IEC 61800-9-2:2017
(Main)Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems - Part 9-2: Ecodesign for power drive systems, motor starters, power electronics and their driven applications - Energy efficiency indicators for power drive systems and motor starters
Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems - Part 9-2: Ecodesign for power drive systems, motor starters, power electronics and their driven applications - Energy efficiency indicators for power drive systems and motor starters
IEC 61800-9-2:2017 specifies energy efficiency indicators of power electronics (complete drive modules, CDM), power drive systems (PDS) and motor starters, all used for motor driven equipment. It specifies the methodology for the determination of losses of the complete drive module (CDM), the power drive system (PDS) and the motor system.
It defines IE and IES-classes, their limit values and provides test procedures for the classification of the overall losses of the motor system.
Furthermore, this document proposes a methodology for the implementation of the best energy efficiency solution of drive systems.
This depends on the architecture of the motor driven system, on the speed/load profile and on the operating points over time of the driven equipment.
Entraînements électriques de puissance à vitesse variable - Partie 9-2: Ecoconception des entraînements électriques de puissance, des démarreurs de moteurs, de l'électronique de puissance et de leurs applications entraînées - Indicateurs d'efficacité énergétique pour les entraînements électriques de puissance et les démarreurs de moteurs
L'IEC 61800-9-2:2017 spécifie les indicateurs d'efficacité énergétique pour l'électronique de puissance (modules d'entraînement complets, CDM), les entraînements électriques de puissance (PDS) et les démarreurs de moteurs, utilisés avec les équipements entraînés par moteur.
Elle spécifie la méthodologie de détermination des pertes du module d'entraînement complet (CDM), de l'entraînement électrique de puissance (PDS) et du système moteur.
Elle définit les classes IE et IES et établit leurs valeurs limites, ainsi que les procédures d'essai pour le classement des pertes globales du système moteur.
Le présent document propose également une méthodologie pour la mise en œuvre de la meilleure solution écoénergétique des entraînements électriques. Cela dépend de l'architecture du système entraîné par moteur, du profil vitesse/charge et des points de fonctionnement dans le temps de l’équipement entraîné.
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Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 61800-9-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2017-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems –
Part 9-2: Ecodesign for power drive systems, motor starters, power electronics
and their driven applications – Energy efficiency indicators for power drive
systems and motor starters
Entraînements électriques de puissance à vitesse variable –
Partie 9-2: Écoconception des entraînements électriques de puissance, des
démarreurs de moteurs, de l'électronique de puissance et de leurs applications
entraînées – Indicateurs d'efficacité énergétique pour les entraînements
électriques de puissance et les démarreurs de moteurs
IEC 61800-9-2:2017-03(en-fr)
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IEC 61800-9-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2017-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems –
Part 9-2: Ecodesign for power drive systems, motor starters, power electronics
and their driven applications – Energy efficiency indicators for power drive
systems and motor starters
Entraînements électriques de puissance à vitesse variable –
Partie 9-2: Écoconception des entraînements électriques de puissance, des
démarreurs de moteurs, de l'électronique de puissance et de leurs applications
entraînées – Indicateurs d'efficacité énergétique pour les entraînements
électriques de puissance et les démarreurs de moteurs
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.130.01; 29.160.30; 29.200 ISBN 978-2-8322-3996-4
– 2 – IEC 61800-9-2:2017 © IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 8
INTRODUCTION . 10
1 Scope . 12
2 Normative references . 13
