IEC 61966-12-2:2014

IEC 61966-12-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2014-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Multimedia systems and equipment – Colour measurement and management –
Part 12-2: Simple metadata format for identification of colour gamut

Systèmes et appareils multimédias – Mesure et gestion de la couleur –
Partie 12-2: Format simple des métadonnées d'identification des gammes
de couleurs
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IEC 61966-12-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2014-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Multimedia systems and equipment – Colour measurement and management –

Part 12-2: Simple metadata format for identification of colour gamut

Systèmes et appareils multimédias – Mesure et gestion de la couleur –

Partie 12-2: Format simple des métadonnées d'identification des gammes

de couleurs
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 17.180.20; 33.160 ISBN 978-2-8322-1096-3

– 2 – IEC 61966-12-2:2014 © IEC 2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Simple description of gamut. 7
5 Relationship with IEC 61966-12-1 . 9
Annex A (informative) Conversion from IEC 61966-12-2 to IEC 61966-12-1 simple
profile . 11
Annex B (informative) Example of simple metadata format and conversion to
IEC 61966-12-1 simple profile . 13
Bibliography . 17

Figure 1 – The colour gamut of additive three primary colours type display . 8
Figure 2 – IEC 61966-12-1 full/medium profile . 9
Figure 3 – IEC 61966-12-1 simple profile and IEC 61966-12-2 . 9

Table 1 – Simple metadata format for identification of colour gamut . 7
Table 2 – Differences of IEC 61966-12-1 simple profile and IEC 61966-12-2 . 10
Table B.1 – Colour gamut for IEC 61966-2-5 opRGB . 13
Table B.2 – Encoded simple metadata format . 13
Table B.3 – Conversion result to CIE-XYZ values for five colour vertices . 14
Table B.4 – Example for the header . 14
Table B.5 – Example for the header of description of gamut geometry . 14
Table B.6 – Example of definition of vertices . 15
Table B.7 – Example of encoded colour space coordinates for vertices . 15

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT –
COLOUR MEASUREMENT AND MANAGEMENT –

Part 12-2: Simple metadata format for identification of colour gamut

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61966-12-2 has been prepared by technical area 2: Colour
measurement and management, of IEC technical committee 100: Audio, video and multimedia
systems and equipment.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
100/2129/CDV 100/2276/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.

– 4 – IEC 61966-12-2:2014 © IEC 2014
A list of alll parts of the IEC 61966 series, published under the general title Multimedia
systems and equipment – Colour measurement and management, can be found on the IEC
website.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
INTRODUCTION
New technologies in capturing and displaying wide-gamut colour images enable a new market
of wide-gamut video colour content creation. Recent video standards for wide gamut colour
space encoding such as IEC 61966-2-4 (xvYCC) were developed in order to be able to
distribute content with a colour gamut that is extended with respect to classical colour gamuts
such as defined by standards ITU-R BT.601 (standard definition television) and ITU-R BT.709
(high definition television). With the increasing popularity of wide gamut and high dynamic
range contents and displays, the variety of colour gamuts of displays is expected to increase.
This issue can be an obstacle to adoption of wide-gamut video colour contents in professional
content creation since the compatibility of the contents to the employed displays, as well as
the compatibility among different displays, is not ensured. The term display includes here any
video colour reproduction equipment, such as direct view displays and projectors. Thanks to
improvements in technology, the variety of colour gamuts and colour reproduction capacities
of displays increases while the colour gamut and the colour encoding rules of existing colour
space encoding standards are fixed.
To address this issue, IEC 61966-12-1: “Metadata for identification of colour gamut (Gamut
ID)” specifies a colour gamut metadata scheme for video systems including information for
colour reproduction. This metadata can apply to video content or displays. More specifically,
improvements can be achieved if the wide-gamut colour content is created with the knowledge
of the display colour gamut as well as if the colour reproduction in the display is done with the
knowledge of the colour gamut of the pictorial content.
IEC 61966-12-1 has the capability to describe arbitrary 3D colour gamuts in a given colour
space and include the full/medium profile for professional use and the simple profile for
consumer use with easier product implementation. This approach is effective, but some
ambiguities can occur in practical use. For example, if typical CE devices are able to decode
the simple profile only, due to CPU and software limitations.
In this case, even if a sender device and a receiver device are "based on IEC 61966-12-1
standard",
a) the receiver device cannot handle the Gamut ID of incoming contents, if the sender device
sends only full or medium profile.
b) the sender device should convert a full profile to a simple one for CE-devices, if the
receiver can receive the simple profile only. But the conversion is not possible for all the
cases.
Therefore, a simple Gamut ID profile standard of this standard has been developed to
address this problem.
For published parts of this series of standards refer to the IEC website.

