IEC 63359:2026
(Main)Fluids for electrotechnical application: Specifications for the re-use of mixtures of gases alternative to SF6
Fluids for electrotechnical application: Specifications for the re-use of mixtures of gases alternative to SF<sub>6</sub>
IEC 63359:2026 This document provides the quality of gases alternative to SF6 (subsequently referred to as gases) for their re-use in electrical power equipment after recovery and if applicable reclaiming.
Fluides pour applications électrotechniques : Spécifications pour la réutilisation des mélanges de gaz alternatifs au SF<sub>6</sub>
IEC 63359:2026 Le présent document définit la qualité des gaz alternatifs au SF6 (ci-après appelés "gaz") en vue de leur réutilisation dans les matériels électriques après récupération et, le cas échéant, régénération (par exemple, au cours de la maintenance, de la réparation, de la révision ou en fin de vie).
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 08-Feb-2026
- Technical Committee
- TC 10 - Fluids for electrotechnical applications
- Drafting Committee
- WG 41 - TC 10/WG 41
- Current Stage
- PPUB - Publication issued
- Start Date
- 09-Feb-2026
- Completion Date
- 06-Mar-2026
Overview
IEC 63359:2026 – "Fluids for electrotechnical application: Specifications for the re-use of mixtures of gases alternative to SF₆" – is a critical international standard developed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). This document provides specifications addressing the quality requirements for mixtures of gases that serve as alternatives to sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆), facilitating their safe and effective re-use in electrical power equipment after recovery and, if necessary, reclaiming.
As the industry shifts toward alternatives to SF₆ due to environmental and regulatory concerns, IEC 63359:2026 enables manufacturers, utilities, and service providers to implement standardized procedures for evaluating and ensuring the suitability of recovered gas mixtures for re-use, particularly in high-voltage and medium-voltage applications.
Key Topics
Quality Criteria for Gas Mixtures
The standard sets out the parameters and purity requirements for various gas mixtures, such as those containing C5-FK, C4-FN, CO₂, O₂, and N₂, for safe re-use in electrical equipment.Definitions and Terminology
Detailed definitions for terms such as used gas, reclaiming, contaminants, by-products, non-arced gas, and arced gas, ensuring industry-wide understanding and consistency.Contaminants and Their Sources
Guidance on common contaminants (moisture, air, by-products, oils) arising from gas handling and electrical operations, with insights into their typical sources.Reclaiming Process Feasibility
Criteria and recommended methods for reclaiming used gas mixtures, including the evaluation of on-site and off-site processes for contaminant removal.Gas Analysis Techniques
Recommended gas analysis protocols-covering both on-site and laboratory techniques-to assess the compliance of recovered gases with required specifications.Responsibility Assignment
Outlines roles for gas manufacturers, equipment manufacturers, and end users in ensuring safe handling, risk assessment, and regulatory compliance regarding alternative gases.
Applications
IEC 63359:2026 is essential for organizations aiming to adopt sustainable alternatives to SF₆ in electrical power systems. Practical applications include:
Maintenance and Servicing
Utilities and service companies can follow set criteria for the recovery, reclaiming, and re-qualification of gas mixtures, reducing environmental impact and optimizing lifecycle management for electrical equipment.Switchgear Manufacturing
Manufacturers of high-voltage and medium-voltage switchgear gain a clear framework for specifying, analyzing, and certifying re-used gas mixtures.Regulatory Compliance
Helps organizations conform to international and national regulations regarding the use, storage, disposal, and re-use of insulating and switching gases.Environmental Sustainability
Supports industry efforts to minimize the release of greenhouse gases, by establishing a clear process for the re-use of environmentally preferable alternatives to SF₆.Quality Assurance
Provides standardized analysis and inspection procedures, ensuring that re-used gas mixtures meet the safety and performance requirements critical to reliable operation.
Related Standards
For comprehensive implementation, IEC 63359:2026 should be used alongside complementary IEC standards, including:
- IEC 62271-4:2022 – Handling procedures for gases for insulation and/or switching in high-voltage switchgear.
- IEC 63360:2025 – Specification of gases alternative to SF₆ for electrical power equipment.
