Instruments and software used for measurements in high-voltage and high-current tests - Part 1: Requirements for instruments for impulse tests

IEC 61083-1:2021 is applicable to digital recorders, including digital oscilloscopes, used for measurements during tests with high impulse voltages and high impulse currents. It specifies the measuring characteristics and calibrations required to meet the measuring uncertainties and procedures specified in IEC 60060-2 and IEC 62475.
This document
• defines the terms specifically related to digital recorders;
• specifies the necessary requirements for such instruments to ensure their compliance with the requirements for high-voltage and high-current impulse tests;
• establishes the tests and procedures necessary to demonstrate their compliance;
• covers digital recorders that permit access to raw data from permanent or temporary storage;
• covers peak meters used for measuring the extreme value of lightning impulses, the peak value of switching or current impulses.
It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.
This horizontal standard is primarily intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 108. One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of horizontal standards in the preparation of its publications. The contents of this horizontal standard will not apply unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant publications.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2001. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Requirements for static integral non-linearity and static differential non-linearity have been removed.
b) Requirement for impulse scale factor non-linearity has been added.
c) Uncertainty requirements for impulse calibrators have been revised.
d) Requirements for peak voltmeter have been revised.

Appareils et logiciels utilisés pour les mesurages pendant les essais à tension et courant élevés - Partie 1: Exigences pour les appareils utilisés pour les essais de choc

IEC 61083-1:2021 s’applique aux enregistreurs numériques, y compris les oscilloscopes numériques, utilisés pour les mesures lors de tests avec des tensions d’impulsion élevées et des courants d’impulsion élevés. Il précise les caractéristiques de mesure et les étalonnages nécessaires pour répondre aux incertitudes et procédures de mesure spécifiées dans la CEI 60060-2 et l’IEC 62475.
Ce document
• définit les termes spécifiquement liés aux enregistreurs numériques;
• précise les exigences nécessaires à ces instruments pour s’assurer qu’ils sont conformes aux exigences relatives aux tests impulsifs à haute tension et à courant élevé;
• établit les tests et les procédures nécessaires pour démontrer leur conformité;
• couvre les enregistreurs numériques qui permettent l’accès aux données brutes provenant d’un stockage permanent ou temporaire;
• couvre les compteurs de pointe utilisés pour mesurer la valeur extrême des impulsions de foudre, la valeur maximale de la commutation ou des impulsions actuelles.
Il a le statut d’une norme horizontale conformément au Guide 108 de la CEI.
Cette norme horizontale est principalement destinée aux comités techniques dans l’préparation des normes conformément aux principes énoncés dans le Guide 108 de la CEI. L’une des responsabilités d’un comité technique est, le cas échéant, d’utiliser des normes horizontales dans la préparation de ses publications. Le contenu de cette norme horizontale ne s’appliquera pas à moins qu’il ne soit expressément mentionné ou inclus dans les publications pertinentes.
Cette troisième édition annule et remplace la deuxième édition publiée en 2001. Cette édition constitue une révision technique.
Cette édition comprend les changements techniques importants suivants par rapport à l’édition précédente :
a) Les exigences relatives à la non-linéarité intégrale statique et à la non-linéarité différentielle statique ont été supprimées.
b) L’exigence de non-linéarité du facteur d’échelle d’impulsion a été ajoutée.
c) Les exigences en matière d’incertitude pour les étalonneurs impulsifs ont été révisées.
d) Les exigences relatives aux voltmètres de pointe ont été révisées.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
27-Jan-2021
Current Stage
PPUB - Publication issued
Completion Date
28-Jan-2021
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IEC 61083-1
®

Edition 3.0 2021-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE


Instruments and software used for measurements in high-voltage and
high-current tests –
Part 1: Requirements for instruments for impulse tests

Appareils et logiciels utilisés pour les mesurages pendant les essais à tension
et courant élevés –
Partie 1: Exigences pour les appareils utilisés pour les essais de choc

