87.060.30 - Solvents
ICS 87.060.30 Details
Solvents
Losemittel
Solvants
Topila
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 87.060.30 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Solvents". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 303 standards classified under ICS 87.060.30 (Solvents). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Earlier methods for characterizing turpentine and related terpene products were based on physical properties, such as those in Specification D13 and Test Methods D801 and D802, and packed column gas chromatography for the major constituents (for example, α-pinene, β-pinene) as in Test Method D3009. As terpene products became widely used as chemical raw material, the separation and quantitation of compounds present at lower concentrations in the product became more important. The capillary gas chromatographic technique described in these test methods is a rapid and convenient means to perform these analyses.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods describe the determination of the amounts of α-pinene, β-pinene, dipentene, terpene alcohols, and other terpene compounds in turpentine and related terpene products using capillary gas chromatography. The two methods for determining the amount of the individual terpene compounds are the “internal standard” method, which yields absolute values, and the “area percent” method, which yields relative values.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of the standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Overall this test method gives excellent repeatability but only moderate reproducibility. This greater than normal differential is a consequence of the variety of gas chromatography (GC) columns and other variables used by participants. These variables, coupled with the complex composition of the test products, enabled some workers to separate peaks that others reported as one peak; thus, this test method gives excellent precision within a given laboratory on a given GC. When laboratory to laboratory comparison have to be made, however, it is essential that the GC operating conditions be defined closely.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Solvents that have been depleted in stabilizer content can become acidic. Acids can cause corrosion to process and storage equipment used for halogenated solvents.
4.2 Halogenated organic solvents may contain amine type (alkaline, aqueous extractable) acid accepting additives, neutral type (typically epoxide) acid accepting additives or both. This test method can determine the combined acid acceptance from both types of stabilizers. In addition, if the amine acid acceptance is determined by a separate procedure (see Test Methods D2106), the amount of neutral acid accepting stabilizers in a solvent can be calculated from the difference between combined and amine acid acceptance values.
4.3 This test method may be used by producers and users to verify that a product is complying with acid acceptance product specifications or by users to monitor the acid accepting ability of a solvent in use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total acid acceptance including amine and neutral type (alpha epoxide) stabilizers in halogenated organic solvents.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies a method for determining the boiling range of liquids that boil between 30 °C and 300 °C at normal pressure, and that are chemically stable and do not corrode the apparatus during the distillation. The method is applicable to organic liquids such as hydrocarbons, esters, alcohols, ketones, ethers and similar products. NOTE 1 The method differs from that described in ISO 918 with respect to the volume of the distillation flask, the type of cooler and the distillation receiver. NOTE 2 The method differs from that specified in ISO 3405 with respect to the volume of the distillation flask and the diameter of the hole in the flask support.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is useful for determining low levels of acidity, below 0.05 %, in organic compounds and hydrocarbon mixtures. The total acidity is calculated as acetic acid or milligrams of sodium hydroxide per gram of sample.
4.2 Acidity may be present as a result of contamination, decomposition during storage or distribution, or manufacture. This test method may be used in assessing compliance with a specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total acidity as acetic acid, in concentrations below 0.05 %, in organic compounds and hydrocarbon mixtures used in paint, varnish, and lacquer solvents and diluents. It is known to be applicable to such mixtures as low molecular weight saturated and unsaturated alcohols, ketones, ethers, esters, hydrocarbon diluents, naphtha, and other light distillate petroleum fractions.