- IEC 60480:2019 – Specifications for the re-use of SF₆ and its mixtures in electrical equipment.
- IEC 60050-212, IEC 60050-441, IEC 60050-426 – Electropedia vocabulary references for consistent definitions.
- IEC 62474 Database – For information regarding regulated substances in electrotechnical products.
IEC 63359:2026 is a key resource for all stakeholders in the electrical industry committed to sustainable, regulatory-compliant, and reliable gas management practices in power applications.
Buy Documents
IEC 63359:2026 - Fluids for electrotechnical application: Specifications for the re-use of mixtures of gases alternative to SF<sub>6</sub>/9/2026
IEC 63359:2026 - Fluides pour applications électrotechniques : Spécifications pour la réutilisation des mélanges de gaz alternatifs au SF<sub>6</sub>/9/2026
IEC 63359:2026 - Fluids for electrotechnical application: Specifications for the re-use of mixtures of gases alternative to SF<sub>6</sub>/9/2026
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Frequently Asked Questions
IEC 63359:2026 is a standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its full title is "Fluids for electrotechnical application: Specifications for the re-use of mixtures of gases alternative to SF<sub>6</sub>". This standard covers: IEC 63359:2026 This document provides the quality of gases alternative to SF6 (subsequently referred to as gases) for their re-use in electrical power equipment after recovery and if applicable reclaiming.
IEC 63359:2026 This document provides the quality of gases alternative to SF6 (subsequently referred to as gases) for their re-use in electrical power equipment after recovery and if applicable reclaiming.
IEC 63359:2026 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 23 - FLUID SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS FOR GENERAL USE; 29.040.20 - Insulating gases. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
IEC 63359:2026 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 63359 ®
Edition 1.0 2026-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Fluids for electrotechnical application: Specifications for the re-use of mixtures
of gases alternative to SF
ICS 29.040.20 ISBN 978-2-8327-1040-1
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 2
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions and abbreviated terms . 5
3.1 Terms and definitions . 5
3.2 Abbreviated terms. 7
4 Contaminants and their sources . 7
4.1 General . 7
4.2 Contaminants from handling and use . 7
5 Specifications for used single gases suitable for reuse . 8
6 Specifications for used gas suitable for reuse . 8
7 Reclaiming of gases for re-use in electrical power equipment . 10
7.1 Feasibility and process . 10
7.2 Gas analysis techniques for checking the quality of the gas . 11
7.2.1 General. 11
7.2.2 On-site analysis . 11
7.2.3 Laboratory analysis . 12
Bibliography . 13
Figure 1 – Decision flow chart for recovered gas intended to be re-used or disposed . 11
Table 1 – Most common contaminants of gases . 7
Table 2 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of C5-FK with O and N . 8
2 2
Table 3 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of C4-FN with CO . 8
Table 4 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of C4-FN with O and CO . 9
2 2
Table 5 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of C4-FN with O and N . 9
2 2
Table 6 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of CO and O . 9
2 2
Table 7 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of CO and N . 9
2 2
Table 8 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of CO , O and N . 10
2 2 2
Table 9 – Most common methods for the removal of contaminants. 10
Table 10 – Most common laboratory analysis techniques . 12
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
Fluids for electrotechnical application -
Specifications for the re-use of mixtures of gases alternative to SF
FOREWORD
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IEC 63359 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 10: Fluids for electrotechnical
applications. It is an International Standard.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
10/1296/FDIS 10/1298/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
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1 Scope
This document provides the quality of gases alternative to SF (subsequently referred to as
gases) for their re-use in electrical power equipment after recovery and if applicable reclaiming
(e.g., during maintenance, repair, overhaul or at the end-of-life). The re-use criteria consider
technical and environmental concerns.
This document covers the same gases as listed in IEC 63360. For gases not mentioned in this
document, the electrical power equipment manufacturer and/or the gas manufacturer provide
the information indicated in this document. It is the intention of this document to include such
gases in a next edition or in amendments to this edition.
Procedures for recovering and reclaiming of used gases are described in IEC 62271-4:2022.
