2014/28/EU - Directive 2014/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market and supervision of explosives for civil uses Harmonized Directive
Directive 2014/28/EU aims to harmonize the laws of EU Member States concerning the market availability and supervision of explosives for civil use. It recasts Directive 93/15/EEC to improve clarity and align with updated regulatory frameworks, including Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 and Decision No 768/2008/EC, which govern accreditation, market surveillance, and conformity assessment procedures. The Directive excludes pyrotechnic articles and covers ammunition only regarding transfer controls, aligning these with arms transfer rules under Directive 91/477/EEC. It establishes responsibilities for economic operators-manufacturers, importers, distributors-and mandates conformity assessment by notified bodies to ensure explosives meet essential safety requirements and bear CE marking. It enhances traceability through unique identification systems to prevent misuse and theft and supports market surveillance and cooperation between Member States' authorities. The Directive allows for derogations in public security threats, integrates with international transport regulations, and enables the Commission to adopt delegated and implementing acts for efficient management and adaptation of rules. Overall, it seeks to ensure safety, public security, and fair competition within the internal market for civil explosives.
Purpose
Directive 2014/28/EU aims to harmonise the laws of EU Member States relating to the making available on the market and supervision of explosives intended for civil use. This recast Directive updates and clarifies previous legislation (Directive 93/15/EEC) to ensure a high level of protection of public health, safety, and public security, while facilitating the free movement of explosives within the EU internal market. It also adapts the regulatory framework to align with relevant Union legislation and international recommendations, particularly those of the United Nations regarding the transport of dangerous goods.
Key Obligations
Economic Operators' Responsibilities: Manufacturers, importers, distributors, and others involved in the supply chain are required to ensure that explosives placed on the market comply with the essential safety requirements of the Directive. Each operator must take appropriate measures proportional to their role to guarantee conformity.
Conformity Assessment: The manufacturer carries the primary responsibility for conformity assessment procedures, which must always involve third-party assessment due to the high risks involved in explosives. Conformity with harmonised standards is presumed to meet the essential safety requirements.
CE Marking: Explosives conforming to the Directive’s requirements must bear the CE marking, indicating compliance. The Directive sets out detailed rules for affixing the CE mark and requires manufacturers to draw up an EU declaration of conformity.
Unique Identification and Traceability: Explosives must be uniquely identified and traceable from production to end use. This traceability supports prevention of misuse and theft and assists law enforcement in tracking lost or stolen explosives, as well as facilitates market surveillance.
Market Surveillance and Controls: Member States must ensure effective market surveillance to verify compliance. Importers and distributors must cooperate with national authorities by providing information and ensuring that explosives meet requirements before and after market placement.
Notified Bodies: Only conformity assessment bodies that meet strict criteria and are notified by Member States to the European Commission may perform conformity assessments. The Directive prescribes requirements for these bodies, including monitoring, accreditation, and the handling of subcontractors or subsidiaries.
Transfers and Ammunition Controls: The Directive includes rules governing controls on transfers of explosives and ammunition, aligning ammunition transfers with provisions applicable to arms, as regulated under Council Directive 91/477/EEC.
Derogations and Security Measures: Member States may derogate from certain provisions regarding transfer controls in cases of serious threats to public security to prevent illicit possession or use.
Delegated and Implementing Acts: The Directive confers powers on the European Commission to adopt delegated acts to adapt its provisions to international standards and implementing acts for establishing practical arrangements concerning identification, traceability, transfer provisions, and market surveillance.
Affected Products and Actors
Products: The Directive applies to civil explosives as defined based on United Nations recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods. It excludes pyrotechnic articles (covered by Directive 2013/29/EU), explosives during storage (covered by Directive 96/82/EC), and explosives during transport (regulated by international conventions). It also covers ammunition but limited to transfer control provisions.
Economic Operators:
- Manufacturers: Responsible for design, production, conformity assessment, and final declaration of conformity.
- Importers: Must ensure imported explosives comply with the Directive’s requirements before making them available on the EU market.
- Distributors: Must handle explosives carefully to maintain conformity and cooperate with market surveillance authorities.
- Notified Bodies: Independent third-party bodies designated to conduct conformity assessments under strict competence criteria.
Competent Authorities: National authorities responsible for accreditation, designation of notified bodies, market surveillance, and cooperation with other Member States and the Commission.
End-users: Beneficiaries of safety protections provided by the Directive through ensured compliance.
Implementation Timeline
- The Directive was adopted on 26 February 2014.
- Member States were required to transpose the provisions of the Directive into their national laws within a timeframe set by the EU, generally by 5 April 2016, replacing Directive 93/15/EEC.
- Timely designation and notification of conformity assessment bodies by Member States were required to enable market access under the new rules.
- The implementation involves ongoing cooperation between Member States and the Commission for notification, market surveillance, updates to harmonised standards, and adoption of delegated and implementing acts as necessary.
