POD - Surge aresters

This part of IEC 61643 specifies standard test circuits and methods for thyristor surge
suppressor (TSS) components. These surge protective components, SPCs, are specially
formulated thyristors designed to limit overvoltages and divert surge currents by clamping and
switching actions. These SPCs are used in the construction of surge protective devices
(SPDs) and equipment used in Information & Communications Technologies (ICT) networks
with voltages up to AC 1 000 V and DC 1 500 V. This document is applicable to gated or nongated
TSS components with third quadrant (-v and –i) characteristics of blocking, conducting
or switching.
This document contains information on
• terminology;
• letter symbols;
• essential ratings and characteristics;
• rating verification and characteristic measurement;
This document does not apply to the conventional three-terminal thyristors as covered by
IEC 60747-6.

This document describes the principles for selection, installation and coordination of SPDs intended for use in Photovoltaic (PV) systems up to 1500 V DC and for the AC side of the PV system rated up to 1000 V rms 50/60 Hz.
The photovoltaic installation extends from a PV array or a set of interconnected PV-modules to include the associated cabling and protective devices and the converter up to the connection point in the distribution board or the utility supply point.
This document considers SPDs used in different locations and in different kinds of PV systems:
-   PV systems located on the top of a building;
-   PV systems located on the ground like free field power plants characterized by multiple earthing and a meshed earthing system.
The term PV installation is used to refer to both kinds of PV systems. The term PV power plant is only used for extended free-field multi-earthed power systems located on the ground.
For PV installations including batteries additional requirements could be necessary.
NOTE 1   The HD 60364 series, EN 62305 series and CLC/TS 61643 12 also apply.
NOTE 2   This document deals only with SPDs and not with surge protective components integrated inside equipment (e.g. inverters, (PCE) power conversion equipment).

EN-IEC 61643-331 is a test specification for metal oxide varistors (MOV), which are usedfor applications up to 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC in power lines, or telecommunication, orsignalling circuits. They are designed to protect apparatus or personnel, or both, from hightransient voltages.This document applies to MOVs having two electrodes and hybrid surge protectioncomponents. This document also does not apply to mountings and their effect on the MOV’scharacteristics. Characteristics given apply solely to the MOV mounted only in the waysdescribed for the tests.

This part of IEC 61643 is applicable to Surge Protective Devices (SPDs), intended for surge
protection against indirect and direct effects of lightning or other transient overvoltages.
These devices are designed to be connected to the DC side of photovoltaic installations rated
up to 1 500 V DC.
These devices contain at least one non-linear component and are intended to limit surge
voltages and divert surge currents. Performance characteristics, safety requirements,
standard methods for testing and ratings are established.
SPDs complying with this standard are exclusively dedicated to be installed on the DC side of
photovoltaic generators and the DC side of inverters.
SPDs for PV systems with energy storage (e.g. batteries, capacitor banks) are not covered.
SPDs with separate input and output terminals that contain specific series impedance
between these terminal(s) (so called two-port SPDs according to IEC 61643-11:2011) are not
covered.
SPDs compliant with this standard are designed to be permanently connected where
connection and disconnection of fixed SPDs can only be done using a tool. This standard
does not apply to portable SPDs
NOTE 1 In general SPDs for PV applications do not contain a specific series impedance between the input/output
terminals due to power efficiency considerations.
NOTE 2 Wherever reference is made to the electric power system or the power system within this document, this
refers to the DC side of the photovoltaic installation.

IEC 61643-331:2017E) is a test specification for metal oxide varistors (MOV), which are used for applications up to 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC in power line, or telecommunication, or signalling circuits. They are designed to protect apparatus or personnel, or both, from high transient voltages. This specification applies to MOVs having two electrodes and hybrid overvoltage protection components. This specification also does not apply to mountings and their effect on the MOV’s characteristics. Characteristics given apply solely to the MOV mounted only in the ways described for the tests. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2003. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) Update of the nominal varistor voltage test method; b) Addition of thermally protected varistors – component symbol and test methods; c) Addition of nominal discharge current – test methods; d) Addition of voltage ratings for disc types (Table 1); e) Addition of test currents for clamping voltage of disc types (Table 2); f) Addition of typical voltage ratings of SMD types (Table 3); and g) Addition of Limited current and temporary overvoltage tests for thermally protected varistors. Keywords: metal oxide varistors (MOV), high transient voltages.

