ISO 862:1984

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
NORME INTERNATIONALE
862
MEXAYHAPOflHblti CTAHAAPT
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATlON@MEIKAYHAPOjJHAR OPrAHM3AlJMfl fl0 CTAHJlAPTl43AWWlWRGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Surface active agents - Vocabulary
First edition - 1984-12-15
Agents de surface - Vocabulaire
Premike 6dition - 1984-12-15
nOBepXHOCTHO=aKTHBH ble BeqeCTBa - CflOBapb
lleprroe HsAatilvle - X384-12-15
Ref. No./Rhf. no : IS0 862-1984 (E/F/R)
UDC/CDU/YJJK 661.185 : 001.4
Q
Lg
CCblJlKa No : MC0 8624984 (AMP)
33
G*
Bell(eCTBa IlOBepXHOCTHO-aKTMBHble,
n”%
Descriptors : surfactants, vocabulary. / Descripteurs : agent de surface, vocabulaire. /f@CKpWITOpbl :
?
r I
CnoBapM.
l $ 2
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Price based on 58 pages/Prix base sur 58 pages/L/eHa paccqul-raHa Ha 58 CTP.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national
standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing international Standards is nor-
mally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Every member body interested in a subject
for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that
committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with
ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member
bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the IS0 Council. They
are approved in accordance with IS0 procedures requiring at least 75 % approval by the member
bodies voting.
International Standard IS0 862 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 91, Surface
active agents.
This International Standard cancels and replaces IS0 Recommendation R 862-1971, of which
it constitutes a technical revision.
Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une federation mondiale d’organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comites membres de I’ISO). L’elaboration des Normes inter-
nationales est confide aux comites techniques de I’ISO. Chaque comite membre inter-es& par une
etude a le droit de faire partie du comite technique tree a cet effet. Les organisations inter-
nationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec I’ISO, participent egale-
ment aux travaux.
Les projets de Normes internationales adopt& par les comites techniques sont soumis aux comi-
tes membres pour approbation, avant leur acceptation comme Normes internationales par le
Conseil de I’ISO. Les Normes internationales sont approuvees conformement aux procedures de
I’ISO qui requierent I’approbation de 75 % au moins des comites membres votants.
La Norme internationale IS0 862 a ete elaboree par le comite technique lSO/TC 91, Agents de
surface.
Cette Norme internationale annule et remplace la Recommandation ISO/R 862-1971, dont elle
constitue une revision technique.
BBeAeHHe
MC0 (Me~~ytiapofiriafr Opratil/tsaur4f4 no CraHgaprr43auMn) fisnfie-rcfl sceMt4pHoL;i *eAepautieti
Ha~MOHW’lbHblX OpraHLl3aLJVlti n0 CTaH~apTl43a~tWl (KOMMTeTOB-WleHOB MCO). #flTWlbHOCTb n0
pa3pa60TKe MWKAyHapOAHblX CTaHAapTOB ilPOBO@‘lTCFl TeXHMqeCKMMM KOMMTeTaMM MCO. Kax-
AblL;1 KOMMTeT-qJleH, 3alAHTepeCOBaHHbllil B ~WITeJlbHOCTM, #Jlfl KOTOPOti 6bln CO3@H TeXHM-
qt?CKMti KOMMTeT, MMeeT IlpaBO 6blTb npeJJCTaBfleHHblM B 3TOM KOMMTeTe. hk>K~yHapOJJHble l-lpa-
BMTeJlbCTBeHHble M HWlpaBMTeJlbCTBeHHble OPraHM3a~MM, VlMeKI~Vle CBfI3L’l C MCO, TaKN? npl’l-
HMMalOT YWCTMe B pa6OTaX.
npOeKTbl MWK~yHapO~HblX CTaH&apTOB, IlpMHfITble TeXHM~eCKMMM KOMMTeTaMM, PaCCblnaloTCR
KOMMTeTaM-ClJleHaM Ha oAo6peWe llepeA MX YTBeP>Kflt?HMeM COBeTOM MC0 B KaLleCTBe MexAy-
HapOAHblX CTaH@pTOB. OHM 0/406pfUOTCFi B COOTBeTCTBMM C IlOpFlflKaMM pa6ioT MCO, Tpe6YtO~MMM
0~06jpeHMfl l-IO MeHbUeti Mepe 75 O/O KOMMTeTOB-qJleHOB, IlPMHMMatO~l’lX YllaCTMt? B ~OJiOCOBaHt’lM.
h&?>K~yHapO~Hblti CTatiAapr l4CO 862 6bln pa3pa6oraH TexWqeckrAM KOMMTeTOM MCOlTK 91,
~OBepXHOCf7lHO-aKi?7UBHble BMl,eCl77Ba.
HaCTOfliqMti fVk?xflyHapOAHbiti CTaHAapT aHtiynMpye-r M 3aMetifler PekoMeH@uMK> MCOlP 862-1971
M fW3naercR ee TexHMWckoti pesr43Mer;l.