This harmonised regime enhances safety, security, traceability, and fair competition while supporting the internal market for explosives intended for civil use.
Directive 2014/28/EU applies to explosives intended for civil uses, covering the harmonisation of laws relating to their making available on the market and supervision within the European Union. It excludes pyrotechnic articles, which are governed by Directive 2013/29/EU, and aspects related to the transport and storage of explosives, which are regulated by separate international and EU legislation. The directive covers all forms of supply, including distance selling. It encompasses ammunition solely regarding transfer controls and related arrangements, aligning them with existing arms transfer regulations. Economic operators in the supply chain, such as manufacturers, importers, and distributors, are responsible for ensuring explosives comply with essential safety requirements to protect public health, safety, and security. The scope focuses on ensuring explosives do not endanger people, property, or the environment when properly used and stored under foreseeable conditions.
Die Richtlinie 2014/28/EU harmonisiert die Vorschriften der EU-Mitgliedstaaten bezüglich Bereitstellung und Kontrolle von Explosivstoffen für zivile Zwecke. Sie ersetzt die frühere Richtlinie 93/15/EWG und stellt klar, dass pyrotechnische Gegenstände und Munition – soweit sie unter bestimmte Regeln fallen – nicht unter ihren Anwendungsbereich fallen. Die Richtlinie regelt alle Absatzarten, einschließlich Fernabsatz, und legt die Verantwortung der Wirtschaftsakteure in der Lieferkette fest, um die Konformität der Explosivstoffe sicherzustellen. Herstellern obliegt die Konformitätsbewertung, unterstützt durch notifizierte Stellen, während Einführer und Händler ebenfalls Pflichten zur Sorgfalt und Überprüfung haben. Ein eindeutiges Rückverfolgbarkeitssystem mit Kennzeichnung ist vorgeschrieben, um Sicherheit, Diebstahlschutz und Marktüberwachung zu gewährleisten. Die Richtlinie setzt hohe Sicherheitsanforderungen zum Schutz von Gesundheit, Umwelt und öffentlicher Sicherheit und integriert Vorgaben zur Akkreditierung und Marktüberwachung gemäß der Verordnung (EG) Nr. 765/2008. Abweichungen zur Verhinderung illegalen Handels sind Mitgliedstaaten vorbehalten. Ziel ist ein funktionierender Binnenmarkt bei gleichzeitig hohem Schutzniveau für Explosivstoffe in der EU.
Zweck
Die Richtlinie 2014/28/EU hat zum Ziel, die Rechtsvorschriften der EU-Mitgliedstaaten zur Bereitstellung auf dem Markt und zur Kontrolle von Explosivstoffen für zivile Zwecke zu harmonisieren. Dadurch soll der freie Verkehr von Explosivstoffen innerhalb der Union ermöglicht und gleichzeitig ein hohes Schutzniveau für die öffentliche Gesundheit, Sicherheit sowie den Schutz von Gütern und der Umwelt gewährleistet werden. Die Richtlinie ersetzt die frühere Richtlinie 93/15/EWG und klärt zudem Abgrenzungen zu pyrotechnischen Gegenständen und Munition.
Wesentliche Verpflichtungen
- Konformitätsbewertung: Hersteller sind verpflichtet, Konformitätsbewertungsverfahren durchzuführen, damit Explosivstoffe den grundlegenden Sicherheitsanforderungen entsprechen. Diese Verfahren unterliegen einer Überprüfung durch benannte Stellen.
- EU-Konformitätserklärung: Hersteller müssen eine EU-Konformitätserklärung ausstellen, die die Einhaltung der Richtlinie belegt.
- CE-Kennzeichnung: Explosivstoffe müssen mit der CE-Kennzeichnung versehen werden, die die Konformität mit den Anforderungen der Richtlinie signalisiert.
- Verantwortlichkeiten von Wirtschaftsakteuren:
- Hersteller tragen die Hauptverantwortung für die Konformität der Produkte.
- Einführer müssen sicherstellen, dass aus Drittländern eingeführte Explosivstoffe den Anforderungen entsprechen und erforderliche Unterlagen verfügbar sind.
- Händler haben die Pflicht, Explosivstoffe ausschließlich dann bereitzustellen, wenn die Konformität gegeben ist und die Produkte ordnungsgemäß gehandhabt wurden.
- Kennzeichnung und Rückverfolgbarkeit: Es müssen eindeutige Kennzeichnungen erfolgen, um die Identifizierung und Rückverfolgbarkeit der Explosivstoffe in der gesamten Lieferkette zu gewährleisten.
- Marktüberwachung: Mitgliedstaaten sind verpflichtet, Marktüberwachungsmaßnahmen umzusetzen, um nicht konforme Explosivstoffe zu identifizieren und zu sanktionieren.