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed value or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance consult supplier’s Safety Data Sheet.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Since the desired specifications and compositions of soluble nitrocellulose base solutions vary greatly, these methods are used to establish whether limits that shall be as agreed upon between the producer and the user have been met.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the testing of soluble nitrocellulose base solutions that are made by dispersing various kinds and concentrations of soluble nitrocellulose (cellulose nitrate) in various solvent mixtures.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 11.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The aniline point (or mixed aniline point) is useful as an aid in the characterization of pure hydrocarbons and in the analysis of hydrocarbon mixtures. Aromatic hydrocarbons exhibit the lowest, and paraffins the highest values. Cycloparaffins and olefins exhibit values that lie between those for paraffins and aromatics. In homologous series the aniline points increase with increasing molecular weight. Although it occasionally is used in combination with other physical properties in correlative methods for hydrocarbon analysis, the aniline point is most often used to provide an estimate of the aromatic hydrocarbon content of mixtures.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the aniline point of petroleum products and hydrocarbon solvents. Test Method A is suitable for transparent samples with an initial boiling point above room temperature and where the aniline point is below the bubble point and above the solidification point of the aniline-sample mixture. Test Method B, a thin-film method, is suitable for samples too dark for testing by Test Method A. Test Methods C and D are for samples that may vaporize appreciably at the aniline point. Test Method D is particularly suitable where only small quantities of sample are available. Test Method E describes a procedure using an automatic apparatus suitable for the range covered by Test Methods A and B.
1.2 These test methods also cover the determination of the mixed aniline point of petroleum products and hydrocarbon solvents having aniline points below the temperature at which aniline will crystallize from the aniline-sample mixture.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Section 7.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The comparative odor characteristics can be used, combined with other tests, for product identification and assessing compliance with a specification.
3.2 The residual odor characteristics can be used to judge the presence of relatively nonvolatile materials that may be associated with manufacture or contamination during distribution. Since volatile solvents and diluents are used in a wide variety of chemical processes and residual materials may affect the efficiency of such processes, this test method provides a comparative test for manufacturing control and assessing compliance with a specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a comparative procedure for observing the characteristic and residual odors of volatile organic solvents and diluents to determine their odor acceptability in a solvent system.
1.2 It is not intended that this test method be employed to determine subtle odor differences between materials or to determine odor intensity.
1.3 It is recommended that this test method not be employed to determine the residual odor of a liquid if its time for evaporation to dryness at room temperature exceeds 30 min or as agreed upon.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 4.
1.6 For specific hazard information, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 VAM is an organic vinyl ester compound. This colorless liquid is the precursor to polyvinyl acetate, an important industrial polymer. VAM may be subject to rapid spontaneous polymerization if the inhibitor is not present or becomes depleted during prolonged storage.
4.2 VAM is typically shipped with a HQ inhibitor as free radical scavenger. VAM should be evaluated to ensure that appropriate systems (for example, temperature and inhibitor quantity) are assured during storage, transportation, and getting prolonged shelf life.
4.3 Most VAM shipped from the manufacturer will contain an inhibitor, typically 3 to 5 ppm HQ for regional shipments and up to 25 ppm HQ for long-range shipments.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of hydroquinone (HQ) in colorless vinyl acetate monomer (VAM). This test method is applicable to the determination of HQ in the concentration range from 1 to 25 ppm.
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit in accordance with Practice E29.
1.3 For ensuring safety, hazard information and guidance, follow the manufacturer’s material safety data sheet.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Many pine chemical products contain water as a result of the processes used for their production. Typically refined products such as terpenes, pine oil, tall oil fatty acids, and distilled tall oil contain only traces of water, but crude tall oil might contain 0.5 % to 2.5 % of water. Although the Karl Fischer and coulometric methods are most applicable to low levels of moisture, these can be and are used at higher levels. The azeotropic distillation method is generally used at higher levels.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the quantitative determination of dissolved or occluded water present in any proportion in liquid pine chemicals, such as turpentine, pinene, dipentene, pine oil, tall oil, and tall oil fatty acids. Three methods of moisture testing are included. The Karl Fisher titration method is the preferred method for testing tall oil, Test Methods D803.
1.1.1 The Karl Fischer Titration method is based on the reaction between water and a complex reagent2 consisting of iodine, sulfur dioxide, pyridine, and methanol, whereby the iodine is converted to a colorless compound. The appearance of a persistent iodine color in the reaction mixture indicates the complete removal of free water by reaction with the reagent, and the endpoint may be measured colorimetrically. Automatic titrators find this endpoint by the restoration of a current strength when the resistance provided by the presence of water is eliminated. Amperometric automatic titrators find this endpoint by detecting the current flow that occurs once water is eliminated.
