.
A pond sampler or dipper with extension handle allows the
The sample is then poured into a sample container.
operator to sample streams, ponds, waste pits, and lagoons as
far as 15 ft from the bank or other secure footing. The dipper
4. Significance and Use
is useful in filling a sample bottle without contaminating the
4.1 This practice is intended for use in the sampling of
outside of the bottle.
surface waters and other liquids.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 Dipper equipment is uncomplicated in construction,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
simple to use, and relatively easy to decontaminate; however,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
this practice will not provide accurate results with multiphase
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
liquids.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.3 This practice is to be used by personnel acquiring
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
samples.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.4 The dipper is best used to take a surface sample of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
liquid. No attempt should be made to take subsurface samples
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
with a dipper because mixing and dilution will occur as the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
dipper is brought to the surface. Subsurface layers must be
sampled using a device that can be closed prior to bringing it
2. Referenced Documents
to the surface (for example, a COLIWASA, tube sampler, or
bottle sampler).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste Sampling
4.5 The dipper is not appropriate for sampling multiphase
D5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment
liquids if quantitative characterization is needed.
Used at Waste Sites
4.6 When volatile organic analysis (VOA) will be
2.2 Other Documents:
performed, samples obtained with a dipper should be poured
EPA-600/2-80-018 Samplers and Sampling Procedures for
into an appropriate container (VOA vial) with minimal air
Hazardous Waste Streams
contact and agitation.
EPA-600/4-84-076 Characterization of Hazardous Waste
4.7 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide
Sites-A Methods Manual: Volume II. Available Sampling
D4687, which covers sampling plans, safety, quality assurance
Methods, Second Edition
(QA), preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-
custody procedures; also Practice D5088, which covers decon-
tamination of field equipment used at waste sites. Other
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
documents pertinent to this practice are EPA-600/2-80-018 and
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.03 on
EPA-600/4-84-076.
...

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