EN 474-1:2022
(Main)Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
This document specifies the general safety requirements for earth-moving machinery, hereinafter also referred to as machines, described in EN ISO 6165:2012, except horizontal directional drills.
NOTE 1 Horizontal directional drills are covered by EN 16228 1 and EN 16228 3.
This document gives the common safety requirements for earth-moving machinery families (see EN ISO 6165:2012, 3.4) and is intended to be used in conjunction with relevant parts of EN 474-2 to EN 474-13. These machine specific parts (EN 474 2 to EN 474−13) do not repeat the requirements from EN 474 1:2022 but supplement or modify the requirements for the family in question.
NOTE 2 The requirements specified in this part of the standard are common to two or more families of earth- moving machinery.
This document does not provide requirements for main electrical circuits and drives of machinery when the primary source of energy is an external electrical supply.
This document does not provide performance requirements for safety related functions of control system(s).
This document does not deal with towing of trailers.
This document does not deal with demolition machinery.
This document deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to earth-moving machinery, when used as intended and under conditions foreseen but also taking into account any reasonably foreseeable misuse thereof (see Annex A).
The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document:
— Laser;
— Lightning.
This document specifies the appropriate technical measures to reduce risks arising from the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events during the whole foreseeable lifecycle of the machinery as described in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
This document is not applicable to earth-moving machinery which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
NOTE 3 For travelling on public roads, national traffic regulations apply (e.g. braking, steering, lighting, towing, etc.) until harmonized requirements are available.
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen
Dieses Dokument legt allgemeine sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an Erdbaumaschinen – im Folgenden auch als Maschinen bezeichnet – fest, die in EN ISO 6165:2012 beschrieben sind; ausgenommen hiervon sind Geräte für das gerichtete Horizontalbohrverfahren.
ANMERKUNG 1 Geräte für das gerichtete Horizontalbohrverfahren werden in EN 16228 1 und EN 16228 3 behandelt.
Dieses Dokument beschreibt gemeinsame Sicherheitsanforderungen für Erdbaumaschinen (siehe EN ISO 6165:2012, 3.4) und ist dazu vorgesehen, zusammen mit maßgeblichen Teilen von EN 474-2 bis EN 474-13 angewendet zu werden. Diese maschinenspezifischen Teile (EN 474 2 bis EN 474−13) wiederholen nicht die Anforderungen in EN 474 1:2022, sondern ergänzen bzw. ändern Anforderungen an die jeweilige Maschinenart.
ANMERKUNG 2 Die Anforderungen, die in diesem Teil der Normenreihe beschrieben sind, treffen auf zwei oder mehr Arten von Erdbaumaschinen zu.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Anforderungen an den Hauptstromkreis und den Antrieb, wenn die primäre Energiequelle eine externe Stromversorgung ist.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Leistungsanforderungen an Sicherheitsfunktionen von Steuerungssystemen.
Dieses Dokument behandelt nicht das Ziehen von Anhängern.
Dieses Dokument behandelt keine Abrissmaschinen.
Dieses Dokument behandelt signifikante Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Gefährdungsereignisse, die auf Erdbaumaschinen zutreffen, wenn sie bestimmungsgemäß und unter vorhersehbaren Bedingungen verwendet werden, aber auch unter Berücksichtigung einer vernünftigerweise vorhersehbaren Fehlanwendung (siehe Anhang A).
Die folgenden signifikanten und relevanten Gefährdungen werden in diesem Dokument nicht behandelt:
— Laserstrahlung;
— Blitzschlag.
In diesem Dokument sind die entsprechenden technischen Maßnahmen beschrieben, um solche Risiken zu minimieren, die nach EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, von den signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Gefährdungsereignissen während des gesamten vorhersehbaren Lebenszyklus der Erdbaumaschine ausgehen.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anwendbar für Erdbaumaschinen, die vor der Veröffentlichung dieses Dokuments durch CEN hergestellt wurden.
ANMERKUNG 3 Für das Fahren auf öffentlichen Straßen gelten die nationalen Straßenverkehrsordnungen (z. B. Bremsen, Lenken, Beleuchtung, Abschleppen usw.), bis harmonisierte Anforderungen verfügbar sind.