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 14
3.1 Terms and definitions . 14
3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 17
4 Reference PDS (RPDS), reference CDM (RCDM) and reference motor (RM) . 24
4.1 General . 24
4.2 Reference operating points of the RPDS, RCDM, RM and associated losses . 25
4.3 Combining PDS losses with the driven equipment – Workflow for the semi-
analytical model (SAM) . 27
4.4 IE classes of line-fed motors . 29
4.5 IE classes of converter-fed motors . 29
4.6 IE Classes of frequency converters (complete drive modules, CDM) . 29
4.7 IES Classes of a PDS . 29
4.8 Consistency of IE and IES classes . 30
4.9 Determination of the IES class of a PDS by application of "reference" and
"test" devices and guidance for the manufacturers . 30
5 Mathematical model of CDM, motor and PDS . 32
5.1 General . 32
5.2 CDM losses . 32
5.2.1 General procedure and definition of the CDM and the test load . 32
5.2.2 Output inverter losses . 34
5.2.3 Input converter losses . 37
5.2.4 Input choke losses . 38
5.2.5 DC link losses. 39
5.2.6 Current conductor losses . 39
5.2.7 Control and standby losses . 40
5.2.8 Cooling loss factor . 40
5.2.9 Other CDM losses . 40
5.2.10 Overall CDM losses . 40
5.3 Motor losses . 41
5.3.1 General . 41
5.3.2 Additional harmonic losses of three-phase asynchronous motors fed by
a CDM . 42
5.3.3 Reference motor (RM) data . 42
5.4 Reference PDS (RPDS) . 43
5.4.1 Reference PDS losses . 43
5.4.2 PDS losses at different switching frequencies . 44
5.5 PDS losses for regenerative operation . 45
5.6 Losses of motor starters . 45
6 Limits of IE and IES classes . 46
6.1 General . 46
6.2 CDM . 46
6.3 Motor . 48
6.4 PDS . 48
7 Loss determination . 51
7.1 General . 51
7.2 Type testing of CDM for IE classification . 51
7.3 Type testing of PDS for IES classification . 52
7.4 Determination procedures for CDM and PDS losses in part load operation. 52
7.5 CDM loss calculation . 53
7.6 PDS loss calculation . 53
7.7 Input-output measurement method . 53
7.7.1 Input-output measurement of CDM losses . 53
7.7.2 Input-output measurement of PDS losses . 54
7.7.3 Requirements of input-output measurement methods . 54
7.8 Calorimetric measurement of CDM losses . 57
7.9 Testing conditions for CDM testing . 58
7.10 Testing conditions for PDS testing . 59
7.11 Flowcharts for test procedures . 59
8 Requirements for the user’s documentation . 62
8.1 General . 62
8.2 Information for selection . 62
8.3 Information for determination of energy efficiency classification . 63
8.4 Information on the determination of additional energy losses and part load
conditions . 63
8.4.1 General . 63
8.4.2 Losses in part load conditions . 63
8.4.3 Losses of auxiliaries and options . 63
8.4.4 Losses in stand-by mode . 64
8.4.5 Losses in regenerative mode . 64
Annex A (normative) Losses of RCDM, RM and RPDS . 65
A.1 Relative loss tables . 65
Annex B (informative) Description of the elements of an extended product using PDS
with regard to their impact on losses. 69
B.1 General . 69
B.2 Losses in the mains cabling and feeding section . 69
B.3 Input filter . 70
B.3.1 High frequency EMI filter . 70
B.3.2 Low frequency line harmonics filter . 71
B.4 Input converter . 71
B.4.1 General . 71
B.4.2 Diode rectifier . 72
B.4.3 Active infeed converter . 72
B.4.4 Power factor of the input converter . 74
B.5 DC link . 75
B.6 Output inverter . 76
B.7 Output filter and motor cables . 77
B.7.1 General . 77
B.7.2 Sine wave filters . 78
B.7.3 dV/dt filters and motor chokes . 79
B.7.4 High frequency EMI motor filters . 79
B.7.5 Motor cables . 79
– 4 – IEC 61800-9-2:2017 © IEC 2017
B.8 Motor . 79
B.9 Mechanical load . 79
B.10 Control and standby losses . 79
B.11 Cooling losses . 80
B.11.1 Primary cooling losses . 80
B.11.2 Secondary cooling losses . 80
Annex C (informative) Converter topology . 81
C.1 General . 81
C.2 Voltage source output inverter topologies different from those
mathematically described in 5.2.2 . 81
C.3 Voltage source input converter topologies different from those
mathematically described in 5.2.3 . 81
C.4 CDM topologies different from voltage source type . 82
Annex D (informative) Motor model and loss interpolation . 83
D.1 Overview. 83
D.2 Losses of AC motors . 83
D.2.1 General . 83
