85.060 - Paper and board
ICS 85.060 Details
Paper and board
Papiere. Pappen
Papiers et cartons
Papir, karton in lepenka
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 85.060 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Paper and board". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 763 standards classified under ICS 85.060 (Paper and board). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document specifies a method to measure the energy required to rapidly delaminate a test piece of paper or board. Rupture of the test piece in the “Z” or thickness direction is initiated by a pendulum having a defined mass, moving at a defined velocity. The procedure is suitable for both single- and multi-ply papers and boards, including coated sheets and those that are laminated with synthetic polymer films. It is particularly suitable for papers and boards that can be subjected to z-direction rapid impacts, impulses or shock loads during printing or conversion. The test procedure entails the adherence of double-sided adhesive tape to both sides of the test piece under pressure. For this reason, the method is unsuitable for materials that can be structurally damaged by compression or are porous enough to permit migration of the tape adhesive into or through the test piece.
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This document specifies the conditioning atmospheres to be used for conditioning and testing cores based on ISO 187.
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This document specifies a method for the determination of the flat crush resistance of corrugated fibreboard used in the manufacture of shipping containers.
This document is applicable to single-faced and single-wall (double-faced) corrugated fibreboard.
This document is not applicable to double-wall (double-double-faced) corrugated fibreboard and to microflute corrugated fibreboard, since the end-point of the test is not clearly defined or observable.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the requirements for permanent paper intended for documents. It is applicable to unprinted papers. It is not applicable to boards.
NOTE 1 The terms paper and board are defined in ISO 4046-3.
This document is not intended for judging the permanence of papers stored under hostile conditions, such as high humidity that can promote microbiological attack, excessive heat, radiation (light or other), high levels of atmospheric pollutants, or the influence of water.
NOTE 2 For information on International Standards on paper permanence (ISO 9706), on archival paper permanence and durability (ISO 11108), and on paper stability for general graphic applications (ISO 20494), refer to Annex D.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the requirements for permanent paper intended for documents. It is applicable to unprinted papers. It is not applicable to boards.
NOTE 1 The terms paper and board are defined in ISO 4046-3.
This document is not intended for judging the permanence of papers stored under hostile conditions, such as high humidity that can promote microbiological attack, excessive heat, radiation (light or other), high levels of atmospheric pollutants, or the influence of water.
NOTE 2 For information on International Standards on paper permanence (ISO 9706), on archival paper permanence and durability (ISO 11108), and on paper stability for general graphic applications (ISO 20494), refer to Annex D.
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This document specifies the requirements for archival paper. It is applicable to unprinted papers intended for documents and publications required for permanent retention and frequent use. For these documents and publications, paper of high permanence and high durability is required. NOTE 1 Archival paper is primarily required for documents and publications intended to be kept permanently because of their high historical, legal or other significant value. Archival paper is for special purposes, not for common use. The use of the term “archival paper” does not imply that all papers kept in archives are “archival papers”. NOTE 2 For relationships between International Standards on paper permanence (ISO 9706), on archival paper permanence and durability (ISO 11108), and on paper stability for general graphic applications (ISO 20494), refer to Annex B.
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- Draft12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the requirements for permanent paper intended for documents. It is applicable to unprinted papers. It is not applicable to boards. NOTE 1 The terms paper and board are defined in ISO 4046-3. This document is not intended for judging the permanence of papers stored under hostile conditions, such as high humidity that can promote microbiological attack, excessive heat, radiation (light or other), high levels of atmospheric pollutants, or the influence of water. NOTE 2 For information on International Standards on paper permanence (ISO 9706), on archival paper permanence and durability (ISO 11108), and on paper stability for general graphic applications (ISO 20494), refer to Annex D.
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This document specifies a method for determining the puncture resistance of board using a pendulum device. This document is applicable to all types of board, including corrugated fibreboard and solid board, especially those used in the manufacture of packaging cases.
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This document specifies a basic laboratory test method for deinkability of woodfree printed paper products as a mixture under alkaline conditions by means of single stage flotation deinking and fatty acid-based collector chemistry. The woodfree printed paper product of interest is tested as a mixture containing 10 % by weight of the woodfree printed paper with the balance comprising a mixture of printed wood-containing paper.
