2014-01-3849 - Pravilnik o prvih meritvah in obratovalnem monitoringu odpadnih voda

This document specifies a method for the determination of the elements aluminium, antimony, arsenic,
barium, beryllium, bismuth, boron, cadmium, caesium, calcium, cerium, chromium, cobalt, copper,
dysprosium, erbium, gadolinium, gallium, germanium, gold, hafnium, holmium, indium, iridium, iron,
lanthanum, lead, lithium, lutetium, magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, neodymium, nickel,
palladium, phosphorus, platinum, potassium, praseodymium, rubidium, rhenium, rhodium, ruthenium,
samarium, scandium, selenium, silver, sodium, strontium, terbium, tellurium, thorium, thallium,
thulium, tin, titanium, tungsten, uranium and its isotopes, vanadium, yttrium, ytterbium, zinc and
zirconium in water (e.g. drinking water, surface water, ground water, waste water and eluates).
Taking into account the specific and additionally occurring interferences, these elements can be
determined in water and digests of water and sludge (e.g. digests of water as described in ISO 15587-1
or ISO 15587-2).
The working range depends on the matrix and the interferences encountered. In drinking water and
relatively unpolluted waters, the limit of quantification (LOQ) lies between 0,002 μg/l and 1,0 μg/l for
most elements (see Table 1). The working range typically covers concentrations between several ng/l
and mg/l depending on the element and specified requirements.
The quantification limits of most elements are affected by blank contamination and depend
predominantly on the laboratory air-handling facilities available on the purity of reagents and the
cleanliness of glassware.
The lower limit of quantification is higher in cases where the determination suffers from interferences
(see Clause 5) or memory effects (see ISO 17294-1).
Elements other than those mentioned in the scope can also be determined according to this document
provided that the user of the document is able to validate the method appropriately (e.g. interferences,
sensitivity, repeatability, recovery).

This document sets out the general principles for, and provides guidance on, the design of sampling programmes and sampling techniques for all aspects of sampling of water (including waste waters, sludges, effluents, suspended solids and sediments).
This document does not include detailed instructions for specific sampling situations, which are covered in various other parts of the ISO 5667 series and in ISO 19458.

This document contains details on the sampling of domestic and industrial waste water, i.e. the design of sampling programmes and techniques for the collection of samples. It covers waste water in all its forms, i.e. industrial waste water, radioactive waste water, cooling water, raw and treated domestic waste water.
It deals with various sampling techniques used and the rules to be applied so as to ensure the samples are representative.
Sampling of accidental spillages is not included, although the methods described in certain cases may also be applicable to spillages.

This document specifies the determination of the biochemical oxygen demand of waters by dilution and seeding with suppression of nitrification after 5 d or 7 d incubation time.
It is applicable to all waters having biochemical oxygen demands usually between 1 mg/l and 6 000 mg/l. It applies particularly to waste waters but also suits for the analysis of natural waters. For biochemical oxygen demands greater than 6 000 mg/l of oxygen, the method is still applicable, but special care is needed taking into consideration the representativeness of subsampling for preparation of the dilution steps. The results obtained are the product of a combination of biochemical and chemical reactions in presence of living matter which behaves only with occasional reproducibility. The results do not have the rigorous and unambiguous character of those resulting from, for example, a single, well‑defined, chemical process. Nevertheless, the results provide an indication from which the quality of waters can be estimated.

ISO 20456:2017 applies to industrial electromagnetic flowmeters used for the measurement of flowrate of a conductive liquid in a closed conduit running full. It covers flowmeter types utilizing both alternating current (AC) and pulsed direct current (DC) circuits to drive the field coils and meters running from a mains power supply and those operating from batteries or other sources of power.
ISO 20456:2017 is not applicable to insertion-type flowmeters or electromagnetic flowmeters designed to work in open channels or pipes running partially full, nor does it apply to the measurement of magnetically permeable slurries or liquid metal applications.
ISO 20456:2017 does not specify safety requirements in relation to hazardous environmental usage of the flowmeter.

This European Standard specifies determination of the biochemical oxygen demand of waters of undiluted samples. This standard is applicable to all waters having biochemical oxygen demands greater than or equal to the limit of determination 0,5 mg/l of oxygen and not exceeding 6 mg/l of oxygen.

