EN 474-10:2022
(Main)Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 10: Requirements for trenchers
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 10: Requirements for trenchers
This document together with EN 474 1:2022 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to trenchers as defined in Clause 3 when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A) associated with the whole lifetime of the machine as described in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in EN 474-1:2022. This document does not repeat the requirements of EN 474-1:2022 but supplements or modifies the requirements for trenchers.
This document deals with:
— trenchers (3.1);
— trenching equipment (3.2);
NOTE In this document "trenchers" entails both "trencher" and "trenching equipment".
— truck vacuum trenchers (3.1.2);
— trenchers equipped with trencher backhoe equipment (3.3).
This document provides specific health and safety requirements of the trenching equipment itself and of the interface (e.g. mechanical, electric, hydraulic, controls) between the carrier-vehicle and its equipment as well as the interaction and effects on each other when used together (e.g. visibility).
This document does not apply to carrier-vehicles which are subject to other relevant regulations.
This document does not deal with continuous surface miners as defined in ISO 19224:2017, truck-trenchers that do not incorporate a vacuum extraction system or self-propelled ride-on and pedestrian controlled floor cutting-off machinery (e.g. ground saw) which are under the scope of EN 13862:2021.
This document does not provide requirements for main electrical circuits and drives of machinery when the primary source of energy is an external electrical supply.
This document does not provide performance requirements for safety related functions of control system(s).
The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document:
— Transmission of power between self-propelled machinery (or tractor) and recipient machinery;
— Laser;
— Lightning.
This document is not applicable to trenchers which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 10: Anforderungen an Grabenfräsen
Dieses Dokument behandelt zusammen mit EN 474 1:2022 alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und ‑ereignisse von Grabenfräsen wie sie in Abschnitt 3 definiert sind, wenn diese Maschinen bestimmungsgemäß verwendet werden sowie unter den vernünftigerweise vom Hersteller vorhersehbaren Fehlanwendungen (siehe Anhang A) für die gesamte Lebensdauer der Maschine wie in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, beschrieben betrieben werden.
Die Anforderungen dieses Dokuments gelten ergänzend zu den allgemeinen Anforderungen der EN 474 1:2022. Dieses Dokument wiederholt nicht die Anforderungen in EN 474 1:2022, sondern ergänzt oder ändert diese für den Einsatz von Grabenfräsen.
Dieses Dokument behandelt:
— Grabenfräsen (3.1);
— Arbeitsausrüstung zum Ziehen von Gräben (3.2);
ANMERKUNG In diesem Dokument umfasst „Grabenfräsen“ sowohl „Grabenfräse“ als auch „Arbeitsausrüstung zum Ziehen von Gräben“.
— LKW mit Anbaugrabenfräse und Vakuumsystem (3.1.2);
— mit einer Heckbaggerarbeitseinrichtung ausgerüstete Grabenfräsen (3.3).
Dieses Dokument enthält spezifische Gesundheits- und Sicherheitsanforderungen der Arbeitsausrüstung zum Ziehen von Gräben selbst und der Schnittstelle (z. B. mechanisch, elektrisch, hydraulisch, Stellteile) zwischen dem Trägerfahrzeug und seiner Arbeitsausrüstung sowie die Interaktion und die Wechselwirkungen zwischen ihnen bei gemeinsamer Verwendung (z. B. Sicht).
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für Trägerfahrzeuge, die anderen geltenden Verordnungen unterliegen.
Dieses Dokument behandelt keine Continuous Surface Miner, wie in ISO 19224:2017 definiert, keine LKW mit Anbaugrabenfräsen, die nicht über ein Vakuumextraktionssystem oder selbstfahrende Bodentrennschleifmaschinen verfügen, weder mitgängergeführte (z. B. Bodensäge) noch solche mit aufsitzendem Maschinenführer, die unter den Anwendungsbereich von EN 13862:2021 fallen.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Anforderungen an den Hauptstromkreis und den Antrieb, wenn die primäre Energiequelle eine externe Stromversorgung ist.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Leistungsanforderungen an Sicherheitsfunktionen von Steuerungssystemen.