1.1.2 The coulometric titration method determines water content by electronic integration of a current sufficient to generate the precise amount of iodine from the required reagent to react with the water in the sample.
1.1.3 The azeotropic method utilizes the relatively low boiling point of water, as compared with other sample constituents, in a toluene or xylene matrix so that water is collected in a trap and measured.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The testing procedures described in these test methods have been in use for many years and emphasize the physical properties rather than the chemical composition of dipentene. These procedures were sufficient when dipentene was used primarily as a solvent. Currently, however, dipentene finds application as a chemical raw material and a knowledge of its chemical composition is therefore important. Test Methods D6387 describe a capillary gas chromatography method which is suitable for determining both the major and minor components found in dipentene.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and testing dipentene and related terpene solvents, consisting chiefly of monocyclic terpene hydrocarbons distilling above the range for turpentine.
1.2 The procedures given in these test methods appear in the following order:
Section
Sampling
4
Detection and Removal of Separated Water
5
Appearance
6
Color
7
Odor
8
Specific Gravity
9
Refractive Index
10
Composition
11
Flash Point
12
Moisture
13
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SCOPE
1.1 Although the pine chemical industry has been a continuing producer of chemical products for many centuries, the nature of the industry, its products, and its terminology have changed. In particular, the original practice of recovering pine chemical through the processing of the exudate from pine trees has been supplemented by their extraction by solvent products of the wood pulping industry. For many years the industry was known as the Naval Stores industry but that term has gradually been replaced by the more descriptive and meaningful term, Pine Chemicals Industry. Thus, this terminology contains some old terms now mostly of historic value, together with the terms of the modern pine chemical industry.2
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The test procedures described in this standard were developed when the chief use for turpentine was as a solvent. Currently however, the chief use for turpentine (and pinenes) is as raw materials for the production of resins and synthetic organic chemicals. Thus the chemical composition of turpentines and pinenes is extremely important and tests, in addition to the ones described in these test methods, are required in order to fully characterize turpentines and pinenes. The most widely used technique for determining the chemical composition of turpentines (and pinenes) is gas chromatography (see Test Methods D6387).
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and testing turpentine, as defined by the Code of Federal Regulations and Terminology D804. These test methods are also used for the sampling and testing of pinenes, the major components of most turpentines.
1.2 These test methods primarily measure the physical rather than the chemical properties of turpentines and pinenes. As turpentines and pinenes are currently used chiefly as chemical raw materials for the production of resins and synthetic organic chemicals, chemical composition is also very important. Consequently, testing the chemical composition of turpentines and pinenes by gas chromatography has displaced these test methods to a large extent. (See for example Test Methods D6387.)
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies a method for the gas-chromatographic determination of the qualitative and quantitative composition of solvents contained in a product. The method is applicable to coating materials containing solely organic solvents (generally called conventional coating materials) and binder solutions and non-aqueous dispersions containing solely organic solvents.
The method defined in this document is not applicable for determination of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) content.
NOTE For determination of VOC and SVOC, see ISO 11890-2.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In order to calculate the volatile organic content (VOC) of paints containing EPA exempt solvents, it is necessary to know the acetone, methyl acetate, or parachlorobenzotrifluoride content. This gas chromatographic test method provides a simple and direct way for measuring these solvents. Each analyte is measured with respect to a unique internal standard. For acetone, the internal standard used is acetone-d6, for methyl acetate it is methyl acetate-d3, and for PCBTF it is metachlorobenzotrifluoride (MCBTF). These unique analyte/internal standard pairs behave very nearly as single solvents with respect to evaporation rate and adsorption rate onto a coated silica fiber (SPME) but are separable on a gas chromatograph (GC) capillary column. The only critical analytical technique required for successfully performing this test method is the ability of an analyst to weigh a paint sample and internal standard, corresponding to the analyte of interest, into a septum capped vial. After weighing, solvent evaporation has no effect on the final value of the determination. Since whole paint is not injected into the gas chromatograph, the analytical system is never compromised.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is for the determination of acetone, methyl acetate, or parachlorobenzotrifluoride (PCBTF), or combination of any of the three, in paints and coatings, by solid phase microextraction (SPME) headspace sampling, and subsequent injection into a gas chromatograph. It has been evaluated for cellulose nitrate, acrylic, and urethane solvent-borne systems. The established working range of this test method is: acetone, 28 to 90 %; methyl acetate, 12 to 22 %; parachlorobenzotrifluoride, 10 to 17 %. There is no reason to believe that it will not work outside these ranges. A minor modification of this test method would make it suitable for the analysis of the same analytes in water-borne coatings (see Note 1).
