CISPR TR 16-4-4:2007/AMD2:2020

CISPR TR 16-4-4 ®
Edition 2.0 2020-04
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE

AMENDMENT 2
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods –
Part 4-4: Uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling – Statistics of complaints
and a model for the calculation of limits for the protection of radio services
CISPR TR 16-4-4:2007-07/AMD2:2020-04(en)

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CISPR TR 16-4-4 ®
Edition 2.0 2020-04
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE

AMENDMENT 2
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and

methods –
Part 4-4: Uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling – Statistics of complaints

and a model for the calculation of limits for the protection of radio services

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-8224-3

– 2 – CISPR TR 16-4-4:2007/AMD2:2020
© IEC 2020
FOREWORD
This amendment has been prepared by CISPR subcommittee H: Limits for the protection of
radio services.
The text of this amendment is based on the following documents:
Draft TR Report on voting
CIS/H/402/DTR CIS/H/407A/RVDTR

Full information on the voting for the approval of this amendment can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
The committee has decided that the contents of this amendment and the base publication will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

_____________
2 Normative references
Replace the references to IEC 60050(161) and CISPR 11 with the following:
IEC 60050-161, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 161: Electromagnetic
compatibility (available at http://www.electropedia.org)
CISPR 11, Industrial, scientific and medical equipment – Radio-frequency disturbance
characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement
Add the following new reference:
CISPR 15:2018, Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of
electrical lighting and similar equipment

© IEC 2020
3 Terms and definitions
Replace Clause 3 with the following new Clause 3:
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-161 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
complaint
request for assistance made to the RFI investigation service by the user of a radio receiving
equipment who complains that reception is degraded by radio frequency interference (RFI)
3.1.2
RFI investigation service
institution having the task of investigating reported cases of radio frequency interference and
which operates at the national basis
EXAMPLE  Radio service provider, CATV network provider, administration, regulatory authority.
3.1.3
source
any type of electric or electronic equipment, system, or (part of) installation emanating
disturbances in the radio frequency (RF) range which can cause radio frequency interference
to a certain kind of radio receiving equipment

3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms
E permissible interference field strength at the point A in space where the antenna of
ir
the victim receiver is located – without consideration of probability factors
E permissible interference field strength at the point A in space where the antenna of
Limit
the victim receiver is located – with consideration of probability factors
protection ratio
R
P
C coupling factor describing the proportionality of the field strength E with the square
PV
root of the power P injected as common mode into the radiating structure by the
apparatus (GCPC)
Group A defined PV generator group for single-family detached houses
Group B defined PV generator group for multi-storey buildings with flat roof tops
Group C defined PV generator group for sun tracking supports (“trees”)
Group D defined PV generator group for large barns in the countryside
ρ probability of an individual PV generator being a member of Group i
i
C group-independent mean value for the coupling factor
PV
– 4 – CISPR TR 16-4-4:2007/AMD2:2020
© IEC 2020
P disturbance power emitted by a GCPC with the complex source impedance Z
S S
P power injected into the PV generator eventually radiated via that installation
L
P disturbance power determined at the DC-AN on a standardized test site according
TC
to CISPR 11 with fixed impedance Z = 150 Ω
TC
U permitted disturbance voltage limit
Limit
P probability for time coincidence (µ in dB)
7 P7
P probability for location coincidence (µ in dB)
8 P8
P probability for frequency coincidence inclusive harmonics(µ in dB)
4 P4
m mismatch loss in use case (between the GCPC with complex source impedance Z
L S
and the PV generator with complex load impedance Z )
L
m mismatch loss in test case (between the GCPC with complex source impedance Z
TC S
and the DC-AN according to CISPR 11 with measurement impedance fixed to
Z = 150 Ω)
TC
AMN artificial mains network
CM common mode
DC-AN DC artificial network
DM differential mode
GCPC grid connected power converter
S/N noise power/signal power
5.6.5.2.10.2 Estimation for the possible range of μ
P10
Add, at the end of 5.6.5.2.10.2, added by Amendment 1, the following new Subclauses 5.6.5.3
and 5.6.5.4:
5.6.5.3 Rationale for determination of CISPR limits for photovoltaic (PV) power
generating systems
For a model for the derivation of limits for photovoltaic (PV) power generating systems see
Annex C.
5.6.5.4 Rationale for determination of CISPR limits for in-house extra low voltage (ELV)
lighting installations
For a model for the estimation of radiation from in-house extra low voltage (ELV) lighting
installations see Annex D.
Add, after the existing Annex B, the following new Annex C and Annex D:

© IEC 2020
Annex C
(informative)
Model for estimation of radiation from photovoltaic (PV)
power generating systems
C.1 Overview
This annex presents a model for the estimation of radiation from photovoltaic (PV) power
generating systems in the radio frequency range. The model is based on theoretical
assumptions, measurement and simulation results as well as on a database with the statistical
values of relevant parameters together with appropriate model factors. The simulation results
were validated by measurement.
The model was developed for verification of the limits for the LV DC power port of power
converters (GCPCs) intended for assembly into PV power generating systems specified in
CISPR 11.
The subject of interest was the frequency range below 30 MHz and PV generators with a
nominal power throughput in the range up to 20 kVA. Of the two known modes of conducted
disturbances, radiation caused by conducted common mode (CM) disturbances was found to
be dominant. Therefore the model exclusively considers radiation caused by common mode RF
currents (i.e. antenna mode currents).
The structure of this annex is divided into two main parts.
Clause C.2 describes the general model approach mainly consisting of physical rationale,
formulae and procedural methods needed for the characterization of the interrelation of the
relevant influence factors.
The approach is based on the application of practical data for the various model input
parameters gained from measurement, simulation and statistics. Clause C.3 provides the
calculation of a resulting limit which serves the primary task of verification of the limits for the
LV DC power port of power converters specified in CISPR 11.
C.2 Description of the basic model
C.2.1 Overview
To provide a model suitable for an estimation of radiation from photovoltaic (PV) power
generating systems, various influence factors have to be considered.

– 6 – CISPR TR 16-4-4:2007/AMD2:2020
© IEC 2020
Figure C.1 gives a schematic overview of the determined influence parameters considered in
the model and their interrelation.

Figure C.1 – Schematic overview of the considered model influence factors
Initially, the permissible value for the disturbance field strength limit E was determined, at
Limit
a given point A in space where the antenna of the victim receiver is located, with help of the
given formula for the mathematical interrelation of relevant parameters in a remote coupling
situation (see C.2.2).
In a second step a model for the PV power generating system was introduced to determine the
RFI potential. Subsequently, typical classes of PV power generating systems were selected.
Sets of appropriate input parameters for modelling the radiation characteristics were
determined (see C.2.3). Those input parameters comprise all the mechanical and electrical data
of the solar generator used during its simulation, including electrical permittivity and
conductivity of the surrounding ground.
Based on these conventions and assumptions, the coupling between the electromagnetic field
at the victim receiver location and the PV generator was characterized by a parameter
). By means of the field strength limit E and this coupling
(introduced as coupling factor C
PV Limit
factor C the maximum permissible disturbance power P injected into the PV generator was
PV L
estimated. Thereby the basic model for the PV power generating system was completed (see
C.2.4).
In addition, the effects of power mismatch losses in test site conditions and at the place of
operation of PV power generating systems were used to refine the model (see C.2.5).

© IEC 2020
C.2.2 Conditions at the location of the antenna of the victim receiver
Considering the technical parameters for reliable transmission and reception of the radio
service or application to be protected, the permissible interference field strength E (without
ir
consideration of probability factors) at the point A in space where the antenna of the victim
receiver is located can be determined by subtracting the necessary protection ratio R from the
P
minimum wanted field strength E needed for this radio reception (see Equation (C.1), all
w
quantities expressed in logarithmic units).
EE− R (C.1)
ir w P
The permissible interference field strength is based on the measurement bandwidth of 9 kHz
for the frequency range in question used together with the limit. If the radio service evaluated
uses the same bandwidths, as in the case of broadcast radio, no change is necessary. If
however the bandwidth of the victim radio service is lower than the measurement bandwidth, a
correction shall be applied according to 5.6.6.2 (see Equation (C.2)).
b
victim
EE= +×10 log (C.2)

ir,corr ir
b
measurement
When the calculation of limits for the DC power port of a power converter (GCPC) intended for
assembly into a PV power generating system is considered, then only the radiation coupling
path to the victim radio receiver needs to be considered. The conductive coupling via the LV AC
mains lines is considered to be highly unlikely due t
...