Die folgenden signifikanten und relevanten Gefährdungen werden in diesem Dokument nicht behandelt:
— Kraftübertragung zwischen einer selbstfahrenden Maschine (oder einer Zugmaschine) und einer angetriebenen Maschine;
— Laserstrahlung;
— Blitzschlag.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anwendbar für Grabenfräsen, die vor der Veröffentlichung dieses Dokuments durch CEN hergestellt wurden.
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 10 : Prescriptions applicables aux trancheuses
Le présent document associé à l’EN 474 1:2022 traite de tous les phénomènes dangereux significatifs, situations dangereuses et événements se rapportant aux trancheuses telles que définies à l'Article 3, lorsqu'elles sont utilisées normalement et dans les conditions prévues, mais en tenant également compte des mauvais usages raisonnablement prévisibles par le fabricant (voir Annexe A), associés à toute la durée de vie de l'engin, comme décrit dans l'EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
Les prescriptions du présent document viennent en complément des prescriptions communes présentées dans l’EN 474-1:2022. Le présent document ne répète pas les prescriptions de
l’EN 474-1:2022 mais complète ou modifie les prescriptions pour les trancheuses.
Le présent document traite :
— des trancheuses (3.1) ;
— des équipements de creusement de tranchée (3.2) ;
NOTE Dans le présent document, le terme « trancheuses » englobe à la fois la trancheuse elle-même et les équipements de creusement de tranchée.
— des trancheuses aspiratrices excavatrices (3.1.2) ;
— des trancheuses équipées d'une pelleteuse (3.3).
Le présent document fournit des prescriptions spécifiques de santé et de sécurité relatives à l'équipement de creusement de tranchée en lui-même et à l'interface (par exemple, mécanique, électrique, hydraulique, commandes) entre le véhicule porteur et son équipement, ainsi qu'à l'interaction et aux effets de l'un sur l'autre lorsqu'ils sont utilisés ensemble (par exemple, visibilité).
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux véhicules porteurs qui sont soumis à d'autres réglementations applicables.
Le présent document ne traite pas des mineurs continus de surface tels qu'ils sont définis dans l'ISO 19224:2017, des trancheuses sur camion qui ne comportent pas de système d'extraction par aspiration ou des engins automoteurs de découpe du sol à opérateur porté et à opérateur accompagnant (par exemple, scie à sol) qui sont couverts par l'EN 13862:2021.
Le présent document ne spécifie aucune prescription relative aux circuits électriques principaux et aux commandes des engins lorsque la principale source d'énergie est une alimentation électrique externe.
Le présent document ne spécifie aucune prescription de performance relative aux fonctions de sécurité du (des) système(s) de commande.
Les phénomènes dangereux significatifs et pertinents suivants ne sont pas couverts par le présent document :
— Transmission de puissance entre la machine automotrice (ou le tracteur) et la machine réceptrice ;
— Laser ;
— Foudre.
Le présent document n'est pas applicable aux trancheuses fabriquées avant la date de publication du présent document par le CEN.
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 10. del: Zahteve za rovokopače
Ta del standarda prEN 474 obravnava vsa večja tveganja, nevarne situacije in nevarne dogodke v zvezi z rovokopači iz standarda EN ISO 6165:2012 in rovokopači z mehanizirano polagalno enoto, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu s predvidenim namenom in pod pogoji pričakovane nepravilne uporabe, ki jih določa proizvajalec (glej točko 4). Obravnava:
– integrirane rovokopače z lastnim pogonom;
– kombinacije nosilnega vozila (tovornjak, traktor, posebno vozilo) in priključka za kopanje rovov;
– zamenljivo opremo za kopanje rovov, ki je nameščena na izvedenih strojih (npr. mini nakladalnik ali nosilno vozilo).
– Za integrirane rovokopače na lastni pogon ta del obravnava vse posebne zdravstvene in varnostne zahteve.