– 6 – IEC 61966-12-2:2014 © IEC 2014
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT –
COLOUR MEASUREMENT AND MANAGEMENT –

Part 12-2: Simple metadata format for identification of colour gamut

1 Scope
This part of IEC 61966 specifies the colour gamut metadata format for video systems intended
for use in CE (Consumer Electronics) devices. The metadata specified in this part of
IEC 61966 is limited to the gamut description of additive three primary colours type displays
whose white and black points have the same chromaticity. It is fundamentally based on the
conventional VESA-EDID format.
When associated with content, the simple metadata format defines the gamut for which the
content was created. It can be used by the display for controlled colour reproduction even if
the display’s colour gamut is different from that of the content.
When associated with a display, the simple metadata format defines the display colour gamut.
It can be used during content creation to enable improved colour reproduction.
This standard provides the simplest, but unambiguous solution for typical CE devices that are
based on colour gamut information communication.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-845, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 845: Lighting
IEC 61966-12-1:2011, Multimedia systems and equipment – Colour measurement and
management – Part 12-1: Metadata for identification of colour gamut (Gamut ID)
IEC 61966-2-4, Multimedia systems and equipment – Colour measurement and management
– Part 2-4: Colour management – Extended-gamut YCC colour space for video applications –
xvYCC
ISO 15076-1:2005, Image technology colour management – Architecture, profile format and
data structure – Part 1: Based on ICC.2004-10
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-845, as well
as the following apply.
3.1
content
set of video signals in production, post-production or consumption

3.2
colour gamut
range of colours achievable on a given colour reproduction medium (or present in an image of
that medium) under a given set of viewing conditions
Note 1 to entry: It is a volume in colour space.
3.3
gamut mapping
mapping of the colour-space coordinates of the elements of a source image to colour-space
coordinates of the elements of a reproduction to compensate for differences in the source and
output medium colour gamut capability
4 Simple description of gamut
Additive three primary colours gamut can be specified by four combinations of CIE-xy
chromaticity values of red, green, blue and white. The gamut is assumed to have the
characteristic that combining equal amounts of the three primaries (red, green, blue) produces
the chromaticity of white. These values can be encoded according to the gamut CIE-xy
chromaticity values used in VESA ENHANCED EXTENDED DISPLAY IDENTIFICATION DATA
STANDARD (Defines EDID Structure Version 1, Revision 4). The description includes eight
values (CIE-xy chromaticity values for each red, green, blue and white) with 10-bit fixed point
form in the range of 0.0-1.0. These display primary and the white point CIE-xy chromaticity
values should be measured in such a way as to minimize the contribution from the display
black. In addition to VESA-EDID format, the information of White Absolute Luminance (WAL)
and Black Level Ratio (BLR) are included. WAL value is defined in cd/m and denoted as Y ,
W
and encoded into 16-bit unsigned integer form. BLR is defined as Equation (1), and encoded
into 16-bit fixed point form in the range of 0.0-1.0.
BLR=(Y Y ) (1)
K W
where
Y is the luminance of black shown in Figure 1;
K
Y is the luminance of white shown in Figure 1.
W
Table 1 shows the total metadata which includes the VESA–EDID compatible CIE-xy
chromaticity values of red, green, blue and white and BLR and WAL value. The total size of
this format is 14 B.
Table 1 – Simple metadata format for identification of colour gamut
Byte# Size Colour Description
hex B characteristic
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Red_x, Red_y,
Green_x,
00 1 Rx1 Rx0 Ry1 Ry0 Gx1 Gx0 Gy1 Gy0
Green_y
bits1 & bits0
Blue_x, Blue_y,
White_x,
01 1 Bx1 Bx0 By1 By0 Wx1 Wx0 Wy1 Wy1
White_y
bits1 & bits0
02 1 Red_x bit9 – bit2 Rx9 Rx8 Rx7 Rx6 Rx5 Rx4 Rx3 Rx2
03 1 Red_y bit9 – bit2 Ry9 Ry8 Ry7 Ry6 Ry5 Ry4 Ry3 Ry2