This part of IEC 61643 covers the application of surge isolation transformers (SITs) that are
used in telecommunication transformer applications with signal levels up to 400 V peak to
peak. These transformers have a high rated impulse voltage with or without screen between
the input and output windings. SITs are components for surge protection and are used to
mitigate the onward propagation of common-mode voltage surges. This document describes
SITs' selection, application principles and related information. This document does not cover
power line communication transformers.

This part of IEC 60099 provides information, guidance, and recommendations for the
selection and application of surge arresters to be used in three-phase systems with nominal
voltages above 1 kV. It applies to gapless metal-oxide surge arresters as defined in
IEC 60099-4, to surge arresters containing both series and parallel gapped structure – rated
52 kV and less as defined in IEC 60099-6 and metal-oxide surge arresters with external series
gap for overhead transmission and distribution lines (EGLA) as defined in IEC 60099-8. In
Annex J, some aspects regarding the old type of SiC gapped arresters are discussed.
Surge arrester residual voltage is a major parameter to which most users have paid a lot of
attention to when selecting the type and rating. Typical maximum residual voltages are given
in Annex F. It is likely, however, that for some systems, or in some countries, the
requirements on system reliability and design are sufficiently uniform, so that the
recommendations of the present standard may lead to the definition of narrow ranges of
arresters. The user of surge arresters will, in that case, not be required to apply the whole
process introduced here to any new installation and the selection of characteristics resulting
from prior practice may be continued.
Annexes H and I present comparisons and calculations between old line discharge
classification and new charge classification.

To add an annex for portable SPDs for household and similar use.
This annex will contain the following specific requirements to ensure the requested level of intrinsic safety for such products, i.e. product tests and safety cannot rely on any external means:
- The position of the disconnector(s) : internal, i.e. all tests shall be made and passed without the help of any external means,
- Additional specifications for tests taking into account that line and neutral terminals can be reversed,
- Specific requirements and tests for surge protective components used with such SPDs

This part of IEC 60099 covers metal-oxide surge arresters with external series gap (externally
gapped line arresters (EGLA)) that are applied on overhead transmission and distribution
lines, only to protect insulator assemblies from lightning-caused flashovers.
This document defines surge arresters to protect the insulator assembly from lightning-caused
over-voltages only. Therefore, and since metal-oxide resistors are not permanently connected
to the line, the following items are not considered for this document:
• switching impulse spark-over voltage;
• residual voltage at steep current and switching current impulse;
• thermal stability;
• long-duration current impulse withstand duty;
• power-frequency voltage versus time characteristics of an arrester;
• disconnector test;
• aging duties by power-frequency voltage.
Considering the particular design concept and the special application on overhead
transmission and distribution lines, some unique requirements and tests are introduced, such
as the verification test for coordination between insulator withstand and EGLA protective
level, the follow current interrupting test, mechanical load tests, etc.
Designs with the EGLA's external series gap installed in parallel to an insulator are not
covered by this document.

Surge isolation transformers (SITs) are used for signal transformer applications with signal
levels up to 400 V peak to peak. SITs are transformers, with or without an internal-winding
screen, with a rated impulse withstand voltage greater than the peak voltage of the expected
common-mode surge environment. SITs are applicable to components for surge protection
against indirect and direct effects of lightning or other transient overvoltage. SITs are used to
mitigate the onward propagation of common-mode voltage surges. This part of IEC 61643
defines test circuits and test methods for determining and verifying the SIT surge parameters.
Preferred performance values for key parameters are given.
This part of IEC 61643 does not cover SIT operation under differential-mode lightning surge
conditions.

IEC 61643-22:2015 describes the principles for the selection, operation, location and coordination of SPDs connected to telecommunication and signalling networks with nominal system voltages up to 1 000 V r.m.s. a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. This standard also addresses SPDs that incorporate protection for signalling lines and power lines in the same enclosure (so called multiservice SPDs). This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2004. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- Update the use of multiservice SPDs (Article 8);
- Comparison between SPD classification of IEC 61643-11 and IEC 61643-21 (7.3.3);
- Consideration of new transmission systems as PoE (Annex F);
- EMC requirements of SPDs (Annex G);
- Maintenance cycles of SPDs (Annex I).
Keywords: SPD, surge protective devices

In addition to EN 61643-12, this Technical report describes the principle of erecting SPDs to be connected to 50 Hz a.c. power circuits, rated up to 1 000 V r.m.s. in conjunction with Class II equipments.
In addition to EN 61643-11, this Technical report gives specific guidance for SPDs intended to be installed in class II equipments.