IEC 61083-1:2021-01(en-fr)

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC 61083-1

®


Edition 3.0 2021-01




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME


INTERNATIONALE











Instruments and software used for measurements in high-voltage and

high-current tests –

Part 1: Requirements for instruments for impulse tests



Appareils et logiciels utilisés pour les mesurages pendant les essais à tension

et courant élevés –


Partie 1: Exigences pour les appareils utilisés pour les essais de choc













INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE




ICS 17.220.20; 19.080 ISBN 978-2-8322-9261-7




Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – IEC 61083-1:2021 © IEC 2021
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
3.1 General definitions related to digital recorders . 8
3.2 Definitions related to rated values . 9
3.3 Definitions related to scale factor . 9
3.4 Definitions related to dynamic performance . 9
3.5 Definitions related to uncertainties . 10
3.6 Definitions related to tests . 11
4 Operating conditions . 11
5 Calibration and test methods . 12
5.1 Calibration of scale factor and time base . 12
5.2 Impulse calibration . 12
5.3 Step calibration . 13
5.4 Test of constancy of scale factor within time interval . 14
5.5 Calibration of time base . 15
5.6 Test of impulse scale factor non-linearity . 15
5.7 Internal noise level . 15
5.8 Interference test . 15
6 Requirements for impulse measurements . 16
6.1 Requirements for digital recorders used in approved measuring systems . 16
6.2 Individual requirements . 16
6.2.1 General . 16
6.2.2 Sampling rate . 16
6.2.3 Rated resolution . 16
6.2.4 Impulse scale factor . 16
6.2.5 Errors of time parameters . 17
6.2.6 Error of time base . 17
6.2.7 Rise time . 17
6.2.8 Interference voltage . 17
6.2.9 Record length . 17
6.2.10 Input impedance . 17
6.2.11 Internal noise level . 17
6.2.12 Assigned measurement range. 18
6.3 Requirements for digital recorders used in reference measuring systems . 18
6.3.1 General requirements . 18
6.3.2 Sampling rate . 18
6.3.3 Rated resolution . 18
6.3.4 Error of time base . 18
6.3.5 Rise time . 18
6.3.6 Interference voltage . 18
6.3.7 Record length . 18
6.3.8 Internal noise level . 19
6.3.9 Scale factor . 19

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
IEC 61083-1:2021 © IEC 2021 – 3 –
6.4 Tests . 19
6.4.1 General . 19
6.4.2 Type tests . 19
6.4.3 Routine tests . 19
6.4.4 Performance tests . 19
6.4.5 Performance checks . 20
7 Requirements for peak voltmeters . 20
8 Uncertainty contributions for complete measuring systems . 20
9 Record of performance . 20
Annex A (normative) Electromagnetic interference in high-voltage and high-current
laboratories and test fields . 22
A.1 General . 22
A.2 Precautions . 22
A.2.1 Electromagnetic shielding . 22
A.2.2 Reduction of conducted interference from the supply line . 22
A.2.3 Reduction of interference on the signal line . 22
A.2.4 Signal transmission by optical means . 22
A.3 Tests with transient induced electromagnetic fields . 23
Bibliography . 24

Figure 1 – Step calibration . 14
Figure A.1 – Application of electric and magnetic fields. 23

Table 1 – Operating conditions . 12
Table 2 – Requirements for reference impulse generators . 13
Table 3 – Tests required for approved digital recorders . 19

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
– 4 – IEC 61083-1:2021 © IEC 2021
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE USED FOR MEASUREMENTS
IN HIGH-VOLTAGE AND HIGH-CURRENT TESTS –

Part 1: Requirements for instruments for impulse tests

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
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preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
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Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
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consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61083-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 42: High-
voltage and high-current test techniques.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2001. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) Requirements for static integral non-linearity and static differential non-linearity have been
removed.
b) Requirement for impulse scale factor non-linearity has been added.
c) Uncertainty requirements for impulse calibrators have been revised.
d) Requirements for peak voltmeter have been revised.