NOTE 1 Reclaiming procedures of gases can be done by either reclaiming the complete gas or by separating the
most valuable components from the gas.
Gas analysis techniques for checking the quality of the gas are described in this document.
It is the responsibility of the gas manufacturer and/or the electrical power equipment
manufacturer to provide sufficient information for safe handling of gases and to provide a risk
assessment. It is the responsibility of the user of the electrical power equipment to establish
appropriate health and safety practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 2 If not otherwise specified in this document, concentration values (e.g. %, ppmv, µl/l) of gas components or
contaminants are given in volume fraction at 20 °C and 100 kPa. More information on temperature and pressure
dependence of mole fraction and volume fraction is given in IEC 63360:2025, Annex C.
NOTE 3 If gases for electrical power equipment are regulated, their designation and regulation origin can be found
in the IEC 62474 database [1] (available at https://std.iec.ch/iec62474).
NOTE 4 Information about storage, transportation and disposal of gases, gas properties, safety and first aid,
environmental impact, training and certification, handling equipment, by-products, and procedures to evaluate the
potential effects on health are covered by IEC 62271-4:2022.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-212:2010, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 212: Electrical
insulating solids, liquids and gases (available at http://www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60050-426:2020, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 826: Explosive
atmospheres (available at http://www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60050-441, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 441: Switchgear,
controlgear and fuses (available at http://www.electropedia.org)
IEC 63360:2025, Fluids for electrotechnical application - Specification of gases alternative to
SF to be used in electrical power equipement
___________
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.
3 Terms and definitions and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions gi
...
IEC 63359 ®
Edition 1.0 2026-02
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Fluides pour applications électrotechniques : Spécifications pour la réutilisation
des mélanges de gaz alternatifs au SF
ICS 29.040.20 ISBN 978-2-8327-1040-1
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SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS . 2
1 Domaine d'application . 4
2 Références normatives . 4
3 Termes, définitions et termes abrégés . 5
3.1 Termes et définitions. 5
3.2 Termes abrégés . 7
4 Contaminants et leurs sources . 7
4.1 Généralités . 7
4.2 Contaminants provenant de la manipulation et de l'utilisation . 8
5 Spécifications pour les gaz élémentaires usagés réutilisables . 8
6 Spécifications pour les mélanges de gaz usagés réutilisables . 8
7 Régénération des gaz en vue de leur réutilisation dans des matériels électriques . 10
7.1 Faisabilité et processus . 10
7.2 Techniques d'analyse des gaz pour en vérifier la qualité . 12
7.2.1 Généralités . 12
7.2.2 Analyse sur site . 12
7.2.3 Analyse en laboratoire . 12
Bibliographie . 13
Figure 1 – Organigramme de décision concernant le gaz récupéré destiné à être
réutilisé ou éliminé . 11
Tableau 1 – Contaminants les plus courants des gaz . 7
Tableau 2 – Spécifications pour la réutilisation des mélanges de C5-FK avec O et N . 8
2 2
Tableau 3 – Spécifications pour la réutilisation des mélanges de C4-FN avec CO . 9
Tableau 4 – Spécifications pour la réutilisation des mélanges de C4-FN avec O
et CO . 9
Tableau 5 – Spécifications pour la réutilisation des mélanges de C4-FN avec O et N . 9
2 2
Tableau 6 – Spécifications pour la réutilisation des mélanges de CO et O . 9
2 2
Tableau 7 – Spécifications pour la réutilisation des mélanges de CO et N . 10
2 2
Tableau 8 – Spécifications pour la réutilisation des mélanges de CO , O et N . 10
2 2 2
Tableau 9 – Méthodes les plus communes d'élimination des contaminants . 10
Tableau 10 – Techniques d'analyse les plus communes en laboratoire . 12
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
____________
Fluides pour applications électrotechniques -
Spécifications pour la réutilisation des mélanges de gaz alternatifs au SF
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électrotechniques. Il s'agit d'une Norme internationale.
Le texte de cette Norme internationale est issu des documents suivants:
Projet Rapport de vote
10/1296/FDIS 10/1298/RVD
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recherché. À cette date, le document sera
– reconduit,
– supprimé, ou
– révisé.