0 International Organization for
Standardization, 1984 l
0 Organisation internationale de normalisation, 1984 l
0 Mex~yHapoqiafl Oprawaaqb4fl no CraHAapwsaqHb4, 1984 l
Printed in Switzerland/ Imprime en Suisse/MsAaHo B U.lserilqapMti

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
IS0 862-1984 (E/F/R)
NORME INTERNATIONALE
MC0 862-1984 (A/@/P)
MEXAYHAPOAHblti CTAHJJAPT
nOBePXHOCTHO=aKTHBH ble
Surface active Agents de surface -
- Vocabulary Vocabulaire BelqecTBa - CJlOBapb
agents
06aeKT
Scope Objet
This International Standard defines La presente Norme internationale definit les HacTomyti Me>ccgytiapop,Hblti CTaHAapT
termes couramment utilises dans le fiaeT 0npefleneHm TepMMHo6, HaM6Oflee
terms frequently used in the field of sur-
face active agents domaine des agents de surface. WlpOKO llpMMeHReMblX B o6nacm nOBepX-
HOCTHO-aKTMBHblX BelQeCTB.
NOTE - Certains termes dissocies ou non de
NOTES - Some terms dissociated or not
from their definition can appear as commer- leur definition peuvent apparaitre comme termes
IlPklMEYAHME - t-kKOTOpble TePMVlHbl, C MX
commerciaux d’apres leur utilisation ou leur
cial terms according to their usage or to their Oflpe~WleHklRMPl MflM 6es HVIX, MOrYT RBJ’lRTbCFl
mode of presentation; under no circum- forme de presentation; d’aucune maniere leurs
KOMMePWCKMMI/I TePMLlHaMM B 3aBMCMMOCTM OT
definitions peuvent servir comme definitions de
stances may their definitions be used as
06flaCTM I7pMMeHeHMR MnM BM/Ja I-IpOAyKTa; 3TM
reference definitions for the commercial reference pour les termes commerciaux en gene-
Oflpe,lJWleHklfl Heflb3R nPMMeHFlTb HM B KOeM CJly-
ral.
terms.
qae B Kaqecrse r4cxoAHbix 0npeAenetiW one
KOMMePWCKMX TePMMHOB.
Other terms which appear non-specific to D’autres termes paraissant ne pas etre speci-
fiques aux agents de surface sont largement uti-
surface active agents, are nevertheless &JYl-Me TePMMHbl, OTHOCflUjMeCR He TOJlbKO K 06-
widely used in this field. Ii&s dans ce domaine.
naCTM I-lOBePXHOCTHO-aKTMBHbIX BeqeCTB, TaK-
Me UJLIPOKO IlPMMeHMMbl B 3TOl;l o6nacrrk
This International Standard gives, in La presente Norme internationale indique
particular, specific terms for textiles en particulier des termes specifiques aux HacTomqW Me>cc~ytiapO~HbIti CTaHAapT
applications, dry cleaning, etc., but applications textiles, nettoyage a set, etc., &aeT B ‘-laCTHOCTM TepMVIHbl, nplAMeHRe-
terms for other applications may be in- mais des termes d’autres applications sont Mble B TeKCTMJlbHOti npOMblUJfleHHOCTl4 L/I
troduced. susceptibles d’etre introduits. XHMMMeCKOti WlCTKe, 0flHaK.o B Her0 MOrYT
6blTb BBeAeHbl M TepMklHbl, npl4MeHFleMble
These terms are grouped according to Ces termes sont group& selon la classifica- B ApYrMX 06nacTflx.
the classification shown below. tion indiquee ci-apres.
TepMlflHbl rpyllflklpOBaHbl COrflaCHO HMxe-
npl4BefleHHoti KnaccM@MKa~Pll4.