2014-02-07 - UAP editing allocated to fdufour@cencenelec.eu* D147/C014: NWI approved for 3 month UAP

EN IEC 60099-4 applies to non-linear metal-oxide resistor type surge arresters without spark gaps designed to limit voltage surges on a.c. power circuits with Us above 1 kV.

EN IEC 60099-9 applies to non-linear metal-oxide resistor type surge arresters without spark gaps designed to limit overvoltages in HVDC converter stations of two terminal, multiterminal and back-to-back type up to and including an operating voltage of 1 100 kV. The standard applies in general to porcelain-housed and polymer-housed type arresters but also to gas-insulated metal enclosed arresters (GIS-arresters) solely used as d.c. bus and d.c. line/cable arresters. Arresters for voltage source converters are not covered. Arresters applied on the a.c. systems at the converter station and subjected to power-frequency voltage of 50 or 60 Hz principally without harmonics are tested as per IEC 60099-4. The arresters on a.c.-filters are tested according to this standard.

Is applicable to devices for surge protection of telecommunications and signalling etworks against indirect and direct effects of lightning or other transient overvoltages.

This part of IEC 61643 is applicable to gas discharge tubes (GDT) used for overvoltage protection in telecommunications, signalling and low-voltage power distribution networks with nominal system voltages up to 1 000 V (r.m.s.) a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. They are defined as a gap, or several gaps with two or three metal electrodes hermetically sealed so that gas mixture and pressure are under control. They are designed to protect apparatus or personnel, or both, from high transient voltages. This standard provides information about the characteristics and circuit applications of GDTs having two or three electrodes. This standard does not specify requirements applicable to complete surge protective devices, nor does it specify total requirements for GDTs employed within electronic devices, where precise coordination between GDT performance and surge protective device withstand capability is highly critical. This part of IEC 61643 - does not deal with mountings and their effect on GDT characteristics. Characteristics given apply solely to GDTs mounted in the ways described for the tests; - does not deal with mechanical dimensions; - does not deal with quality assurance requirements; - may not be sufficient for GDTs used on high-frequency (>30 MHz); - does not deal with electrostatic voltages; - does not deal with hybrid overvoltage protection components or composite GDT devices.

This part of IEC 61643 is applicable to gas discharge tubes (GDT) used for overvoltage protection in telecommunications, signalling and low-voltage power distribution networks with nominal system voltages up to 1 000 V (r.m.s.) a.c. and 1 500 V d.c..They are defined as a gap, or several gaps with two or three metal electrodes hermetically sealed so that gas mixture and pressure are under control. They are designed to protect apparatus or personnel, or both, from high transient voltages. This standard contains a series of test criteria, test methods and test circuits for determining the electrical characteristics of GDTs having two or three electrodes. This standard does not specify requirements applicable to complete surge protective devices, nor does it specify total requirements for GDTs employed within electronic devices, where precise coordination between GDT performance and surge protective device withstand capability is highly critical. This part of IEC 61643 - does not deal with mountings and their effect on GDT characteristics. Characteristics given apply solely to GDTs mounted in the ways described for the tests; - does not deal with mechanical dimensions; - does not deal with quality assurance requirements; - may not be sufficient for GDTs used on high-frequency (>30 MHz); - does not deal with electrostatic voltages; - does not deal with hybrid overvoltage protection components or composite GDT devices.

This European Standard defines the requirements and tests for SPDs intended to be installed on the d.c. side of photovoltaic installations to protect against induced and direct lightning effects. These devices are connected to d.c. power circuits of photovoltaic generators, rated up to 1 500 V. It takes into account that photovoltaic generators:
• behave like current generators,
• that their nominal current depends on the light intensity,
• that their short-circuit current is almost equal to the nominal current,
• are connected in series and/or parallel combinations leading to a great variety of voltages, currents and powers from a few hundreds of W (in residential installations) to several MW (photovoltaic fields). The very specific electrical parameters of PV installations on the d.c. side require specific test requirements for SPDs. SPDs with separate input and output terminal(s) that contain a specific series impedance between these terminal(s) (so called two port SPDs according to EN 61643-11) are currently not sufficiently covered by the requirements of this standard and require additional consideration. NOTE In general SPDs for PV applications do not contain a specific series impedance between the input/output terminals due to power efficiency considerations. SPDs complying with this standard are exclusively dedicated to be installed on the d.c. side of photovoltaic generators. PV installation including batteries and other d.c. applications are not taken into account and additional requirements and tests may be necessary for such applications. SPDs for which the manufacturers declares short circuit mode overload behaviour, shall require specific measures to ensure that such devices will not endanger the operator during maintenance and replacement due to possible d.c. arcing.

