CIS/H - Limits for the protection of radio services

CISPR TR 31: 2024, which is a Technical Report, covers the rationale behind the database containing the characteristics of radio services. The database is a "living document " in the format of a spreadsheet file in the EMC Zone of the IEC web site: https://www.iec.ch/emc/radio-services-database . As new input for the IEC Radio Services Database arrives, this Technical Report provides guidance and support for the systematic collation of data on those radio services which are relevant for determination of CISPR limits according to CISPR TR 16-4-4. All interested parties are invited to contribute with relevant data to the database, e.g., via the National Committees represented in CISPR/H. The objective of the database is to register those characteristics which are relevant for derivation and specification of limits for disturbances from electric and/or electronic equipment, systems and installations. Committees responsible for generic and/or product emission EMC standards use this information together with CISPR TR 16-4-4.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) A new Clause 3 covers a line of essential definitions of radio parameters, the knowledge of which is necessary to get qualified input data for inclusion of essential requirements in the present radio services database (RSD) maintained by CISPR and IEC.
b) The radio parameters and conditions of use of radio receivers listed in Table 1 of this edition of CISPR TR 31 are provided now with instructive advice in its new Subclauses 5.1 and 5.2, on selection of data for input to the RSD and retrieval of that data for consideration and use with the limits setting model as in CISPR TR 16-4-4 which was missing in the previous edition of CISPR TR 31.
c) Finally, another new informative Annex B informs, to the extent necessary, on the principles of ITU-R on determination of data for the minimum usable field strength (to be inserted in Column (E) of the RSD) and of the associated tolerable disturbance at the antenna of the radio reception system or other self-contained radio receiver (also to be used as input with the limits-setting model in CISPR TR 16-4-4), which concerns only parties who are concerned with designing and projecting of radio-communication/broadcast networks and with coverage planning of related radio services. Knowledge of these fundamental principles also by CISPR experts will ensure that only valid data will get future input to the RSD maintained by CISPR and IEC.

CISPR TR 16-4-6:2024 which is a Technical Report, applies to the acquisition, processing and preparation of statistical data of radio interference cases to facilitate the evaluation of the effectiveness of CISPR standards with respect to their potential to prevent radio frequency interference (RFI). This document also provides a method for the analysis and evaluation of the residual risk of occurrence of the incidence of RFI in the electromagnetic environment. This document also provides guidance for how an interested party can verify the root cause of RFI. This can be applied to either a reported RFI case or a case otherwise suspected of constituting an “RFI scenario”, by inspection and field strength measurements at the local site in the given electromagnetic environment. Acquisition of statistical data according to this document only encompasses RFI incidences which affect radio reception by radio receivers or respective receiver components.

IEC 61000-6-3:2020 is a generic EMC emission standard applicable only if no relevant dedicated product or product family EMC emission standard has been published. This part of IEC 61000 for emission requirements applies to electrical and electronic equipment intended for use at residential (see 3.1.14) locations. This part of IEC 61000 also applies to electrical and electronic equipment intended for use at other locations that do not fall within the scope of IEC 61000-6-8 or IEC 61000-6-4. The intention is that all equipment used in the residential, commercial and light-industrial environments are covered by IEC 61000-6-3 or IEC 61000-6-8. If there is any doubt the requirements in IEC 61000-6-3 apply. The conducted and radiated emission requirements in the frequency range up to 400 GHz are considered essential and have been selected to provide an adequate level of protection of radio reception in the defined electromagnetic environment. Not all disturbance phenomena have been included for testing purposes but only those considered relevant for the equipment intended to operate within the locations included within this document. The emission requirements in this document are not intended to be applicable to the intentional transmissions and their harmonics from a radio transmitter as defined by the ITU. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2006 and its Amendment 1:2010. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) alternative method for measuring conducted emissions on DC ports;
b) limits and requirements applicable only to equipment intended to be used in residential locations;
c) more stringent limits for DC power ports.
NOTE 1 Safety considerations are not covered by this document.
NOTE 2 In special cases, situations will arise where the levels specified in this document will not offer adequate protection; for example where a sensitive receiver is used in close proximity to an equipment. In these instances, special mitigation measures can be employed. NOTE 3 Disturbances generated in fault conditions of equipment are not covered by this document.
NOTE 4 As the requirements in this document are more stringent or equivalent to those requirements in IEC 61000-6-4 and IEC 61000-6-8, equipment fulfilling the requirements of this document comply with the requirements of IEC 61000-6-4 and IEC 61000-6-8.