1 Domaine d'application
Le présent document définit la qualité des gaz alternatifs au SF6 (ci-après appelés "gaz") en
vue de leur réutilisation dans les matériels électriques après récupération et, le cas échéant,
régénération (par exemple, au cours de la maintenance, de la réparation, de la révision ou en
fin de vie). Les critères de réutilisation tiennent compte des aspects techniques et
environnementaux.
Le présent document couvre les mêmes gaz que ceux énumérés dans l'IEC 63360. Pour les
gaz qui ne sont pas mentionnés dans le présent document, le fabricant du matériel électrique
et/ou le fabricant du gaz fournissent les informations indiquées dans le présent document.
L'objectif du présent document est de traiter ces nouveaux gaz dans une édition ultérieure ou
dans des amendements à la présente édition.
Les procédures de récupération et de régénération des gaz usagés sont décrites dans
l'IEC 62271-4:2022.
NOTE 1 Les procédures de régénération des gaz peuvent être effectuées soit en régénérant la totalité du gaz soit
en séparant les composants les plus valorisables du gaz.
Les techniques d'analyse des gaz pour en vérifier la qualité sont décrites dans le présent
document.
Il incombe au fabricant de gaz et/ou au fabricant de matériels électriques de fournir des
informations suffisantes pour une manipulation des gaz en toute sécurité et de procéder à une
évaluation des risques. Il incombe à l'utilisateur du matériel électrique d'établir des pratiques
sanitaires et de sécurité adaptées et de déterminer l'applicabilité de limites réglementaires
avant toute utilisation.
NOTE 2 Sauf spécification contraire dans le présent document, les valeurs de concentration (%, ppmv, μl/l, par
exemple) des composants gazeux ou des contaminants sont données en fraction volumique à 20 °C et 100 kPa. Plus
d'informations concernant la dépendance de la fraction molaire et de la fraction volumique à la température et à la
pression sont données dans l'IEC 63360:2025, Annexe C.
NOTE 3 Si les gaz destinés aux matériels électriques sont réglementés, la désignation de ces gaz et leur origine
réglementaire peuvent être consultées dans la base de données que constitue l'IEC 62474 [1] (disponible à
l'adresse https://std.iec.ch/iec62474).
NOTE 4 Les informations relatives au stockage, au transport et à l'élimination des gaz, aux propriétés des gaz, à
la sécurité et premiers soins, à l'impact sur l'environnement, à la formation et à la certification, aux matériels de
manipulation, aux produits de décomposition et aux procédures d'évaluation des effets potentiels sur la santé sont
couvertes par l'IEC 62271-4:2022.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont cités dans le texte de sorte qu'ils constituent, pour tout ou partie
de leur contenu, des exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule
l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de
référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels amendements).
IEC 60050-212:2010, Vocabulaire Électrotechnique International (IEV) - Partie 212: Isolants
électriques solides, liquides et gazeux (disponible à l'adresse http://www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60050-426:2020, Vocabulaire Électrotechnique International (IEV) - Partie 426:
Atmosphères explosives (disponible à l'adresse http://www.electropedia.org)
___________
Les chiffres entre crochets renvoient à la Bibliographie.
IEC 60050-441, Vocabulaire Électrotechnique International (IEV) - Chapitre 441: Appareillage
et fusibles (disponible à l'adresse http://www.electropedia.org)
IEC 63360: 2025, Fluides pour applications électrotechniques - Spécification des gaz alternatifs
au SF destinés à être utilisés dans les matériels électriques
3 Termes, définitions et termes abrégés
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions de l'IEC 60050-212,
l'IEC 60050-426 et l'IEC 60050-441 ainsi que les suivants s'appliquent.
L'ISO et l'IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées
en normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes:
– IEC Electropedia: disponible à l'adresse https://www.electropedia.org/
– ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l'adresse https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 Termes et définitions
3.1.1
matériel électrique
matériel à haute tension ou à moyenne tension qui contient du gaz pour l'isolation et/ou la
commut
...