Classif ication Classification
Terms directly related to surface Termes propres aux agents de Tepntwti bl, OTHOCR~HeCFl K
llOBePXHOCTHO-ZiKTHBH blM Beu(eCTBaM
active agents surface
1 Product designation Denomination des produits tiassaHHR BeqeCTB
2 Special properties of surface PropriMs particulihes aux agents de CBOiiCTBa, XapaKTepH ble JJJlFl
IlOBepXHOCTHO-aKTl4BHblX Bel+CTB
active agents surface
2.1 Structural properties Proprietes structurelles CTpyKTYpHble CBOtiCTBa
2.2 Continuous systems Systemes non disperses HeAmnepcHble ci4cTeMbl
2.2.1 General physical properties Proprietes physiques globales
06qm @WWI~eCKVIe CBOlilCTBa
2.2.2 Surface properties Proprietes de surface
nOBepXHOCTHble CBOr;rCTBa
2.3 Dispersed systems Systemes disperses Akmepckibie CLlCTeMbl
2.3.1 General colloidal properties Proprietes colloi’dales g&kales 06qule KOflJlOl4,4Hble CBOtiCTBa
2.3.2 Properties of the dispersed phase Proprietes concernant la phase dispersee CBOr;lCTBa ~VlCIlepHOti @a3bl

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IS0 862-1984 (E/F/R)
MC0 862-1984 (A/@/P)
MOneKynRpHble B3aVlMOfletiCTBMR
rmoleculaires
Actions inte
2.4 Intermolecular action
Hble BeiqecTBalMone-
les du solvant i-iOBepXHOCTHO-aKTl4B
de s urface / molecu
2.4.1 Surface active agents/solvent
Kyflbl paCTBOpVlTenFl
molecules
BeqecTBalno-
nOBepXHOCTHO-aKTl4BHble
2.4.2 Surface active agents/surface Agents de surface/Agents de surface
BepXHOCTHO-aKTL/IBHble Be lqec-rsa
active agents
npObl3BO~ nOBepXHOCTHO4KTHBHblX
3 Manufacture of surface active Fabrication des agents de surface
BeqeCTB
agents
npOM3BOACTBO Mblna
Fabrication du savon
3.1 Manufacture of soap
npOM3BOP( CTBO CMHTeTMq eCKl4X no HO-
Fabrication des agents de surface de
3.2 Manufacture of synthetic surface
CTHO-aKTM BHblX Be&eCTB
synthese
active agents
BXOAFlqMe B COCTaB MOtOlqVrX
Matieres premieres pour les formulations
3.3 Raw materials for detergent for-
Ia
detergentes
mulations
HO-aKTi(lBHblX
npHMeHt?H He IlOBepXHOCT
4 Application of surface active Application des agents de surface
BeQeCTB
agents
CTklpKa
4.1 Washing Lavage
4.2 Wetting Mouillage
4.3 Foaming Moussage
4.4 Emulsification Emulsification
Onoraqtifl
4.5 Flotation Flottation
npMMeHeHWl B TeKCTMnbHOti
4.6 Textile applications Applications textiles
HOCTM
npfiAe-
BcnoMoraTenbHble BetqecTBa Am
4.6.1 Auxiliary products for spinning Produits auxiliaires pour la filature
HMFl
Produits auxiliaires pour le tissage Bcno OraTenbHb le BelqecTBa Am TKaq-
4.6.2 Auxiliary products for weaving
Koro pOl43BOflCT Ba
BcnoMoraTen bHble BetqecTBa flm Kpawe-
4.6.3 Auxiliary products for dyeing Produits auxiliaires pour la teinture et
HMFI M HaHeCeHVsFl pPlCyHKa
and printing I’impression
Produits auxiliaires pour le BCllOMOraTenbHble BeweCTBa AJlF1 OKOHqa-
4.6.4 Auxiliary products for finishing
TenbHOti o6pa60-rw TeKCTMJlR
4.6.5 Other auxiliary products for tex- TeKCTPlnbHO-BCflOMOraTenbHble
Autres produits auxiliaires textiles APYrHe
BeqecTBa
tiles
XlAMVl~eCKafi qMCTKa
4.7 Dry cleaning Nettoyage a set
4.8 Paper applications Applications papetieres npi4MeHeHWI B 6yMaxHO1;1 llpOMblUlneHHO-
CTM
npMMeHeHMFI B KOxeBeHHOh IIpOMblIUneH-
4.9 Leather applications Applications dans le travail du cuir
HOCTM
4.10 Petroleum applications Applications dans I’industrie du petrole npkIMeHeHWI B He@TFIHOh llpOMblUneH-
HOCTM
4.11 Other applications Applications diverses Apyrure npvrMeHeHm
2

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IS0 862-1984 (E/F/R)
MC0 862-1984 (A/@/P)
llpHno>KeHHe A ’
Annex A Annexe A
Scientific terms directly related Termes scientifiques propres aux khy’wble TePlVlHHbl, OTHOCRUJbleC~
K llOBePXHOCTHblM FlBI’leHHfllUl H K
to surface phenomena and to phenom&nes de surface et aux
preparations des agents de surface H3rOTOBJleHWO IlOBepXHOCTHO-
the preparation of surface
aKTHBHblX BeyeCTB
active agents
r to Propri&h particulihes aux agents CBOiiCTBa, XapaKTepH ble
A.1 Properties peculia
Clnfi
surface active agents de surface IlOBepXHOC THO-aKTHBH blX BeqeCTB
