IEC 63057:2020

IEC 63057 ®
Edition 1.0 2020-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes – Safety requirements for secondary lithium batteries for use
in road vehicles not for the propulsion

Accumulateurs alcalins et autres accumulateurs à électrolyte non acide –
Exigences de sécurité pour les batteries d'accumulateurs au lithium destinées
à être utilisées dans les véhicules routiers, mais non destinées à la propulsion

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IEC 63057 ®
Edition 1.0 2020-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid

electrolytes – Safety requirements for secondary lithium batteries for use

in road vehicles not for the propulsion

Accumulateurs alcalins et autres accumulateurs à électrolyte non acide –

Exigences de sécurité pour les batteries d'accumulateurs au lithium destinées

à être utilisées dans les véhicules routiers, mais non destinées à la propulsion

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.220.30 ISBN 978-2-8322-7733-1

– 2 – IEC 63057:2020 © IEC 2020
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Parameter measurement tolerances . 8
5 General safety considerations . 9
5.1 General . 9
5.2 Insulation and wiring . 9
5.3 Venting . 9
5.4 Temperature/voltage/current . 9
5.5 Terminal contacts of the battery . 10
5.6 Assembly of battery . 10
5.6.1 General . 10
5.6.2 Battery design . 10
5.7 Requirements for the BMS . 10
5.8 Operating region of lithium cells and battery for safe use . 11
5.9 Quality plan . 11
6 Type test conditions . 11
6.1 General . 11
6.2 Test items . 12
7 Specific requirements and tests . 12
7.1 Specific requirements and tests for automotive battery . 12
7.1.1 General . 12
7.1.2 Charging procedure for test purposes . 12
7.1.3 Mechanical shock [intended use] . 12
7.1.4 Vibration [intended use] . 13
7.1.5 Thermal cycling [intended use] . 13
7.1.6 Overcharge [reasonably foreseeable misuse] . 14
7.1.7 Overdischarge [reasonably foreseeable misuse] . 14
7.1.8 External short-circuit [reasonably foreseeable misuse] . 15
7.1.9 Drop [reasonably foreseeable misuse] . 15
7.1.10 Thermal abuse [reasonably foreseeable misuse] . 15
7.1.11 Crush [reasonably foreseeable misuse] . 16
7.2 Specific requirements and tests for moped and motorcycle battery . 16
7.2.1 General . 16
7.2.2 Charging procedure for test purposes . 16
7.2.3 Mechanical shock [intended use] . 17
7.2.4 Vibration [intended use] . 17
7.2.5 Thermal cycling [intended use] . 18
7.2.6 Overcharge [reasonably foreseeable misuse] . 18
7.2.7 Overdischarge [reasonably foreseeable misuse] . 19
7.2.8 External short-circuit [reasonably foreseeable misuse] . 19
7.2.9 Drop [reasonably foreseeable misuse] . 20
7.2.10 Thermal abuse [reasonably foreseeable misuse] . 20
8 Information for safety . 20
Bibliography . 21

Figure 1 – Examples of BMS locations and battery configurations . 11
Figure 2 – Dimensions of the crush plate . 16

Table 1 – Type tests . 12
Table 2 – Mechanical shock test – parameters . 13
Table 3 – Frequency and acceleration . 13
Table 4 – Mechanical shock test – parameters (gross mass of the battery less
than 12 kg) . 17
Table 5 – Mechanical shock test – parameters (gross mass of the battery of 12 kg or

more) . 17
Table 6 – Frequency and acceleration (gross mass of the battery less than 12 kg) . 18
Table 7 – Frequency and acceleration (gross mass of the battery of 12 kg or more) . 18