– 8 – IEC 61966-12-2:2014 © IEC 2014
Byte# Size Colour Description
hex B characteristic
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Green_x bit9 –
04 1 Gx9 Gx8 Gx7 Gx6 Gx5 Gx4 Gx3 Gx2
bit2
Green_y bit9 –
05 1 Gy9 Gy8 Gy7 Gy6 Gy5 Gy4 Gy3 Gy2
bit2
Blue_x bit9 –
06 1 Bx9 Bx8 Bx7 Bx6 Bx5 Bx4 Bx3 Bx2
bit2
Blue_y bit9 –
07 1 By9 By8 By7 By6 By5 By4 By3 By2
bit2
White_x bit9 –
08 1 Wx9 Wx8 Wx7 Wx6 Wx5 Wx4 Wx3 Wx2
bit2
White_y bit9 –
09 1 Wy9 Wy8 Wy7 Wy6 Wy5 Wy4 Wy3 Wy2
bit2
White Absolute
Luminance
0A 1 bit15 – bit8 WAL15 WAL14 WAL13 WAL12 WAL11 WAL10 WAL9 WAL8
(16 bit unsigned
integer)
White Absolute
Luminance
0B 1 bit7 – bit0 WAL7 WAL6 WAL5 WAL4 WAL3 WAL2 WAL1 WAL0
(16 bit unsigned
integer)
Black Level
Ratio bit15 - bit8
0C 1 BLR15 BLR14 BLR13 BLR12 BLR11 BLR10 BLR9 BLR8
(16 bit fixed
point)
Black Level
Ratio bit7 - bit0
0D 1 BLR7 BLR6 BLR5 BLR4 BLR3 BLR2 BLR1 BLR0
(16 bit fixed
point)
Y
White
Green
Y
W
Red
Blue
Black
X
Y
K
Z
IEC  0982/14
Figure 1 – The colour gamut of additive three primary colours type display

5 Relationship with IEC 61966-12-1
A content gamut is usually smaller than a colour encoding gamut of today’s extended-gamut
colour space such as IEC 61966-2-4 xvYCC. If there is no description of an actual colour
gamut for some content, it is possible that gamut mapping will use the colour encoding gamut
as the content gamut, which can cause some problems. IEC 61966-12-1: “The Gamut ID
metadata” solves this problem by associating an explicit description of an actual content
gamut to contents. IEC 61966-12-1 has a full, medium and simple profile.
The full profile and the medium profile have high flexibility for describing 3D-shapes of
complicated content gamuts in a colour space as shown in Figure 2. As a consequence
IEC 61966-12-1 full / medium profiles are well suited for some professional use. In addition,
the IEC 61966-12-1 provides simple profile formats that are limited to three primary type
colour gamuts, as shown in Figure 3.
However, the IEC 61966-12-1 simple profile is 77 B and still large for the CE devices. This
standard is therefore limited to the CIE-xy chromaticity values of additive three primary colour
gamuts and has a reduced size of 14 B.
Encoding gamut xvYCC
Contents gamut
Sink gamut
Video
contents
IEC  0983/14
Figure 2 – IEC 61966-12-1 full/medium profile
Sink gamut
Video
Video
contents
Cont ents
IEC  0984/14
Figure 3 – IEC 61966-12-1 simple profile and IEC 61966-12-2