A.1.1 Structural properties Proprietes structurelles CTpyKTypHble CBOl;iCTBa
HeAr4cnepcHbie cr4creMbr
A.1.2 Continuous systems Systemes non disperses
CBoWrsa nosepxHocTeti pa3Rena *as
A.1.2.1 Interface properties Proprietes des interfaces
A.1.2.1.1 Liquid-gas interface Interface liquide-gaz flOBepXHOCTb pa3flWla WAAKOCTb-ra3
A.l.2.1.2 Liquid-liquid interface Interface liquide-liquide nOBepXHOCTb pa
IWlAKOCTb
Liquid-solid interface
A.l.2.1.3 Interface liquide-solide IloBe XHOCTb pashena )) P
Ten0
A.1.3 Dispersed systems Systemes disperses
AlnCnepCHble CMCTeMbl
A.l.3.1 Rheological properties Proprietes rheologiques Peonorwecwe csotic-rsa
A.1.4 Intermolecular actions Actions intermoleculaires MOneKympHbIe B3aMMOJJetiCTBMFI
A.1.4.1 Surface active agent/solvent molecules du solvant
Agents de surface nOBepXHOCTHO-aKTVlBHOe Bell&eCTBO/
molecules M0IleK)U-l bl paCTBOpklTeJlfl
Annex B Annexe B llpmometwe B
General terms non-specific to
Termes g45nkaux non spkcifiques 06qHe TePMHH bl, OTHOCfl~HeCII He
the field of surface active au domaine des agents de surface TOJlbKO K o6nacw llOBepXHOCTHO=
agents aKTHBH blX BeqeCTB

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IS0 862-1984 (E/F/R)
MC0 862-1984 (A/@/P)
Terms directly related to TepMklHbl, OTHOCfl~PleCFl K IlOBe
Termes propres aux agents de
‘PX-
HOCTHO-aK .TMBHblM BeqeCTBaM
surface active agents surface
Ha3Batim BeqeCTB
1 Product designation Dhomination des produits
1
nOBepXHOCTHO=aKTHBHOe BelljeCTBO (IlAB):
agent de surface: Compose chimique
surface active agent: A chemical
Xmwectcoe coegmeme, o6naaaQee no-
compound possessing surface activity prksentant une activite’ de surface (165)
BepxHocmHoD a~mu~~ocmmo (163, KOTO-
(165) which, dissolved in a liquid in par- qui, dissous dans un liquide, en particulier
pOe I-lpVl paCTBOpeHWl B NAgKOCTVI (B qa-
I’eau, abaisse sa tension superficielle ( 14)
ticular in water, lowers the surface ten-
CTHOCTVI, B BO,IJe) nOHl42KaeT ee /7OBepXHO-
sion ( 14) or interfacial tension ( 15), by ou interfaciale (15) par adsorption preferen-
adsorption at the li- tielle a la surface Iiquide/vapeur ou ZI cmHoe (14) w-w Mex@asHoe (15) HamHxe-
preferred
quid/vapour surface, or other inter- d’autres interfaces. Hue 3a CqeT llpe~llO’-lTl4TeJlbHO~ aAcop6-
4lWl Ha nOBepXHOCTl4 NAAKOCTb-nap lAfll.4
faces.
NOTE - Dans ces composes chimiques, la Ha ApyrMX Me))<@a3HbIX nOBepXHOCTFlX.
mol&ule comporte au moins un groupement
NOTE - A chemical compound including in
llPUME4AHME
susceptible d’assurer une affinitk pour les surfa- - XmwecKoe coefiwiew4e,
its molecule at least one group with an affin-
ces nettement polaires, entrainant le plus sou- MOfleKyJIa KOTOpOrO CO,qepAWT XOTFl 6bl OAHY
ity for markedly polar surfaces, ensuring in
vent la dissolution dans I’eau, et un radicalapo- rpynny, 06ecneruleato~yto CPO~CTBO K sblpa-
most cases its dissolution in water, and a
lake (162) ayant peu d’affinitk pour I’eau. MeHHblM llOJlRpHblM llOBE?PXHOCTRM, qT0 06blWiO
non-polar group (162) which has little affinity
llPMBOAMT K pElCTBO/EHWO B BOAe, Ll NY70/7Rp-
for water.
tiblti padUKan (162), He o6naaatouyli 6OflbwMM
CpO/JCTBOM K BO&e.
2
detergent: A product specially for- detergent: Produit dont la composition Motoqee cpeflcieo; .p(erepreHT : llpo~y~~,
mulated for cleaning through the pro-
est specialement &udiee pour le nettoyage COCTaB KOTOpOrO CneqMafl bH0 nOflO6pal-1
cess of detergency (89). selon un processus mettant en ceuvre les
jqnfl yAaneHm 3arpfisHeHw7 3a cqeT MOO-
phknomenes de dhtergence (89). weto deiicmsucl (89).
NOTE - A detergent comprises essential
components [surface active agents (I)] and
NOTE - Un detergent comprend des compo-
flPMMEYAHl4E - Motoqr/re CpeflCTBa BKJltOqatOT
generally complementary components
sants essentiels [agents de surface (1 )I et g&6-
OCHOBHble KOMllOHeHTbl ~l7OBepXHOCi7i’HO-aKW3-
builders (77), etc. I.
ralement des composants complementaires
Hble EW.U,eCf77Ba (I)] I.4 06blllHO ,4OllOJlHMTWlbHble
[a&wants (771, etc.].