– Za stroje, ki so kombinacija nosilnega vozila in priključka za kopanje rovov, ki je del vozila (npr. tovornjaka) oziroma je na njem nameščen (npr. na traktorju), ta del standarda prEN 474 obravnava posebne zdravstvene in varnostne zahteve tako za uporabo priključka kot tudi vmesnega elementa (npr. mehanskega, električnega, hidravličnega, krmilnega) med nosilnim vozilom in njegovim priključkom ter nujno medsebojno delovanje in učinke, ki jih imata drug na drugega, kadar se uporabljata skupaj (npr. stabilnost, vidljivost).
OPOMBA: Za nosilna vozila veljajo drugi predpisi (npr. cestni predpisi).
– Za izvedene stroje ta del obravnava posebne zdravstvene in varnostne zahteve za uporabo zamenljive opreme in vmesnega elementa z izvedenimi stroji oziroma z nosilnim vozilom.
– Za te stroje ta del ne obravnava strojev za zemeljska dela, za katere lahko veljajo drugi standardi (npr. standard prEN 474-3 za mini nakladalnike, standard prEN 474-4 za bagre).
Ta evropski standard ne obravnava strojev za neprekinjeno površinsko rudarjenje iz standarda ISO/CD 19224, rovokopačev na tovornjaku, ki ne vključujejo sistema za vakuumsko ekstrakcijo, ter talnih rezalnikov z lastnim pogonom, upravljanih med vožnjo na stroju ali s tal (npr. talna žaga), ki spadajo na področje uporabe standarda EN 13862.
Ta dokument skupaj s 1. delom obravnava vsa večja tveganja za stroje za zemeljska dela – rovokopače, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu s predvidenim namenom in pod pogoji pričakovane nepravilne uporabe, ki jih določa proizvajalec, v zvezi s celotno življenjsko dobo stroja (glej točko 4).
Zahteve iz tega dela dopolnjujejo splošne zahteve iz standarda prEN 474-1. Ta dokument ne navaja ponovno zahtev iz standarda prEN 474-1, temveč dodaja ali nadomešča zahteve za uporabo rovokopačev.
Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za rovokopače, izdelane pred datumom izdaje tega evropskega standarda s strani Evropskega odbora za standardizacijo (CEN).
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 474-10:2007+A1:2009
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 10. del: Zahteve za rovokopače
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 10: Requirements for trenchers
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 10: Anforderungen für Grabenfräsen
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 10 : Prescriptions applicables aux
trancheuses
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 474-10:2022
ICS:
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 474-10
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN 474-10:2006+A1:2009
English Version
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 10: Requirements
for trenchers
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 10 : Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 10: Anforderungen
Prescriptions applicables aux trancheuses für Grabenfräsen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 474-10:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 9
4.1 General . 9
4.2 Access requirements for truck vacuum trenchers . 9
4.3 Operator’s station . 10
4.4 Seat . 11
4.5 Operator’s controls and indicators . 11
4.6 Visibility. 13
4.7 Forward horns and safety signs . 13
4.8 Noise emission measurement . 13
4.9 Protective measures and devices . 13
4.10 Electrical and electronic systems . 17
4.11 Hydraulic fluid systems . 17
4.12 Fuel tanks, DEF/urea tanks, hydraulic tanks and pressure vessels . 18
4.13 Fire protection . 18
4.14 Maintenance . 18
4.15 Additional requirements for truck-vacuum trenchers . 19
4.16 Additional requirements for belt conveyors. 19
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 20
6 Information for use . 22
6.1 General . 22
6.2 Machine safety labels . 22
6.3 Operator’s manual . 23
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards . 25
Annex B (informative) Illustrations . 29
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending
Directive 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered. 36
Bibliography . 41
European foreword
This document (EN 474-10:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction
equipment and building material machines - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 474-10:2006+A1:2009.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
For bibliographic references, see EN 474-1:2022.
EN 474 “Earth-moving machinery — Safety” comprises the following parts:
— Part 1: General requirements
— Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers
— Part 3: Requirements for loaders
— Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders
— Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
— Part 6: Requirements for dumpers
— Part 7: Requirements for scrapers
— Part 8: Requirements for graders
— Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers
— Part 10: Requirements for trenchers
— Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors
— Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
— Part 13: Requirements for rollers
This document is intended for use in combination with part 1 of the series.