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
IEC 61083-1:2021 © IEC 2021 – 5 –
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
42/386/FDIS 42/388/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 61083, under the general title Instruments and software used
for measurements in high-voltage and high-current tests, can be found on the IEC website.
Future standards in this series will carry the new general title as cited above.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – IEC 61083-1:2021 © IEC 2021
INTRODUCTION
The electric power industry requires standardized tools to provide confidence in high-voltage
and high-current testing results, and to prove equivalence between tests performed in different
test facilities.
Analogue capture of test data has today been largely replaced by digital capture with recording
instruments based on sampling technology. This part of IEC 61083 specifies requirements for
the performance of digital recorders used for high-voltage and high-current impulse tests.
Since the last revision of this standard, significant improvements have been made in many
aspects of digitising instruments used for high-voltage and high-current tests. In particular,
digitising resolutions have improved several folds since the last revision, with 12-bit to 14-bit
being typical resolutions for impulse measurement digitisers. Furthermore, the improvement of
A/D converters has led to a situation where other aspects of the instruments, such as linearity
of front-end amplifiers and performance of immunity to interference, have replaced performance
of A/D converters as the main concern of measurement accuracy and instrument reliability.
The requirements in this edition of the standard have been revised to reflect these technological
changes. For example, the number of type tests aimed for evaluating the performance of A/D
converters has been reduced, and new requirements for the linearity of complete system
(A/D converter and analogue components) have been added.
During preparation of the second edition of this standard in 2001, the need to keep analogue
oscilloscopes and peak voltmeters was thoroughly discussed. Requirements for analogue
oscilloscopes have now been removed, and only essential requirements for peak voltmeters
have been kept.

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
IEC 61083-1:2021 © IEC 2021 – 7 –
INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE USED FOR MEASUREMENTS
IN HIGH-VOLTAGE AND HIGH-CURRENT TESTS –

Part 1: Requirements for instruments for impulse tests



1 Scope
This part of IEC 61083 is applicable to digital recorders, including digital oscilloscopes, used
for measurements during tests with high impulse voltages and high impulse currents. It specifies
the measuring characteristics and calibrations required to meet the measuring uncertainties
and procedures specified in IEC 60060-2 and IEC 62475.
This document
• defines the terms specifically related to digital recorders;
• specifies the necessary requirements for such instruments to ensure their compliance with
the requirements for high-voltage and high-current impulse tests;
• establishes the tests and procedures necessary to demonstrate their compliance;
• covers digital recorders that permit access to raw data from permanent or temporary storage;
• covers peak meters used for measuring the extreme value of lightning impulses, the peak
value of switching or current impulses.
It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.
This horizontal standard is primarily intended for use by technical committees in the preparation
of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 108. One of the
responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of horizontal
standards in the preparation of its publications. The contents of this horizontal standard will not
apply unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant publications.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60060-1, High-voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test requirements
IE 60060-2:2010, High-voltage test techniques – Part 2: Measuring systems
IEC 62475, High-current test techniques – Definitions and requirements for test currents and
measuring systems
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, Uncertainty of measurement – Part 3: Guide to the expression of
uncertainty in measurements (GUM:1995)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