– 4 – IEC 63057:2020 © IEC 2020
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE
OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES –
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY LITHIUM
BATTERIES FOR USE IN ROAD VEHICLES
NOT FOR THE PROPULSION
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC
Publication(s)"). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
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with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
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interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
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between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
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services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 63057 has been prepared by subcommittee 21A: Secondary cells
and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes, of IEC technical committee 21:
Secondary cells and batteries.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
21A/715/FDIS 21A/719/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
– 6 – IEC 63057:2020 © IEC 2020
SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING ALKALINE
OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES –
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY LITHIUM
BATTERIES FOR USE IN ROAD VEHICLES
NOT FOR THE PROPULSION
1 Scope
This document specifies safety tests and requirements for secondary lithium batteries
permanently installed in road vehicles not for the propulsion. Replacement secondary
batteries permanently installed in road vehicles not for propulsion are covered by this
document.
The following are typical applications that utilize the batteries under the scope of this
document: a power source for the starting of internal combustion engines, lighting, on-board
auxiliary equipment, and energy absorption for regeneration from braking.
This document applies to batteries with a maximum voltage less than or equal to 60 V DC.
The batteries primarily used for propulsion of electric vehicles (EVs), including battery electric
vehicles (BEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs)
are not covered by this document.
NOTE Testing on cell level is specified in IEC 62619.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
IEC 60050-482, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 482: Primary and
secondary cells and batteries (available at http://www.electropedia.org/)
IEC 62619:2017, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes – Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries, for use in
industrial applications
ISO/IEC Guide 51, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-482,
ISO/IEC Guide 51 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp

3.1
battery
unit comprising one or more cells, modules and a battery management system
3.2
battery management system
BMS
set of protection functions associated with a battery to prevent overcharge, overcurrent, over
temperature, under temperature and if applicable overdischarge
Note 1 to entry: The function of the BMS can be assigned to the battery or to the vehicle that uses the battery.
See Figure 1.
Note 2 to entry: The BMS can be divided and it can be found partially in the battery and partially on the
equipment that uses the battery. See Figure 1.
Note 3 to entry: The BMS is sometimes also referred to as a BMU (battery management unit).
Note 4 to entry: This term applies to the French language only.
3.3
cell
secondary cell where electrical energy is derived from the insertion or extraction reactions of
lithium ions or oxidation/reduction reaction of lithium between the negative electrode and the
positive electrode
Note 1 to entry: The cell typically has an electrolyte that consists of a lithium salt and organic solvent compound
in liquid, gel or solid form and has a metal or a laminate film casing. It is not ready for use in an application
because it is not yet fitted with its final housing, terminal arrangement and electronic control device.
3.4
cell block
group of cells connected together in parallel configuration with or without protective devices
(e.g. fuse or positive temperature coefficient device) and monitoring circuitry
Note 1 to entry: It is not ready for use in an application because it is not yet fitted with its final housing, terminal
arrangement and electronic control device.
3.5
explosion
failure that occurs when a battery case opens violently, and solid components are forcibly
expelled
Note 1 to entry: Liquid, gas, and smoke can be erupted.
3.6
final voltage
specified closed circuit voltage at which the discharge of a battery is terminated
Note 1 to entry: The final voltage should be declared by the battery manufacturer.
3.7
fire
emission of flames from a battery
3.8
harm
physical injury or damage to the health of people or damage to property or to the environment
3.9
hazard
potential source of harm
– 8 – IEC 63057:2020 © IEC 2020
3.10
intended use
use of a product, process or service in accordance with specifications, instructions and
information provided by the battery manufacturer
3.11
leakage
visible escape of liquid electrolyte
3.12
module
group of cells connected together in a series and/or parallel configuration with or without
protective devices (e.g. fuse or positive temperature coefficient device) and monitoring
circuitry
3.13
rated capacity
capacity value of a battery determined under specified conditions and declared by the battery
manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: The rated capacity is the quantity of electricity Cn Ah (ampere-hours) declared by the battery
manufacturer which a battery can deliver during an n h period when charging, storing and discharging under the
conditions specified in IEC 62620:2014, 6.3.1.
3.14
reasonably foreseeable misuse
use of a product, process or service in a way which is not intended by the battery
manufacturer, but which can result from readily predictable human behaviour
3.15
risk
combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm
3.16
rupture
mechanical failure of a cell container or battery case induced by an internal or external cause,
resulting in exposure or spillage but not ejection of materials
3.17
safety
freedom from unacceptable risk
3.18
venting
release of excessive internal pressure from a cell, module, or battery in a manner intended by
design to preclude rupture or explosion
4 Parameter measurement tolerances
The overall accuracy of controlled or measured values, relative to the specified or actual
values, shall be within the following tolerances unless otherwise noted in the individual test
procedure:
a) ±0,5 % for voltage;
b) ±1 % for current;
c) ±2 °C for temperature;
d) ±0,1 % for time;
e) ±1 % for dimensions
f) ±1 % for mass.
These tolerances comprise the combined accuracy of the measuring instruments, the
measurement techniques used, and all other sources of error in the test procedure.
The details of the instrumentation used shall be provided in any report of results.
5 General safety considerations
5.1 General
The safety of lithium secondary batteries requires the consideration of two sets of applied
conditions:
1) intended use;
2) reasonably foreseeable misuse.
Batteries shall be so designed and constructed that they are safe under conditions of both
intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse.
It is expected that batteries subjected to misuse can fail to function. However, even if such a
situation occurs, they shall not present any significant hazards.
Potential hazards which are the subject of this document are:
a) fire,
b) explosion.
Conformity with 5.1 to 5.7 is checked by the tests of Clauses 6 and 7, and in accordance with
the appropriate standard.
5.2 Insulation and wiring
Wiring and its insulation shall be sufficient to withstand the maximum anticipated voltage,
current, and temperature requirements. The design of wiring shall be such that adequate
clearances and creepage distances are maintained between conductors. The mechanical
integrity of the battery and its connections shall be sufficient to accommodate conditions of
reasonably foreseeable misuse.
5.3 Venting
The casing of the battery shall incorporate a pressure relief function that will preclude rupture
or explosion. If encapsulation is used to support cells within an outer case, the type of
encapsulant and the method of encapsulation shall neither cause the battery to overheat
during normal operation nor inhibit pressure relief.
5.4 Temperature/voltage/current
The design of batteries shall be such that abnormal temperature-rise conditions are prevented.
The battery shall be designed within voltage, current, and temperature limitations specified by
the cell manufacturer. The battery shall be provided with specifications and charge
instructions for vehicle manufacturer or battery-charger manufacturer so that associated
chargers are designed to maintain charging within the voltage, current and temperature limits
specified.
NOTE Where necessary, means can be provided to limit current or voltage to safe levels during charging and
discharging.
– 10 – IEC 63057:2020 © IEC 2020
5.5 Terminal contacts of the battery
Terminals shall have clear polarity marking(s) on the external surface of the battery, and the
polarity marking(s) should be located near the terminal in order to be understood easily.
The size and shape of the terminal contacts shall ensure that they can carry the maximum
anticipated current. External terminal contact surfaces shall be formed from conductive
materials with good mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. Terminal contacts shall be
arranged so as to minimize the risk of short-circuits (caused by metal tools, for example).
5.6 Assembly of battery
5.6.1 General
• The battery should have an independent control and protection method.
• The cell manufacturer shall provide recommendations about current, voltage and
temperature limits so that the battery manufacturer or designer can ensure proper design
and assembly.
• Protective circuit components should be added as appropriate, and consideration given to
the vehicle.
5.6.2 Battery design
The voltage control function of the battery design shall ensure that the voltage of each cell or
cell block shall not exceed the upper limit of the charging voltage specified by the cell
manufacturer, except in the case where the vehicle system provides an equivalent voltage
control function.
The following should be considered at battery level and by the battery manufacturer:
For a battery that has several series-connected cells or modules, it is recommended that the
voltages of any one of the single cells or cell blocks do not exceed the upper limit of the
charging voltage, specified by the cell manufacturer, by monitoring the voltage of every single
cell or cell block.
5.7 Requirements for the BMS
The BMS evaluates the condition of cells and batteries, and it maintains cells and batteries
within the specified cell operating region. Key factors of the cell operating region are voltage,
temperature and current for charging and discharging.
The functions of the BMS can be incorporated into the battery or into the vehicle that uses the
battery. The BMS can also be divided so that it can be found partially in the battery and
partially in the vehicle that uses the battery (see Figure 1).