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This document specifies a method for the determination of the water absorption of paper and board after total immersion in water for a specified time. The method is applicable to all types of paper and board which have a degree of water resistance. It is not applicable to very absorbent papers such as tissue papers and tissue products.
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This document specifies a method for the determination of the wet strength of paper and board by measuring its bursting strength after it has been immersed in water for a specified period. The method is applicable to most kinds of paper and board, provided that an appropriate immersion time is agreed between the interested parties. Different results can be found if the sample is re-tested after a period of time.
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This document specifies a test method for determining the compressive strength of a sample fixed into an S-shape in the machine direction. This document is applicable to papers with a grammage of 80 g/m2 to 220 g/m2; different grammages can lead to unreliable results.
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This document describes the general procedure for measuring the diffuse radiance factor of all types of pulp, paper and board. More particularly, it specifies in detail the procedures to be used for calibrating the equipment, and in Annex A, the characteristics of the equipment to be used for such measurements. This document can be used to measure the diffuse radiance factors and related properties of materials containing fluorescent whitening agents, provided that the UV-content of the instrument illumination has been adjusted to give the same level of fluorescence as a fluorescent reference standard for a selected CIE illuminant, according to the International Standard describing the measurement of the property in question. Annex C describes the preparation of fluorescent reference standards.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is widely used within the paper industry, in conjunction with other tests of strength, as a predictor of end-use performance of a wide range of grades of papers.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the force perpendicular to the plane of the paper required to tear multiple sheets of paper through a specified distance after the tear has been started, using an Elmendorf-type tearing tester. The measured results can be used to calculate the approximate tearing resistance of a single sheet. In the case of tearing a single sheet of paper, the tearing resistance is measured directly.
Note 1: Similar procedures for making Elmendorf-type tear measurements are found in ISO 1974 and TAPPI T414.
1.2 This test method is not suitable for determining the cross-directional tearing resistance of highly directional boards and papers.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies a test method for the determination of aluminium in aqueous extracts.
It is applicable to paper and board with extractable aluminium content of at least 0,2 mg/l.
Aluminium extract levels below those given can be measured using this document if sensitive equipment is available and if all other laboratory conditions fulfil the requirements for trace element analysis.
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This document specifies a test method for the determination of aluminium in aqueous extracts.
It is applicable to paper and board with extractable aluminium content of at least 0,2 mg/l.
Aluminium extract levels below those given can be measured using this document if sensitive equipment is available and if all other laboratory conditions fulfil the requirements for trace element analysis.
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This document specifies a test method for the determination of the surface roughness of paper and board using a stylus contact method. It is applicable to all papers and boards except tissue paper.
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This document specifies a method for determining the water absorptiveness of paper and board, including corrugated fibreboard, under standard conditions.
This document is not applicable for paper of grammage less than 50 g/m2 or embossed paper. It is not applicable for porous papers such as newsprint or papers such as blotting paper or other papers having a relatively high-water absorptiveness for which ISO 8787 is more suitable.
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This document specifies a method for the determination of the pH-value defined by the electrolytes extractable by hot water from a sample of paper, board or pulp.
This document is applicable to all kinds of paper, board and pulp.
As the quantity of extractable ionic material approaches zero, as in the case of highly purified pulps, the precision of the method becomes poor because of the difficulties encountered in making pH measurements on water containing little electrolytic material.
Since the extraction in this document is performed with distilled or deionised water, the pH-value measured can sometimes be different (e.g. fully bleached pulp) from the pH-value measured under mill process conditions in which various types of process waters, such as chemically treated river water containing electrolytes, are used. In such cases, ISO 29681 can be used instead, as it is specifically applicable to bleached pulps from virgin fibres and to pulp samples having a low ionic strength for which the pH value gives more realistic results related to mill conditions than those obtained with this document. For cellulosic papers used for electrical purposes, the method used can be that given in IEC 60554-2[5].
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This document specifies a method for the determination of the conductivity of aqueous extracts of paper, board or pulp, these extracts having been prepared by a hot or cold method.
The method is applicable to all kinds of paper, board and pulps, except for papers used for electrical purposes. For high purity papers used for electrical purposes, see method given in EN 60554‑2.
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This document specifies the standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing pulp, paper and board, the conditioning procedure and the procedures for measuring the temperature and relative humidity.