– 10 – IEC 61966-12-2:2014 © IEC 2014
Table 2 – Differences of IEC 61966-12-1 simple profile and IEC 61966-12-2
IEC 61966-12-1 simple profile IEC 61966-12-2
Size 77 B (Header: 17 B 14 B
+ Gamut description: 60 B) (Gamut description only)
Coordinate's format – CIE-XYZ tristimulus values of 5 colours – CIE-xy chromaticity values of four
(red, green, blue, white, black) colours (red, green, blue, white)
– s15Fixed16Number – VESA–EDID compatible
(see ICC profiles in ISO 15076-1:2005)
– 16-bit unsigned integer form
– 16-bit fixed point form in the range
of 0.0-1.0
Annex A
(informative)
Conversion from IEC 61966-12-2 to
IEC 61966-12-1 simple profile
IEC 61966-12-2 can be converted to the IEC 61966-12-1 simple profile. This annex shows an
example of the conversion method. The conversion equations calculate five CIE-XYZ tri-
stimulus values of red, green, blue, white and black colour vertices from four CIE-xy
chromaticity values of the red, green, blue and white colour vertices, WAL and BLR values. It
should be noted that the inverse conversion cannot be uniquely defined when the additivity
rule of the three primary colours mixture is not guaranteed.
x and y are xy coordinates of colours described in IEC 61966-12-2. X , Y and Z are
i i i i i
XYZ coordinates of IEC 61966-12-1 simple profile. In both coordinate systems, i = R,G,B,W,
or K which denotes red, green, blue, white or black colour vertices.
The conversion process has the following four steps:
a) In the first step, (XYZ) values for white colour are calculated. Here, absolute Y value
W
information from IEC 61966-12-2 should be used. We can calculate (XYZ) values using
Yw value and xy chromaticity coordinates for white colour as Equation (A.1).
x
 
W
 
X 
W
y
W
 
 
Y =Y 1 (A.1)
W W 
 
1−x − y
 W W
 
Z
W
 
 
y
W
 
b) In the second step, (XYZ) values for black colour are calculated. First, Y can be obtained
K
from Y and BLR values as Equation (A.2).
W
Y = BLR×Y (A.2)
K W
Then, (XYZ) values of black can be Y and xy chromaticity coordinates can be calculated
K
as Equation (A.3) for we assume black colour has the same chromaticity as white.
x
 
W
 
X
 
K y
W
 
 
(A.3)
Y =Y 1
K K 
 
1−x − y
W W
 
 
Z
K
 
 
y
W
 
c) Then in the third step, assuming additive three primary colours, Y values for red, green
and blue colours without the offset value by black are estimated using the calculated value
of white and black colours as Equation (A.4). Here, −1 denotes the inverse of the 3 × 3
matrix.
– 12 – IEC 61966-12-2:2014 © IEC 2014
−1
x x x
 
R G B
 
Y Y X −X
 −   
R K y y y W K
R G B
 
   
Y Y Y Y (A.4)
− = 1 1 1 −
G K   W K
   
1−x − y 1−x − y 1−x − y
R R G G B B
 
   
Y Y
− Z −Z
B K W K
   
 
y y y
R G B
 
d) In the last step, (XYZ) values of red, green and blue colours are calculated using the
estimated luminance of each colour in step two, and then black offset values are added as
shown in Equations (A.5), (A.6) and (A.7).
 x 
R
 
X  X 
R y K
R
 
   
Y = 1 (Y −Y )+ Y (A.5)
R   R K K
   
1−x − y
 R R
   
Z Z
 R  K
 
y
R
 
 x 
G
 
X  X 
G y K
G
 
   
Y = 1 (Y −Y )+ Y (A.6)
G   G K K
   
1−x − y
 G G
   
Z Z
 G  K
 
y
G
 
 x 
B
 
X X 
 
B y K
B
 
   
Y = 1 (Y −Y )+ Y (A.7)
B   B K K
   
1−x − y
 B B
   
Z Z
 B  K
 
y
B
 
At this step, all five CIE-XYZ tri-stimulus values of red, green, blue, white and black colour
vertices which are needed in the IEC 61966-12-1 simple profile are defined. Each (XYZ) value
should be encoded into s15Fixed16Number format.