D.2.2 Stator and rotor winding I R losses (P + P (for induction or wound
LS LR
rotor motors)) . 83
D.2.3 Additional losses (P ) . 83
LL
D.2.4 Iron losses (P ) . 84
Lfe
D.2.5 Friction and windage losses (P ) . 84
Lfw
D.2.6 Additional harmonic losses (P ) . 85
LHL
D.3 Interpolation formula . 85
D.4 Analytical determination of the interpolation coefficients . 86
D.4.1 General . 86
D.4.2 Additional losses due to frequency converter voltage drop . 87
D.4.3 Alternate operating points to determine interpolation coefficients . 88
D.4.4 Motors for square-torque applications . 89
D.5 Determination of interpolation error . 89
D.6 Numerical determination of the interpolation coefficients . 89
D.7 Typical IE2 induction motor efficiency . 90
Annex E (informative) Application example for loss calculations of a CDM and a PDS . 93
E.1 General . 93
E.2 CDM loss determination . 93
E.2.1 General . 93
E.2.2 Loss determination by maximum losses of neighbouring loss points . 94
E.2.3 Loss determination by two-dimensional interpolation of losses of
neighbouring loss points . 94
E.2.4 Loss determination by the mathematical model described in 5.2 . 97
E.3 Loss determination of the motor . 99
E.4 Loss determination of the PDS . 100
Annex F (informative) Uncertainty of loss determination method . 101
F.1 General . 101
F.2 Calculation of uncertainty at randomly occurring errors . 101
F.3 Comparison of uncertainties for different loss determination methods . 101
Annex G (informative) Calorimetric measurement for CDM losses . 102
G.1 General . 102
G.2 Calorimeter with two chambers with air as a cooling medium . 102
G.3 Calorimeter with one chamber with air as a cooling medium . 103
G.4 Calorimeter with liquid as a cooling medium . 104
Bibliography . 105
Figure 1 − Illustration of core requirements of energy efficiency standardization . 10
Figure 2 – Illustration of the extended product with included motor system . 15
Figure 3 – Torque-speed-characteristic of servo PDS . 16
Figure 4 – Illustration of the operating points (shaft speed, torque) for the
determination of relative losses of the power drive system (RPDS) . 25
Figure 5 – Illustration of the operating points (shaft speed, torque) for the
determination of relative losses of the reference motor (RM). 26
Figure 6 – Illustration of the operating points (relative motor stator frequency, relative
torque-producing current) for the determination of losses of the reference complete
drive module (RCDM) . 26
Figure 7 – Illustration of the workflow to determine the energy efficiency index (EEI) of
an extended product . 28
Figure 8 – Illustration how to combine different data sources to determine the energy
efficiency index (EEI) of an extended product . 28
Figure 9 – Metrical relation of IE, IES classes . 30
Figure 10 – Guidance for CDM and Motor manufacturers for the usage of "test" and
"reference" devices to determine the IE/IES classes . 31
Figure 11 – Illustration of the CDM and the test load . 32
Figure 12 – Relative losses p of the 9,95 kVA RCDM . 41
L,CDM
Figure 13 – Example of the relative power losses of PDS as function of speed and
torque . 44
Figure 14 – Example of the relative power losses versus switching frequency. 45
Figure 15 – Example of a CDM with resistor for dissipating generated power . 45
Figure 16 – Illustration of IE classes for a CDM . 48
Figure 17 – Illustration of IES classes of a PDS . 49
Figure 18 – Losses of CDM are provided as the sum of the determined losses plus the
uncertainty of the determination method . 52
Figure 19 – Input-output measurement setup for determination of CDM losses . 54
Figure 20 – Input-output measurement setup for PDS losses . 54
Figure 21 – Order of CDM measurements from [1] to [8] . 56
Figure 22 – Order of PDS measurements from [1] to [8] . 57
Figure 23 – Calorimetric measurement setup for determining CDM losses . 58
Figure 24 – Determination of IE classification for CDM and loss determination for part
load operating points . 60
Figure 25 – Determination of IES classification for PDS and loss determination for part
load operating points . 61
Figure B.1 – Overview of the extended product and energy flow . 69
Figure B.2 – Equivalent circuit of the mains and mains cabling . 70
Figure B.3 – Illustration of a single phase line harmonics filter . 71