The main changes between this document and EN 474-10:2006+A1:2009 are as follows:
a) definitions and illustrations corresponding to categories of trenchers now covered in EN 474-10
(added);
b) safety-related functions of control systems (excluded);
c) safety requirements (e.g. maintenance mode and protective measures) for categories of products
already covered in the superseded version and new categories of products (e.g. truck vacuum
trenchers, trencher backhoe equipment) (added);
d) normative references (updated);
e) verification methods table (added) (Clause 5);
f) Annex A (updated);
g) Annex ZA (updated).
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
1 Scope
This document together with EN 474-1:2022 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and
events relevant to trenchers as defined in Clause 3 when used as intended and under the conditions of
misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A) associated with the whole
lifetime of the machine as described in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in
EN 474-1:2022. This document does not repeat the requirements of EN 474-1:2022 but supplements or
modifies the requirements for trenchers.
This document deals with:
— trenchers (3.1);
— trenching equipment (3.2);
NOTE In this document "trenchers" entails both "trencher" and "trenching equipment".
— truck vacuum trenchers (3.1.2);
— trenchers equipped with trencher backhoe equipment (3.3).
This document provides specific health and safety requirements of the trenching equipment itself and of
the interface (e.g. mechanical, electric, hydraulic, controls) between the carrier-vehicle and its equipment
as well as the interaction and effects on each other when used together (e.g. visibility).
This document does not apply to carrier-vehicles which are subject to other relevant regulations.
This document does not deal with continuous surface miners as defined in ISO 19224:2017, truck-
trenchers that do not incorporate a vacuum extraction system or self-propelled ride-on and pedestrian
controlled floor cutting-off machinery (e.g. ground saw) which are under the scope of EN 13862:2021.
This document does not provide requirements for main electrical circuits and drives of machinery when
the primary source of energy is an external electrical supply.
This document does not provide performance requirements for safety related functions of control
system(s).
The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document:
— Transmission of power between self-propelled machinery (or tractor) and recipient machinery;
— Laser;
— Lightning.
This document is not applicable to trenchers which are manufactured before the date of publication of
this document by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 474-1:2022, Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements
EN 620:2021, Continuous handling equipment and systems — Safety requirements for fixed belt conveyors
for bulk materials
EN 795:2012, Personal fall protection equipment — Anchor devices
EN 856:2015+AC:2019, Rubber hoses and hose assemblies — Rubber-covered spiral wire reinforced
hydraulic type — Specification
EN ISO 6682:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Zones of comfort and reach for controls (ISO 6682:1986,
including Amd 1:1989)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
ISO 6393:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Determination of sound power level — Stationary test
conditions
ISO 6394:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Determination of emission sound pressure level at operator’s
position — Stationary test conditions
ISO 6394:2008/Cor 1:2009, Earth-moving machinery — Determination of emission sound pressure level
at operator’s position — Stationary test conditions — Technical Corrigendum 1
ISO 6405-1:2017, Earth-moving machinery — Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 1:
Common symbols
ISO 11112:1995, Earth-moving machinery — Operator’s seat — Dimensions and requirements
ISO 11112:1995/AMD 1:2001, Earth-moving machinery — Operator’s seat — Dimensions and
requirements
ISO 16001:2017, Earth-moving machinery — Object detection systems and visibility aids — Performance
requirements and tests
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 474-1:2022 and
EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
trencher
self-propelled crawler or wheeled machine, having rear- and/or front-mounted equipment (trenching
equipment (3.4)), primarily designed to produce a trench in a continuous operation, through motion of
the machine
[SOURCE: EN ISO 6165:2012, 4.5]
Note 1 to entry: See examples in Annex B.
Note 2 to entry: Terminology for trenchers is specified in ISO 13539:1998.