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 1 : Prescriptions générales
Le présent document spécifie les prescriptions générales de sécurité des engins de terrassement, par la suite appelés « engins » et décrits dans l'EN ISO 6165:2012, à l'exception des appareils de forage dirigés.
NOTE 1 Les appareils de forage dirigés sont couverts par l'EN 16228 1 et l'EN 16228 3.
Le présent document spécifie les prescriptions de sécurité communes aux familles d'engins de terrassement (voir l'EN ISO 6165:2012, 3.4) et doit être utilisé conjointement avec les parties pertinentes de EN 474-2 à EN 474-13. Ces parties (EN 474 2 à EN 474−13) qui sont spécifiques aux différentes machines ne répètent pas les prescriptions du EN 474 1:2022, mais complètent ou modifient les prescriptions applicables à la famille concernée.
NOTE 2 Les prescriptions spécifiées dans la présente partie de la norme sont communes à au moins deux familles d'engins de terrassement.
Le présent document ne spécifie aucune prescription relative aux circuits électriques principaux et aux commandes des engins lorsque la principale source d'énergie est une alimentation électrique externe.
Le présent document ne spécifie aucune prescription de performance relative aux fonctions de sécurité du (des) système(s) de commande.
Le présent document ne traite pas de la traction des remorques.
Le présent document ne traite pas des engins de démolition.
Le présent document traite des phénomènes dangereux significatifs, situations dangereuses et événements dangereux se rapportant aux engins de terrassement, lorsqu'ils sont utilisés normalement et dans les conditions prévues, mais en tenant également compte des mauvais usages raisonnablement prévisibles (voir Annexe A).
Les phénomènes dangereux significatifs et pertinents suivants ne sont pas couverts par le présent document :
— laser ;
— foudre.
Le présent document spécifie les mesures techniques appropriées visant à réduire les risques dus aux phénomènes dangereux significatifs, aux situations dangereuses et aux événements dangereux survenant pendant toute la durée de vie prévisible de l'engin, tel que décrit dans l'EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
Le présent document n'est pas applicable aux engins de terrassement fabriqués avant la date de publication du présent document par le CEN.
NOTE 3 Pour la circulation sur les voies publiques, les codes de la route nationaux s'appliquent (freinage, conduite, éclairage, attelage, par exemple) tant que des prescriptions harmonisées ne sont pas disponibles.
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 1. del: Splošne zahteve
Ta evropski standard določa splošne varnostne zahteve za stroje za zemeljska dela (v nadaljevanju: »stroji«), opisane v standardu EN ISO 6165:2012, razen opreme za vodoravno usmerjeno vrtanje.
OPOMBA 1: Oprema za vodoravno usmerjeno vrtanje je obravnavana v skupini standardov EN 16228.
Ta evropski standard določa skupne varnostne zahteve za družine strojev za zemeljska dela (glej standard EN ISO 6165:2012, točka 3.4) in je predviden za uporabo skupaj z ustreznimi deli od 2 do 13 standarda EN 474. Deli od 2 do 13 standarda EN 474, specifični za posamezne stroje, ne navajajo ponovno zahtev iz standarda prEN 474-1:2016, temveč dodajajo ali nadomeščajo zahteve za zadevno družino strojev.
OPOMBA 2: Zahteve, določene v tem delu standarda, so skupne dvema ali več družinam strojev za zemeljska dela.
Ta del vsebuje posebne zahteve za rušilne stroje.
Posebne zahteve v delih od 2 do 13 standarda prEN 474 imajo prednost pred ustreznimi zahtevami iz standarda
prEN 474-1:2017.
Za izvedene stroje se uporabljajo deli standarda, ki obravnavajo posamezne funkcije in načine uporabe (za mini nakladalnik, ki se uporablja tudi kot rovokopač, se na primer uporabljajo ustrezne zahteve iz 1., 3. in 10. dela standarda EN 474).
Ta standard vključuje tudi splošne zahteve za priključke za uporabo s stroji za zemeljska dela, ki spadajo na področje uporabe tega standarda.
Ta evropski standard (razen 12. dela) ne obravnava električnih nevarnosti, povezanih z glavnimi električnimi vezji in pogoni strojev, kadar je glavni vir energije električni.
Ta evropski standard ne obravnava vleke prikolic.