Figure B.4 – PDS with a diode rectifier input converter . 72
Figure B.5 – PDS with a standard AIC input converter . 73
Figure B.6 – PDS with a F3E-AIC input converter without line choke . 74
– 6 – IEC 61800-9-2:2017 © IEC 2017
Figure B.7 – Typical waveform of a diode rectifier line current . 74
Figure B.8 – DC link circuit . 75
Figure B.9 – DC link circuit with additional DC chokes . 76
Figure B.10 – Output inverter of the PDS . 77
Figure B.11 – Motor cable and optional output filter of the PDS . 77
Figure B.12 – Typical waveform of inverter output voltage and motor voltage when
using a sine wave output filter . 78
Figure D.1 – Normative operating points . 87
Figure E.1 – Segments of operating points. 93
Figure E.2 – Two-dimensional interpolation . 95
Figure G.1 – One-step calorimetric measurement setup for comparative loss
measurement (CDM and heating resistor are loaded simultaneously). 103
Figure G.2 – Two-step calorimetric measurement setup for comparative loss
measurement (CDM and heating resistor are not loaded simultaneously) . 104
Figure G.3 – Liquid cooled calorimetric measurement setup for CDM loss
measurement . 104
Table 1 – Minimum test load currents at different points of operation . 33
Table 2 – Test load displacement factor between fundamental output current and
fundamental output voltage at different points of operation . 33
Table 3 – Reference parameters for Formula (5) . 35
Table 4 – Variables for Formula (5) . 35
Table 5 – Reference parameters for Formula (6) . 35
Table 6 – Reference parameters for Formula (7) . 36
Table 7 – Reference parameters for Formula (8) . 37
Table 8 – Reference parameters for Formula (10) . 38
Table 9 – Variables for Formula (10) . 38
Table 10 – Reference parameters for Formula (11): . 38
Table 11 – Reference parameters for Formula (12) . 39
Table 12 – Reference parameters for Formula (13) . 39
Table 13 – Reference parameter for Formula (15) . 40
Table 14 – Reference parameter for Formula (14) . 40
Table 15 – Relative losses of the 400 V/9,95 kVA reference CDM at the operating
points described in Figure 6 . 41
Table 16 – Reference parameter for Formula (19) . 43
Table 17 – Relative losses of the 400 V/7,5 kW RPDS . 44
Table 18 – Reference CDM losses for class IE1 definition . 47
Table 19 – Reference PDS losses of IES class 1 definition . 50
Table 20 – Information requirements . 62
Table A.1 – Relative losses (%) of reference CDMs at different power ratings at the
operating points described in Figure 6 . 65
Table A.2 – Relative losses (%) of reference motors at different power ratings at the
operating points described in Figure 5 . 66
Table A.3 – Relative losses (%) for a reference PDS at different power ratings at the
operating points described in Figure 4 . 67
Table B.1 – Typical values of λ for different input converter topologies . 75
Table D.1 – Recommended split of windage and friction losses for IC 411 self-
ventilated motors . 85
Table D.2 – Normative operating points with graphical representation . 86
Table D.3 – Non-normative alternate operating points . 88
Table D.4 – Interpolation coefficients of typical 4-pole reference IE2 induction
machines . 91
Table D.5 – Interpolation coefficients of typical 2-pole reference IE2 induction
machines . 92
Table E.1 – Relative losses of a 400 V/9,95 kVA example CDM at the predefined
operating points . 94
Table E.2 – Parameters of the example CDM . 98
Table E.3 – Results of the CDM calculation according to the mathematical model . 99
Table E.4 – Comparison of different loss evaluation methods . 99
Table E.5 – Loss data of the 7,5kW reference motor . 99
– 8 – IEC 61800-9-2:2017 © IEC 2017
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ADJUSTABLE SPEED ELECTRICAL POWER DRIVE SYSTEMS –
Part 9-2: Ecodesign for power drive systems,
motor starters, power electronics and their driven applications –
Energy efficiency indicators for power drive systems and motor starters
FOREWORD
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International Standard IEC 61800-9-2 has been prepared by subcommittee 22G: Adjustable
speed electric drive systems incorporating semiconductor power converters, of IEC technical
committee 22: Power electronic systems and equipment.
