EN ISO 16559:2014

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 14588:2010
Trdna biogoriva - Terminologija, definicije in opisi (ISO 16559:2014)
Solid biofuels - Terminology, definitions and descriptions (ISO 16559:2014)
Feste Biobrennstoffe - Terminologie, Definitionen und Beschreibungen (ISO 16559:2014)
Biocarburants solides - Terminologie, définitions et descriptions (ISO 16559:2014)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 16559:2014
ICS:
01.040.75 Naftna in sorodna tehnologija Petroleum and related
(Slovarji) technologies (Vocabularies)
27.190 Biološki viri in drugi Biological sources and
alternativni viri energije alternative sources of energy
75.160.10 Trda goriva Solid fuels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 16559
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2014
ICS 27.190; 01.040.75; 75.160.10
English Version
Solid biofuels - Terminology, definitions and descriptions (ISO
16559:2014)
Biocombustibles solides - Terminologie, définitions et Feste Biobrennstoffe - Terminologie, Definitionen und
descriptions (ISO 16559:2014) Beschreibungen (ISO 16559:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 June 2014.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 16559:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 16559:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238 "Solid biofuels"
in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” the secretariat of which is held by SIS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by January 2015.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 16559:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16559:2014 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16559
First edition
2014-07-15
Solid biofuels — Terminology,
definitions and descriptions
Biocombustibles solides — Terminologie, définitions et descriptions
Reference number
ISO 16559:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014
ISO 16559:2014(E)
© ISO 2014
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ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

ISO 16559:2014(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Principle . 1
4 Terms and definitions . 2
Bibliography .32
ISO 16559:2014(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 238, Solid biofuels.
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

ISO 16559:2014(E)
Introduction
This International Standard has been written in accordance with ISO 10241. This International Standard
[6]
is based on European standard EN 14588:2010 as well as on approved national standards and manuals.
Some of the terms included in this International Standard are only used in particular countries.
In this International Standard instead of the legal definition waste the technical terms residue, and by-
product are used to describe co-products from forestry and arboriculture, agriculture and horticulture,
and aquaculture as well as related industries. The terms and definitions are harmonized as far as
possible with the current language used in management as well as in regulatory activities.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16559:2014(E)
Solid biofuels — Terminology, definitions and descriptions
1 Scope
This international standard determines the terminology and definitions for solid biofuels. According to
the scope of the ISO/TC 238 this standard only includes raw and processed material originating from
— forestry and arboriculture,
— agriculture and horticulture,
— aquaculture
NOTE 1 Raw and processed material includes woody, herbaceous, fruit and aquatic biomass from the sectors
mentioned above.
NOTE 2 Chemically treated material does not include halogenated organic compounds or heavy metals at
levels higher than those in typical virgin material values or higher than typical values of the country of origin.
Materials originating from different recycling processes of end-of-life-products are not within the scope
but relevant terms are included for information. Areas covered by ISO/TC28/SC7 “Liquid biofuels” and
ISO/TC193 “Natural gas” are excluded.
Other standards with a different scope than this International Standard may have different definitions
than this standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Not applicable.
3 Principle
This International Standard only contains terms used to describe solid biofuels within the scope of
ISO/TC 238, see Figure 1.
Figure 1 — ISO/TC 238 within the biomass-biofuel-bioenergy field
ISO 16559:2014(E)
Solid biofuels are produced from different sources, which are defined within the scope of ISO/TC 238
“Solid Biofuels”. Terms and definitions are categorised in a logical structure based on the fact that solid
biofuels are produced from different sources and that solid biofuels are used to produce bioenergy:
— origin and source of solid biofuels in the overall supply chain,
— the different traded forms as well as the different forms of biofuels produced within the preparation
processes,
— the most relevant solid biofuel properties and terms of sampling and testing as well as classification
and specification
— the description of the solid biofuels itself as well as their handling and processing given in the same
structure as the biomass sources
— bioenergy as the result of solid biofuel conversion
Appropriate terms for sampling and testing as well as classification and specification of properties have
to be defined and described together with the category source/origin, type and properties of solid biofuels.
The necessarity of terms defined in this International Technical Standard is in many cases based on the
classification system of solid biofuels given in ISO 17225-1, in which the classification of solid biofuels is
specified in more detail.
4 Terms and definitions
4.1
absorption
phenomenon whereby atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid permeates or is
dissolved by a liquid or solid (the absorbent)
Note 1 to entry: Adsorption is a surface-based process while absorption involves the whole volume of the material.
[SOURCE: ISO 18757:2003]
4.2
adsorption
phenomenon whereby atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid adheres to a surface
whereby the process creates a film of the adsorbate on the surface of the adsorbent
[SOURCE: ISO 18757:2003]
4.3
additive
material which has been intentionally introduced into the fuel feedstock to improve quality of fuel (e.g.
combustion properties), to reduce emissions or to make production more efficient
Note 1 to entry: Trace amounts of e.g. grease or other lubricants that are introduced into the fuel processing
stream as part of normal mill operations are not considered as additives.
[SOURCE: ISO 17225-2:2014]
4.4
agrofuels
biofuels obtained from energy crops and/or agricultural by-products (agricultural residues)
[SOURCE: FAO unified bioenergy terminology (UBET)]
4.5
air dried
condition in which the solid biofuel has dried in air to equilibrium moisture content
[SOURCE: ISO 1213-2:1992]
2 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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