This part of IEC 61643 is applicable to devices for surge protection against indirect and direct effects of lightning or other transient overvoltages. These devices are packaged to be connected to 50/60 Hz a.c. power circuits, and equipment rated up to 1000 V r.m.s. Performance characteristics, standard methods for testing and ratings are established. These devices contain at least one nonlinear component and are intended to limit surge voltages and divert surge currents.

This Technical Specification applies to surge protection of wind turbine generators and wind power systems.
Normative references are made to generic standards for lightning protection, low-voltage  systems and high-voltage systems for machinery and installations and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
This Technical Specification defines requirements for selection and installation of surge protective devices for the power circuits. Some special information about particular testing are also included since there is not a current standard for testing surge protective devices for wind turbines.

This part of IEC 61643 describes the principles for selection, operation, location and coordination of SPDs to be connected to 50 Hz to 60 Hz a.c. and to d.c. power circuits and equipment rated up to 1 000 V r.m.s. or 1 500 V d.c.

Is applicable to devices for surge protection of telecommunications and signalling etworks against indirect and direct effects of lightning or other transient overvoltages.

EN following parallel vote

EN following parallel vote

Is applicable to devices for surge protection of telecommunications and signalling etworks against indirect and direct effects of lightning or other transient overvoltages.

EN following parallel vote

Gives the basic principles of artificial pollution testing of non-linear resistor type (valve type) surge arresters, together with details of pollutant compositions and methods of application and the procedures associated with each mode of pollution.

To be implemented in all countries except CH, FI & NO

Future EN 61643-311 (PR=22795), EN 61643-312 (PR=22796) and EN 61643-313 (PR=22797) will supersede EN 61643-311:2001

Will supersede EN 61643-11:2002 + A11:2007

This part of IEC 60099 is not a mandatory standard but provides information, guidance, and recommendations for the selection and application of surge arresters to be used in threephase systems with nominal voltages above 1 kV. It applies to gapless metal-oxide surge arresters as defined in IEC 60099-4, to surge arresters containing both series and parallel gapped structure - rated 52 kV and less as defined in IEC 60099-6 and metal-oxide surge arresters with external series gap for overhead transmission and distribution lines (EGLA) as defined in IEC 60099-8. In Annex H, some aspects regarding the old type of SiC gapped arresters are discussed. The principle of insulation coordination for an electricity system is given in IEC 60071 and IEC 60071-2 standards. Basically the insulation coordination process is a risk management aiming to ensure the safe, reliable and economic design and operation of high voltage electricity networks and substations. The use of surge arrester helps to achieve a system and equipment insulation level and still maintaining an acceptable risk and the best economic of scale. The introduction of analytical modelling and simulation of power system transients further optimise the equipment insulation level. The selection of surge arresters has become more and more important in the power system design and operation. It is worthwhile to note that the reliability of the power system and equipment is dependent on the safety margin adopted by the user in the design and selection of the equipments and surge arresters. Surge arrester residual voltage is a major parameter of which most users have paid a lot of attention to when selecting the type and rating. The typical maximum surge arresters residual voltage are given in Annex F. It is likely, however, that for some systems, or in some countries, the system reliability requirements and design are sufficiently uniform that the recommendations of the present standard may lead to the definition of narrow ranges of arresters. The user of surge arresters will, in that case, not be required to apply the whole process introduced here to any new installation and the selection of characteristics resulting from prior practice may be continued.

Details the test specifications for metal oxide varistors (MOV), which are used for applications up to 1000 V a.c. or 1500 V d.c. in power line, or telecommunication, or signalling circuits. The MOVs are designed to protect apparatus or personnel, or both from high transient voltages. Does not deal with hybrid devices. Does not apply also to mountings and their effect on the MOVs characteristics.