a) All functions of BMS are in the battery b) BMS functions are divided between
battery and vehicle side
Figure 1 – Examples of BMS locations and battery configurations
A hazard analysis and risk assessment in accordance with Clause 8 of IEC 62619:2017 shall
be conducted on the battery and BMS combination.
5.8 Operating region of lithium cells and battery for safe use
Cells shall comply with the cell criteria outlined in IEC 62619:2017. The cell manufacturer
shall specify the cell's operating region. The battery manufacturer shall design the battery to
comply with the cell's operating region. Determination of the cell's operating region is
explained in Annex A of IEC 62619:2017.
5.9 Quality plan
The battery manufacturer shall prepare and implement a quality plan that defines procedures
for the inspection of materials, components, cells, modules, and batteries and which covers
the whole process of producing each type of cell, module, and battery (e.g. ISO 9001). The
battery manufacturer should understand their process capabilities and should institute the
necessary process controls as they relate to product safety.
6 Type test conditions
6.1 General
A battery that is used outside of its operating region can exhibit hazards resulting from that
battery. Such risks have to be taken into consideration in order to prepare a safe test plan.
The test facility should have a sufficient structural integrity and a fire suppression system to
sustain the conditions of overpressure, fire and electrolyte leakage that can occur as a result
of testing. The facility should have a ventilation system to remove and capture gas that might
be produced during the tests. Consideration should be given to high-voltage hazards when
applicable.
Warning: THESE TESTS USE PROCEDURES THAT MAY RESULT IN HARM IF ADEQUATE PRECAUTIONS
ARE NOT TAKEN. TESTS SHOULD ONLY BE PERFORMED BY QUALIFIED AND EXPERIENCED
TECHNICIANS USING ADEQUATE PROTECTION. TO PREVENT BURNS, CAUTION SHOULD BE
TAKEN FOR THOSE BATTERIES WHOSE CASINGS MAY EXCEED 75 °C AS A RESULT OF
TESTING.
– 12 – IEC 63057:2020 © IEC 2020
6.2 Test items
Tests are made with the number of batteries specified in Table 1, using batteries that are not
more than six months old. Batteries charged by the method specified in 7.1 shall deliver the
rated capacity or more when they are discharged at 25 °C ± 5 °C down to a specified final
voltage at a constant current of 0,2 I A. This capacity confirmation may be done by the
t
battery manufacturer. The battery capacity may be calculated on the basis of the cell capacity
measurement.
Unless otherwise specified, tests are carried out in an ambient temperature of 25 °C ± 5 °C.
Table 1 – Type tests
Test Automotive application Moped and motorcycle application
Subclause Battery Subclause Battery
Mechanical shock 7.1.3 Y 7.2.3 Y
Vibration 7.1.4 Y 7.2.4 Y
Thermal cycling 7.1.5 Y 7.2.5 Y
Overcharge 7.1.6 Y 7.2.6 Y
Overdischarge 7.1.7 Y 7.2.7 Y
External short-circuit 7.1.8 Y 7.2.8 Y
Drop 7.1.9 Y 7.2.9 Y
Thermal abuse 7.1.10 Y 7.2.10 Y
Crush 7.1.11 Y – –
NOTE "Y" indicates that the test is required: the sample number is at least one.

