SIST EN 12786:2013

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Varnost strojev - Pravila za oblikovanje poglavij o vibracijah v varnostnih standardihSicherheit von Maschinen - Anleitung für die Abfassung der Abschnitte über Schwingungen in SicherheitsnormenSécurité des machines - Guide relatif à la rédaction des clauses vibrations des normes de sécuritéSafety of machinery - Rules for the drafting of the vibration clauses of safety standards17.160Vibracije, meritve udarcev in vibracijVibrations, shock and vibration measurements13.110Varnost strojevSafety of machinery01.120Standardizacija. Splošna pravilaStandardization. General rulesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12786:2013SIST EN 12786:2013en,fr,de01-julij-2013SIST EN 12786:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12786:20001DGRPHãþD



SIST EN 12786:2013



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12786
February 2013 ICS 01.120; 13.110; 17.160 Supersedes EN 12786:1999English Version
Safety of machinery - Requirements for the drafting of the vibration clauses of safety standards
Sécurité des machines - Exigences relatives à la rédaction des clauses vibrations des normes de sécurité
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Anforderungen an die Abfassung der Abschnitte über Schwingungen in Sicherheitsnormen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 December 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
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B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12786:2013: ESIST EN 12786:2013



EN 12786:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3 Introduction .4 1 Scope .5 2 Normative references .5 3 Requirements for drafting the vibration clauses in type-C standards .5 Annex A (informative)
Further guidance on comparative vibration emission data . 13 Annex B (informative)
Content of Directive 2006/42/EC relevant to vibration . 14 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 16 Bibliography . 17
SIST EN 12786:2013



EN 12786:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12786:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 231 “Mechanical vibration and shock”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12786:1999. The main changes to the first edition EN 12786:1999 are: – adapted to the requirements of Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC; – Annex B with content of Directive 2006/42/EC relevant to vibration added; – referenced documents updated. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This European Standard supplements and develops examples of how to deal with vibration as a health risk to machine operators as set out in the Guide to application of the Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC. Risks to machine operators from hand-transmitted and whole-body vibration can be assessed by reference to EN ISO 5349-1 and ISO 2631-1, respectively, and by reference to the Non-binding guide to good practice for implementing Directive 2002/44/EC (Vibrations at Work). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 12786:2013



EN 12786:2013 (E) 4 Introduction For many machines, vibration is a significant hazard, i.e. a hazard which an assessment has identified as requiring a specific action on the part of the manufacturer or supplier (see EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.8). If the manufacturer ensures that a machine complies with the relevant harmonized type-C safety standard, the machine is presumed to comply with all of the essential requirements addressed by that standard. The information contained in this European Standard will help writers of standards to address the essential requirements relevant to vibration and is based on the following principles: a) vibration risk reduction is an integral part of machinery safety; b) machinery shall be so designed and constructed that risks resulting from vibration produced by the machinery are reduced to the lowest level, taking account of technical progress and available means of reducing vibration, in particular at source; and c) where vibration is assessed as a significant hazard, the vibration clauses of the type-C standard shall deal with aspects including minimizing the risk through design and protective measures, the provision of information about residual risk and instructions for safe use. For portable hand-held and hand-guided machinery, and mobile machinery, the declaration of vibration emission is mandatory. This requirement is not dependent on the assessment of vibration as a significant hazard. The type-C standard should address the declaration of vibration emission. Employers are required to comply with national legislation on the health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from vibration. Employers should assess those risks and control them. The duties of machinery suppliers indicated in this standard are complementary to those of employers: by supplying safe work equipment, giving warnings of residual risk and providing information to enable safe use of the machinery they can help employers to control risks. It is therefore important that type-C safety standards deal adequately with vibration risks. This document is a type-B standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The provisions of this document can be supplemented or modified by a type-C standard. For machines which are covered by the scope of a type-C standard and which have been designed and built according to the provisions of that standard, the provisions of that type-C standard take precedence over the provisions of this type-B standard. The provisions of this document are intended to be used by the Technical Committee drafting a type-C standard, while taking account of the specific requirements for the machinery dealt with and of the structure of the type-C standard. It is important that type-C safety standards deal adequately with vibration risks.
SIST EN 12786:2013