This part of IEC 60099 covers metal-oxide surge arresters with external series gap (externally gapped line arresters (EGLA) that are applied on overhead transmission and distribution lines, only to protect insulator assemblies from lightning-caused flashovers.
This standard defines surge arresters to protect the insulator assembly from lightning-caused overvoltages only. Therefore, and since the metal-oxide resistors are not permanently connected to the line, the following items are not considered for this standard:
• switching impulse sparkover voltage;
• residual voltage at steep current and switching current impulse;
• thermal stability;
• long-duration current impulse withstand duty;
• power-frequency voltage versus time characteristics of an arrester;
• disconnector test;
• aging duties by power-frequency voltage.
Considering the particular design concept and the special application on overhead transmission and distribution lines, some unique requirements and tests are introduced, such as the verification test for coordination between insulator withstand and EGLA protective level, the follow current interrupting test, mechanical load tests, etc.
Designs with the EGLA's external series gap installed in parallel to an insulator are not covered by this standard.

This Technical Specification describes the principles for selection, location, coordination and operation of SPDs to be connected to PV installations. The d.c. side is rated up to 1 500 V d.c. and the a.c. side, if any, is rated up to 1 000 V rms 50 Hz. The electrical installation starts from a PV generator or a set of interconnected PV modules with their cables, provided by the PV generator manufacturer, up to the user installation or the utility supply point. For PV installations including batteries, additional requirements will be necessary.

This part of IEC 61643 is applicable to devices for surge protection against indirect and direct effects of lightning or other transient overvoltages. These devices are packaged to be connected to 50/60 Hz a.c. and d.c. power circuits, and equipment rated up to 1 000 V r.m.s. or 1 500 V d.c. Performance characteristics, standard methods for testing, and ratings are established for these devices that contain at least one nonlinear component that is intended to limit surge voltages and divert surge currents.

Amandma A11:2008 je dodatek k standardu SIST EN 61643-11:2002
Is applicable to devices for surge protection against indirect and direct effects of lightning or other transient overvoltages. These devices are packaged to be connected to 50/60 Hz and d.c. power circuits, and equipment rated up to 1000 V r.m.s. or 1500 V d.c. Performance characteristics, standard methods for testing, and ratings are established for these devices that contain at least one nonlinear component that is intended to limit surge voltages and divert surge currents.

Is applicable to devices for surge protection against indirect and direct effects of lightning or other transient overvoltages. These devices are packaged to be connected to 50/60 Hz and d.c. power circuits, and equipment rated up to 1000 V r.m.s. or 1500 V d.c. Performance characteristics, standard methods for testing, and ratings are established for these devices that contain at least one nonlinear component that is intended to limit surge voltages and divert surge currents.

This Technical Specification applies to non linear metal-oxide resistor type surge arresters (MO surge arresters) without spark gaps designed to limit voltage surges on d.c. traction systems with nominal voltage up to 1 500 V. This Technical Specification applies to protection of equipment. Same principles for selection and application apply for MO surge arresters on d.c. traction systems with nominal voltage 3 000 V.

Superseded by EN 60099-4:2014

Superseded by EN 60099-4:2014

Applies to non-linear metal-oxide resistor type surge arresters without spark gaps designed to limit voltage surges on a.c. power circuits.

EN following parallel vote

Provides recommendations for the selection and application of surge arresters to be used in three-phase systems with nominal voltages above 1kV. It applies to non-linear resistor type gapped surge arresters as defined in EN 60099-1 and to gapless metal-oxide surge arresters as defined in EN 60099-4.

This TS 61643-22 describes the principles for the selection,  operation, location and coordination of SPDs connected to  telecommunication and signalling networks with nominal  system voltages up to 1 000 V r.m.s. a.c. and 1 500 V d.c.  This TS also addresses SPDs that incorporate protection for  signalling lines and power lines in the same enclosure.

EN following parallel vote

This Technical Specification deals with the protection of PV installations against overvoltages. It deals with the protection of the PV installation against surge overvoltages induced by direct and indirect lightning strikes. If such a PV installation is connected to an AC-supply system this document is applicable as a complement of HD 60364-4-443, HD 60364-5-534 and HD 60364-7-712 and also CLC/TS 61643-12. Surge protective devices (SPD) installed on the AC side shall comply with EN 61643-11.

This part of IEC 61643 describes the principles for selection, operation, location and co-ordination of SPDs to be connected to 50 Hz to 60 Hz a.c. power circuits and equipment rated up to 1 000 V r.m.s..

Superseded by EN 60099-4:2004

Superseded by EN 60099-4:2004