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This document specifies a method for the determination of the pH-value defined by the electrolytes extractable by cold water from a sample of paper, board or pulp.
This document is applicable to all types of paper, board and pulp.
As the quantity of extractable ionic material approaches zero, as in the case of highly purified pulps, the precision of the method becomes poor because of the difficulties encountered in making pH measurements on water containing little electrolytic material.
Since the extraction in this document is performed with distilled or deionised water, the pH-value measured can sometimes be different (e.g. for fully bleached pulp) from the pH-value measured under mill process conditions, in which various types of process waters, such as chemically treated river water containing electrolytes, are used. In such cases, ISO 29681 can be used instead, as it is specifically applicable to bleached pulps from virgin fibres and to pulp samples having a low ionic strength for which the pH value gives more realistic results related to mill conditions than those obtained with this document.
For cellulosic papers used for electrical purposes, the method used can be that given in IEC 60554‑2[5].
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This document specifies a method for measuring the colour of paper and board by the diffuse reflectance method with the elimination of specular gloss.
This document is not applicable to coloured papers or boards which incorporate fluorescent dyes or pigments. It may be used to determine the colour of papers or boards which contain fluorescent whitening agents provided the UV content of the illumination on the test piece has been adjusted to conform to that in the CIE illuminant C, using a fluorescent reference standard that fulfils the requirements for international fluorescent reference standards of level 3 (IR3) as prescribed by ISO 2469 with an assigned ISO brightness value provided by an authorized laboratory, as described in ISO 2470‑1.
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This document specifies a method for determining the bacteria, yeast and mould population on the surface of paper and paperboard. The enumeration relates to specific media. This document is applicable to all kinds of paper and paperboard, to dry market pulp in sheet form and to packaging material.
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This document specifies a non-waxed edge method for the determination of the edgewise crush resistance of corrugated fibreboard. The force is applied in the direction of the flute axis.
This method is applicable to single-wall (double-faced), double-wall, and triple-wall corrugated fibreboard.
It is applicable to all corrugated fibreboard flute types if no buckling and/or tipping occurs during measurement. This method is also applicable to test samples taken from corrugated cases and other converted products.
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This document specifies a method for determining the water absorptiveness of paper and board, including corrugated fibreboard, under standard conditions.
This document is not applicable for paper of grammage less than 50 g/m2 or embossed paper. It is not applicable for porous papers such as newsprint or papers such as blotting paper or other papers having a relatively high-water absorptiveness for which ISO 8787 is more suitable.
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This document specifies a method for determining the water absorptiveness of paper and board, including corrugated fibreboard, under standard conditions. This document is not applicable for paper of grammage less than 50 g/m2 or embossed paper. It is not applicable for porous papers such as newsprint or papers such as blotting paper or other papers having a relatively high-water absorptiveness for which ISO 8787 is more suitable.
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This document specifies the general procedure for fibre furnish analysis of paper, board and pulps. It is applicable to all kinds of pulps and to most papers and boards, including those containing more than one kind of fibre, taking into account different pulping processes. This method is less suitable for heavily impregnated or highly coloured papers and boards, which cannot be dispersed or decoloured without affecting the structure or the staining reactions of the fibres.
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This document specifies the standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing pulp, paper and board, the conditioning procedure and the procedures for measuring the temperature and relative humidity.
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This document describes the determination of the residue (ash content) on ignition of paper, board, pulps and cellulose nanomaterials at 525 °C. It is applicable to all types of paper, board, pulp and cellulose nanomaterial samples.
This document provides measurement procedures to obtain a measurement precision of 0,01 % or better for residue (ash content) on ignition at 525 °C.
Determination of residue (ash content) on ignition at 900 °C of paper, board, pulps and cellulose nanomaterials is described in ISO 2144.
In the context of this document, the term "cellulose nanomaterial" refers specifically to cellulose nano-object (see 3.2 to 3.4). Owing to their nanoscale dimensions, these cellulose nano-objects can have intrinsic properties, behaviours or functionalities that are distinct from those associated with paper, board and pulps.
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This document specifies the standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing pulp, paper and board, the conditioning procedure and the procedures for measuring the temperature and relative humidity.