IEC 63359 ®
Edition 1.0 2026-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Fluids for electrotechnical application: Specifications for the re-use of mixtures
of gases alternative to SF
Fluides pour applications électrotechniques : Spécifications pour la réutilisation
des mélanges de gaz alternatifs au SF
ICS 29.040.20 ISBN 978-2-8327-1040-1
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 2
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions and abbreviated terms . 5
3.1 Terms and definitions . 5
3.2 Abbreviated terms. 7
4 Contaminants and their sources . 7
4.1 General . 7
4.2 Contaminants from handling and use . 7
5 Specifications for used single gases suitable for reuse . 8
6 Specifications for used gas suitable for reuse . 8
7 Reclaiming of gases for re-use in electrical power equipment . 10
7.1 Feasibility and process . 10
7.2 Gas analysis techniques for checking the quality of the gas . 11
7.2.1 General. 11
7.2.2 On-site analysis . 11
7.2.3 Laboratory analysis . 12
Bibliography . 13
Figure 1 – Decision flow chart for recovered gas intended to be re-used or disposed . 11
Table 1 – Most common contaminants of gases . 7
Table 2 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of C5-FK with O and N . 8
2 2
Table 3 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of C4-FN with CO . 8
Table 4 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of C4-FN with O and CO . 9
2 2
Table 5 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of C4-FN with O and N . 9
2 2
Table 6 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of CO and O . 9
2 2
Table 7 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of CO and N . 9
2 2
Table 8 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of CO , O and N . 10
2 2 2
Table 9 – Most common methods for the removal of contaminants. 10
Table 10 – Most common laboratory analysis techniques . 12
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
Fluids for electrotechnical application -
Specifications for the re-use of mixtures of gases alternative to SF
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
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Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
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3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in
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the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at https://patents.iec.ch. IEC
shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 63359 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 10: Fluids for electrotechnical
applications. It is an International Standard.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
10/1296/FDIS 10/1298/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
– reconfirmed,
– withdrawn, or
– revised.
1 Scope
This document provides the quality of gases alternative to SF (subsequently referred to as
gases) for their re-use in electrical power equipment after recovery and if applicable reclaiming
(e.g., during maintenance, repair, overhaul or at the end-of-life). The re-use criteria consider
technical and environmental concerns.
This document covers the same gases as listed in IEC 63360. For gases not mentioned in this
document, the electrical power equipment manufacturer and/or the gas manufacturer provide
the information indicated in this document. It is the intention of this document to include such
gases in a next edition or in amendments to this edition.
Procedures for recovering and reclaiming of used gases are described in IEC 62271-4:2022.
NOTE 1 Reclaiming procedures of gases can be done by either reclaiming the complete gas or by separating the
most valuable components from the gas.
Gas analysis techniques for checking the quality of the gas are described in this document.
It is the responsibility of the gas manufacturer and/or the electrical power equipment
manufacturer to provide sufficient information for safe handling of gases and to provide a risk
assessment. It is the responsibility of the user of the electrical power equipment to establish
appropriate health and safety practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 2 If not otherwise specified in this document, concentration values (e.g. %, ppmv, µl/l) of gas components or
contaminants are given in volume fraction at 20 °C and 100 kPa. More information on temperature and pressure
dependence of mole fraction and volume fraction is given in IEC 63360:2025, Annex C.
NOTE 3 If gases for electrical power equipment are regulated, their designation and regulation origin can be found
in the IEC 62474 database [1] (available at https://std.iec.ch/iec62474).
NOTE 4 Information about storage, transportation and disposal of gases, gas properties, safety and first aid,
environmental impact, training and certification, handling equipment, by-products, and procedures to evaluate the
potential effects on health are covered by IEC 62271-4:2022.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-212:2010, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 212: Electrical
insulating solids, liquids and gases (available at http://www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60050-426:2020, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 826: Explosive
atmospheres (available at http://www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60050-441, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 441: Switchgear,
controlgear and fuses (available at http://www.electropedia.org)
IEC 63360:2025, Fluids for electrotechnical application - Specification of gases alternative to
SF to be used in electrical power equipement
___________
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.