Note 1: Water-borne paints are internally standardized and diluted with water followed by addition of solid sodium chloride.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies a method for the gas-chromatographic determination of the qualitative and quantitative composition of solvents contained in a product. The method is applicable to coating materials containing solely organic solvents (generally called conventional coating materials) and binder solutions and non-aqueous dispersions containing solely organic solvents.
The method defined in this document is not applicable for determination of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) content.
NOTE For determination of VOC and SVOC, see ISO 11890-2.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Benzene is classed as a toxic and carcinogenic material. A knowledge of the concentration of this compound may be an aid in evaluating the possible health hazards to persons handling and using hydrocarbon solvents, but this test method is not intended to evaluate such hazards.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination by gas chromatography of benzene at levels from 0.01 to 1 volume % in hydrocarbon solvents.
Note 1: For benzene levels lower than 0.01 volume %, use Test Method D6229.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods were developed to measure the types and amounts of aromatics in mineral spirits to determine compliance with air pollution regulations that restrict the aromatic content of solvents. They have been demonstrated to be workable and to produce accurate results. However, due to the sensitivity of the tests to operating variables, some laboratories having limited experience with gas chromatographic analyses of hydrocarbons may experience difficulty in performing the tests.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of ethylbenzene and total eight-carbon (C8) and heavier aromatics in the concentration range from 0.1 to 30 % in mineral spirits having a distillation range from 149 to 210 °C (300 to 410 °F) as determined by Test Method D86. The procedures permit the identification and calculation of concentrations of aromatic components to 0.1 volume %.
1.2 It is recognized by analytical chemists that a single column gas chromatography analysis of an unknown sample is risky. In such cases, multiple and different analytical techniques must be used for absolutely positive identification, for example, several different gas chromatography columns, gas chromatography/mass spectrometer, or gas chromatography/infrared, etc. In these test methods the material is known and is clearly defined.
1.3 Oxygenated compounds, if present, may interfere and cause erroneous results. Such oxygenated compounds are not normally present in mineral spirits.
1.4 Three test methods are covered as follows:
1.4.1 Test Method A, measurement of ethylbenzene content, C8 plus higher aromatics (except ethylbenzene), and total aromatics by means of a single packed column gas chromatographic analysis.
1.4.2 Test Method B, measurement of ethylbenzene content by means of a rapid packed column gas chromatographic analysis.
1.4.3 Test Method C, measurement of ethylbenzene content, C8 plus higher aromatics (except ethylbenzene) and total aromatics by means of a capillary column gas chromatographic analysis.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.7 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers four types of moderately volatile hydrocarbon solvents that are mainly aliphatic in composition and normally petroleum distillates, and are commonly referred to as VM&P naphthas used primarily by the coatings industry. Materials shall be available in the following types: Type I, regular; Type II, high flash; Type III, odorless; and Type IV, low aromatics. Specimens shall undergo tests that shall examine their conformance with specified values of the following physical and chemical properties: appearance; bromine number; color (Pt-Co units); aromatics; copper corrosion; distillation (initial boiling point, 50 % recovered, and dry point); flash point; Kauri-butanol value; odor; and apparent specific gravity.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers four types of moderately volatile hydrocarbon solvents, mainly aliphatic in composition and normally petroleum distillates. These solvents are used primarily by the coatings industry and are commonly referred to as VM&P naphthas.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded-off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is useful in determining the assay of solvents and thinners which are esters or solutions of esters of carboxylic acid. The ester value is calculated as percent ester. This test method has its greatest application where the solvent or thinner is not a pure ester. This test method may be used in assessing compliance to specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the ester value of solvents and thinners used in lacquers and other coatings.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see 8.6.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 A brief discussion of each test method is given with the intent of helping the user in the selection of the most applicable procedure where more than one is available.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures for the sampling and testing of volatile solvents used in the manufacture of paint, lacquer, varnish, and related products. The test methods are listed in Table 1.
