ISO/IEC TR 30172:2023

ISO/IEC TR 30172
Edition 1.0 2023-10
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Internet of things (loT) - Digital twin – Use cases

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ISO/IEC TR 30172
Edition 1.0 2023-10
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Internet of things (loT) - Digital twin – Use cases

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 35.020; 35.240 ISBN 978-2-8322-7604-4

– 2 – ISO/IEC TR 30172:2023
© ISO/IEC 2023
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Abbreviated terms . 9
5 Applications . 9
5.1 Application domains . 9
5.2 Life cycle stage coverage. 10
6 Use cases . 10
6.1 Overview. 10
6.2 Properties . 10
6.3 Basic statistics . 11
6.3.1 Use cases by application domain . 11
6.3.2 Use cases by status of life cycle . 13
7 Use case summaries . 14
Annex A (informative) Use case template . 16
A.1 General . 16
A.2 Description of use case . 16
A.2.1 Name of use case . 16
A.2.2 Digital twin application area or context of use . 16
A.2.3 Version management . 17
A.2.4 Basic information to use case . 17
A.2.5 Scope of use case (bullet points) . 18
A.2.6 Objectives of use case (bullet points) . 18
A.2.7 Narrative of use case . 18
A.2.8 Entities which need to be modelled as digital entities in use case . 19
A.2.9 Actors: people, organizations or systems . 19
A.2.10 Life cycle of digital twin system in use case . 20
A.2.11 Key performance indicators (KPIs) of use case . 21
A.2.12 Digital infrastructures . 21
A.2.13 Referenced standards and standardization committees (optional) . 22
A.2.14 Referenced papers or patent (optional) . 22
A.2.15 Relation with other known use cases, for example common
requirements (optional) . 22
A.2.16 General remarks (optional) . 22
A.2.17 Challenges and issues (optional) . 22
A.2.18 Data security, privacy and trustworthiness (optional) . 23
A.2.19 User requirements and interactions with other actors (optional) . 23
A.3 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 23
A.3.1 Drawing of use case . 23
A.3.2 Data flow diagram of use case (optional) . 23
A.3.3 Sequence diagram(s) of use case (optional) . 23
A.3.4 Deployment diagram(s) of use case (optional) . 24
A.3.5 Others (optional) . 24
Annex B (informative) Collected use cases . 25

© ISO/IEC 2023
B.1 Smart building – Smart building operation based on digital twins . 25
B.1.1 Description of use case . 25
B.1.2 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 37
B.2 Industrial smart park – Digital twin based industrial smart park design and
construction . 39
B.2.1 Description of use case . 39
B.2.2 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 46
B.3 Smart city – Digital twin based smart city management system . 49
B.3.1 Description of use case . 49
B.3.2 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 59
B.4 Smart energy – Construction and application of digital twins for a large oil
and gas processing facility . 61
B.4.1 Description of use case . 61
B.4.2 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 73
B.5 Smart building – Monitoring of water . 74
B.5.1 Description of use case . 74
B.5.2 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 82
B.6 Smart Power Grid – Smart grid operation based on a digital twin . 82
B.6.1 Description of use case . 82
B.6.2 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 90
B.7 Smart construction life cycle – Construction-phase digital twin model . 91
B.7.1 Description of use case . 91
B.7.2 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 104
B.8 Smart building – Residential explicit demand response – Consumer
behavioural digital twin for energy demand prediction . 106
B.8.1 Description of use case . 106
B.8.2 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 119
B.9 Smart city - Greater Hobart Digital Twin . 120
B.9.1 Description of use case . 120
B.9.2 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 129
B.10 Smart city - NSW Spatial Digital Twin . 130
B.10.1 Description of use case . 130
B.10.2 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 138
B.11 Transport - Sydney Trains Engineering and Maintenance Digital Twin . 138
B.11.1 Description of use case . 138
B.11.2 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 145
B.12 Transport - TfNSW Infrastructure Delivery Digital Twin . 148
B.12.1 Description of use case . 148
B.12.2 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 155
B.13 Smart energy – From grid planning to grid operation and maintenance,
based on grid digital twin(s) . 157
B.13.1 Description of use case . 157
B.13.2 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 164
B.14 Smart energy – Electrical field level subsystem digital twin, as the basis for
its specification, commissioning, operation and maintenance . 165
B.14.1 Description of use case . 165
B.14.2 Drawings or diagrams depicting the use case . 174
Bibliography . 177

Figure 1 – Distribution of use cases collected in Annex B by application domains . 12

– 4 – ISO/IEC TR 30172:2023
© ISO/IEC 2023
Figure 2 – Statistics on adopted key technologies from use cases in JTC 1/AG 11
report . 13
Figure B.1 – Geometric analysis of safety prevention . 94
Figure B.2 – Identification of close proximity events between heavy machinery. 95
Figure B.3 – Safety training scenario . 95
Figure B.4 – Segmented construction components after voxel space point matching . 96
Figure B.5 – Sample defect predictions . 96
Figure B.6 – On-site defect visualization, defect confirmation, and addition of remedial
work . 97
Figure B.7 – Use cas
...