3.1.1
trencher with mechanized laying unit
trencher designed and manufactured in order to produce in a single operation a trench and a mechanized
laying for simultaneous deployment of networks (e.g. pipes for gas, electricity, water or cables for
telecommunication) in urban or rural environment
Note 1 to entry: This machine can be fitted with a cable holder equipment, a cable guide equipment and a towing
device of slip formwork (see examples in Annex B).
3.1.2
truck-vacuum trencher
trencher consisting of a combination of trenching equipment and a vacuum system integrated to a truck
in order to produce micro-trenches and simultaneously to remove and store debris
Note 1 to entry See example in Figure B.13.
3.1.3
compact chain trencher
trencher equipped with a digging chain having a base machine mass less than 4 500 kg
3.2
trenching equipment
assembly of components for making a trench (3.4) either permanently integrated into a carrier, or
interchangeable equipment mounted on a separate carrier (e.g. self-propelled carrier, truck or tractor)
Note 1 to entry: In definitions 3.1 to 3.3, the equipment can be a digging chain, disc/wheel, plough or similar tool.
3.3
trencher backhoe equipment
integral device which generally excavates towards the machine and below ground level and which
elevates, swings and dumps material by the action of a boom, arm and bucket
Note 1 to entry: See Figure B.5.
3.4
trench
narrow horizontal excavation for which, in general, the depth is greater than the width
3.5
reel carrier-equipment
integral structure transporting and dispensing a spool of cables or other material during the trenching
operation
Note 1 to entry: See Figures B.1 to B.3.
3.6
continuous material handling system
system integrated to the trencher and intended to evacuate materials coming from the trenching
application
Note 1 to entry: This system can be a belt conveyor, a combination of several belt conveyors (see Figure B.11), a
pneumatic transportation equipment (see Figure B.13), etc.
3.7
working depth
trenching depth range of the trencher, from minimum depth to maximum depth, as defined by the
manufacturer in the instruction’s handbook
3.8
protective bar
structure generally above and parallel to the digging chain to protect against contact with the digging
element
Note 1 to entry: A protective bar can be a restraint bar or trench cleaner bar as shown in ISO 13539:1998,
Figure 5.
Note 2 to entry: See Figures B.8 to B.10.
3.9
guard
physical barrier, designed as part of the machine to provide protection
Note 1 to entry: A guard may act either:
— alone, in which case it is only effective when “closed” (for a movable guard) or “securely held in place”
(for a fixed guard), or
— in conjunction with an interlocking device with or without guard locking, in which case protection is
ensured whatever the position of the guard.
Note 2 to entry: Depending on its construction, a guard may be described as, for example, casing, shield, cover,
screen, door, enclosing guard.
[SOURCE ISO 12100:2010, 3.27]
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
4.1 General
4.1.1 Context
Trenchers shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures of this
clause. In addition, the machines shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100:2010 for
relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
4.1.2 Specific relation to EN 474-1
Trenchers shall comply with the requirements of EN 474-1:2022, as far as not modified or replaced by
the requirements of this part.
There are general requirements specified in EN 474-1:2022 that are not applicable because the risk
assessment has shown that for trenchers the corresponding hazard does not exist. For trenchers, 4.3.2.3,
4.3.4, 4.6.2, 4.12, 4.21, 4.23, Annex B, Annex C and Annex D in EN 474-1:2022, are not applicable.
4.2 Access requirements for truck vacuum trenchers
For truck-vacuum trenchers, EN 474-1:2022, 4.2 does not apply and is replaced by the following:
For truck vacuum trenchers, means of access shall comply with relevant clauses of ISO 2867:2011.
In case of means of access constituted of two different accesses (e.g. step integrated to roof part and
ladder fitted to hopper part), the intermediate means of access (e.g. step) between the roof platform and
the ladder shall be designed in such a way that:
— step proportion (J) is maintained between the higher step of the ladder and the roof platform in
accordance with ISO 2867:2011, Table 4 (see also Figure 1);
— tread projection from riser (H) is no more than 25 mm regarding the higher step of the ladder in
accordance with ISO 2867:2011, Table 4 (see also Figure 1).