1.2 For specific hazard information and guidance, see Suppliers' Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this guide.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Volatile solvents are used in a variety of chemical processes which may be affected by water. Therefore, this test method provides a test procedure for assessing compliance with a specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of water in volatile solvents and chemical intermediates used in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.
1.2 This test method is not applicable in the presence of mercaptans, peroxides, or appreciable quantities of aldehydes or amines.
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Material Safety Data sheet.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is useful for identifying and for determining the quantity of various impurities in acetate esters.
4.2 Total purity of the acetate esters must be determined by use of other appropriate ASTM procedures with this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination by gas chromatography of the ester content and the corresponding alcohol content of acetate esters. This test method has been applied to ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, and 2-ethoxyethyl acetates.
1.2 Water, and in some cases acetic acid, cannot be determined by this test method and must be measured by other appropriate ASTM procedures and the results used to normalize the chromatographic value.
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Material Safety Data Sheet for material listed in this specification.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the properties and requirements for ethylene glycol for use in the preparation of surface coatings. The material shall be appropriately sampled and tested, and shall conform to the following specified requirements: apparent specific gravity; color (Pt-Co units); distillation range (initial boiling point and dry point); water content; acidity as acetic acid; diethylene glycol content; and iron content.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers ethylene glycol for use in the preparation of surface coatings.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, consult the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the properties and requirements for various grades of n-butyl acetate suitable for use as solvents in paint and related coatings. Specimens shall be sampled and tested as appropriate, and shall adhere accordingly to specified values for purity, alcohol content, color (Pt-Co units), distillation range, nonvolatile matter content, odor, water content, acidity, and apparent specific gravity.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the various grades of n-butyl acetate suitable for use as solvents in paint and related coatings.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for material listed in this specification.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Quality standards for artists' paints require the evaluation of various appearance characteristics of paint films. Tinting strength determination (Test Method D4838) specifically requires the preparation of drawdowns for colorimetric measurement. Other evaluations such as color designation, transparency, gloss, and color difference measurements also require drawdown samples.
5.2 Artists’ tube paints have a paste consistency that makes the use of traditional film application methods difficult, especially for drying oil paints.
5.3 Artists' paints vary in two properties important to the preparation of films, that is, transparency and drying time. Colorimetric determination and some other types of evaluation require paint specimens that completely hide the substrate. Very transparent paints require such a thick film to produce complete hiding that drying times is excessively long or the specimen surface is blemished. When complete hiding is necessary, this practice is designed to provide opaque films without these defects through application of a series of thin films.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the production of uniform films of artists’ tube paints and other nonflowing pigmented paints using paint applicators designed for less viscous paints.
1.2 Information on how to achieve opaque specimens from these paints is included.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The kauri-butanol value is used as a measure of solvent power of hydrocarbon solvents. High kauri-butanol values indicate relatively strong solvency.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative solvent power of hydrocarbon solvents used in paint and lacquer formulations. This test method is suitable for use with solvents having an initial boiling point over 40 °C and a dry point under 300 °C when determined in accordance with the procedures in Note 1.
Note 1: Test Method D86 is used to determine the initial boiling point and dry point for mineral spirits and similar petroleum solvents. Test Method D1078 is used for pure compounds and narrow boiling range cuts.