KOMllOHeHTbl [aKl?WBHble dO6’aBKU (77) M T./J. 1.
3
soap: An anionic shace active agent savon : Agent de surface anionique (4) qui, MblJlO : AHMOHHOe f7OBe~XHOC/?7/+O-~/u?WB-
(4) which exhibits the phenomenon of par I’action de I’eau, donne lieu au pheno- Hoe se4ecmso (4), KoTopoe noA AeticTBw
reversible hydrolysis (186) by the action m&ne de I’hydrolyse rhersible (186). Les
eM BOAbl npOFlBflFleT CnOCO6HOCTb K 06-
of water. Because of this fact, water savons solubles dans I’eau, ou savons pro- pamu/woMy zudponusy (186). B pesynbTa-re
soluble soaps, or “true soaps”, exhibit prement dits, manifestent de ce fait des
3TOro BO~OpaCTBOpPlMble Mblfla (co6-
characteristic properties. Their reaction propriMs caract&ist[ques; ils sont 2 reac- CTBeHHO Mblfla) npORBflFllOT XapaKTepHble
is usually alkaline. tion g&Gralement alcaline. CBOtiCTBa; 06blqHO OHM AatOT l.QeJIOuHytO
peaKqw0.
NOTES NOTES
llPklME4AHMFI
1 A salt (inorganic or organic), of a fatty 1 Sel (inorganique ou organique) d’un acide
acid, or mixture of fatty acids containing at gras ou d’un melange d’acides gras contenant
1 LlJenoqHafl (tieopraHHqecKafl w-w opraw4re-
least eight carbon atoms. au moins huit atomes de carbone.
CKaFI) COJlb WlPHOlil KVlCJ-lOTbl MJ-ll/l CMeCM NWlP-
HblX KMCJlOT, C qL4CJlOM aTOMOB yl-JlepO,4a He Me-
2 In practice, the fa
tty acids may be re- 2 Dans la pratique, une pa rtie des acides gras
Hee 8.
placed in part by rosin acids. ut &tre remplacee par des acides r&iniques.
Pe
2 Ha I-IpaKTMKe NWlpHble KMCJlOTbl MOryT 6blTb
3 In current usage, the term “metallic
3 Dans I’usage courant, l’appellation ((savon
L(aCTMc(HO 32lMeqeHbl CMOJlFIHblMVl KI/ICl-IOTaMPI.
soap” applies to salts of fatty acids and non- m6tallique)) est r6serv6e aux sels d’acides gras
alkali metals. These salts are practically in-
des m6taux non alcalins. Pratiquement, ces sels
3 ,,MeTaJlJlWleCKl4M MblJlOM“ llPLlHFlT0 Ha3bl-
soluble in water and do not possess
sont insolubles dans I’eau et ne posskdent pas
BaTb COJ-lr/r, 06pa30BaHHble xMPHblMI/I KLICJ-IOTaMPl
detergent properties. de propri&s detergentes.
c tieqenoqHbiMt4 h4eTannaMu. Tawe corn npatt-
TMqeCKLl He PaCTBOPRtOTCR B BOAe Ll He o6na,qa-
K>T MOlO~MMVl CBOtiCTBaMl4.

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
IS0 862-1984 (E/F/R)
MC0 862-1984 (A/@/P)
Propri6t6s particulihres aux agents CBoljicTBa, xapamepti ble ~nfl
2 Special properties of surface
flOBepXHOCTHO=aKTblBH blX BeqeCTB
de surface
active agents
Proprietes structurelles CTPYKTYPH ble csoiicrsa
2.1 Structural properties
4
anionic surface active agent: A sur- agent de surface anionique: Agent de aHHOHHOe IlOBepXHOCTHO-aKT&lBHOe Beqe-
face active agent which ionizes in surface s’ionisant en solution aqueuse,
CTBO : nOBepXHOCTHO-aKTVlBHOe BeqeCTBO,
aqueous solution to produce negatively pour fournir des ions organiques charges klOHVl3VlpylOlqeeCFl B BOAHOM paCTBOpe C
charged organic ions which are respon-
negativement et responsables de I’actl’vS 06pa30BaHVIeM OTpldqaTeJlbHO 3apflxeH-
sible for the surface actl’vity (165). de surface (165). HblX OpraHWleCKMX MOHOB, KOTOpblM OH0
06fl3atiO csoeti nosepxHocm~oti a~mus~o-
cmbm (165).
5
cationic surface active agent : A sur-
agent de surface cationique: Agent de KaTVlOHHOe flOBePXHOCTHO=aKTHBHOe Beqe-
face active agent which ionizes in surface s’ionisant en solution aqueuse, CTBO : nOBepXHOCTHO-aKTl4BHOe BeqeCTBO,
aqueous solution to produce positively pour fournir des ions organiques charges ~OHl43MpytOlQeeCfI B BOAHOM paCTBOpe C
charged organic ions which are respon- positivement et responsa bles de l’actM& 06pa30BaHVIeM nOflO)) sible for the surface activity (165). de surface ( 165). HblX MOHOB, KOTOpblM OH0 o6R3aHo CBOer;r
nOBepXHOCI7lHOfi aKl7lUBHOCt7’lbtO (165).