- Kooperation und Informationsaustausch: Es wird ein transparentes Informationssystem und eine enge Zusammenarbeit zwischen zuständigen Behörden, den Marktakteuren und der Kommission gefordert.
Betroffene Produkte und Akteure
- Produkte: Explosivstoffe für zivile Verwendungszwecke, ausgenommen pyrotechnische Gegenstände (die der Richtlinie 2013/29/EU unterliegen) sowie bestimmte Munition (mit eigenen speziellen Regelungen für Verbringung gemäß Waffenkontrollrichtlinie 91/477/EWG).
- Wirtschaftsakteure: Hersteller, Einführer, Händler sowie alle weiteren Beteiligten entlang der Lieferkette, die Explosivstoffe bereitstellen oder modifizieren.
- Behörden: Nationale Marktüberwachungsbehörden und notifizierte Konformitätsbewertungsstellen, die Anforderungen prüfen und Konformitätsbewertungen durchführen.
Umsetzungszeitplan
Die Richtlinie 2014/28/EU wurde am 26. Februar 2014 verabschiedet. Die Mitgliedstaaten mussten die Richtlinie in nationales Recht umsetzen, in der Regel innerhalb von zwei Jahren nach Inkrafttreten der Richtlinie. Dies bedeutet eine Frist zur Umsetzung bis Anfang 2016. Die EU-Kommission überwacht die Einhaltung der Umsetzungsvorschriften und bietet gegebenenfalls Unterstützung und Leitlinien an.
Diese Harmonisierung der Rechtsvorschriften erleichtert den freien Handel mit Explosivstoffen in der EU, verbessert den Schutz der Nutzer und der Öffentlichkeit und sorgt für einen fairen Wettbewerb auf dem Binnenmarkt.
Die Richtlinie 2014/28/EU gilt für Explosivstoffe, die für zivile Zwecke auf dem Unionmarkt bereitgestellt und kontrolliert werden. Ausgenommen sind pyrotechnische Gegenstände und Munition im Sinne der Empfehlungen der Vereinten Nationen zum Transport gefährlicher Güter, da diese durch andere Rechtsakte geregelt sind. Die Richtlinie umfasst alle Absatzarten, einschließlich Fernabsatz. Sie betrifft die Herstellung, das Inverkehrbringen und die Verbringung von Explosivstoffen, wobei bei Munition die Verbringungsregelungen nur insoweit gelten, als sie nicht den Waffenbestimmungen unterliegen. Sicherheitsanforderungen im Zusammenhang mit Lagerung und Transport sowie die Regelungen zu pyrotechnischen Gegenständen fallen nicht in den Anwendungsbereich. Ziel ist die Harmonisierung der Rechtsvorschriften zum Schutz von Gesundheit, Sicherheit, Umwelt sowie zur Gewährleistung eines funktionierenden Binnenmarkts für Explosivstoffe.
La directive 2014/28/UE vise à harmoniser les législations des États membres de l'Union européenne concernant la mise à disposition et le contrôle des explosifs à usage civil, excluant les articles pyrotechniques et régissant partiellement les munitions. Elle établit des exigences essentielles de sécurité pour protéger la santé publique, la sécurité des personnes, la propriété et l'environnement, tout en assurant la libre circulation des explosifs dans le marché intérieur. La directive définit les obligations claires et proportionnées des opérateurs économiques, incluant fabricants, importateurs et distributeurs, pour garantir la conformité des explosifs aux normes, par le biais d’évaluations de conformité rigoureuses impliquant des organismes notifiés. Elle institue un système d’identification unique et de traçabilité des explosifs tout au long de la chaîne d’approvisionnement pour prévenir les usages illégaux et faciliter les contrôles. La directive établit également les modalités de surveillance du marché et prévoit la coopération administrative entre autorités nationales et la Commission européenne pour renforcer la sécurité et la régulation efficace des explosifs.
Objet
La directive 2014/28/UE vise à harmoniser les législations des États membres concernant la mise à disposition sur le marché et le contrôle des explosifs à usage civil. Elle établit un cadre réglementaire commun pour garantir la sécurité, la santé publique, la sûreté, ainsi que des conditions équitables de concurrence au sein du marché intérieur de l’Union européenne. Cette directive remplace et clarifie la directive antérieure 93/15/CEE en regroupant les dispositions relatives aux explosifs civils, tout en excluant les articles pyrotechniques et certaines munitions définies par des conventions internationales.
Obligations clés
- Responsabilité des opérateurs économiques : Les fabricants, importateurs et distributeurs doivent s'assurer que les explosifs mis sur le marché sont conformes aux exigences essentielles de sécurité. Chaque acteur doit prendre des mesures appropriées pour garantir cette conformité et collaborer avec les autorités compétentes.
