ISO/IEC TR 30166:2020

ISO/IEC TR 30166
Edition 1.0 2020-04
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Internet of things (IoT) – Industrial IoT

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ISO/IEC TR 30166
Edition 1.0 2020-04
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Internet of things (IoT) – Industrial IoT

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 25-040-40; 35.020; 35.240.50 ISBN 978-2-8322-8251-9

– 2 – ISO/IEC TR 30166:2020 © ISO/IEC 2020
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 Abbreviated terms . 10
5 IIoT systems and landscape, see [1] . 12
5.1 Overview. 12
5.1.1 General . 12
5.1.2 Architecture . 15
5.1.3 Implementation of IIoT systems . 15
5.1.4 IIoT use case implementations . 16
5.1.5 Edge (fog) computing in IIoT, see [2] . 16
5.1.6 Interoperability and conformance . 16
5.1.7 IIoT characteristics trustworthiness . 17
5.1.8 Wearables in IIoT . 18
5.1.9 Cross-cutting activities on IIoT . 18
5.2 Analysis consideration on IIoT landscape of systems . 19
5.2.1 General . 19
5.2.2 IIoT systems and architecture . 19
5.2.3 IIoT application (virtual/physical use case) . 22
5.2.4 IIoT connectivity . 23
5.2.5 IIoT interoperability focus . 23
5.2.6 The IIoT user, see [20] . 23
5.2.7 IIoT migration strategies, see [29] . 24
5.3 General definition of IIoT and smart manufacturing (SM) . 25
5.3.1 Definition of IIoT . 25
5.3.2 Cyber physical systems differentiation in the IIoT . 26
5.3.3 Industrial Internet to CPPS and CPS definition . 26
5.3.4 Smart Manufacturing differentiation vs. IIoT . 26
5.3.5 Verticals of IoT market . 26
5.4 Smart Manufacturing and IIoT . 28
5.4.1 General . 28
5.4.2 The IIoT high-level view . 28
5.4.3 Industrial products/services life cycle – in IIoT/Smart Manufacturing . 30
5.4.4 Industrial manufacturing/automation through (IT/OT) standardization –
CPPS . 30
5.5 Collaboration considerations on an IIoT reference architecture for
standardization (use case driven) . 31
5.5.1 General . 31
5.5.2 General comparison of RAs and models on IIoT, see [37] . 31
5.5.3 IIoT systems characteristics: connectivity and communication aspects . 31
5.5.4 IIoT semantic aspects: IIoT characteristics . 32
5.5.5 Data scale in IIoT . 37
5.5.6 Runtime integration of IIoT . 37
5.5.7 Edge computing in IIoT . 37
5.5.8 The endpoint – considerations on IIoT . 37

5.5.9 “Dependability” for IIoT systems (IEC TC 56) . 38
6 Considerations for future standardization of IIoT . 38
6.1 Main findings by this document on IIoT standardization . 38
6.2 Risk for standards development on IIoT . 39
6.2.1 General . 39
6.2.2 Avoiding work duplication on IIoT standards development – across
SDOs . 39
6.2.3 Important to IIoT: "semantics above syntax", see [55] . 39
6.2.4 Standards for handling the “ownership of data” in IIoT, see [56] . 39
6.2.5 Vocabulary definitions – issues to IIoT . 40
6.3 Perspective to development of standards for IIoT . 40
6.3.1 "Digital twins" – as a generic concept in IIoT . 40
6.3.2 (AI) Artificial Intelligence to be used by IIoT (ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 42) . 41
6.3.3 Federation of cloud in/between IIoT systems (DIN SPEC 92222) . 42
6.3.4 Future standardization on: “microservices and micro-applications in IIoT”

see [40] . 42
6.3.5 “Blockchain technology” – future standardization in IIoT . 42
6.3.6 “Wearables” (in IIoT) . 43
6.3.7 Compatibility requirements and model – for devices – within IIoT
systems . 43
6.4 Roadmap perspective analysis for future standardization work for IIoT . 45
6.4.1 Future standardization work for IIoT as a vertical domain of the IoT . 45
6.4.2 ISO/IEC collaboration in relation to IIoT . 47
Annex A (informative) Listing of all SDOs, non-SDOs, consortia, FOSS (free open
source systems) in context of the IIoT mentioned in this document . 50
A.1 SDOs recognized/identified as of interest to IIoT and also in relation to
Clause 5 on standardization landscape in IIoT . 50
A.1.1 General . 50
rd
A.1.2 3GPP 3 Generation Partnership Project . 50
A.1.3 ETSI (European Telecommunication Standards Institute) . 51
A.1.4 IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) . 51
A.1.5 ISO/IEC . 52
A.2 IIoT related initiatives/engagements by national standardization bodies . 61
A.2.1 General . 61
A.2.2 Sweden – LISA . 61
A.2.3 France – “Usine du Futur”, see [67] . 62
A.2.4 Germany – Industrie 4.0, see [68] . 63
A.2.5 Korea – “Korea – Manufacturing Industry Innovation 3.0 strategy”, . 63
A.2.6 China – Industrial Initiatives (Standards Development) . 64
A.2.7 Japan (RRI and IVI) . 65
A.2.8 USA – CPS/CPPS/IIoT Standards Initiatives . 67
A.2.9 IIoT activities by EC EU . 69
A.3 Industrial consortia recognized/identified as being of interest on working

about the IIoT . 69
A.3.1 General . 69
A.3.2 Alliance of Industrial Internet: “Chinese Model of Smart Manufacturing
in context of program China Manufacturing 2025” [70] . 70
A.3.3 5G-ACIA in IIoT, and Smart Manufacturing . 70
A.3.4 China Edge Computing Consortium ECC . 71
A.3.5 DMG (Data Mining Group) . 71

– 4 – ISO/IEC TR 30166:2020 © ISO/IEC 2020
A.3.6 eCl@ss . 71
A.3.7 IIC (Industrial Internet Consortium) . 73
A.3.8 International Data Spaces . 73
A.3.9 Industrial Value Chain Initiative (IVI) . 73
A.3.10 ISA (International Society of Automation) . 74
A.3.11 oneM2M – also linked to ETSI above . 74
A.3.12 OPC Foundation . 74
A.3.13 Automation ML . 75
A.3.14 OMAC (Organization for Machine Automation
...