6
non-ionic surface active agent: A agent de surface non ionique: Agent de HeHOHOreHHOe (HeHOHHOe) flOBepXHOCTHO-
surface active agent which does not surface ne donnant pas naissance a des aKTlrlBHOe BeyeCTBO : i-lOBepXHOCTHO-aK-
ions en solution aqueuse. La solubilite dans
produce ions in an aqueous solution. TMBHOe BelljeCTBO, He o6pasytoqee MOHOB
The solubility in water of non-ionic sur- I’eau des agents de surface non ioniques B BOAHOM paCTBOpe. PaCTBOpMMOCTb He-
face active agents is due to the pre- est due a la presence, dans leurs molecu- MOHOreHHblX nOBepXHOCTHO-aKTMBHbIX Be-
les, de groupements fonctionnels ayant
sence in the molecules of functional lqeCTB B BOAe 06yCnOBneHa HaflMqMeM B
groups which have a strong affinity for une forte affinite pour l’eau. MOJleKyfle @yHK4MOHaJlbHblX I-pyl-ln, VIMelO-
water. WvlX CLlflbHOe CpO~CTBO K BOAe.
7
ampholytic surface active agent: A agent de surface ampholyte: Agent de aMC#lOIlLlTHOe nOBepXHOCTHO=aKTHBHOe Be-
surface active agent which has two or surface possedant deux ou plusieurs grou- LlJeCTBO : i-lOBepXHOCTHO-aKTklBHOe Belqe-
pements fonctionnels qui peuvent, selon CTBO C AByMfl MJll/l6OJlee @yHK4MOHaflbHbl-
more functional groups which, depend-
ing on the conditions of the medium, les conditions du milieu, s’ioniser en solu- Ml4 I-pynnaMl4, CnOCO6HblMVI, B 3aBI/ICklMO-
CTM OT yCflOBl4ti Cpep,bl, MOHM3l’lpOBaTbCFl B
can be ionized in an aqueous solution tions aqueuse en conferant au compose le
and give to the compound the charac- caractere d’agent de surface anionique ou BOAHOM pac-rsope, nptiAaBafl coe~l4HeHwo
CBOr;lCTBa Ei’HUOHHOZO lAnl.4 KamUOHHOZO no-
teristics of either an anionic or a cationic cationique (4,5).
surface active agent (4,5). Bt?PXHOCl?lHO-aKf?7UBHOZO BN.l@?Cl7lBi3 (43).
Ce comportement ionique est analogue a
celui des composes amphoteres au sens le 3Tl4 MOHM3a~MOHHble csotic-rsa aHanorw-
This ionic behaviour is similar to that of
amphoteric compounds in the broadest plus general. Hbl TaKOBblM ,4flR aM@OTepHblX COefllilHe-
Hl4L;I B llll4pOKOM CMblCJle.
sense.
8
amphiphilic product: A product, the produit amphiphile : Produit renfermant
aM@N#NIfl bHOe (~b+lCjNlll bHOe) Beu(eCTB0 :
molecule of which contains both one or dans sa molecule a la fois un ou plusieurs BelqecTBO, B MOJleKyne KOTOpOrO OAHOBpe-
more hydrophilic groups (158) and one
groupements hydrophiles (158) et un ou MeHHO COflepxaTCFl OflHa Vlf-lM HeCKOJ-lbKO
or mere ll;oophilk groups ( 160). plusieurs groupements /ipophi/es (160).
ZUdpO@UnbHblX zpynn (158) vi OAt-ta MnM He-
CKOJ-IbKO !7U~O@W7bHb/X ZPyn (160).
NOTE - Surface active agents are amphi- NOTE - Les agents de surface sont des compo-
philic compounds. sk amphiphiles.
I-lPl’lMEYAHklE
- nOBepXHOCTHO-aKTl/rBHble Be-
ii@CTBa RBJlRK3TCFI aMC@lC@lJlbHblMkl COe,4VlHE?-
HLlRMl4.