3 Terms and definitions and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-212,
IEC 60050-441 and IEC 60050-426 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
– IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
– ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
electrical power equipment
any high-voltage or medium-voltage equipment containing gas for insulation and/or switching,
e.g. switchgear and controlgear, gas-insulated lines, transformers, instrument transformers,
etc.
3.1.2
single gas
gas made up of identical atoms or molecules
Note 1 to entry: A single gas can contain contaminants.
EXAMPLE CO is a typical example of a single gas.
3.1.3
gas mixture
gas made up of a minimum of two single gases
Note 1 to entry: A gas mixture can contain contaminants.
EXAMPLE CO /O is a typical example of a gas mixture of two single gases.
2 2
3.1.4
gas container
vessel (cylinder) suitable for the containment of pressurized gases either in gaseous or liquid
phase, according to local and/or international safety and transportation regulations
[SOURCE: IEC 60480:2019 [2], 3.2, modified − “gas” has been added to the term.]
3.1.5
reclaiming of a gas
process of removing contaminants from a gas
[SOURCE: IEC 62271-4:2022 [3], 3.1.15]
3.1.6
recovery of a gas
process of transferring a gas from a gas compartment into an alternate container (recovery
container)
Note 1 to entry: The operation is normally performed utilising a recovery equipment.
[SOURCE: IEC 62271-4:2022, 3.1.13]
3.1.7
contaminant
foreign substance or material in an insulating liquid, gas or solid
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-212:2010, 212-17-27, modified – "which usually has deleterious effect
on one or more properties" has been deleted.]
3.1.8
by-product
contaminant which is formed by the degradation of the gas by electrical arcs, corona effect or
sparks, or formed by chemical reaction with other substances or materials
[SOURCE: IEC 62271-4:2022, 3.1.6]
3.1.9
ambient air
normal atmosphere surrounding the equipment
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-426:2020, 426-24-05]
3.1.10
non-arced gas
gas within a gas compartment or gas-cylinder that never experienced arcing and contains no
relevant gas decomposition and no relevant solid by-products, but where small quantities of
gaseous by-products can be present
Note 1 to entry: Small quantities of by-products can be present for example when partial discharges have occurred
in the gas.
Note 2 to entry: Typical electrical power equipment having non-arced gases are: gas-insulated lines, gas-insulated
busbars, gas-insulated voltage and current transformers, cable box, gas compartment around a vacuum circuit-
breaker.
[SOURCE: IEC 62271-4:2022, 3.1.22]
3.1.11
normally arced gas
gas within a gas compartment or a gas-cylinder that experienced arcing during load current or
fault current switching operations
Note 1 to entry: Overheating, for example due to bad contacts, or heavy partial discharge can also lead to
decomposition of the gas.
Note 2 to entry: Details on normally arced gases depend on the design of the switchgear and the gas.
Note 3 to entry: Typical electrical power equipment having normally arced gases are: any gas compartment
containing switching equipment, like earthing switch, disconnector, load-break switch and circuit-breaker.
[SOURCE: IEC 62271-4:2022, 3.1.23]
3.1.12
heavily arced gas
gas within a gas compartment or a gas-cylinder that experienced an internal arc fault or arcing
within a circuit-breaker after interruption failure or arcing within a switch after interruption failure
or arcing within a circuit-breaker during successful interruption of several short-circuits
Note 1 to entry: Details on heavily arced gases depend on the design of the switchgear and the gas.
[SOURCE: IEC 62271-4:2022, 3.1.24]
3.1.13
used gas
insulation gas that has been introduced into electrical power equipment
3.1.14
used gas suitable for reuse
used gas having a maximum level of contaminants in accordance with Table 2 to Table 8
3.2 Abbreviated terms
ppmv parts per million by volume
4 Contaminants and their sources
4.1 General
Gas recovered from electrical power equipment in operation contains several kinds of
contaminants. Contaminants in recovered gases come both from gas handling and from use.
Table 1 summarizes the most common contaminants and their sources. For each gas, additional
information is available in IEC 62271-4:2022, Clause C.8, Clause D.8, Clause E.8 or
Clause F.8.