1.2 For purposes of determining conformance of an observed or a calculated value using this test method to relevant specifications, test result(s) shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 For specific hazard information and guidance, consult the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the properties and requirements for 98 % grade methyl isoamyl ketone for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products. The material shall be sampled and tested appropriately, and shall conform to properties as to apparent specific gravity, color (Pt-Co scale), distillation (initial boiling and dry points), water content, acidity as acetic acid, and purity.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers methyl isoamyl ketone (98 % grade) for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers methyl amyl acetate2 (95 % grade) for use in paint, varnish, and related products. The apparent specific gravity, color property, distillation range, non-volatile matter, odor property, water property, acidity, and ester value shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers methyl amyl acetate2 (95 % grade) for use in paint, varnish, and related products.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.
1.4 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method describes the analytical measurement of residual matter in solvents that are intended to be 100 % volatile at 105 °C ± 5 °C. Volatile solvents are used in the manufacture of paint, varnish, lacquer, and other related products, and the presence of any residue may affect the product quality or efficiency of the process. This test method is useful in manufacturing control and assessing compliance with specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the nonvolatile matter in volatile solvents for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this test method.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 5.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Flash point and fire point of a liquid are physical properties that may be used to define their flammability hazards. The flash point may be used to classify materials in government regulations.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination by Tag Open-Cup Apparatus of the flash point and fire point of liquids having flash points between −18 and 165°C (0 and 325°F) and fire points up to 325°F.
1.2 This test method, when applied to paints and resin solutions that tend to skin over or that are very viscous, gives less reproducible results than when applied to solvents.
Note 1: In order to conserve time and sample, the fire point of a material may be determined by the Tag Open-Cup Method by continuing the heating of the specimen to its fire point. Fire points may also be determined by Test Method D92, which should be used for fire points beyond the scope of this test method.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.
1.5 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for details and EPA’s website, http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm, for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the properties and requirements for demineralized water used as solvent for paints and varnishes industrial applications, e.g. production of electro-deposition coating materials, water-based coating materials, water-based resins and plastics dispersions.
This document is not applicable to water for analytical use.
NOTE See ISO 3696.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Rosin is an important product of the centuries old Naval Stores industry, now known as the Pine Chemical industry, and is produced and consumed in many countries throughout the world. Consequently, reliable methods of sampling and grading rosin are necessary. The test methods based on the use of the USDA Official Standards described herein, were developed many years ago for the sampling and grading of rosin and are similar to those included in the Naval Stores Act.3
3.2 Although these test methods based on the use of the USDA Official Standards are still applicable, many additional test methods are now used to grade rosin. In particular, the color of rosin is now more commonly reported using the Gardner color scale rather than the USDA Official Standards. In addition, Test Methods E28, D465, and D5974 are widely used to assess the quality of rosin in addition to the color grading methods described in this standard. The Naval Stores Act of 1923 established the methods for grading rosin and authorized the “Official Naval Stores Standard of the United States”. Based upon a request from the chairman of the ASTM D01.34 Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon Resins subcommittee requesting that the Gardner color scale be used for grading the color of rosin, a letter from the Food and Drug Administration was received and is archived in Pine Chemicals Association4 files. It documents a no-objection response to the request to use the Gardner color scale as a standard for grading rosin and rosin derivatives. The no-objection response was conditioned on having a reliable correlation between the USRG Scale (the “Official Naval Stores Standard of the United States”) and the Gardner Color Scale. A correlation study of color measurements on the Gardner Color Scale and the USRG Scale was carried out by scientists at Tintometer, Inc, Amesbury, England. The results of the correlation were submitted to the Food and Drug Administration as supporting evidence for the use of the Gardner Co...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and determining the grade of rosin delivered in commercial bags, barrels, drums or in molten form. Although developed for rosin, these methods can also be used for the grading of modified rosins and rosin based resins.
Note 1: All rosin sold in interstate commerce must be described by reference to the U. S. Standards for rosin, and is therefore subject to grading prior to such sale. The grading procedure described in these test methods is used for checking grades or regrading after the rosin has moved from the primary markets to distributing or consuming points.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers benzene-545. Tests shall be performed to determine the property requirements of benzene-545 in accordance to the following test methods: benzene weight percentage; sulfur mass; thiophene mass; toluene mass; nonaromatic hydrocarbons weight percentage; nitrogen mass; acid wash color; bromine index, water, appearance, and solidification point.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers benzene-545.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit in accordance with the rounding-off method in Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended for use by employers in developing their own specific operation standards for solvent vapor degreasing operations.