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
IS0 862-1984 (E/F/R)
MC0 862-1984 (A/O/P)
tit?#lCllepCH ble CHCTeMbl
2.2 Continuous systems Systemes non dispersb
06uye C#IH3HreCKHe CBOiiCTBa
PropriMs physiques globales
2.2.1 General physical properties
9
temperature de trouble : Temperature TenmepaTypa noMyTtietim: TeMnepaTypa,
cloud temperature: The temperature
BblUle KOTOpOI;;I BOAHble paCTBOpbl HeKOTO-
au-dessus de laquelle les solutions aqueu-
above which aqueous solutions of cer-
ses de certains agents de surface non ioni- pblX HeUOHOZeHHblX nOBepXHOCmtiO-aK-
tain non-ionic surface active agents (6)
ques (6) deviennent hSrog&nes par la mUBkX BeLU,eCmB (6) CTaHOBFITCFl reTepO-
become heterogeneous by the separa-
reHHblMI/I B CBFl3M C pa3fieJleHVleM Ha p(Be
separation en deux phases liquides [coacer-
tion into two liquid phases [coacerva-
w4Atwe @aabl LKoayepBayufl(39)l.
vation (3911.
tion (3911.
TeMnepaTypa ocBeTneHb4fi: TeMnepaTypa,
temperature of clarification : The temperature de clarification : Tempera-
ture 2 partir de laquelle le melange de deux tiaqMHafl c ~oTopoI;I 0xnaXAaeMafl cMecb
temperature at which the mixture of
two liquid phases of aqueous solution phases liquides de solution aqueuse de cer- AByX W4flKMX @a3 BOAHOrO paCTBOpa HeKO-
TOpblX HeUOHOZeHHblX nOBepXHOCmHO-aK-
of certain non-ionic surface active tains agents de surface non ioniques (6)
agents (6) exhibiting a cloud tempera- prksentant une tempkrature de trouble (9) muBnb/x Bewecms (6), MMeioqMx mennnepa-
ture (9), becomes homogeneous on devient homogene par refroidissement. mypy n0Mymnew.m (9), CTaHOBMTCR TOMO-
reHHor;r.
cooling.
NOTE - La temperature de clar ification est sou-
((point de trouble))
vent determike comme
NOTE - The temperature of clarification is llPVlME4AHME - TeMnepaTypy ocf3eTnetw
CT0 Ollpe~NlfWOT KaK ,,TOL(KY IlOMYTHeHMd‘.
often determined as “cloud point”.
11
TenmepaTypa Kpac@Ta : TeMnepaTypa
Krafft temperature : The temperature temperature de Krafft : Tempkrature
(npaKTlNeCKl4 y3KVIlil TeMnepaTypHblti MH-
(in practice, a narrow range of tempera- (pratiquement, btroit intervalle de tempera-
tures) at which the solubility of ionic Tepean), flpl4 KOTOpOI;I paCTBOpMMOCTb
ture) 3 laquelle la solubilitk des agents de
MOHOreHHblX nOBepXHOCTHO-aKTV1BHblX Be-
surface active agents rises sharply. At surface ioniques augmente brusquement.
~ec-rs pesK0 yBemwBaeTm. llpv~ 3~oC;1
this temperature the solubility becomes A cette tempitrature, la solubilite atteint la
equal to the critical micellliation con- valeur de la concentration critique pour la TeMnepaType pacTBopi4MocTb 4ocTwaeT
centration (c.m.c. / (38). formation de micelles fc. m. c. I (38). 3HacleHMF1 KpumuYeCKOij KoHyeHmpayuu
MU~ennO6pa30BaHU~ (38).
In the soap industry the term “Krafft Dans I’industrie des savons, on dbsigne par
B MblflOBapeHHOti llpOMblWleHHOCTl4 ,,TO+
Point” is defined as the temperature ((Point de Krafft)) la temperature a laquelle
below which a transparent soap solu- KOL;I Kpa@Ta“ Ha3blBatOT TeMnepaTypy,
une solution transparente de savon devient
tion becomes cloudy. trouble par refroidissement. npi4 KoTopoti 0xnaqqaeMblti npo3paqHblri
M blJl bH bl lil paCTBOp MyTHeeT.
2.2.2 Surface properties PropriMk de surface nOBepXHOCTH ble CBOiiCTBa
12
adsorption layer of surface active couche d’adsorption d’agents de sur- aJ@OP64HOHH bl ii CJlOii IlOBepXHOCTHO-aK-
agents: A layer of surface active
face: Couche d’agents de surface en solu- THBH blX BW@CTB : CJlOr;i nOBepXHOCTHO-aK-
agents in solution stretching more or
tion s’etendant plus ou moins de part et TMBHblX BeqeCTB B paCTBOpe y nOBepXHO-
less across an interface and the
d’autre d’une interface et dont I’epaisseur CTM pa3Aena @aa, Tonqi4Ha KoToporo on-
thickness of which is governed by the
est determinke par le fait qu’en un lieu quel- PefleJlFleTCR TeM, qT0 B nto6or;r TOLfKe 3TOrO
fact that, at any random location in that
conque de cette couche la concentration CJlOFl KOHqeHTpaqMR a~COp6vIpOBaHHOrO
layer, the concentration of the adsorbed
d’un produit adsorb6 est supbrieure 5 celle BellqeCTBa Bblllle er0 KOHqeHTpauWl B Kax-
product is greater than that in each of
existant dans chacune des phases avoisi- jqoti M3 npmeratoqMx @as.
the contiguous phases.
nantes.