ISO 7393-2:2017 specifies a method for the determination of free chlorine and total chlorine in water, readily applicable to lab- and field-testing. It is based on measurement of the absorption, the red DPD colour complex in a photometer or the colour intensity by visual comparison of the colour with a scale of standards that is regularly calibrated.
This method is appropriate for drinking water and other waters, where additional halogens like bromine, iodine and other oxidizing agents are present in almost negligible amounts. Seawater and waters containing bromides and iodides comprise a group for which special procedures are to be carried out.
This method is in practice applicable to concentrations, in terms of chlorine (Cl2), from, for example, 0,000 4 mmol/l to 0,07 mmol/l (e.g. 0,03 mg/l to 5 mg/l) total chlorine. For higher concentrations, the test portion is diluted.
Commonly, the method is applied as a field method with mobile photometers and commercially available ready-for-use reagents (liquid reagents, powders and tablets). It is essential that those reagents comply with minimum requirements and contain the essential reagents and a buffer system suitable to adjust the measurement solution to a pH range of typically 6,2 to 6,5. If there is doubt that water samples have uncommon pH values and/or buffer capacities, the user has to check and, if necessary, to adjust the sample pH to the required range. The pH of the sample is within the range of pH 4 and 8. Adjust, if necessary, with sodium hydroxide solution or sulfuric acid before the test.
A procedure for the differentiation of combined chlorine of the monochloramine type, combined chlorine of the dichloramine type and combined chlorine in the form of nitrogen trichloride is presented in Annex A. In Annex C, a procedure is presented for the determination of free and total chlorine in drinking and other low polluted waters, for disposable planar reagent-filled cuvettes using a mesofluidic channel pump/colorimeter.

ISO 1438:2017 defines the requirements for the use of rectangular and triangular (V-notch) thin-plate weirs for the measurement of flow of clear water in open channels under free flow conditions. It includes the requirements for the use of full-width rectangular thin-plate weirs in submerged (drowned) flow conditions.

ISO/IEC 17025:2017 specifies the general requirements for the competence, impartiality and consistent operation of laboratories.
ISO/IEC 17025:2017 is applicable to all organizations performing laboratory activities, regardless of the number of personnel.
Laboratory customers, regulatory authorities, organizations and schemes using peer-assessment, accreditation bodies, and others use ISO/IEC 17025:2017 in confirming or recognizing the competence of laboratories.

ISO 15769:2010 provides guidelines on the principles of operation and the selection and use of Doppler-based and echo correlation velocity meters for continuous-flow gauging.
ISO 15769:2010 is applicable to channel flow determination in open channels and partially filled pipes using one or more meters located at fixed points in the cross-section.

ISO 9308-1:2014 specifies a method for the enumeration of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and coliform bacteria. The method is based on membrane filtration, subsequent culture on a chromogenic coliform agar medium, and calculation of the number of target organisms in the sample. Due to the low selectivity of the differential agar medium, background growth can interfere with the reliable enumeration of E. coli and coliform bacteria, for example, in surface waters or shallow well waters. This method is not suitable for these types of water.
ISO 9308-1:2014 is especially suitable for waters with low bacterial numbers that will cause less than 100 total colonies on chromogenic coliform agar (CCA). These may be drinking water, disinfected pool water, or finished water from drinking water treatment plants.
Some strains of E. coli which are β-D-glucuronidase negative, such as Escherichia coli O157, will not be detected as E. coli. As they are β-D-galactosidase positive, they will appear as coliform bacteria on this chromogenic agar.

ISO 6341.2012 specifies a method for the determination of the acute toxicity to Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea).
This method is applicable to: chemical substances which are soluble under the conditions of the test, or can be maintained as a stable suspension or dispersion under the conditions of the test; industrial or sewage effluents; treated or untreated waste water; aqueous extracts and leachates; fresh water (surface and ground water); eluates of fresh water sediment; pore water of fresh water sediment.

This part of ISO 10304 specifies a method for the determination of dissolved bromide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, orthophosphate and sulfate in water, e.g. drinking water, ground water, surface water, waste water, leachates and marine water by liquid chromatography of ions. The lower limit of application is ≥ 0,05 mg/l for bromide and for nitrite, and ≥ 0,1 mg/l for chloride, fluoride, nitrate, orthophosphate and sulfate. The lower limit application depends on the matrix and the interferences encountered. The working range may be expanded to lower concentrations (e.g. ≥ 0,01 mg/l) if an appropriate pre treatment of the sample (e.g. conditions for trace analyses, pre-concentration technique) is applied, and/or if an ultraviolet (UV) detector (for bromide, nitrate and nitrite) is used.