4.2 Certain vapor degreasing operations are subject to the requirements of the National Emission Standards for Halogenated Solvent Cleaning (Halogenated Solvent Cleaner NESHAP) as found in 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart T. The determination of the applicability of these, or any additional requirements is the responsibility of the user.
4.3 This practice is not intended to address all of the requirements contained in the Halogenated Solvent Cleaner NESHAP. Development and implementation of training programs, recordkeeping, and other additional requirements of the NESHAP are the responsibility of the user.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice recommends work practices for conventional vapor degreasing operations utilizing any solvent or solvent blend that has been categorized as nonflammable.
1.2 This practice is not intended for use in vapor degreasing operations utilizing flammable (low flash point) solvents or in vapor degreasing operations utilizing enclosed (sealed, airtight) equipment. For these non-applicable operations, users should consult the solvent or equipment supplier for additional information.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method provides a procedure for determining qualitatively the composition of solvent in paints containing only hydrocarbon solvents.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the nature of solvent in solvent-reducible house paints containing only hydrocarbon solvents.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These tests are to be used as a guide in selecting or eliminating certain solvents or grades of solvents used for cleaning or degreasing metal parts.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the corrosiveness to metals by halogenated organic solvents and their admixtures for cold cleaning applications.
Note 1: The test method described herein is an adaptation of Test Method D130.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 Color may be indicative of the quality of the solvent because any color present is due to the presence of contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the visual measurement of the color of halogenated organic solvents and their admixtures. It is valid for values of 50 platinum-cobalt (Pt-Co) units or less.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard requirements for nitration grade toluene. The material shall be tested and sampled in accordance with standard test methods and practices and shall conform to the following requirements: volume of non-aromatic hydrocarbons; acid wash color; copper strip corrosion; appearance which shall be a clear liquid, free of sediment and haze; color in the platinum-cobalt scale; and distillation range.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers nitration grade toluene.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this specification: for purposes of determining conformance with this specification, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers a grade of benzene known as refined benzene-535. Different tests shall be performed in order to determine the following properties of refined benzene-535: minimum purity, maximum toluene content, maximum sulfur content, maximum thiophene content, maximum nonaromatic hydrocarbon content, maximum nitrogen content, water content, maximum acid wash color, appearance, maximum color, 1,4 dioxane content, and minimum solidification point with anhydrous basis.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a grade of benzene known as refined benzene-535.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of methyl ethyl ketone (or 2-butanone), namely: Type I (regular grade) and Type II (urethane grade), that are used primarily as solvents in lacquers and industrial coatings, but also in adhesives, printing inks, lube oil dewaxing, and as chemical intermediates. The physical and chemical properties of methyl ethyl ketone shall conform to the requirements specified for the following: (1) acidity, (2) weight percentage of alcohol, (3) color (Pt-Co scale), (4) distillation range defined by the initial boiling point and dry point, (5) nonvolatile matter content, (6) purity, (7) apparent specific gravity, and (8) weight percentage of water. The sampling and test methods for determining conformance to the specified physical and chemical properties are given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of methyl ethyl ketone that are used primarily as solvents in lacquers and industrial coatings, but also in adhesives, printing inks, lube oil dewaxing, and as chemical intermediates.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the properties and requirements for sec-butyl alcohol for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products. Specimens shall be sampled and tested as appropriate, and shall adhere to the following requirements: apparent specific gravity; color (Pt-Co scale); distillation range (initial boiling point and dry point); nonvolatile matter; water; and acidity as acetic acid.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers sec-butyl alcohol for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers diethylene glycol for use in the preparation of surface coatings. Diethylene glycol shall be tested for apparent specific gravity, color, distillation range, water content, acidity, ethylene glycol content, triethylene glycol content, and iron content, and shall conform to the requirements of the specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers diethylene glycol for use in the preparation of surface coatings.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, consult the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the properties and requirements of 99 % grade dibutyl phthalate. The material shall be sampled and tested suitably, and shall conform to properties as to apparent specific gravity, color (Pt-Co scale), odor, water content, acidity (free acid as phthalic acid), and ester value.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers dibutyl phthalate (99 % grade).