EN 12786:2013 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard gives guidance for the writers of harmonized type-C machinery safety standards on how to deal with vibration where hand-transmitted vibration and/or whole-body vibration is identified as a significant hazard. This European Standard also gives guidance on how to deal with the requirement for declaration of the vibration emission of portable hand-held and/or hand-guided machinery and for mobile machinery. This European Standard supplements EN ISO 12100. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. CR 1030-1, Hand-arm vibration — Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction — Part 1: Engineering methods by design of machinery EN 1032, Mechanical vibration — Testing of mobile machinery in order to determine the vibration emission value EN 12096, Mechanical vibration — Declaration and verification of vibration emission values CEN/TR 15172-1, Whole-body vibration — Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction — Part 1: Engineering methods by design of machinery EN 30326-1, Mechanical vibration — Laboratory method for evaluating vehicle seat vibration — Part 1: Basic requirements (ISO 10326-1) EN ISO 5349-1, Mechanical vibration — Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-transmitted vibration — Part 1: General requirements (ISO 5349-1) EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010) EN ISO 20643, Mechanical vibration — Hand-held and hand-guided machinery — Principles for evaluation of vibration emission (ISO 20643) ISO 2631-1, Mechanical vibration and shock — Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration — Part 1: General requirements 3 Requirements for drafting the vibration clauses in type-C standards 3.1 General drafting rules 3.1.1 General The provisions of this European Standard shall be used by the Technical Committee drafting a type-C standard, while taking account of the specific requirements for the machinery dealt with and of the structure of the type-C standard. SIST EN 12786:2013



EN 12786:2013 (E) 6 3.1.2 Vibration as a significant hazard Hazardous vibration from human contact with machinery (see EN ISO 12100:2010, Table B.1 row 5) is generally categorized as:  hand-transmitted vibration (hand-arm vibration), usually from hand-held, hand-guided or hand-fed machines, or from the controls of some mobile machines; or  whole-body vibration from the supporting surface (e.g. seat or floor), usually (but not exclusively) in mobile machines. The requirements for managing risks from hand-transmitted vibration and whole-body vibration are different and, where appropriate, they are treated separately in the clauses below. Machine manufacturers are required to reduce the vibrations transmitted to the operator to the lowest level, taking account of technical progress and the availability of means of reducing vibration, in particular at source (see Annex B, rows 2 and 3). The requirements of the type-C standard shall meet this objective. This should be achieved by applying the following three step method so far as possible in the order presented (see Annex B, row 1):  by inherent safe design (see EN ISO 12100:2010, 6.2);  by safeguarding (see EN ISO 12100:2010, 6.3); and  by information for use (see EN ISO 12100:2010, 6.4); If, for the machinery identified in the scope of the type-C standard, the vibration hazard is considered to be significant the type-C standard shall  include vibration in the list of significant hazards, see 3.2;  formulate measures for reducing risk so far as possible, see 3.3;  provide information on how compliance with these requirements can be verified, see 3.4; and  include in the clause “Information for use” requirements on information regarding management of residual risk from vibration, see 3.5. Vibration emission values shall be declared and these have an important role in the verification that risks from vibration have been reduced to the lowest level, along with other factors such as ergonomics and the efficiency of a machine, see 3.4. Where a machine exposes the operator to vibration or shock that is not adequately dealt with by EN ISO 5349-1 or ISO 2631-1 (e.g. single shocks, recoils from cartridge-operated hand held tools, extremes of vibration frequency), where there is evidence of a risk to the operator (e.g. evidence of ill health), this shall be addressed in the type-C standard. If, for the machinery in the scope of the type-C standard, vibration is considered to be a relevant but not significant hazard (see EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.7 and 3.8) the type-C standard shall not formulate specific design requirements concerning vibration. In the normal structure of a type-C standard, these hazards are dealt with by the second sentence of the standard introduction of the clause dealing with safety requirements and/or protective measures: “In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100 for relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this document." The Technical Committee should also consider the suitability of the following additional statement (e.g. as a Note, see 3.3): SIST EN 12786:2013