ISO 12846:2012 specifies two methods for the determination of mercury in drinking, surface, ground, rain and waste water after appropriate pre-digestion. For the first method, an enrichment step by amalgamation of the Hg on, for example, a gold/platinum adsorber is used. For the second method, the enrichment step is omitted.
The choice of method depends on the equipment available, the matrix and the concentration range of interest. Both methods are suitable for the determination of mercury in water. The method with enrichment commonly has a practical working range from 0,01 µg/l to 1 µg/l. The mean limit of quantification (LOQ) reported by the participants of the validation trial was 0,008 µg/l. This information on the LOQ gives the user of ISO 12846:2012 an orientation and does not replace the estimation of performance data from laboratory specific data. It has to be considered that it is possible to achieve lower LOQs with specific instrumentation (e.g. single mercury analysers).
The method without enrichment commonly has a practical working range starting at 0,05 µg/l. The LOQ reported by the participants of the validation trial was 0,024 µg/l. It is up to the user, based on the specific application, to decide whether higher concentrations are determined by omitting the enrichment step and/or by diluting the sample(s). The sensitivity of both methods is dependent on the selected operating conditions.
Another possibility for the determination of extremely low Hg concentrations down to 0,002 µg/l without pre-concentration is the application of atomic fluorescence spectrometry (see ISO 17852). Specific atomic-absorption mercury analysers allow determinations down to 0,010 µg/l without pre-concentration.
In general, the determination of trace concentrations of Hg by AAS (or AFS) is dependent on clean operating conditions in the laboratory and on the use of high-purity chemicals with negligible low-Hg blanks.
Note that ISO 12846:2012 may be applied to industrial and municipal waste water after an additional digestion step performed under appropriate conditions and after suitable method validation. A potential sample stability issue (mercury loss) for anaerobic reducing industrial effluents has to be considered thoroughly.

ISO 7887:2011 specifies four different methods, designated A to D, for the examination of colour.
The previously most employed method for assessment of water colour in water treatment plants, limnological surveys, etc. was based on the hexachloroplatinate scale. Methods C and D are harmonized with this traditional procedure.
Method A involves examination of apparent colour by visually observing a water sample in a bottle. This gives only preliminary information, for example for use in field work. Only the apparent colour can be reported.
Method B involves determination of the true colour of a water sample using optical apparatus and is applicable to raw and potable water and to industrial water of low colour. A subclause on interferences is included.
Method C involves determination of the true colour of a water sample using optical apparatus for comparison with hexachloroplatinate concentration at wavelength, λ = 410 nm. A subclause on interferences is included.
Method D involves determination of colour by visual comparison with hexachloroplatinate standard solutions and can be applied to raw and drinking water. A subclause on interferences is included.
Methods A and B are appropriate if the colour hue of the sample differs from the hue of the matching solution.
When stating the result, the procedure used (methods A to D) is also recorded.

ISO 18857-2:2009 specifies a gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC‑MS) determination of selected alkylphenols, their ethoxylates and bisphenol A in non-filtered samples of drinking, ground, surface, and waste waters following solid‑phase extraction and derivatisation.
The lower limit of the working range depends on the matrix, on the specific compound to be analysed and on the sensitivity of the mass spectrometric detection unit. The method is applicable in a working range from 0,005 µg/l to 0,2 µg/l for 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol (OP), and its mono- (OP1EO) and diethoxylate (OP2EO), from 0,03 µg/l to 0,2  µg/l for 4-nonylphenol (mixture of isomers) (NP), and its mono- (NP1EO) and diethoxylate (NP2EO), and from 0,05 µg/l to 0,2 µg/l for bisphenol A (BPA).
Depending on the matrix, the method is also applicable to waste water in a working range from 0,1 µg/l to 50 µg/l for OP, OP1EO, OP2EO and BPA, and from 0,5 µg/l to 50 µg/l for NP, NP1EO and NP2EO. The working ranges are based on experimental work carried out in ruggedness testing. Water samples containing suspended matter at concentrations of more than 500 mg/l and waste water samples are extracted by passing a 100 ml sample through the cartridge.

ISO 11349:2010 defines a method for the determination of lipophilic substances of low volatility in water using gravimetry.
The method is applicable to all kinds of water and allows the determination of low‑volatility lipophilic substances which are suspended, emulsified, or dissolved, in concentrations of about 10 mg/l to 500 mg/l. Above this value, the test portion is diluted appropriately.
The method is not applicable to water with a separate oil layer.

ISO 21458:2008 specifies a method for the determination of glyphosate and its major metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in drinking water, ground water and surface water. The lowest limit of determination is about 0,05 µg/l. This method may be applicable to other types of waters provided the method is validated for each case.