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– 8 – IEC 61083-1:2021 © IEC 2021
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 General definitions related to digital recorders
3.1.1
digital recorder
digitiser
recording instrument in which the recording is made in digital form on a magnetic or optical
medium, or on a solid-state memory medium
Note 1 to entry: The waveform of the digital record is usually displayed on a screen, plotted or printed. This process
may change the appearance of the waveform due to the processing involved.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-313:2001, 313-02-16, modified – "digitiser" and a note to entry have been
added]
3.1.2
approved digital recorder
digital recorder that is shown to comply with the requirements set out in this document
3.1.3
assigned measurement range
range of input voltage for which the instrument can be used within the uncertainty limits given
in this document
3.1.4
output of a digital recorder
numerical value recorded by a digital recorder at a specific instant
3.1.5
full-scale deflection
minimum input voltage, which produces the nominal maximum output of the instrument in the
specified range
3.1.6
offset
output of an instrument for zero input
3.1.7
raw data
original record of sampled and quantized information obtained when a digital recorder converts
an analogue signal into a digital form, with the correction of the output for offset and multiplying
the record by a constant factor being permitted
3.1.8
processed data
data obtained by any processing (other than correction for offset and/or multiplying by a
constant scale factor) of the raw data
Note 1 to entry: Digital recorders which do not allow access to the raw data are not covered by this document.

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
IEC 61083-1:2021 © IEC 2021 – 9 –
3.2 Definitions related to rated values
3.2.1
rated resolution
r
-N
reciprocal of two to the power of the rated number of bits N of the A/D converter, namely r =2
3.2.2
sampling rate
number of samples taken per unit of time
Note 1 to entry: The sampling time interval is the reciprocal of the sampling rate.
3.2.3
record length
duration of the record expressed either in a time unit or as the total number of samples
3.2.4
warm-up time
time interval from when the instrument is first switched on to when the instrument meets
operational requirements
3.3 Definitions related to scale factor
3.3.1
scale factor
factor by which the output corrected for offset is multiplied in order to determine the measured
value of the input quantity
Note 1 to entry: The scale factor includes the ratio of any built-in or external attenuator and is determined by
calibration.
3.3.2
static scale factor
scale factor for a direct voltage or a direct current input
3.3.3
impulse scale factor
scale factor for an input representing the shape of the relevant impulse
3.3.4
assigned impulse scale factor
impulse scale factor of a digitiser determined at the most recent calibration
3.3.5
base line
value of the output of the recorder during the initial flat part of the record of the impulse, with
the value determined from the mean of at least 20 samples in the initial flat part
3.4 Definitions related to dynamic performance
3.4.1
nominal epoch
τ
N
range of values between the minimum (t ) and the maximum (t ) of the relevant time
min max
parameter of impulse voltage or impulse current for which the digitiser is to be approved, with
the relevant time parameter being:

---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
– 10 – IEC 61083-1:2021 © IEC 2021
– the front time T for full and tail-chopped lightning voltage impulse and
1
 exponential current impulse
 for front-chopped lightning voltage impulse
– the time to chopping T
c
– the time to-peak T for switching voltage impulses
p
– pulse rise time 0,5·(T – T ) for rectangular current impulse
t d
Note 1 to entry: Nominal epoch is applicable to the front part of an impulse only.
Note 2 to entry: A digitiser usually has one, two or more nominal epochs for different waveforms. For example, a
particular digitiser is approved for:
• full and tail-chopped lightning impulses with an assigned impulse scale factor F over a nominal epoch τ from
1 N1
T = 0,84 µs (t ) to T = 1,56 µs (t ),
1 min 1 max
• full lightning impulses with an assigned impulse scale factor F over a nominal epoch τ from T = 2,0 µs (t )
1 N1 1 min
to T = 5,0 µs (t ),
1 max
• front-chopped lightning impulses with an assigned impulse scale factor F over a nominal epoch τ from
2 N2
T = 0,5 µs (t ) to T = 0,9 µs (t ),
c min c max
• and/or standard switching impulses with an assigned impulse scale factor F over a nominal epoch τ from
3 N3
T = 150 µs (t ) to T = 500 µs (t ).
p min p max
3.4.2
step calibration epoch
time interval in which the impulse scale factor is determined with the step calibration method,
with its lower limit being 0,5 times of the lower limit of the nominal epoch ( 0,5t ) and its upper
min
limit being 2 times the upper limit of the nominal epoch (2t ), both of which are evaluated
max
from the start of the recorded voltage step
3.4.3
rise time
time interval within which the response to an applied step passes from 10 % to
...

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