IEC 61000-6-8: 2020 is a generic EMC emission standard and is applicable only if no relevant dedicated product or product family EMC emission standard has been published. This part of IEC 61000 for emission requirements applies to electrical and electronic equipment intended for use in commercial and light-industrial (see 3.1.3) locations. This document applies to equipment that satisfy the following restrictions of use:
is defined as professional equipment (see 3.1.13),
is professionally installed and maintained (see 3.1.14 and Clause 6),
is not intended to be used in residential locations (see 3.1.16).
IEC 61000-6-3 applies to electrical and electronic equipment intended for use at commercial and light-industrial locations that do not satisfy these restrictions. The intention is that all equipment used in the residential, commercial and light-industrial environments are covered by IEC 61000-6-3 or IEC 61000-6-8. If there is any doubt, the requirements in IEC 61000-6-3 apply. Emission requirements within the frequency range 0 Hz to 400 GHz are covered. The conducted and radiated emission requirements in the frequency range up to 400 GHz are considered essential and have been selected to provide an adequate level of protection of radio reception in the defined electromagnetic environment. Not all disturbance phenomena have been included for testing purposes but only those considered relevant for the equipment intended to operate within the locations included within this document. The emission requirements in this document are not intended to be applicable to the intentional transmissions and their harmonics from a radio transmitter as defined by the ITU.
NOTE 1 Safety considerations are not covered by this document.
NOTE 2 In special cases, situations will arise where the levels specified in this document will not offer adequate protection; for example where a sensitive receiver is used in close proximity to an equipment. In these instances, employ special mitigation measures to reduce any impact.
NOTE 3 Disturbances generated in fault conditions of equipment are not covered by this document.
NOTE 4 Equipment which complies with IEC 61000-6-3 are suitable for use within these defined locations.

This Technical Report contains a recommendation on how to deal with statistics of radio interference complaints. Furthermore it describes the calculation of limits for disturbance field strength and voltage for the measurement on a test site based on models for the distribution of disturbances by radiated and conducted coupling. This second edition of CISPR 16-4-4 contains two thoroughly updated Clauses 4 and 5, compared with its first edition. It also contains, in its new Annex A, values of the classical CISPR mains decoupling factor which were determined by measurements in real low-voltage AC mains grids in the 1960s.respectively.

IEC 61000-6-4:2018 for emission requirements applies to electrical and electronic equipment intended for use within the environment existing at industrial (see 3.1.12) locations. This document does not apply to equipment that fall within the scope of IEC 61000-6-3. The environments encompassed by this document cover both indoor and outdoor locations. Emission requirements in the frequency range 9 kHz to 400 GHz are covered in this document and have been selected to provide an adequate level of protection of radio reception in the defined electromagnetic environment. No measurement needs to be performed at frequencies where no requirement is specified. These requirements are considered essential to provide an adequate level of protection to radio services. Not all disturbance phenomena have been included for testing purposes but only those considered relevant for the equipment intended to operate within the environments included within this document. Requirements are specified for each port considered. This generic EMC emission standard is to be used where no applicable product or product-family EMC emission standard is available. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2006 and Amendment 1:2010 This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) possible future requirements on DC ports;
b) possible future radiated polarity specific emission limits within a FAR;
c) the definition of which average detector is used for emission measurements at frequencies above 1GHz and that results using a peak detector are acceptable for all measurements;
d) the definition of different EUT test arrangements.
Keywords: emission standard for industrial environments

CISPR/TR 31:2012 covers the rationale behind the actual database covering the characteristics of radio services. The objective of the database is to register those characteristics which are relevant for derivation and specification of limits for disturbance emissions from electric and/or electronic equipment, systems and installations. Committees responsible for generic and/or product emission EMC standards should use this information together with CISPR 23. This second edition includes the replacement of CISPR 23 as reference standard for the determination of limits by CISPR 16-4-4:2007 on "model for the calculation of limits for the protection of radio services".

Applies to rectangular connectors designed for use in equipment for telecommunication, electronic data processing and in electronic equipment or devices employing similar techniques. Should be used in conjunction with the relevant detail specification(s).

This part of IEC 61000 for EMC emission requirements applies to electrical and electronic apparatus intended for use in industrial environments as described below. Emission requirements in the frequency range 0 Hz to 400 GHz are covered. No measurement needs to be performed at frequencies where no requirement is specified. This generic EMC emission standard is applicable if no relevant dedicated product or product-family EMC emission standard exists. This standard applies to a apparatus intended to be connected to a power network supplied from a high or medium voltage transformer dedicated to the supply of an installation feeding manufacturing or similar plant, and intended to operate in or in proximity to industrial locations, as described below. This standard applies also to apparatus, which is battery operated and intended to be used in industrial locations. The environments encompassed by this standard are industrial, both indoor and outdoor. Industrial locations are in addition characterised by the existence of one or more of the following examples: - industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) apparatus; - heavy inductive or capacitive loads that are frequently switched; - high currents and associated magnetic fields. The object of this standard is to define the emission test requirements for apparatus defined in the scope in relation to continuous and transient, conducted and radiated disturbances. The emission requirements have been selected so as to ensure that disturbances generated by apparatus operating normally in industrial locations do not exceed a level that could prevent other apparatus from operating as intended. Fault conditions of apparatus are not taken into account. Not all disturbance phenomena have been included for testing purposes in this standard but only those considered as relevant for the equipment covered by this standard. These requirements represent essential electromagnetic compatibility emission requirements. Requirements are specified for each port considered.