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers nitration grade xylene. The nonaromatic hydrocarbons, acid wash color, copper corrosion, appearance, distillation range, initial distillation temperature, and dry point of nitration grade xylene shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers nitration grade xylene.
1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be round off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the round-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 Consult OSHA regulations, supplier’s Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Mixtures of flammable liquids and nonflammable liquids, such as an alcohol and water mixture, are classified by the U. S. Government by the definition of flammable liquid based on a closed-cup flash point method. Thus, mixtures may be classed as flammable even though they do not sustain burning. This test method determines the ability of a liquid mixture to sustain burning and, when used with a closed-cup flash point method, indicates the flammability characteristics of the mixture.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 describes a procedure for determining the sustained burning characteristics of mixtures of flammable and nonflammable liquids and to mixtures containing liquids with widely different flash points.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard should be used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire-hazard or fire-risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of the test may be used as elements of a fire-hazard assessment or a fire-risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard or fire risk of a particular end use.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This European Standard sets the requirements for bio-based solvents in terms of their bio-based content, their technical properties and test methods. It lays down the characteristics and details for assessment of bio-based solvents that:
- are fit for purpose in terms of performance related properties;
- comply with the health, safety and environmental requirements which apply generally to solvents; and
- are derived from biomass.
This European Standard specifies solvent classes, based on the percentage of bio-based carbon content and bio-based content.
NOTE EN 16575 defines the term "bio-based" as derived from biomass and clarifies that "bio-based" does not imply "biodegradable". In addition, "biodegradable" does not necessarily imply the use of "bio-based" material.
In addition, this document sets requirements on information to be provided regarding sustainability aspects.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard sets the requirements for bio-based solvents in terms of their bio-based content, their technical properties and test methods. It lays down the characteristics and details for assessment of bio-based solvents that:
- are fit for purpose in terms of performance related properties;
- comply with the health, safety and environmental requirements which apply generally to solvents; and
- are derived from biomass.
This European Standard specifies solvent classes, based on the percentage of bio-based carbon content and bio-based content.
NOTE EN 16575 defines the term "bio-based" as derived from biomass and clarifies that "bio-based" does not imply "biodegradable". In addition, "biodegradable" does not necessarily imply the use of "bio-based" material.
In addition, this document sets requirements on information to be provided regarding sustainability aspects.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 105-D02:2016 specifies a method for determining the resistance of the colour of textiles of all kinds and in all forms, except loose fibre, to the combined action of rubbing and of organic solvents used in spot-cleaning, localized "spotting" carried out by hand.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 7579:2009 specifies two methods for determining the solubility of dyestuffs in organic solvents. They are applicable to dyestuffs that do not change chemically under the influence of the solvent and are stable and non-volatile under the specified drying conditions. For volatile solvents (boiling point < 120 °C), the gravimetric procedure is recommended and, for less volatile solvents (boiling point > 120 °C), the photometric procedure is recommended. The choice of procedure should be made on a case-by-case basis.
The methods are suitable for concentrations between 1 g and 1 000 g of dyestuff per litre of solvent. Higher concentrations can be used provided the viscosity of the solution is such that the procedure can be carried out readily.
The methods are not suitable for the determination of insoluble matter in a dyestuff.
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The test is carried out by the following procedure: drying of the sample in the oven at (105 2) °C, passing the dried sample through the sieve and transferring it of the graduated measuring cylinder, but so that no air pockets are formed. Weighing of the cylinder and of the sample. Placing of the cylinder in the tamping volumeter and tamping it in steps of approximately 1250 revolutions until the difference between two successive steps of tamping is less than 2 ml. Calculation of results. - Cancels and replaces ISO Recommendation ISO/R 787/11-1970.
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