Ta evropski standard obravnava vsa večja tveganja, nevarne situacije in nevarne dogodke v zvezi s stroji za zemeljska dela, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu s predvidenim namenom ter pod pričakovanimi pogoji, pri čemer se upošteva tudi morebitna razumno predvidena nepravilna uporaba teh strojev (glej točko 4). Ta evropski standard določa ustrezne tehnične ukrepe za zmanjšanje večjih tveganj, nevarnih situacij in nevarnih dogodkov v celotni pričakovani življenjski dobi strojev.
Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za stroje za zemeljska dela, izdelane pred datumom izdaje tega evropskega standarda s strani Evropskega odbora za standardizacijo (CEN).
OPOMBA 3: Za prevažanje po javnih cestah veljajo nacionalni prometni predpisi (npr. glede zaviranja, krmiljenja, razsvetljave, vleke itd.), dokler ne bodo na voljo usklajene zahteve.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 474-1:2007+A6:2019
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 1. del: Splošne zahteve
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 1 : Prescriptions générales
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 474-1:2022
ICS:
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 474-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN 474-1:2006+A6:2019
English Version
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General
requirements
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 1 : Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 1: Allgemeine
Prescriptions générales Anforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 474-1:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 11
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 14
4.1 General . 14
4.2 Access . 14
4.3 Operator's station . 15
4.4 Seat . 18
4.5 Operator's controls and indicators . 18
4.6 Steering system . 20
4.7 Brake systems for travelling . 20
4.8 Visibility. 21
4.9 Forward horns and machine safety labels . 21
4.10 Tyres and rims . 21
4.11 Stability . 22
4.12 Lifting operation . 22
4.13 Noise . 24
4.14 Protective measures and devices . 25
4.15 Recovery, towing away for recovery purposes (TARP), tying-down, lifting and
transporting . 26
4.16 Electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC) . 27
4.17 Electrical and electronic systems . 27
4.18 Hydraulic fluid systems . 29
4.19 Fuel tanks, DEF/urea tanks, hydraulic tanks and pressure vessels . 30
4.20 Fire protection . 30
4.21 Quick coupler . 30
4.22 Maintenance . 31
4.23 Underground operation in non-explosive atmosphere . 32
4.24 Speed limit for non-riding machines. 32
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 32
6 Information for use . 36
6.1 General . 36
6.2 Machine safety labels . 36
6.3 Operator’s manual . 37
6.4 Machine marking . 39
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards . 40
Annex B (normative) Requirements for movable operator's station with the operator at the
operator’s station . 46
B.1 Terms and definitions . 46
B.2 General . 46
B.3 Control of movement . 47
B.4 Emergency descent . 47
B.5 Crushing hazards . 47
B.6 Falling down protection for the operator . 47
B.7 ROPS . 47
B.8 Operator’s manual . 47
B.9 Marking . 48
B.10 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 48
Annex C (normative) Requirements for lifting devices used for lifting operations . 50
C.1 General . 50
C.2 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 50
C.3 Safety requirements . 50
C.4 Additional requirements for attachable hooks used as lifting device(s) . 52
C.5 Additional information to the operator’s manual . 54
C.6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 54
Annex D (normative) Requirements for earth-moving machinery used in underground
working in non-explosive atmosphere . 56
D.1 General . 56
D.2 Operator's station . 56
D.3 Engine exhaust emission and fuel . 56
D.4 Lighting, signalling and marking lights and reflex-reflector devices . 57
D.5 Fire protection . 57
D.6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 57
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending Directive
95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered . 59
Bibliography . 65
European foreword
This document (EN 474-1:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction
equipment and building material machines - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 474-1:2006+A6:2019.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
EN 474 “Earth-moving machinery — Safety” comprises the following parts:
— Part 1: General requirements
— Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers
— Part 3: Requirements for loaders
— Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders
— Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
— Part 6: Requirements for dumpers
— Part 7: Requirements for scrapers
— Part 8: Requirements for graders
— Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers
— Part 10: Requirements for trenchers
— Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors
— Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
— Part 13: Requirements for rollers
To confer a presumption of conformity with the relevant essential requirements of Directive
2006/42/EC, this standard (providing general/common requirements for a whole machine family) has
to be applied together with one of those stand
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