13
capillary activity: The action of a sur-
tensio-activit6: Action d’un agent de sur- llOBepXHOCTHaR (KanHnnflpHafl) aKTHB-
face active agent in solution caused by
face en solution, due ZI son adsorption 5 HOCTb: flel;iCTBule nOBepXHOCTHO-aKTMBHO-
its adsorption at interface which,
(‘interface, qui, g&Sralement, abaisse la r0 BeqeCTsa B paCTBOpe, 06blwO npMBO-
generally, decreases the sunCace (14)
tension superficielle ( 14) et in terfaclale ( 15). jqfqee K noHvlxeHmo noBepxnocmnoz0
and interfacial ( 15) tensions.
(14) i4 MeMqba3noro (15) namf7xenuR.

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
IS0 862-1984 (E/F/R)
MC0 862-1984 (A/@/P)
14
tension superficielle : Tension dans la nOBepXHOCTHOe HaTRxeHHe: &iTR>KeH~e 6
surface tension : The tension acting in
llOBepXHOCTHOM CJlOe NWlflKOCTPl, Bblxae-
couche superficielle d’une phase (voir 1691,
the surface of a phase (see 169),
MOe CWlOr;l, OTHeCeHHOti K eAPlHPlqe ~J-Wl-
dirigee vers son interieur, due aux attrac-
directed towards the interior of the
Hbl (CM. 169). nOBepXHOCTHOe HaTFl)) phase, caused by intermolecular attrac- tions entre les molecules a la surface et cel-
Hue - 3TO npORBfleHVle B3aMMHOrO l-lpi&
les se trouvant sous cette surface.
tions between the molecules at the sur-
TR)) face and those located below the sur-
tension superficielle s’exprime en CyqeCTByeT He ,,3naCTlNHblL;1 llOBepXHO-
face. NOTE - La
millinewtons par metre (mN/m). CTHblL;I CnOti”,
a 3aMeTHoe npr/rTflxeHvre
MeMAy MOfleKyflaMPl llOBepXHOCTVl Ll MOJle-
is expressed in
NOTE - The surface tension
Le terme tension superficielle correspond au cas
millinewtons per metre (mN/ ml. KyflaML4, HaXO~Fl~lAMVICFl flO/J 3TOti l-lo-
particulier de forces a I’interface entre phase
BepXHOCTbtO,
HanpaBneHHoe K BHyTpeH-
liquide et phase gazeuse.
The term surface tension means the special
HeMy 06beMy )) case of forces at the interface between liquid
and gaseous phase.
- nOBepXHOCTHOe
I-lPl’lMEYAHVlE HaTfvKeHPle
Bbrpaxae-rcfl B MMflflLlHbtOTOHaX Ha
MeTp (H/M).
TepMlnH /7OBepXHOCl77HOe HG’l77RxeHUe COOTBeT-
CTBYeT qaCTHOMY CflyllalO CMIl Ha IlOBepXHOCTVl
pa3Aena WI~KOI;~ i4 ra3006pa3tioti @asbl.
15
interfacial tension : The tension at the tension interfaciale : Tension au niveau
Mexct>asHoe HaTmeHbde : HaTRxeHMe Ha
interface between two phases (see 169). de I’interface entre deux phases (voir 169). rlOBepXHOCTl4 pa3Aena 4ByX WlflKOCTelil,
BblpaxaeMoe wnoti, 0THeceHHoti K eaw
NOTE - The interfacial tension is expressed NOTE - La tension interfaciale s’exprime en
HPIqe /JJlPlHbl (CM. 169).
in millinewtons per metre (mN/m). millinewtons par metre (mN/m).
IlPMMEclAHklE - Mex@asHoe HaTFlmetiL4e Bbl-
paxaeTCFi B Ml’lJlJlVlHbtOTOHaX Ha MeTp (MH/M).
16
spreading ability: The property of a
aptitude a l’etalement : Propriete d’un CflOCO6HOCTb K pacTeKaHmo: CBOI~ICTBO
liquid, particularly of a solution of sur- liquide, et en particulier d’une solution
NWAKOCTM M, B qaCTHOCTM, paCTBOpa l-lo-
face active agents, which enables a
d’agents de surface, permettant a une BepXHOCTHO-aKTMBHblX BeqeCTB, GnaroAa-
drop of this liquid to cover spon- goutte de ce liquide de recouvrir spontane-
pFl KOTOpOMy Kannf4 3TOlil ~MAKOCTI/~ MO-
taneously another liquid or solid sur- ment une surface d’un autre liquide ou d’un MeT CaMOllpOl43BOn bH0 rlOKpblBaTb l-lo-
face. solide.
BepXHOCTb ApyrOti NWl,LJKOCTM MnM TBepAO-
ro Tena.
2.3 Dispersed systems Systemes disperses ~HCllepCH bl
...