A handrail shall be fitted on the roof platform to ensure three point supports during egress and descent
and located so that it is not within the walkway.
Key
1 roof platform
2 step (intermediate means of access)
3 higher step of ladder
B riser height for the ladder between 230 mm and 400 mm
B riser height of maximum 250 mm
G stride distance of minimum 215 mm
H tread projection from riser
J step proportion
Figure 1 — Step proportion
The step proportion shall meet the following formula, applying the dimensions according to Figure 1:
J= G++B B < 800 mm
( )
By exception to ISO 2867:2011, 6.2.3, first sentence, the following requirements apply:
— the working area of the roof platform shall be fitted with anti-slip surface;
— guardrail(s) shall be provided along lateral open side(s) of the roof platform;
— retractable anchorage point(s) shall be fitted on the roof platform and located in such a way that it
(or they) allow an access on each opening/trap door for maintenance purpose and designed
according to EN 795:2012;
— anchorage points intended to be used for lifting the roof of the hopper in case of failure of hydraulic
lifting system shall be identified with a pictogram according to ISO 6405-1:2017, symbol 9.47, in
order to avoid any misuse with retractable anchorage point(s).
4.3 Operator’s station
EN 474-1:2022, 4.3 shall apply, except 4.3.2.3 and 4.3.4.
Trencher backhoe equipment shall be equipped with a separate operator’s station.
For the separate operator's station EN 474-1:2022, 4.3 does not apply, except 4.3.1.3, 4.3.1.4 and 4.3.1.5.
4.4 Seat
EN 474-1:2022, 4.4 shall apply with the following modifications:
EN 474-1:2022, 4.4.1.3 applies with the following exceptions:
— for slewable or lateral sliding seats, fore and aft adjustment is not required;
— the vertical adjustment in ISO 11112:1995 and ISO 11112:1995/AMD 1:2001 (Table 1, h1) applies.
For the separate operator’s station seat at the trencher backhoe equipment, EN 474-1:2022, 4.4 does not
apply, except 4.4.1.1, 4.4.1.2 and 4.4.1.4.
4.5 Operator’s controls and indicators
4.5.1 General
EN 474-1:2022, 4.5 shall apply with the additions/modifications stated in 4.5.2, 4.5.3, 4.5.4, 4.5.5 and
4.5.6 of this document.
For the separate operator’s station, dedicated controls to operate the backhoe attachment and associated
functions (e.g., front stabilizers) shall be fitted. An additional starting/stopping device shall also be fitted
if the main device is not within the zone of reach from the separate seat, according to EN ISO 6682:2008.
4.5.2 Operating modes
4.5.2.1 General
If a maintenance mode and/or a road travelling mode are provided in addition to the working mode, a
mode selector shall be fitted.
The selected mode shall be indicated (e.g., position of the mode selector, lighting indicator, visual
indication on a screen).
This mode selector shall be lockable. This may be in the form of a lockable switch, access code, switch in
a lockable compartment or other comparable means.
Any change of control mode:
— shall reinitialize the machine controls and
— shall stop all machine movement and
— shall not initiate any machine operation without reactuation of the controls.
4.5.2.2 Additional requirements for truck vacuum trenchers
Truck-vacuum trenchers shall be fitted with a road travelling mode.
The mode selector shall be fitted inside the cab of the carrier-vehicle in compliance with the requirements
of EN ISO 6682:2008.
When the road travelling mode is selected the trenching and, where applicable, the vacuum functions
shall be disengaged.
When the working mode is selected, the travelling functions shall be disengaged and a maximum ground
speed of 6 kph shall be allowed.
NOTE See also 4.5.5 “Additional requirements for truck vacuum trenchers intended to be used simultaneously
by two operators” and 4.14 for the maintenance mode.
4.5.3 Working process controls
A means to keep the operator at the controls or an operator presence system shall be provided, unless all
controls return automatically to their neutral position upon release.