IEC 61000-6-3:2006+A1:2010 This part of IEC 61000 for EMC emission requirements applies to electrical and electronic apparatus intended for use in residential, commercial and light-industrial environments. Emission requirements in the frequency range 0 Hz to 400 GHz are covered. No measurement needs to be performed at frequencies where no requirement is specified. This generic EMC emission standard is applicable if no relevant dedicated product or product-family EMC emission standard exists. This standard applies to apparatus intended to be directly connected to a low-voltage public mains network or connected to a dedicated DC source, which is intended to interface between the apparatus and the low-voltage public mains network. This standard applies also to apparatus which is battery operated or is powered by a non-public, but non-industrial, low-voltage power distribution system if this apparatus is intended to be used in the locations described below. The environments encompassed by this standard are residential, commercial and light-industrial locations, both indoor and outdoor. The following list, although not comprehensive, gives an indication of locations that are included:
- residential properties, for example houses, apartments;
- retail outlets, for example shops, supermarkets;
- business premises, for example offices, banks;
- areas of public entertainment, for example cinemas, public bars, dance halls;
- outdoor locations, for example petrol stations, car parks, amusement and sports centres;
- light-industrial locations, for example workshops, laboratories, service centres.
Locations that are characterised by being supplied directly at low voltage from the public mains network are considered to be residential, commercial or light-industrial. The object of this standard is to define the emission test requirements for apparatus defined in the scope in relation to continuous and transient, conducted and radiated disturbances. The emission requirements have been selected so as to ensure that disturbances generated by apparatus operating normally in residential, commercial and light-industrial locations do not exceed a level which could prevent other apparatus from operating as intended. Fault conditions of apparatus are not taken into account. Not all disturbance phenomena have been included for testing purposes in this standard but only those considered as relevant for the equipment covered by this standard. These requirements represent essential electromagnetic compatibility emission requirements. Requirements are specified for each port considered. This consolidated version consists of the second edition (2006) and its amendment 1 (2010). Therefore, no need to order amendment in addition to this publication.

CISPR 16-2-5:2008(E) deals with in situ electromagnetic disturbance measurements in any environment from physically large equipment and systems excluding networks. It covers both radiated and conducted emission phenomena, and does not deal with immunity tests. This technical report is intended to be applied primarily to such physically large equipment which are not under the scope of any existing emission standards (as for example CISPR 11 and CISPR 22). It serves only as a guideline on how to deal with emissions of that equipment at the particular location of installation. It does not establish any emission requirements. Due to the severe impact of the conditions existing at a particular location of operation and the use of the respective large equipment, however, it is not intended to use the measurements in the frame of type testing. Reference in-situ measurement distances will be given. This allows comparison of the measurement results with limits from existing relevant standards. The frequency range under consideration is from 9 kHz to 18 GHz.

This part of IEC 61000 for EMC emission requirements applies to electrical and electronic apparatus intended for use in residential, commercial and light-industrial environments. Emission requirements in the frequency range 0 Hz to 400 GHz are covered. No measurement needs to be performed at frequencies where no requirement is specified. This generic EMC emission standard is applicable if no relevant dedicated product or product-family EMC emission standard exists. This standard applies to apparatus intended to be directly connected to a low-voltage public mains network or connected to a dedicated DC source, which is intended to interface between the apparatus and the low-voltage public mains network. This standard applies also to apparatus which is battery operated or is powered by a non-public, but non-industrial, low-voltage power distribution system if this apparatus is intended to be used in the locations described below. The environments encompassed by this standard are residential, commercial and light-industrial locations, both indoor and outdoor. The following list, although not comprehensive, gives an indication of locations that are included: - residential properties, for example houses, apartments; - retail outlets, for example shops, supermarkets; - business premises, for example offices, banks; - areas of public entertainment, for example cinemas, public bars, dance halls; - outdoor locations, for example petrol stations, car parks, amusement and sports centres; - light-industrial locations, for example workshops, laboratories, service centres. Locations that are characterised by being supplied directly at low voltage from the public mains network are considered to be residential, commercial or light-industrial. The object of this standard is to define the emission test requirements for apparatus defined in the scope in relation to continuous and transient, conducted and radiated disturbances. The emission requirements have been selected so as to ensure that disturbances generated by apparatus operating normally in residential, commercial and light-industrial locations do not exceed a level which could prevent other apparatus from operating as intended. Fault conditions of apparatus are not taken into account. Not all disturbance phenomena have been included for testing purposes in this standard but only those considered as relevant for the equipment covered by this standard. These requirements represent essential electromagnetic compatibility emission requirements. Requirements are specified for each port considered.

This Technical Report covers the rationale behind the actual database covering the characteristics of radio services. The objective of the database is to register those characteristics which are relevant for derivation and specification of limits for disturbance emissions from electric and/or electronic equipment, systems and installations. Committees responsible for generic and/or product emission EMC standards should use this information together with CISPR 23.