- Évaluation de la conformité : Seul le fabricant est responsable de la procédure d’évaluation de la conformité selon des modules harmonisés, avec intervention d’organismes notifiés tiers garantissant une évaluation indépendante et rigoureuse.
- Marquage CE : L’apposition du marquage CE atteste la conformité des explosifs aux normes et règles définies, conformément au règlement (CE) n° 765/2008.
- Traçabilité et identification unique : Un système d’identification et de traçabilité doit être mis en place tout au long de la chaîne d’approvisionnement depuis la production jusqu’à l’utilisateur final, afin d’empêcher les usages illicites, le vol et faciliter les contrôles.
- Surveillance du marché : Les États membres doivent organiser la surveillance du marché conformément au règlement (CE) n° 765/2008, incluant le contrôle des explosifs importés en provenance de pays tiers.
- Exclusion des autres législations : La directive ne couvre pas la sécurité au stockage (couverte par la directive 96/82/CE), le transport (régulé par des conventions internationales), ni les articles pyrotechniques (régis par la directive 2013/29/UE).
- Transferts de munitions : Les règles concernant les munitions sont intégrées uniquement en ce qui concerne le contrôle des transferts, assimilés à ceux des armes selon la directive 91/477/CEE.
Produits et acteurs concernés
- Produits concernés : Explosifs à usage civil, tels que définis par les recommandations des Nations unies relatives au transport des marchandises dangereuses. Sont exclus les articles pyrotechniques et certaines munitions conformément à la classification internationale.
- Acteurs impliqués :
- Fabricants : responsables de la conception, de la production et de l’évaluation de la conformité des explosifs.
- Importateurs : doivent vérifier la conformité des explosifs importés et s’assurer que les procédures d’évaluation de la conformité sont respectées et documentées.
- Distributeurs : assurent la mise à disposition sur le marché en veillant à ne pas compromettre la conformité des explosifs.
- Organismes d’évaluation de la conformité : tiers notifiés chargés de l’évaluation technique et de la certification des explosifs.
- Autorités nationales : responsables de la surveillance du marché, du contrôle des produits, ainsi que du contrôle des transferts de munitions.
Calendrier de mise en œuvre
- La directive est entrée en vigueur le 26 février 2014.
- Les États membres de l’Union européenne sont tenus de transposer cette directive dans leur législation nationale dans un délai fixé au plus tard au 1er juillet 2015.
- Les mesures relatives à l’évaluation de la conformité, à la surveillance du marché et à la notification des organismes notifiés ont des échéances spécifiques définies dans le texte pour assurer une application cohérente et harmonisée.
- La Commission européenne est habilitée à adopter des actes délégués pour adapter la directive aux évolutions techniques et aux recommandations internationales.
Cette directive établit ainsi un cadre complet pour assurer que les explosifs civils présents sur le marché européen répondent à des exigences strictes de sécurité, garantissent la protection des personnes et des biens, et contribuent à la sûreté publique au sein de l’Union européenne.
La directive 2014/28/UE s'applique à la mise à disposition sur le marché et au contrôle des explosifs à usage civil au sein de l'Union européenne. Elle couvre les explosifs tels que définis par les recommandations des Nations unies relatives au transport des marchandises dangereuses, mais exclut les articles pyrotechniques, qui sont régis par une directive distincte (2013/29/UE). La directive inclut également les munitions, mais uniquement en ce qui concerne les règles relatives au contrôle des transferts, lesquelles sont alignées sur celles applicables aux armes. Elle s'applique à toutes les formes de fourniture, y compris la vente à distance. Les aspects liés à la sécurité lors du stockage et du transport des explosifs sont exclus du champ d’application de la directive, ces domaines étant régis par d'autres législations et conventions internationales. Cette directive vise à harmoniser les législations nationales afin d'assurer la libre circulation des explosifs conformes tout en garantissant un haut niveau de protection de la santé, de la sécurité et de la sûreté publique.
Direktiva 2014/28/EU harmonizira zakonodajo držav članic glede dostopnosti in nadzora eksplozivov za civilno uporabo na trgu EU. Namenjena je zagotavljanju visokih standardov varnosti za zdravje ljudi, javno varnost, premoženje in okolje ob hkratnem zagotavljanju učinkovitega delovanja notranjega trga. Direktiva določa jasna pravila za gospodarske subjekte v dobavni verigi, vključno s proizvajalci, uvozniki in distributerji, glede skladnosti eksplozivov z varnostnimi zahtevami in postopkov za ugotavljanje skladnosti, ki vključujejo vlogo priglašenih organov. Prav tako uvaja obveznost edinstvene identifikacije eksplozivov za sprotno sledljivost. Izključuje področje uporabe za pirotehnične izdelke in določa poseben režim za strelivo, slednje pa je urejeno podobno kot orožje. Direktiva tudi ureja nadzor trga, ustrezno označevanje (CE oznaka) in omogoča ukrepe v primeru tveganj za javno varnost ter s tem prispeva k preprečevanju nezakonite uporabe in trgovine z eksplozivi. Države članice morajo določiti sankcije za kršitve in zagotoviti ustrezno izvajanje, pri čemer se poudarja pomen sodelovanja pristojnih organov na ravni EU.