7 Specific requirements and tests
7.1 Specific requirements and tests for automotive battery
7.1.1 General
Subclause 7.1 specifies the test procedure and requirements for an automotive battery.
7.1.2 Charging procedure for test purposes
Prior to charging, the battery shall be discharged at 25 °C ± 5 °C at a constant current of
0,2 I A, down to the final voltage specified by the battery manufacturer.
t
Unless otherwise stated in this document, batteries shall be charged, in an ambient
temperature of 25 °C ± 5 °C, using the method declared by the battery manufacturer.
7.1.3 Mechanical shock [intended use]
a) Requirements
An impact to the battery as specified in Table 2 shall not cause a fire or an explosion.
b) Test
Step 1 – The battery shall be fully charged in accordance with 7.1.2.
Step 2 – The battery shall be subjected to the mechanical shock parameters shown in
Table 2. Acceleration from the shock in the test shall be applied in the same direction as
the acceleration of the shock that occurs in the vehicle. If the direction of the effect is not
known, the battery shall be tested in all six spatial directions.

The test shall end with an observation period of 1 h at the ambient temperature conditions
of the test environment.
Table 2 – Mechanical shock test – parameters
Parameter Value
Pulse shape half-sinusoidal
Acceleration 500 m/s
Duration 6 ms
Number of shocks 10 per test direction

If more severe test parameters are requested by the vehicle manufacturer, such test
conditions can be applied.
c) Acceptance criteria
No fire, no explosion.
7.1.4 Vibration [intended use]
a) Requirements
Vibration to the battery as specified in Table 3 shall not cause a fire or an explosion.
b) Test
Step 1 – The battery shall be fully charged in accordance with 7.1.2.
Step 2 – The battery shall be subjected to a vibration having a sinusoidal waveform with a
logarithmic sweep between 7 Hz and 50 Hz and back to 7 Hz traversed in 15 min. This
cycle shall be repeated 12 times for a total of 3 h in the same direction as the acceleration
of the shock that occurs in the vehicle. If the direction of the effect is not known, the
battery shall be tested in X, Y and Z directions. The correlation between frequency and
acceleration shall be as shown in Table 3.
The test shall end with an observation period of 1 h at the ambient temperature conditions
of the test environment.
Table 3 – Frequency and acceleration
Frequency, f
Acceleration
Hz
7 ≤ f < 18 10 m/s
18 ≤ f < 30 Gradually reduced from 10 to 2 m/s
30 ≤ f < 50 2 m/s
At the request of the vehicle manufacturer, a higher acceleration level as well as a higher
maximum frequency can be used.
c) Acceptance criteria
No fire, no explosion.
7.1.5 Thermal cycling [intended use]
a) Requirements
Rapid temperature changes shall not cause a fire or an explosion.