Table 1 – Most common contaminants of gases
Gas condition Origin Most common contaminants
– Residual gas after recovery of the gas
– Permeation of ambient gas and/or humidity to
inside
For natural-origin gases: Air, H O
– Desorption of humidity from materials
Non-arced gas
For fluorinated gas mixture: Air,
– Chemical reaction of gas with materials H O.
– Residual dust in the gas
– Residual oil from compressors or vacuum pumps
Above, plus
For natural-origin gases: Air, H O,
CO , CO, O , NO , CF , C (solid)
– Arcing in switches and circuit-breakers
2 3 x 4
For fluorinated gas mixture: Air,
Normally arced gas – Partial discharges
H O and by-products (see
– Short-circuit making (earthing switches)
IEC 62271-4:2022, Annexes E
and F).
– Disconnector operation on energised lines
For natural-origin gases: Air, H O,
Above, plus
CO , CO, O , NO , CF , C (solid)
2 3 x 4
– Multiple short-circuit breaking
Heavily arced gas For fluorinated gas mixture: Air,
– Multiple short-circuit making
H O and by-products (see
– Failed breaking
IEC 62271-4:2022, Annexes E
and F).
– Internal arc failure
4.2 Contaminants from handling and use
Filling and recovery of the gas can lead to the additional contamination with ambient air
including humidity.
Humidity also desorbs from internal surfaces of the electrical power equipment and from
polymeric parts. Oil from handling equipment (pumps and compressors) can also be
inadvertently introduced.
When using gas mixtures, the possibility of cross contamination between different gas mixtures
should be considered.
5 Specifications for used single gases suitable for reuse
Single gases suitable for re-use shall comply with IEC 63360:2025, Tables 3 to 7.
6 Specifications for used gas suitable for reuse
Compressed air suitable for re-use shall comply with IEC 63360:2025, Table 1.
Synthetic air suitable for re-use shall comply with IEC 63360:2025, Table 2.
If the mixing ratio does not meet the specifications, information about rectifying the mixing ratio
can be given by the original equipment manufacturer (OEM). Re-use of gas mixtures shall
comply with the specifications in Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, Table 6, Table 7 or Table 8.
Table 2 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of C5-FK with O and N
2 2
Substance Concentration
C5-FK According to OEM specifications
O According to OEM specifications
a
N
Remaining
Other gases (e.g., CO,CO ) ≤ 3,0 %
b
H O
≤ 200 μl/l (ppmv)
a
The concentrations sum to 100 %.
b
This value is equivalent to −36 °C frost point at 100 kPa.
Table 3 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of C4-FN with CO
Substance Concentration
C4-FN According to OEM specifications
a
CO
Remaining
Other gases (e.g., N , O , CO) ≤ 3,0 %
2 2
b
H O
≤ 200 μl/l (ppmv)
a
The concentrations sum to 100 %.
b
This value is equivalent to −36 °C frost point at 100 kPa.
Table 4 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of C4-FN with O and CO
2 2
Substance Concentration
C4-FN According to OEM specifications
O According to OEM specifications
a
CO
Remaining
Other gases (e.g., N , CO) ≤ 3,0 %
b
H O
≤ 200 μl/l (ppmv)
a
The concentrations sum to 100 %.
b
This value is equivalent to −36 °C frost point at 100 kPa.
Table 5 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of C4-FN with O and N
2 2
Substance Concentration
C4-FN According to OEM specifications
O According to OEM specifications
a
N
Remaining
Other gases (e.g., CO , CO) ≤ 3,0 %
b
H O
μl/l (ppmv)
≤ 200
a
The concentrations sum to 100 %.
b
This value is equivalent to −36 °C frost point at 100 kPa.
Table 6 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of CO and O
2 2
Substance Concentration
O According to OEM specifications
a
CO
Remaining
Other gases (e.g., N , CO) ≤ 3,0 %
b
H O
≤ 200 μl/l (ppmv)
a
The concentrations sum to 100 %.
b
This value is equivalent to −36 °C frost point at 100 kPa.