Namen
Direktiva 2014/28/EU ureja harmonizacijo zakonodaje držav članic EU glede omogočanja dostopnosti eksplozivov za civilno uporabo na notranjem trgu ter njihov nadzor. Cilj je zagotoviti visoko raven varnosti ljudi, javne varnosti in drugih javnih interesov, hkrati pa omogočiti prosti pretok eksplozivov v EU. Direktiva določa jasne zahteve in postopke za ugotavljanje skladnosti eksplozivov kot tudi dolžnosti različnih gospodarskih subjektov v dobavni verigi.
Ključne obveznosti
Ugotavljanje skladnosti: Proizvajalci so odgovorni za izvajanje postopkov ugotavljanja skladnosti eksplozivov z bistvenimi varnostnimi zahtevami direktive. Ugotavljanje skladnosti mora vključevati sodelovanje neodvisnega priglašenega organa za ugotavljanje skladnosti.
Zahteve za organe za ugotavljanje skladnosti: Države članice morajo zagotavljati, da so priglašeni organi kvalificirani in delujejo na enakem visokem nivoju učinkovitosti po vsej EU, vključno z nadzorom dejavnosti podizvajalcev in hčerinskih družb.
Vloga gospodarskih subjektov: Vsi gospodarski subjekti, vključno s proizvajalci, uvozniki in distributerji, morajo zagotavljati, da so na trgu samo skladni eksplozivi. Uvozniki morajo preveriti skladnost uvoženih eksplozivov, distributerji pa ne smejo vplivati na skladnost s svojim ravnanjem.
Identifikacija in sledenje: Eksplozivi morajo imeti edinstveno identifikacijsko oznako za omogočanje popolne sledljivosti skozi celotno dobavno verigo, kar olajša nadzor in preprečuje zlorabe ter kraje.
Prodaja na daljavo: Direktiva se uporablja za vse vrste dajanja eksplozivov na trg, vključno s prodajo na daljavo.
Oznaka CE: Eksplozivi morajo biti označeni z oznako CE kot potrdilo skladnosti z direktivo in drugimi relevantnimi zakonodajnimi zahtevami EU.
Nadzor trga: Države članice morajo izvajati nadzor trga in izvajati potrebne ukrepe v primeru odkrivanja tveganj ali neskladnosti eksplozivov.
Kazni: Države članice morajo določiti učinkovite, sorazmerne in odvračalne kazni za kršitve nacionalnih določb, sprejetih na podlagi te direktive.
Delegirana in izvedbena pooblastila: Komisija ima pooblastila za sprejemanje aktov, ki prilagajajo direktivo spremembam in izvajajo potrebne ukrepe za zagotavljanje varnosti eksplozivov.
Vplivani izdelki in akterji
Eksplozivi za civilno uporabo: Vse vrste eksplozivov, ki so namenjeni civilni uporabi, z izjemami, kot so pirotehnični izdelki (urejeni z Direktivo 2013/29/EU) in strelivo glede predpisov o prenosu, ki so urejeni po posebnih pravilih.
Proizvajalci: Morajo razvijati, proizvajati in zagotavljati ustrezno ugotavljanje skladnosti.
Uvozniki: Odgovorni za zagotavljanje skladnosti uvoženih eksplozivov z direktivo in nadzorovanje pravilnega označevanja ter dokumentacije.
Distributerji: Odgovorni za ravnanje s skladnimi eksplozivi na trgu ter sodelovanje v nadzoru.
Priglašeni organi za ugotavljanje skladnosti: Neodvisni organi, ki izvajajo postopke ocenjevanja skladnosti.
Nacionalni organi: Nadzorujejo izvajanje direktive, izvajajo nadzor trga ter zagotavljajo kazenske ukrepe proti kršenju določb.
Časovni okvir izvajanja
Direktiva je bila sprejeta 26. februarja 2014, države članice pa so imele obveznost prenosa določb direktive v svoje nacionalne pravne sisteme v zakonsko določenem roku, ki je običajno dve leti od objave. Poleg tega so bile predvidene razumno dolge prehodne dobe za zagotavljanje skladnosti obstoječih zalog eksplozivov s prejšnjo zakonodajo.
Za sprejetje morebitnih prilagoditev, delegiranih in izvedbenih aktov glede varnostnih zahtev, standardov in tehničnih ureditev pa direktiva predvideva stalni mehanizem za postopke usklajevanja, vključno s sodelovanjem komisije, držav članic in strokovnih organov.