The text of this document is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
22G/349/FDIS 22G/352/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this document can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61800 series, published under the general title Adjustable speed
electrical power drive systems, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
– 10 – IEC 61800-9-2:2017 © IEC 2017
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 61800 has been developed to allow evaluation of power losses of CDMs
(complete drive modules) and PDSs (power drive systems).
The requirements for measuring energy efficiency of motors with non-sinusoidal supply are
under the responsibility of IEC/TC 2 and will be published under the IEC 60034 series.
IEC SC 22G includes the standardization task force for dealing with this topic. It has close
collaboration with several other technical committees (for example, IEC TC 2, IEC SC 121A).
IEC SC 22G maintains responsibility for all relevant aspects in the field of energy efficiency
and ecodesign requirements for power electronics, switchgear, control gear and power drive
systems and their industrial applications.
The core requirements of energy efficiency standardization are illustrated in Figure 1. The
work has been agreed to provide the reasonable target as a best compromise.
Market surveillable
(independent
certifiable)
Technically
comprehensive
Reasonable target
Manufacturer neutral
(no marketing messages)
IEC
Figure 1 − Illustration of core requirements
of energy efficiency standardization
IEC 61800 (all parts) does not deal with mechanical engineering components.
NOTE Geared motors (motors with directly adapted gearboxes) are treated like power drive systems (converter
plus motor). See IEC 60034-30-1 for classification of the losses of a geared motor. The efficiency classes of
gearboxes as individual components are under consideration.
IEC 61800-9-2 is a subpart of the IEC 61800 series, which has the following structure:
– Part 1: General requirements – Rating specifications for low voltage adjustable speed DC
power drive systems
– Part 2: General requirements – Rating specifications for low voltage adjustable speed AC
power drive systems
– Part 3: EMC requirements and specific test methods
– Part 4: General requirements – Rating specifications for AC power drive systems above
1 000 V AC and not exceeding 35 kV
– Part 5: Safety requirements
– Part 6: Guide for determination of types of load duty and corresponding current ratings
– Part 7: Generic interface and use of profiles for power drive systems
– Part 8: Specification of voltage on the power interface
– Part 9: Ecodesign for power drive systems, motor starters, power electronics and their
driven applications
Each part is further subdivided into several subparts, published either as International
Standards or as Technical Specifications or Technical Reports, some of which have already
been published. Other will be published with the part number followed by a dash and a
second number identifying the subdivision (example: IEC 61800-9-2).
It considers basic requirements from the EN 50598-2 CENELEC standard published on
2014-12-19 and considers also the following key points in cooperation with relevant technical
committees.
It has been developed in close collaboration with other technical committees (IEC TC 2, IEC
SC 121A) and with a customer’s stakeholder committee CEN/TC 197 in order to provide a
comprehensive standard for energy efficiency and ecodesign requirements.
Key points:
• Requirements for energy-efficient design of electric drive systems in accordance with the
driven load
• Requirements and IE-classification of complete drive modules (CDM)
• Requirements and IES-classification of power drive systems (PDS)
• Determination of PDS losses and requirements for the link to the driven equipment for the
determination of energy efficiency classification/evaluation of the extended product
• Requirements for an environmentally conscious system design and environmental
declaration of a motor system
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