– 14 – IEC 63057:2020 © IEC 2020
b) Test
Step 1 – The battery shall be fully charged in accordance with 7.1.2.
Step 2 – The battery shall be stored for at least 6 h at a test temperature equal to
60 °C ± 2 °C or higher if requested by the vehicle manufacturer, followed by storage for at
least 6 h at a test temperature equal to −40 °C ± 2 °C or lower if requested by the vehicle
manufacturer. The maximum time interval between test temperature extremes shall be
30 min. This procedure shall be repeated until a minimum of five total cycles are
completed, after which the battery shall be stored for 24 h at an ambient temperature of
25 °C ± 5 °C.
The test shall end with an observation period of 1 h at the ambient temperature conditions
of the test environment.
c) Acceptance criteria
No fire, no explosion.
7.1.6 Overcharge [reasonably foreseeable misuse]
a) Requirements
Overcharging the battery shall not cause a fire or an explosion.
b) Test
Step 1 – The battery shall be fully charged in accordance with 7.1.2.
Step 2 – The battery shall be charged with charge current of at least 1/3 I A but not
t
exceeding the maximum charging current within the normal operating range as specified
by the battery manufacturer. The charging shall be continued until the operation of the
protection function of the battery interrupts or limits the charging. If there is no such
function, the charging shall be continued until the voltage of the tested device reaches
200 % of the maximum voltage specified by the battery manufacturer.
The test shall end with an observation period of 1 h at the ambient temperature conditions
of the test environment.
c) Acceptance criteria
No fire, no explosion.
7.1.7 Overdischarge [reasonably foreseeable misuse]
a) Requirements
Overdischarging and the subsequent recharging of the battery shall not cause a fire or an
explosion.
b) Test
Step 1 – The battery shall be fully charged in accordance with 7.1.2.
Step 2 – The battery shall then be discharged in the same ambient temperature at 1 I A to
t
the final voltage specified by the battery manufacturer.
Step 3 – The battery shall then be discharged with constant current of 1 I A. The
t
discharging shall be continued until the operation of the protection function of the battery
interrupts or limits the discharging. If there is no such function, the discharging shall be
continued for 90 min. If the voltage in discharge reaches the target voltage shown below
within the test period, the voltage shall be kept at the target voltage by reducing the
current for the remaining test period. The target voltage is determined as follows:
U = −U
t lim
where
U is the target voltage;
t
U is the upper limit charging voltage specified by the battery manufacturer.
lim
Step 4 – The battery shall then be recharged using the method declared by the battery
manufacturer if the protective function of battery cannot prevent recharging. The charging