Ta direktiva je ključna za ureditev dostopnosti eksplozivov na trgu EU z namenom varovanja zdravja, varnosti in javnih interesov ter zagotavljanja učinkovitega delovanja notranjega trga.
Direktiva 2014/28/EU se uporablja za harmonizacijo zakonodaj držav članic glede dostopnosti eksplozivov za civilno uporabo na trgu in njihovega nadzora. Ne zajema pirotehničnih izdelkov ali določenih vrst streliva, ki jih ureja ločena zakonodaja (Direktiva 2013/29/EU). Uporablja se za eksplozive, kot so opredeljeni v priporočilih Združenih narodov o prevozu nevarnih blaga, vključno s strelivom glede nadzora prenosov. Direktiva zajema vse vrste dobave eksplozivov, vključno s prodajo na daljavo, in določa obveznosti gospodarskih subjektov v dobavni verigi za zagotavljanje skladnosti eksplozivov z varnostnimi zahtevami. Ne ureja varnosti pri skladiščenju ali prevozu eksplozivov, ki je urejena z drugimi predpisi in mednarodnimi sporazumi. Namen je zagotoviti visoko raven zaščite javnega zdravja, varnosti in preprečevanja zlorab ter hkrati omogočiti prost pretok eksplozivov na notranjem trgu EU.
General Information
- 1 (current)
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This document gives guidance on the issues related to the conformity assessment of explosives manufactured on-site.
On one hand, it specifies requirements to be considered for the assessment during the design phase of the explosive and a simple and robust approach to follow for the assessment of the conformity in the production phase.
And on the other hand, it specifies requirements for the mobile manufacturing units and their accessories as a contribution to the guarantee of the conformity of explosives produced in on-site conditions with no access to a laboratory.
This document gives guidance on also basic requirements for explosives loading equipment.
This document does not apply to the preparation of multi-component explosives as they neither require manufacturing equipment nor mechanical loading.
NOTE 1 This document does not address the requirements of the transport of dangerous goods regulations.
NOTE 2 This document does not address the requirements established in Directive 2006/42/EC (Machinery).
NOTE 3 Despite the provisions given in this document, other provisions provided for in state, federal or local regulations apply.
NOTE 4 The intention of this document is not to hinder the development and use of new technologies (including equipment and processes) for the on-site manufacture of explosive, but because of limited access to testing resources on site, the approach consisting of having specified requirements for the equipment is valid to ensure the conformity of future products and technologies.
- Technical specification30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives guidance on the issues related to the conformity assessment of explosives manufactured on-site.
On one hand, it specifies requirements to be considered for the assessment during the design phase of the explosive and a simple and robust approach to follow for the assessment of the conformity in the production phase.
And on the other hand, it specifies requirements for the mobile manufacturing units and their accessories as a contribution to the guarantee of the conformity of explosives produced in on-site conditions with no access to a laboratory.
This document gives guidance on also basic requirements for explosives loading equipment.
This document does not apply to the preparation of multi-component explosives as they neither require manufacturing equipment nor mechanical loading.
NOTE 1 This document does not address the requirements of the transport of dangerous goods regulations.
NOTE 2 This document does not address the requirements established in Directive 2006/42/EC (Machinery).
NOTE 3 Despite the provisions given in this document, other provisions provided for in state, federal or local regulations apply.
NOTE 4 The intention of this document is not to hinder the development and use of new technologies (including equipment and processes) for the on-site manufacture of explosive, but because of limited access to testing resources on site, the approach consisting of having specified requirements for the equipment is valid to ensure the conformity of future products and technologies.
- Technical specification30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the verification of the transfer capability of surface connectors, detonating cord relays and coupling accessories.
In case of coupling accessories, the document applies to non-electric detonators, electronic detonators and surface connectors where the shock tube is equipped with a coupling accessory and to shock tubes equipped with a coupling accessory.
This document does not apply to electric detonators, plain detonators, semi-finished detonators, and electronic initiation systems.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the no-fire current of electric detonators. This document applies to explosives for civil uses.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method to determine the series firing current of electric detonators. This document is applicable to explosives for civil uses.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the resistance to cracking at low temperatures of the leading wire plastic insulation of electric detonators and electronic detonators.
This document is applicable to explosives for civil uses.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the requirements for electric detonators, non-electric detonators, electronic detonators, plain detonators, semi-finished detonators, electronic initiation systems, surface connectors, shock tubes and detonating cord relays.
- Standard67 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the resistance to water of explosives for blasting and boosters.
NOTE This test method applies to situations where an explosive for blasting or a booster is subjected to high humidity and contact with water.
This document does not apply to black powder.