ISO 10523:2008 specifies a method for determining the pH value in rain, drinking and mineral waters, bathing waters, surface and ground waters, as well as municipal and industrial waste waters, and liquid sludge, within the range pH 2 to pH 12 with an ionic strength below I = 0,3 mol/kg (conductivity at 25 °C

ISO 11885:2007 specifies a method for the determination of dissolved elements, elements bound to particles ("particulate") and total content of elements in different types of water (e.g. ground, surface, raw, potable and waste water) for the following elements: aluminium, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, bismuth, boron, cadmium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gallium, indium, iron, lead, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, silicon, silver, sodium, strontium, sulfur, tin, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zinc and zirconium.
Taking into account the specific and additionally occurring interferences, these elements can also be determined in digests of water, sludges and sediments (for example, digests of water as specified in ISO 15587‑1 or ISO 15587‑2). The method is suitable for mass concentrations of particulate matter in waste water below 2 g/l. The scope of this method may be extended to other matrices or to higher amounts of particulate matter if it can be shown that additionally occurring interferences are considered and corrected for carefully. It is up to the user to demonstrate the fitness for purpose.

ISO 10304-1:2007 specifies a method for the determination of dissolved bromide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, orthophosphate and sulfate in water, e.g. drinking water, ground water, surface water, waste water, leachates and marine water by liquid chromatography of ions.
The lower limit of application is greater than or equal to 0,05 mg/l for bromide and for nitrite, and greater than or equal to 0,1 mg/l for chloride, fluoride, nitrate, orthophosphate, and sulfate. The lower limit of application depends on the matrix and the interferences encountered.
The working range may be expanded to lower concentrations (e.g. greater than or equal to 0,01 mg/l) if an appropriate pre‑treatment of the sample (e.g. conditions for trace analyses, pre‑concentration technique) is applied, and/or if an UV detector (for bromide, nitrate and nitrite) is used.

ISO 18857-1:2005 specifies a method for the determination of 4-nonylphenol (mixture of isomers) and 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol in non-filtered samples of drinking water, ground water and surface water. The method is applicable in a concentration range from 0,005 micrograms per litre to 0,2 micrograms per litre for 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol and from 0,02 micrograms per litre to 0,2 micrograms per litre for 4-nonylphenol (mixture of isomers). Depending on the matrix, the method is also applicable to waste water containing the analyzed compounds in the concentration range from 0,1 micrograms per litre to 50 micrograms per litre. Higher concentrations can be measured after appropriate dilution of the sample.

ISO 18856:2004 specifies a method for the determination of phthalates in water after solid phase extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
This method is applicable to the determination of phthalates in ground water, surface water, wastewater and drinking water in mass concentrations ranging from above 0,02 microgram per litre up to 0,150 microgram per litre, depending on the individual substance and the value of the blank.
The applicability of this method to other phthalates not specified is not excluded, but it is necessary to determine its applicability in each case.

ISO 17353:2004 specifies a method for the identification and quantification of monobutyltin, dibutyltin, tributyltin, tetrabutyltin, monooctyltin, dioctyltin, triphenyltin, tricyclohexyltin compounds and/or cations in drinking water, surface water and wastewater containing not more than 2 g/l of suspended material. The working range is 10 ng/l to 1 000 ng/l. The respective anions are not determined.
This method can also be applicable to other compounds such as monomethyltin, dimethyltin, monophenyltin and diphenyltin compounds and/or cations. ISO 17353:2004 is also applicable to marine water.

This European Standard describes a method for the determination of suspended solids in raw waters, waste waters and effluents by filtration through glass fibre filters. The lower limit of the determination is about 2 mg/l. No upper limit has been established. Water samples are not always stable which means that the content of suspended solids depends on storage time, means of transportation, pH value and other circumstances. Results obtained with unstable samples should be interpreted with caution.

ISO 9562:2004 specifies a method for the direct determination of an amount of usually 10 micrograms per litre in water of organically bound chlorine, bromine and iodine (expressed as chloride) adsorbable on activated carbon.
This method is applicable to test samples with concentrations of inorganic chloride ions of less than 1 g/l. Samples with higher concentrations are diluted prior to analysis.
This method is also applicable to samples containing suspended solids where halogens are adsorbed onto the solid matter (e.g. insoluble halides). Filtration of the sample before analysis allows the separate determination of dissolved and particulate adsorbable organically bound halogens (AOX).
Filtered samples with high inorganic chloride content can be analysed by a modified method [dissolved adsorbable organically bound halogens after solid phase extraction in waters with high salt content (SPE-AOX)]. However, results obtained by this modified method can differ significantly from those of the required method.

