TC 42 - High-voltage and high-current test techniques

IEC 61083-1:2021 is applicable to digital recorders, including digital oscilloscopes, used for measurements during tests with high impulse voltages and high impulse currents. It specifies the measuring characteristics and calibrations required to meet the measuring uncertainties and procedures specified in IEC 60060-2 and IEC 62475.
This document
• defines the terms specifically related to digital recorders;
• specifies the necessary requirements for such instruments to ensure their compliance with the requirements for high-voltage and high-current impulse tests;
• establishes the tests and procedures necessary to demonstrate their compliance;
• covers digital recorders that permit access to raw data from permanent or temporary storage;
• covers peak meters used for measuring the extreme value of lightning impulses, the peak value of switching or current impulses.
It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.
This horizontal standard is primarily intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 108. One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of horizontal standards in the preparation of its publications. The contents of this horizontal standard will not apply unless specifically referred to or included in the relevant publications.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2001. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Requirements for static integral non-linearity and static differential non-linearity have been removed.
b) Requirement for impulse scale factor non-linearity has been added.
c) Uncertainty requirements for impulse calibrators have been revised.
d) Requirements for peak voltmeter have been revised.

IEC 61083-3:2020 is applicable to digital recording instruments used for measurements during tests with high alternating and direct voltages and currents. It specifies the measuring characteristics and calibrations required to meet the measuring uncertainties and procedures specified in the relevant IEC standards (e.g. IEC 60060-1, IEC 60060-2, IEC 60060-3, IEC 62475, IEC 61180).
This document is applicable to those digital recording instruments that will be designed and type tested according to this document.
This document
• defines performance requirements for digital recording instruments used during tests with alternating voltages and currents (AC) or direct voltages and currents (DC);
• specifies the necessary requirements for such instruments to ensure their suitability for use under the relevant standards;
• establishes the tests and procedures necessary to demonstrate their compliance;
• defines the terms related to digital recording instruments with recording function and access to raw data.
Examples of relevant alternating and direct voltages and currents to be measured are listed in Annex D.
This International Standard has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.

IEC TS 62478:2016 is applicable to electromagnetic (HF/VHF/UHF) and acoustic measurements of PDs which occur in insulation of electrical apparatus. This specification deals with a large variety of applications, sensors of different frequency ranges and differing sensitivities. The tasks of PD location and measuring system calibration or sensitivity check are also taken into account. Key words: High Voltage Test Techniques, Partial Discharge, Electromagnetic, Acoustic.

IEC 61180:2016 is applicable to dielectric tests with direct voltage; dielectric tests with alternating voltage; dielectric tests with impulse voltage and test equipment used for dielectric tests on low-voltage equipment. This standard is applicable only to tests on equipment having a rated voltage of not more than 1 kV a.c. or 1,5 kV d.c. This standard is applicable to type and routine tests for objects which are subjected to high voltage tests as specified by the technical committee. The test equipment comprises a voltage generator and a measuring system. This standard covers test equipment in which the measuring system is protected against external interference and coupling by appropriate screening, for example a continuous conducting shield. Therefore, simple comparison tests are sufficient to ensure valid results. This standard is not intended to be used for electromagnetic compatibility tests on electric or electronic equipment. Tests with the combination of impulse voltages and currents are covered by IEC 61000-4-5. This standard provides the relevant technical committees as far as possible with:
- defined terms of both general and specific applicability;
- general requirements regarding test objects and test procedures;
- methods for generation and measurement of test voltages;
- test procedures;
- methods for the evaluation of test results and to indicate criteria for acceptance;
- requirements concerning approved measuring devices and checking methods and measurement uncertainty. Alternative test procedures may be required and these should be specified by the relevant technical committees. Care should be taken if the test object has voltage limiting devices, as they may influence the results of the test. The relevant technical committees should provide guidance for testing objects equipped with voltage limiting devices. This 1st edition of IEC 61180 cancels and replaces the 1st edition of IEC 61180-1, issued in 1992, and the 1st edition of IEC 61180-2, issued in 1994. Key words: High Voltage Test Techniques, Dielectric Tests, Disruptive Discharge, Withstand Voltage.

IEC 60060-2:2010 is applicable to complete measuring systems, and to their components, used for the measurement of high voltages during laboratory and factory tests with direct voltage, alternating voltage and lightning and switching impulse voltages as specified in IEC 60060-1. For measurements during on-site tests see IEC 60060-3. The limits on uncertainties of measurements stated in this standard apply to test levels stated in IEC 60071-1:2006. The principles of this standard apply also to higher levels but the uncertainty may be greater. This standard also defines the terms used, methods to estimate the uncertainties of high-voltage measurements, states the requirements which the measuring systems shall meet, describes the methods for approving a measuring system and checking its components and describes the procedures by which the user shall show that a measuring system meets the requirements of this standard, including the limits set for the uncertainty of measurement. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition, published in 1994, and constitutes a technical revision. The significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition are as follows:
- The general layout and text was updated and improved to make the standard easier to use.
- The standard was revised to align it with IEC 60060-1.
- The treatment of measurement uncertainty estimation has been expanded.

IEC 62475:2010 is applicable to high-current testing and measurements on both high-voltage and low-voltage equipment. It deals with steady-state and short-time direct current (as e.g. encountered in high-power d.c. testing), steady-state and short-time alternating current (as e.g. encountered in high-power a.c. testing), and impulse-current. In general, currents above 100 A are considered in this International Standard, although currents less than this can occur in tests. This standard also covers fault detection during, for example, lightning impulse testing.

IEC 60060-1:2010 applies to dielectric tests with alternating voltage; dielectric tests with direct voltage; dielectric tests with impulse voltage and dielectric tests with combinations of the above. This document is applicable to tests on equipment having its highest voltage for equipment Um above 1 kV. The third edition cancels and replaces the second edition, published in 1989, and constitutes a technical revision. The major technical changes with respect to the previous edition are as follows:
- artifical pollution test procedures were removed as they are now described in IEC 60507,
- measurement of impulse current has been transferred to a new standard on current measurement (IEC 62475),
- the atmospheric correction factors are now presented as formulas.

Applicable to the following on-site test voltages and in service stresses, which are in relation to IEC 60060-1: direct voltage;alternating voltage; lightning impulse voltage of aperiodic or oscillating shape: switching impulse voltage of aperiodic or oscillating shape.

Applicable to the following on-site test voltages and in service stresses, which are in relation to IEC 60060-1: direct voltage;alternating voltage; lightning impulse voltage of aperiodic or oscillating shape: switching impulse voltage of aperiodic or oscillating shape.

Applies to the construction and use of sphere-gaps for measuring the peak value of alternating, direct and both full standard and longer tail impulse voltages. Peak values of the disruptive voltages in air are given in tabular form. Note: - For high-voltage test techniques, see IEC 60060.

Applies to digital recorders and digital oscilloscopes used for measurements during tests with high impulse voltages and high impulse currents. Specifies the measuring characteristics and calibrations required to meet the measuring accuracies and procedures given in IEC 60-1.

Applies to the measurement of localized electrical discharges in insulating media, restricted to only a part of the dielectric under test and only partially bridging the insulation between conductors. The contents of the corrigendum of October 2001 have been included in this copy.

Applies to dielectric tests with direct voltage, dielectric tests with alternating voltage; dielectric tests with impulse voltage and impulse current, and tests with combinations of these. The contents of the corrigendum of March 1992 have been included in this copy.