shall be continued until the voltage of the test device reaches the maximum voltage
specified by the battery manufacturer. The maximum charging time is 3 h.
The test shall end with an observation period of 1 h at the ambient temperature conditions
of the test environment.
c) Acceptance criteria
No fire, no explosion.
7.1.8 External short-circuit [reasonably foreseeable misuse]
a) Requirements
Short-circuit between the positive and negative terminals shall not cause a fire or an
explosion.
b) Test
Step 1 – The battery shall be fully charged in accordance with 7.1.2.
Step 2 – The positive and negative terminals of the tested-device shall be connected to
each other to produce a short-circuit. The connection used for this purpose shall have a
resistance not exceeding 5 mΩ. The short-circuit condition shall be continued until the
operation of the protection function of battery to interrupt or limit the short-circuit current is
confirmed, or for at least 1 h after the temperature measured on the battery surface has
stabilized, such that the temperature gradient varies by less than 4 °C during this 1 h.
c) Acceptance criteria
No fire, no explosion.
7.1.9 Drop [reasonably foreseeable misuse]
a) Requirements
Dropping the battery shall not cause a fire or an explosion.
b) Test
Step 1 – The battery shall be fully charged in accordance with 7.1.2.
Step 2 – The battery shall be dropped three times from a height of 100,0 cm ± 5,0 cm
onto a flat concrete or metal floor. In the case of a metal floor, external short-circuits of
the battery with the floor should be avoided by appropriate measures. The battery is
dropped so as to obtain impacts in random orientations.
Step 3 – After the test, the test units shall be put on rest for a minimum of 1 h and then a
visual inspection shall be performed.
c) Acceptance criteria
No fire, no explosion.
7.1.10 Thermal abuse [reasonably foreseeable misuse]
a) Requirements
An elevated temperature exposure shall not cause a fire or an explosion.
b) Test
Step 1 – The battery shall be fully charged in accordance with 7.1.2.
Step 2 – The battery shall be placed in an oven. The oven temperature shall be raised at a
rate of 5 °C/min ± 2 °C/min to a temperature of 85 °C ± 5 °C.
Step 3 – The battery shall remain at this temperature for 3 h before removal from the heat.
The test shall end with an observation period of 1 h at the ambient temperature conditions
of the test environment.
c) Acceptance criteria
No fire, no explosion.
– 16 – IEC 63057:2020 © IEC 2020
7.1.11 Crush [reasonably foreseeable misuse]
a) Requirements
Contact force to the battery as mentioned below shall not cause a fire or an explosion.
b) Test
If vehicle structures surrounding the battery are specified by the vehicle manufacturer, the
vehicle structures may be included in the test.
Step 1 – The battery shall be fully charged in accordance with 7.1.2.
Step 2 – The battery shall be crushed between a resistance and a crush plate as
described in Figure 2 with a force of at least 100 kN, but not exceeding 105 kN, with an
onset time of less than 3 min and a hold time of at least 100 ms but not exceeding 10 s.
The force for the crushing shall be applied in the same direction as the acceleration of the
shock that occurs in the vehicle. If the direction of the effect is not known, the battery shall
be tested in all six spatial directions. A higher crush force, a longer onset time, a longer
hold time, or a combination of these, may be applied at the request of the vehicle
manufacturer.
The test shall end with an observation period of 1 h at the ambient temperature conditions
of the test environment.
Dimensions in millimetres
Dimensions of the crush plate: 600 mm × 600 mm area of the battery under test.
Figure 2 – Dimensions of the crush plate
c) Acceptance criteria
No fire, no explosion.
7.2 Specific requirements and tests for moped and motorcycle battery
7.2.1 General
Subclause 7.2 specifies the test procedure and requirements for a moped and motorcycle
battery.
7.2.2 Charging procedure for test purposes
Prior to charging, the battery shall be discharged at 25 °C ± 5 °C at a constant current of
0,2 I A, down to the final voltage specified by the battery manufacturer.
t
Unless otherwise stated in this document, batteries shall be charged, in an ambient
temperature of 25 °C ± 5 °C, using the method declared by the battery manufacturer.

7.2.3 Mechanical shock [intended use]
a) Requirements
An impact to the battery as specified in Table 4 and Table 5 shall not cause a fire or an
explosion.
b) Test
Step 1 – The battery shall be fully charged in accordance with 7.2.2.
Step 2 – The battery shall be subjected to the mechanical shock parameters shown in
Table 4 or Table 5. Acceleration from the shock in the test shall be applied in the same
direction as the acceleration of the shock that occurs in the vehicle. If the direction of the
effect is not known, the battery shall be tested in all six spatial directions.
The test shall end with an observation period of 1 h at the ambient temperature conditions
of the test environment.
Table 4 – Mechanical shock test – parameters
(gross mass of the battery less than 12 kg)
Parameter Value
Pulse shape half-sinusoidal
Acceleration 1500 m/s
Duration 6 ms
Number of shocks 3 per test direction

Table 5 – Mechanical shock test – parameters
(gross mass of the battery of 12 kg or more)
Parameter Value
Pulse shape half-sinusoidal
Acceleration 500 m/s
Duration 11 ms
Number of shocks 3 per test direction

If more severe test parameters are requested by the vehicle manufacturer, such test
conditions may be applied.
c) Acceptance criteria
No fire, no explosion.
7.2.4 Vibration [intended use]
a) Requirements
Vibration to the battery as specified in Table 6 shall not cause a fire or an explosion.
b) Test
Step 1 – The battery shall be fully charged in accordance with 7.2.2.
Step 2
...