ISO 6878:2004 specifies methods for the determination of orthophosphate, orthophosphate after solvent extraction, hydrolysable phosphate plus orthophosphate, and total phosphorus after decomposition.
The methods are applicable to all kinds of water including seawater and effluents. Phosphorus concentrations within the range of 0,005 mg/l to 0,8 mg/l may be determined in such samples without dilution.
A solvent extraction procedure allows smaller phosphorus concentrations to be determined with a detection limit of about 0,000 5 mg/l.

ISO 17993:2002 specifies a method using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection for the determination of 15 selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) [naphthalene, acenaphthene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, fluorene, anthracene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene, benzo(ghi)perylene] in drinking and ground water in mass concentrations greater than 0,005 microgram/litre (for each single compound) and surface waters in mass concentrations above 0,01 microgram/litre.
This method is, with some modification, also suitable for the analysis of waste water. This method may be applicable to other PAH, provided the method is validated for each case.

ISO 15680:2003 specifies a general method for the determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in water by purge-and-trap isolation and gas chromatography (GC). Annexes A, B and C provide examples of analytes that can be determined using ISO 15680:2003. They range from difluorodichloromethane (R-12) up to trichlorobenzene, including all non-polar organic compounds of intermediate volatility.
Detection is preferably carried out by mass spectrometry in the electron impact mode (EI), but other detectors may be applied as well.
The limit of detection largely depends on the detector in use and the operational parameters. Typically detection limits as low as 10 ng/l can be achieved. The working range typically is up to 100 micrograms per litre.
ISO 15680:2003 is applicable to drinking water, ground water, surface water, seawater and to (diluted) waste water.

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): To be renumbered part 2 at DIS stage (Res BT 79/1998) (CC/981106) ++ Mr. Lingner has just confirmed that Part 2 & Part 3 have been deleted from the I ++ SO work programme and that consequently Part 4 has to be renumbered Part 2. Ho- ++ wever since the // DIS/ENQ has just been initiated, the change will be done at ++ FV/FDIS stage (TA/990319)

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): TC N 301 (work programme 980408): TC230 Res. by corr. for // voting on later ++ kISO/DIS 15061, ISO lead (TA/980429) ++ new td 49 in BP (bli 991125)

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): TC 230 Res. 87: // approval procedure on the revision of ISO 7899-2:1984. ++ N315: New TD (TA/980915)

ISO - Taking over of an ISO Technical Corrigendum

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): CEN/TC 230N285: V.A ISO lead + see file CEN/TC 230 CORR (TA/970918) ++ SPPJ_09_Y_199804 ++ 980120: ISO/DIS 10695-1 was sent out in June 1997 in ISO for ENQ. ISO agrees to ++ wait until we carry out our PQ because their texts for FDIS will not become ++ available before May/June 1998 (TA/980120)

Specifies a procedure for water. Sea water and waters containing bromides and iodides comprise a group for which special procedures are required. The procedure is applicable to concentrations, in terms of chlorine, from 0,000 4 to 0,07 mmol/l total chlorine and at higher concentrations by dilution of samples. Several compounds influencing the procedure are noted.

ISO - Taking over of an ISO Technical Corrigendum

This International Standard specifies a method for the evaluation in aqueous medium of the ultimate
biodegradability and, as additional information, the primary biodegradability and the total elimination from water, of
organic compounds at a given concentration by aerobic microorganisms.
The conditions described in this International Standard normally correspond to optimal conditions for allowing the
maximum value of biodegradation to occur with the chosen inoculum in the test time. These conditions may even be
more favourable than in full-scale wastewater treatment plants, especially if their hydraulic retention time, sludge
age or the adaptation of the activated sludge is not optimal.
The method applies to organic compounds which are
a) water-soluble at the concentration used under the test conditions and not expected to be transformed to
insoluble metabolites if biodegradation and not elimination only shall be determined;
b) nonvolatile, or which have a negligible vapour pressure under the test conditions;
c) not lost by foaming from the test solution;
d) not inhibitory to the test microorganisms at the concentration chosen for the test. Inhibitory effects can be
determined using a suitable test method (e.g. see ISO 8192). If the test compound is toxic, the test
concentration must be lowered, or a pre-exposed inoculum can be used.
This International Standard is also applicable to the measurement of biodegradation and elimination of dissolved
organic compounds in wastewater (also called "test compound" in the method).
NOTE If more information is required to predict the behaviour of test compounds or wastewater in a treatment plant, a
simulation test (e.g. the activated sludge simulation test ISO 11733) should be performed. For appropriate use of this method
and for alternative biodegradation methods, see ISO 15462.

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): N315: New TD (TA/980915)