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This document specifies an oven-drying method for the determination of the dry matter content in paper, board, pulp and cellulosic nanomaterials in solid form, which all can be produced from virgin and /or recycled materials.
It is also applicable to the determination of the dry matter content of paper and board for recycling.
The procedure is applicable to paper, board, and pulp and cellulosic nanomaterials which do not contain any appreciable quantities of materials other than water that are volatile at the temperature of 105 °C ± 2 °C. It is used, for example, in the case of pulp, paper, and board and cellulosic nanomaterial samples taken for chemical and physical tests in the laboratory, when a concurrent determination of dry matter content is required.
This method is not applicable to the determination of the dry matter content of slush pulp or to the determination of the saleable mass of pulp lots.
NOTE 1 ISO 638-2[1] specifies an oven-drying method for the determination of the dry matter content of suspensions of cellulosic nanomaterials, ISO 287[2] specifies the determination of the moisture content of a lot of paper and board; ISO 4119[3] specifies the determination of stock concentration of pulps; the ISO 801 series[4] specifies the determination of the saleable mass in lots.
NOTE 2 This document determines the total dry matter content of the sample, including any dissolved solids. If only the cellulosic material content free of dissolved solids is desired, dissolved solids are removed prior to measuring the dry matter content, e.g. by washing or dialysis, taking care to retain all cellulosic material; in cases where the sample is filterable without loss of cellulosic solids, ISO 4119[3] can be used to determine the stock consistency (content of cellulosic material in solid form).
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This document specifies the standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing pulp, paper and board, the conditioning procedure and the procedures for measuring the temperature and relative humidity.
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This document provides guidance on the interpretation of Clause 2.2 “prohibited materials” of EN 643:2014 and provides definitions and examples to help the users to meet EN 643 requirements. It does not add to, subtract from, or in any way modify the requirements of the EN 643 standard. This document does not prescribe mandatory approaches to implementation.
This document does not modify Clause 5.2 of EN 643.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The dry indicator used in this test method is so strongly hygroscopic it will change color in a moderate- to high-humidity atmosphere without contacting liquid water. It will also change when in contact with liquid water.
5.2 This test method is of value for materials that come in contact with water on one face and where it is important to evaluate the length of time for water vapor to pass through the material.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time required for water vapor to pass through a sheet membrane in contact with liquid water using the dry-indicator method.
1.2 The method has been used to evaluate water resistive barriers, flexible flashing and other materials used in building construction in order to measure their resistance to water vapor transmission.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies an oven-drying method for the determination of the dry matter content in suspensions of cellulosic nanomaterials. The procedure is applicable to cellulosic nanomaterial suspensions which do not contain any appreciable quantities of materials other than water that are volatile at the temperature of 105 °C ± 2 °C. It is used, for example, in the case of cellulosic nanomaterial suspensions samples taken for chemical and physical tests in the laboratory, when a concurrent determination of dry matter content is required.
NOTE This document determines the total dry matter content of the sample, including any dissolved solids. If only the cellulosic material content free of dissolved solids is desired, dissolved solids are removed prior to measuring the dry matter content, e.g. by washing or dialysis, taking care to retain all cellulosic material.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides guidance on the interpretation of Clause 2.2 “prohibited materials” of EN 643:2014 and provides definitions and examples to help the users to meet EN 643 requirements. It does not add to, subtract from, or in any way modify the requirements of the EN 643 standard. This document does not prescribe mandatory approaches to implementation.
This document does not modify Clause 5.2 of EN 643.
- Technical specification8 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for measuring the colour of paper and board by the diffuse reflectance method with the elimination of specular gloss. This document is not applicable to coloured papers or boards which incorporate fluorescent dyes or pigments. It may be used to determine the colour of papers or boards which contain fluorescent whitening agents provided the UV content of the illumination on the test piece has been adjusted to conform to that in the CIE illuminant C, using a fluorescent reference standard that fulfils the requirements for international fluorescent reference standards of level 3 (IR3) as prescribed by ISO 2469 with an assigned ISO brightness value provided by an authorized laboratory, as described in ISO 2470‑1.