This document does not apply to explosive substances.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for checking small rocket motors for voids and fissures and provides a list of non-destructive testing (NDT) methods for detecting voids and fissures in other solid rocket propellants.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of burning rate under ambient conditions for solid gun propellants. It is applicable to solid gun propellants and black powder in their original form up to a grain size of 8 mm.
NOTE 1 Knowledge of burning rate is of high importance to manage risks associated with handling such explosives and of high importance to assess whether performance characteristics are met.
NOTE 2 In cases where propellants having grain size higher than 8 mm are generally used, their burning rate is more influenced and controlled by parameters of element containing thereof, and thus knowledge of their burning rate at ambient condition is not of high importance.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the transmission of deflagration of black powder used for blasting.
This document applies only to black powder in granular form or in compressed form.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies two test methods for the determination of the velocity of detonation of explosives for blasting.
This document does not apply to boosters and explosive substances.
NOTE This document does not apply to black powder. The burning rate of black powder is determined in accordance with EN 13938-4:2025.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the verification of the shock wave velocity of shock tubes.
This document is applicable to shock tubes of non-electric detonators, surface connectors and electronic detonators, and on shock tube as bulk product.
This document does not apply to electric detonators, plain detonators, semi-finished detonators, detonating cord relays and electronic initiation systems.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the thermal stability at 75 °C of explosives for blasting, boosters and explosive substances.
This document also applies to black powder when used for blasting.
This document also applies to solid gun propellants, solid rocket propellants, black powder used as propellants, for safety fuse or for pyrotechnics and powder cakes as covered by EN 13938-1:2025.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of electrical non-conductivity of shock tubes of non-electric detonators, surface connectors and electronic detonators, and of shock tube as bulk product.
This document does not apply to electric detonators equipped with leading wires among the products not covered by the standard, plain detonators, semi-finished detonators, detonating cord relays and electronic initiation systems.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the all-fire impulse and the no-fire impulse of electric detonators.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the insensitiveness to friction of explosives for blasting and explosive substances.
This document is also applicable to black powder used for blasting.
This document is not applicable to boosters.
This document is not applicable to compact solid explosives.
This document is not applicable to liquid explosives.
This document also applies to solid gun propellants, solid rocket propellants, black powder used as propellants, for safety fuse or for pyrotechnics and powder cakes as covered by EN 13938-1:2025.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of resistance to electrostatic energy for propellants containing a mass fraction of at least 5 % of particles which pass through a 1 mm sieve. This method does not apply to black powder.
NOTE If the mass fraction of particles smaller than 1 mm size is less than 5 % the propellant is considered to be insensitive to electrostatic energy and this test is not performed.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the transition from deflagration to
detonation of solid gun propellants.
This document applies to solid gun propellants with a particle size of ≤ 8 mm.
This document does not apply to black powder, solid rocket propellants or powder cakes.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies test methods for electronic initiation systems.
The test methods for electronic initiation systems refer to complete electronic initiation systems but also to electronic detonators, wireless electronic detonators and to firing units, programming units, testing units and control units that are part of an electronic initiation system.
Other parts of the EN 13763 series contain test methods applicable to electronic detonators, too.
This document does not apply to electric, non-electric, plain and semi-finished detonators, surface connectors, detonating cord relays, coupling accessories, leading wires and shock tubes.
- Standard81 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the resistance to hydrostatic pressure of explosives for blasting and a test method for the verification of the resistance to hydrostatic pressure of explosives for boosters.
This document does not apply to black powder.
This document does not apply to explosive substances.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies two test methods for the verification of the insensitiveness to impact.
This document is applicable to electric detonators, non-electric detonators, electronic detonators, plain detonators, semi-finished detonators, surface connectors and detonating cord relays as well as shock tubes.
This document does not apply to electronic initiation systems.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of thermal stability.
This document is applicable to electric detonators, non-electric detonators, electronic detonators, plain detonators, semi-finished detonators, surface connectors and detonating cord relays as well as shock tubes.
This document does not apply to electronic initiation systems.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determination the ability of the explosive content of plain detonators and semi-finished detonators to withstand vibration it could be exposed to during use, handling and transport. Plain detonators are instantaneous detonators supplied without means of activation. Semi-finished detonators are detonator supplied without means of activation
This document applies to explosives for civil uses.
NOTE Plain detonators and semi-finished detonators are normally activated by means of detonating cord, safety fuse, pyrotechnic igniter or shock tube.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the resistance of the electric detonators, non-electric detonators, plain detonators and electronic detonators to bending.
This document applies to explosives for civil uses.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the delay time accuracy of electric detonators, non-electric detonators, surface connectors and detonating cord relays with pyrotechnic delay elements.
This document applies to explosives for civil uses.
NOTE The method for determining the delay time accuracy for electronic initiation systems is included in prEN 13763-27.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the verification of the density of explosives for blasting, boosters and explosive substances.