When the presence of the operator is not detected, all machine movements shall be stopped:
— for continuous systems (e.g., a seat switch, capacitance sensing handle), the maximum time before all
machine movements are stopped is 10 seconds and is automatically reset when the presence of the
operator is detected;
— where a sustained action of the control device is not recommended (e.g., in certain applications, for
ergonomic reason), and if the speed of the machine across the ground does not exceed 1,5 Kph, the
maximum time before all machine movements are stopped is 70 seconds from the last activation of
any control and is automatically reset when the operator activates any control.
4.5.4 Control system of the body tilting of truck vacuum trenchers
Body tilting of truck vacuum trenchers shall be visible during actuation of its control. This shall be
achieved either by one single control panel for the tilting functions located on the main dash board at rear
of the equipment or a remote control.
A stop device shall be provided on the same control panel.
Control devices for body tilting shall be clearly visible and identifiable and shall be protected against
inadvertent action.
The body tilting shall be controlled by hold-to-run control.
Means shall be provided on the hydraulic circuit to avoid uncontrolled movement of the body when
tilting, e.g. balance valves.
4.5.5 Additional requirements for truck-vacuum trenchers intended to be used simultaneously
by two operators
For truck-vacuum trenchers intended to be used simultaneously by two operators, the following
additional requirements apply:
— stop controls shall be provided at both operator stations;
— the operational controls for trenching and travelling shall not be duplicated at both operator stations;
— a visibility aid according to ISO 16001:2017 shall allow the driver to have a view to the trencher
operator;
— where the trencher operation (trenching and/or travelling) may be controlled via a remote system
(wired or wireless) and these controls are duplicated at one fixed operator station on the machine,
it shall not be possible for both control systems to operate the trencher simultaneously.
4.5.6 Additional requirements for trenchers equipped with trencher backhoe equipment
Where the trencher can be repositioned from the separate operator’s station, the ground speed shall be
limited to 15 m per minute. In addition, it shall be possible to activate a parking brake from the backhoe
operator position.
When the operator is at the separate station for backhoe operations, it shall not be possible to operate
the trenching equipment or drive the machine from the main operator’s station;
When an operator is at the main operator’s station for the trenching/driving operation, it shall not be
possible to operate the backhoe controls.
4.6 Visibility
EN 474-1:2022, 4.8 shall apply with the following modifications:
The reference to ISO 5006:2017 does not apply to trenchers.
The control system, the main operator's station and means of access shall be designed in such a way that
the operator can operate controls while maintaining visibility of the trenching process. This requirement
may be fulfilled by visibility aids according to ISO 16001:2017, elevating or sliding cab, swiwel or lateral
sliding seat, sliding controls panel, wireless remote control or an operator's station with additional
platform(s).
For truck vacuum trenchers where an additional operator is required, additional requirements in 4.5.5
apply.
For trenchers equipped with trencher backhoe equipment the separate operator's station shall be fitted
with a seat with direct visibility of the backhoe operation.
4.7 Forward horns and safety signs
EN 474-1:2022, 4.9 shall apply with the exception that first indent does not apply to non-riding trenchers
and truck-vacuum trenchers.
4.8 Noise emission measurement
4.8.1 Sound power level
EN 474-1:2022, 4.13.2.1 shall apply with the modification:
The sound power level for trenchers shall be measured according to ISO 6393:2008.
4.8.2 Emission sound pressure level at operator’s station(s)
EN 474-1:2022, 4.13.2.2 shall apply with the modification:
The emission sound pressure level at each operator’s station for trenchers shall be measured according
to ISO 6394:2008 and ISO 6394:2008/Cor 1:2009.
4.9 Protective measures and devices
4.9.1 General requirements for trenchers
EN 474-1:2022, 4.14 shall apply with the modification that EN 474-1:2022, 4.14.2.2 is replaced by the
following requirement:
To impede free access to trenching equipment, a protective bar (4.9.2) and guards (4.9.3) shall be fitted.
NOTE The variation of depth, width, the position of the trenching mechanism relative to obstacles (e.g. posts,
wall, gaps), and the use and type of continuous material handling system, etc. are variab
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