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This document specifies a method for measuring the colour of paper and board by the diffuse reflectance method with the elimination of specular gloss. It can be used to determine the colour of papers or boards that contain fluorescent whitening agents, provided the UV content of the illumination on the test piece has been previously adjusted to give the calibrated colorimetric value corresponding to CIE standard illuminant D65, using a fluorescent reference standard with an assigned CIE whiteness (D65/10°) value provided by an authorized laboratory, as described in ISO 11475. This document is not applicable to coloured papers or boards that incorporate fluorescent dyes or pigments.
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This document specifies a method for measuring the colour of paper and board by the diffuse reflectance method with the elimination of specular gloss. This document is primarily intended for measuring the colour of paper and board to be used in the graphic arts industry, where that industry specifies the measurement of colour under D50/2° conditions in accordance with ISO 13655. This method differs from ISO 13655, in that the UV content of the illumination is adjusted to a different level. The method can be used to determine the colour of papers or boards that contain fluorescent whitening agents, provided the UV content of the illumination on the test piece has been adjusted to conform to that in the CIE illuminant C, using a fluorescent reference standard that fulfils the requirements for international fluorescent reference standards of level 3 (IR3) as prescribed by ISO 2469 with an assigned ISO brightness value provided by an authorized laboratory, as described in ISO 2470‑1. This document is not applicable to coloured papers or boards that incorporate fluorescent dyes or pigments.
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This document specifies a test method for the evaluation of the paper coating strength in the inner fold. The test method is intended for single or multiple coated papers up to a thickness of 150 µm that can be folded without creasing.
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This document describes a procedure to gravimetrically determine the physical composition of paper and board for recycling by manually separating/sorting the individual components (including any unwanted materials) and determining the relative masses.
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This document specifies an oven-drying method for the determination of the dry matter content in suspensions of cellulosic nanomaterials. The procedure is applicable to cellulosic nanomaterial suspensions which do not contain any appreciable quantities of materials other than water that are volatile at the temperature of 105 °C ± 2 °C. It is used, for example, in the case of cellulosic nanomaterial suspensions samples taken for chemical and physical tests in the laboratory, when a concurrent determination of dry matter content is required.
NOTE This document determines the total dry matter content of the sample, including any dissolved solids. If only the cellulosic material content free of dissolved solids is desired, dissolved solids are removed prior to measuring the dry matter content, e.g. by washing or dialysis, taking care to retain all cellulosic material.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies an oven-drying method for the determination of the dry matter content in paper, board, pulp and cellulosic nanomaterials in solid form, which all can be produced from virgin and /or recycled materials.
It is also applicable to the determination of the dry matter content of paper and board for recycling.
The procedure is applicable to paper, board, and pulp and cellulosic nanomaterials which do not contain any appreciable quantities of materials other than water that are volatile at the temperature of 105 °C ± 2 °C. It is used, for example, in the case of pulp, paper, and board and cellulosic nanomaterial samples taken for chemical and physical tests in the laboratory, when a concurrent determination of dry matter content is required.
This method is not applicable to the determination of the dry matter content of slush pulp or to the determination of the saleable mass of pulp lots.
NOTE 1 ISO 638-2[1] specifies an oven-drying method for the determination of the dry matter content of suspensions of cellulosic nanomaterials, ISO 287[2] specifies the determination of the moisture content of a lot of paper and board; ISO 4119[3] specifies the determination of stock concentration of pulps; the ISO 801 series[4] specifies the determination of the saleable mass in lots.
NOTE 2 This document determines the total dry matter content of the sample, including any dissolved solids. If only the cellulosic material content free of dissolved solids is desired, dissolved solids are removed prior to measuring the dry matter content, e.g. by washing or dialysis, taking care to retain all cellulosic material; in cases where the sample is filterable without loss of cellulosic solids, ISO 4119[3] can be used to determine the stock consistency (content of cellulosic material in solid form).
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this test method is to determine the amount of organic nitrogen present within a sample of electrical insulation paper or paperboard. Nitrogen content is used to determine if the paper or paperboard has been chemically treated to withstand higher than normal operating temperatures. Such a paper or paperboard is referred to in the industry as “thermally upgraded.” A paper or paperboard that is thermally upgraded can withstand higher operating temperatures and allow the electrical equipment to have a longer useful life span.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of nitrogenous organic materials in paper and paperboard, which typically are used to reduce the thermal degradation of the cellulose in the paper and paperboard.