Table 7 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of CO and N
2 2
Substance Concentration
CO According to OEM specifications
a
N
Remaining
Other gases (e.g., O , CO) ≤ 3,0 %
b
H O
≤ 200 μl/l (ppmv)
a
The concentrations sum to 100 %.
b
This value is equivalent to −36 °C frost point at 100 kPa.
Table 8 – Specifications for re-use of mixtures of CO , O and N
2 2 2
Substance Concentration
O According to OEM specifications
CO According to OEM specifications
a
N
Remaining
Other gases (e.g., CO, …) ≤ 3,0 %
b
H O
≤ 200 µl/l (ppmv)
a
The concentrations sum to 100 %.
b
This value is equivalent to −36 °C frost point at 100 kPa.
7 Reclaiming of gases for re-use in electrical power equipment
7.1 Feasibility and process
The quality of reclaimed gas for re-use in electrical power equipment shall meet the
requirements of this document.
Contaminants including by-products formed during operation cannot always be removed easily
on-site. In each situation, an evaluation of the on-site reclaiming options should be done.
Table 9 lists methods recommended for removing the contaminants as given in Table 1.
Table 9 – Most common methods for the removal of contaminants
Contaminants Humidity Gaseous by- Solid by- Air, N , CF , … Mineral oil
2 4
products products
Removal method Adsorption with Adsorption with Retaining with Separation by Adsorption with
molecular sieve activated solid filters membrane activated
aluminium oxide filtration charcoal filter
or molecular
sieve
Various types of molecular sieves are available to remove contaminants. Details for the use of
different gas mixtures can be given by the gas handling equipment manufacturer.
In case a reclaiming process is intended, a gas analysis should be performed and compared
with the specifications for re-use according to Clause 6. Depending on availability, the gas
analysis can be done on-site or/and in a laboratory. The reclaiming method depends on the
level and type of contamination. When it is applicable, re-purifying the gas on-site with a
handling equipment will be the most favourable way.
However, if reuse is not possible, reclaiming or disposal will be necessary. In this case, the gas
shall be sent to the gas manufacturer or appropriate reclaimer.
For contaminants as humidity or by-products, the question of whether the gas is reclaimable
on-site depends only on the performance of the filters available. The addition of external pre-
filters can be required to increase the efficiency of the on-site reclaiming process.
Figure 1 defines the selection procedure to determine the appropriate treatment of the gas after
recovery of the gas.
Figure 1 – Decision flow chart for recovered gas intended to be re-used or disposed
7.2 Gas analysis techniques for checking the quality of the gas
7.2.1 General
The gas analyses can be done directly on the gas container or by using gas samples. Details
of the procedures for obtaining a sample are provided in IEC 60480:2019, Annex A and
IEC 62271-4:2022, 5.2.3.
7.2.2 On-site analysis
If an on-site analysis system is used, depending on the gas mixture, it is equipped with a gas
pump back system.
On-site available analytical methods are shown in IEC 63360:2025, Tables B.1, B.2, B.3, B.4
and B.5. By-products can be analysed using infrared absorption or electro-chemical sensors.
In case of high concentration of by-products (see Clause 4), care should be taken to avoid
damage to the measuring instrument.
7.2.3 Laboratory analysis
If no on-site analysis equipment is available, the following recommended laboratory analysis
techniques should be used (see Table 10). Laboratory techniques are intended to provide a
quantitative assessment of the contaminants in a gas sample.
Humidity is a contaminant that cannot be determined accurately from a sampling cylinder. The
humidity content of a gas in a sampling cylinder is not representative because water adsorbs
on the sampling cylinder surfaces. Therefore, the humidity analysis shall always be carried out
directly on the container on-site.
Table 10 – Most common laboratory analysis techniques
Contaminants Techniques available
a
GC
C4-FN, C5-FK
b
FTIR
a
GC
Fluorinated by-products
Infrared absorption
a
GC
Air, N , O , CO , CO, NO
2 2 2 x
Infrared absorption
a
GC
Oil
Infrared absorption
Infrared absorption
HF Ion chromatography
Wet chemistry
NOTE Details about most common analysis techniques are described in IEC 60480:2019, Clause A.3.
a
GC: Gas chromatography can be performed by using adequate detectors for the determination of contaminants
or to control the mixing g
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