EN 12786:2013 (E) 7 “As a general rule, vibration is not considered to be a significant hazard for the machinery in the scope but this does not absolve the manufacturer from the obligation to minimize vibration risk.” 3.1.3 Declaration of vibration emission For portable hand-held and hand-guided machinery and mobile machinery, the declaration of vibration emission of the machine is mandatory. This requirement is not dependent on the identification of vibration as a significant hazard (but may indicate that vibration needs to be included as a significant hazard). The type-C standard shall address the measurement and declaration of vibration emission and its uncertainty, by including, or referring to, a vibration test code that meets the requirements of the relevant type-B standard (EN ISO 20643 for hand-held and hand-guided machines or EN 1032 for mobile machines, see 3.6). The operating conditions in which the vibration is to be measured shall be specified. 3.2 Clause "List of significant hazards" If vibration is considered to be a significant hazard (see EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.8) for the machinery in the scope of the type-C standard it shall be included in the list of significant hazards, with information on the hazardous situations and hazardous events (i.e. the circumstances in which people are at risk from vibration). Hand-transmitted vibration and whole-body vibration are considered to be significant hazards if they have the potential to cause a risk to health (or safety) in intended use or foreseeable misuse of the machine. Vibration will usually be considered a significant hazard if it is likely that the vibration emission will exceed the threshold value for declaration of 2,5 m/s2 for hand-transmitted vibration and 0,5 m/s2 for whole-body vibration (see Annex B, row 6), although there may be exceptions for machines that are used only for very short periods of time. 3.3 Clause “Safety requirements and/or protective measures” 3.3.1 General Where vibration has been included in the list of significant hazards, this clause shall include appropriate design requirements and technical measures for minimizing the vibration risk. The complementary requirements for the provision of information shall be dealt with in the clause on information for use (see 3.5). 3.3.2 Minimizing vibration risk by design and by protective measures 3.3.2.1 General This clause of a type-C standard shall address the requirement to minimize vibration risk by design (see Annex B, row 2). Vibration risk is dependent on the vibration emission and duration of exposure and also on parameters such as coupling forces and operator posture which can modify the transmission to the human body and the effects of that vibration. A description shall be given of typical sources of vibration emission for the specific family or group of machines. If appropriate, a list of examples of technical measures suitable for vibration reduction at source for the family of machines shall be given. Such a list may be given in an informative annex. It is important that the technical information given in the examples does not discourage innovation with respect to machinery safety. When a list of examples is given, the type-C standard should state that: "This list is not exhaustive; alternative technical measures that would be equally effective or that would further reduce vibration risks may, where suitable, be adopted by the manufacturer." Measures to minimize vibration-related risk shall be selected taking into account: SIST EN 12786:2013



EN 12786:2013 (E) 8  the potential reduction in vibration emission;  comparison with other machines in the same family of similar size and power;  the effect on performance as far as this would affect the exposure of the operator;  ergonomic and other factors affecting the vibration risk;  the availability of appropriate vibration reducing measures; and  the balance between vibration-related and other risks to the operator. 3.3.2.2 Hand-transmitted vibration CR 1030-1 gives general technical information on widely recognized principles for the design of hand-operated machinery. A reference to CR 1030-1 will usually be appropriate. When technical measures to reduce hand-transmitted vibration risk are provided in accordance with 3.3.2.1, this shall include the following, as appropriate:  internal isolation of reciprocating forces for percussive tools,  automatic balancing devices for rotary tools,  isolated or suspended handles,  efficient operation to reduce vibration exposure duration,  ergonomic design to prevent inappropriate postures and minimize forces applied by the operator. Preference should be given to vibration reduction techniques that do not rely on operator instruction or training (e.g. those that do not require a feed force within a specified range to provide vibration isolation). 3.3.2.3 Whole-body vibration CEN/TR 15172-1 gives general technical information on widely recognized principles for the design of mobile machinery. A reference to CEN/TR 15172-1 will usually be appropriate. When technical measures to reduce whole-body vibration risk are provided in accordance with 3.3.2.1, this shall include the following, as appropriate:  machine size and mass suitable for the intended purpose and terrain,  wheel, chassis and seat suspension designed to minimize vibration and shocks, in all directions, without introducing excessive pitching and rolling,  ergonomic design of cab and driver position to ensure good visibility and appropriate driver posture,  seat design with tuned suspension and suitable support of the driver. The seat should minimize the transmission of vibration to the operator (see Annex B, row 3). The type-C standard shall require that a seat is selected to minimize the risk from whole-body vibration and/or shock. Testing of seats in accordance with the relevant harmonized seat test standard for the family of machines or, if none, with EN 30326-1, can help identify potentially suitable seats for further evaluation. If EN 30326-1 is used, the type-C standard shall define an input spectrum for this purpose. SIST EN 12786:2013



EN 12786:2013 (E) 9 3.3.3 Minimizing vibration risk by managing the use of the machine For some machinery, vibration risk remains after minimizing vibration at the design stage and additional measures need to be taken by the user. The type-C standard shall indicate that appropriate information shall be given in the information for use (see 3.5). 3.4 Clause "Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures" This clause shall describe the means by which the manufacturer can verify and demonstrate that technical vibration reduction measures in the design and manufacture o
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