1.2 The nitrogen determination by this method does not include the nitrogen in nitro compounds, nitrates, nitrites, azo, hydrazine, cyanide, or pyridine ring-type compounds, none of which are normally found in paper and paperboard. There is no known modification of the method that is applicable to all nitrogenous compounds.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The tensile properties measured in this test method are fundamental properties associated with the manufacture, or end use, or both, of paper and paper products. It is possible for products to be influenced by, or indicative of: the type fibers used or the treatment of the fibers, or both, in a particular paper: or of specific manufacturing procedures used in producing a specific paper or paper product. Likewise, it is possible for paper converting operations to significantly impact properties measured using this test method, and this test method is a possible tool to measure and understand such effects.
4.2 Tensile strength is indicative of the serviceability of many papers, such as wrapping, bag, gummed tape, and cable wrapping, that are subjected to direct tensile stress. The tensile strength of printing papers is indicative of the potential resistance to web breaking during printing and other converting operations and during travel of the web from the roll through the equipment.
4.3 Stretch, and sometimes tensile stiffness are indicative of the ability of the paper to conform to a desired contour. These are important properties of creped papers, towels, napkins, decorative papers, industrially used paper tapes (both creped and pleated), bags, and liners for cans, barrels, and cartons.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining tensile properties of paper and paperboard.
1.2 The procedures given in this test method are for use with constant-rate-of-elongation tensile testing equipment and as such, are able to be used with instruments designed for either vertical or horizontal operation, and whether manually operated or computer controlled.
1.3 These procedures are applicable for all types of paper, paperboard, paper products, and related materials within the measurement limitations of the equipment used. They are not for use with combined corrugated board.
1.4 Properties able to be determined using this test method include tensile strength, stretch, tensile energy absorption, tensile stiffness, breaking length, and tensile index.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies a method for determining the total number of colony-forming units of yeast and mould in dry market pulp, paper and paperboard after disintegration. The enumeration relates to specific media.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The preconditioning requirement is important because physical properties of a sample at 50 % relative humidity depend upon whether the sample is brought to 50 % from a higher or lower relative humidity. A detailed discussion of the importance of preconditioning may be found in Annex A1.
3.2 The conditioning and testing atmospheres are important because both temperature and relative humidity have significant effects on the physical properties of paper and board. A more detailed discussion of the importance may be found in Annex A2.
3.3 This standard is technically identical to TAPPI T402.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice defines the standard atmospheres for normal preconditioning, conditioning, and testing of paper and paper products, paperboard, fiberboard, and containers made from them. It also specifies procedures for handling these materials in order that they may reach equilibrium with the respective atmosphere.
1.2 This practice does not include special conditioning and testing atmospheres, such as those that attempt to simulate tropical or arctic environments.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SCOPE
1.1 The terms in this standard are related to paper and paper products.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies an oven-drying method for the determination of the dry matter content in paper, board, pulp and cellulosic nanomaterials in solid form, which all can be produced from virgin and /or recycled materials. It is also applicable to the determination of the dry matter content of paper and board for recycling. The procedure is applicable to paper, board, and pulp and cellulosic nanomaterials which do not contain any appreciable quantities of materials other than water that are volatile at the temperature of 105 °C ± 2 °C. It is used, for example, in the case of pulp, paper, and board and cellulosic nanomaterial samples taken for chemical and physical tests in the laboratory, when a concurrent determination of dry matter content is required. This method is not applicable to the determination of the dry matter content of slush pulp or to the determination of the saleable mass of pulp lots. NOTE 1 ISO 638-2[1] specifies an oven-drying method for the determination of the dry matter content of suspensions of cellulosic nanomaterials, ISO 287[2] specifies the determination of the moisture content of a lot of paper and board; ISO 4119[3] specifies the determination of stock concentration of pulps; the ISO 801 series[4] specifies the determination of the saleable mass in lots. NOTE 2 This document determines the total dry matter content of the sample, including any dissolved solids. If only the cellulosic material content free of dissolved solids is desired, dissolved solids are removed prior to measuring the dry matter content, e.g. by washing or dialysis, taking care to retain all cellulosic material; in cases where the sample is filterable without loss of cellulosic solids, ISO 4119[3] can be used to determine the stock consistency (content of cellulosic material in solid form).
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