Annex B
(informative)
Example of simple metadata format and
conversion to IEC 61966-12-1 simple profile

This annex provides an example of the simple metadata format. This example describes the
theoretical gamut of IEC 61966-2-5 opRGB and the encoded data. Table B.1 shows the
CIE-xy chromaticity coordinates for four colour vertices: white, red, green, blue of opRGB
colour space.
Table B.1 – Colour gamut for IEC 61966-2-5 opRGB
CIE-x CIE-y
White 0,312 7 0,329 0
Red 0,640 0 0,330 0
Green 0,210 0 0,710 0
Blue 0,150 0 0,060 0
2 2
White absolute luminance values of white and black level are160 cd/m and 0,4 cd/m .
The simple metadata format calculated from the chromaticity values CIE-xy coordinates for
the above four colour vertices is shown in Table B.2. The xy chromaticity values for red, green,
blue and white colour vertices are encoded into fixed 10 bit values. The white absolute
luminance is encoded into a 16-bit unsigned integer form and the black level ratio is encoded
into a 16-bit fixed point form in the range of 0.0-1.0.
Table B.2 – Encoded simple metadata format
Byte# Size
Colour characteristic Description
hex B
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
00 1 Red/Green bits1 and bits0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
01 1 Blue/White bits1 and bits0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
02 1 Red_x bit9 to bit2 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
03 1 Red_y bit9 to bit2 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
04 1 Green_x bit9 to bit2 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1
05 1 Green_y bit9 to bit2 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1
06 1 Blue_x bit9 to bit2 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0
07 1 Blue_y bit9 to bit2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
08 1 White_x bit9 to bit2 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
09 1 White_y bit9 to bit2 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
White absolute luminance bit15 - bit8 (16-bit unsigned
0A 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
integer)
White absolute luminance bit7 - bit0 (16-bit unsigned
0B 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
integer)
0C 1 Black level ratio bit15 - bit8 (16-bit fixed point) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0D 1 Black level ratio bit7 - bit0 (16-bit fixed point) 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0

– 14 – IEC 61966-12-2:2014 © IEC 2014
The XYZ tristimulus values for five colour vertices: white, black, red, green, blue of opRGB
colour space can be decoded according to Annex A (see Table B.3).
Table B.3 – Conversion result to CIE-XYZ values for five colour vertices
CIE-X CIE-Y CIE-Z
White 151,928 783 160,000 000 174,243 323
Black 0,380 193 0,400 391 0,436 034
Red 92,156 976 47,760 013 4,779 668
Green 30,047 025 100,715 680 11,750 826
Blue 30,485 168 12,325 089 158,584 898

The resultant converted Gamut ID metadata in the simple profile of IEC 61966-12-1 format is
shown below. This format includes three headers described in Table B.4, Table B.5, and
Table B.6 and CIE XYZ tristimulus values of five colours in Table B.7. These XYZ values are
basically the same values as in Table B.3, and encoded into s15Fixed 16Number format.
Table B.4 – Example for the header
Byte # Size Symbols Description Values
hex B
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
00 1 N, P 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1
R
01 1 0h00
Byte # of start of the description of gamut
ID_G
geometry
02 1 0h09
03 1 0h00
Byte # of start of the description of colour
ID_E
reproduction
04 1 0h00
05 1 0h00
Reserved. Shall be zero.
06 1 0h00
07 1 0h00
Reserved. Shall be zero.
08 1 0h00
Table B.5 – Example for the header of description of gamut geometry
Byte # Size Symbol Description Values
hex B
09 1 0h00
ID_V Byte # of start of vertices
0A 1 0h0D
0B 1 Reserved 0h00
0C 1 Reserved 0h00
ID_PROFILE
ID_PRECISION
ID_GBD_SPACE
Table B.6 – Example of definition of vertices
Byte # Size Symbol Description Values
hex B
0D 1 0h00
V Total number of vertices
0E 1 0h05
0F 1 0h00
R Shall be zero
10 1 0h00
See Table D.5
3V encoded colour space coordinates
=60
3VN /8
11 of IEC 61966-
 
defining V vertices
1:2011
Table B.7 – Example of encoded colour space coordinates for vertices
Byte # Value Description
hex hex
11 00
12 97
White X
13 ED
14 C4
15 00
16 A0
White Y
17 00
18 00
19 00
1A AE
White Z
1B 3E
1C 4A
1D 00
1E 00
Black X
1F 61
20 54
21 00
22 00
Black Y
23 66
24 80
25 00
26 00
Black Z
27 6F
28 9F
29 00
2A 5C
Red X
2B 28
2C 2F
2D 00
2E 2F Red Y
2F C2
– 16 – IEC 619
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