This document also applies to solid gun propellants, solid rocket propellants, black powder used as propellants, as covered by EN 13938-1:2025.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determination of resistance to hydrostatic pressure of electric detonators, non-electric detonators, electronic detonators, surface connectors and detonating cord relays.
Detonating cord relays, stated by the manufacturer to be used in dry conditions, are excluded.
This document is applicable to explosives for civil uses.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the mechanical strength of electric detonators, electronic detonators and non-electronic detonators, leading wires/shock tubes, and their connections into the crimp/closure or sealing arrangement.
This method is applicable to explosives for civil uses.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method of determining the equivalent initiating capability of electric detonators, non-electric detonators and electronic detonators.
This document specifies a functioning test (after storage) at high and low temperatures.
This document is not applicable to surface connectors or detonating cord relays.
This document applies to explosives for civil uses.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies methods for determination of resistance to damage by dropping unto a hard surface for non-electric detonators, electric detonators, electronic detonators, plain detonators, detonating cord relays or surface connectors.
This document is applicable to explosives for civil uses.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the insensitiveness to impact of explosives for blasting and explosive substances.
This document also applies to black powder when used for blasting.
This document does not apply to boosters.
This document also applies to solid gun propellants, solid rocket propellants, black powder used as propellants, for safety fuse or for pyrotechnics and powder cakes as covered by EN 13938-1:2025.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining of resistance of electric detonators to electrostatic discharge (ESD).
This document is applicable to explosives for civil uses.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for propellants and rocket propellants. It is applicable to solid gun
propellants and solid rocket propellants.
This document also specifies requirements for powder cakes.
This document is applicable to black powder when used as propellant, for pyrotechnic articles or for
safety fuses.
This document does not apply to black powder used for blasting; for requirements for black powder used
for blasting, see EN 13631-1:2025.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the index of initiating capability for detonating cords.
The test method specified in this document is intended to assess only the index of initiation capability of detonating cords. See EN 13630-7:2025 for a test method for the verification of the reliability of initiation.
This document does not apply to safety fuses.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the electrical resistance of electric detonators. This document applies to explosives for civil uses.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the insensitiveness to friction of the core of detonating cords.
This document does not apply to safety fuses.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the capacitance, insulation resistance and insulation breakdown of leading wires of electric detonators and electronic detonators.
This document does not apply to non-electric detonators, surface connectors, detonating cord relays, shock tubes and electronic initiation systems.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This test method specifies a test method for the verification of the resistance to cutting damage of leading wires and shock tubes of leading wires of electric and electronic detonators as well as shock tubes of non-electric detonators, surface connectors and electronic detonators.
This document does not apply to detonating cord relays and electronic initiation systems.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This test method specifies a test method for the verification of the resistance to abrasion of leading wires of electric and electronic detonators as well as shock tubes of non-electric detonators, surface connectors and electronic detonators.
This document does not apply to detonating cord relays and electronic initiation systems.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the resistance to water of detonating cords and safety fuses.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the flash-over voltage of electric detonators.
This document does not apply to non-electric, electronic, plain or semi-finished detonators.
This document does not apply to surface connectors, detonating cord relays, leading wires, shock tubes, coupling accessories and electronic initiation systems.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the resistance to mechanical tension of detonating cords.
This document does not apply to safety fuses.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the insensitiveness to impact of detonating cords.
This document does not apply to safety fuses.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the resistance to abrasion of detonating cords.
This document does not apply to safety fuses.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the transmission of detonation from one detonating cord connected to another detonating cord.
This document does not apply to safety fuses.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for explosives for blasting, boosters and explosive substances.
This document also applies to black powder when used for blasting.
NOTE This document does not apply to black powder when used as propellant, for pyrotechnics or for safety fuses; for requirements for black powder used as propellant, for pyrotechnics or for safety fuses see EN 13938-1:2025.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies test methods for determining the burning duration of safety fuses.
This document does not apply to detonating cord.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the transmission of detonation of cartridged explosives for blasting.
This document does not apply to blasting explosives in bulk form, boosters, black powder and explosive substances.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for the verification of the thermal stability of detonating cords and safety fuses.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
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Frequently Asked Questions
An EU Directive is a legislative act of the European Union that sets out goals that all EU member states must achieve. However, it is up to each member state to devise their own laws on how to reach these goals through national transposition. Directives are used to harmonize laws across the EU, particularly for the functioning of the single market.
Directive 2014/28/EU covers "Directive 2014/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market and supervision of explosives for civil uses". This legislation has harmonized European standards (hENs) that provide a presumption of conformity with its essential requirements. There are 233 standards associated with this directive.
Harmonized standards under 2014/28/EU are European standards (ENs) developed by CEN, CENELEC, or ETSI in response to a mandate from the European Commission. When these standards are cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with them benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of 2014/28/EU, facilitating CE marking and free movement within the European Economic Area.