EN ISO 23953-2:2005

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2006
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Refrigerated display cabinets - Part 2: Classification, requirements and test conditions
(ISO 23953-2:2005)
Verkaufskühlmöbel - Teil 2: Klassifizierung, Anforderungen und Prüfbedingungen (ISO
23953-2:2005)
Meubles frigorifiques de vente - Partie 2: Classification, exigences et méthodes d'essai
(ISO 23953-2:2005)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 23953-2:2005
ICS:
97.130.20
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 23953-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2005
ICS 97.130.20 Supersedes EN 441-2:1994, EN 441-3:1994, EN 441-
4:1994, EN 441-5:1996, EN 441-6:1994, EN 441-7:1994,
EN 441-8:1994, EN 441-9:1994, EN 441-10:1994,
EN 441-11:1994, EN 441-12:1997.
English Version
Refrigerated display cabinets - Part 2: Classification,
requirements and test conditions (ISO 23953-2:2005)
Meubles frigorifiques de vente - Partie 2: Classification, Verkaufskühlmöbel - Teil 2: Klassifizierung, Anforderungen
exigences et méthodes d'essai (ISO 23953-2:2005) und Prüfbedingungen (ISO 23953-2:2005)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 September 2005.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 23953-2:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Foreword
This document (EN ISO 23953-2:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 44 "Household
refrigerating appliances and commercial refrigeration equipment", the secretariat of which is held by UNI, in
collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 86 "Refrigeration and air-conditioning".

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by April 2006.
This document supersedes EN 441-2:1994, EN 441-3:1994, EN 441-4:1994, EN 441-5:1996, EN 441-
6:1994, EN 441-7:1994, EN 441-8:1994, EN 441-9:1994, EN 441-10:1994, EN 441-11:1994, EN 441-
12:1997.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
and United Kingdom.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 23953-2
First edition
2005-10-15
Refrigerated display cabinets —
Part 2:
Classification, requirements and test
conditions
Meubles frigorifiques de vente —
Partie 2: Classification, exigences et méthodes d'essai

Reference number
ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
©
ISO 2005
ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
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ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms. 1
3.1 General. 2
3.2 Compression-type refrigeration systems. 3
3.3 Indirect refrigeration-type systems. 3
4 Requirements . 4
4.1 Construction. 4
4.1.1 General. 4
4.1.2 Materials . 5
4.1.3 Thermal insulation. 6
4.1.4 Refrigerating system . 6
4.1.5 Electrical components. 7
4.1.6 Temperature display. 7
4.2 Operating characteristics . 9
4.2.1 Absence of odour and taste . 9
4.2.2 Classification according to temperature. 9
4.2.3 Defrosting . 9
4.2.4 Water vapour condensation . 10
4.2.5 Energy consumption . 10
5 Tests. 10
5.1 General. 10
5.2 Tests outside test room . 10
5.2.1 Seal test for doors and lids. 10
5.2.2 Linear dimensions, areas and volumes.11
5.3 Tests inside test room. 11
5.3.1 General conditions . 11
5.3.2 Preparation of test cabinet and general test procedures. 20
5.3.3 Temperature test. 41
5.3.4 Water vapour condensation test. 44
5.3.5 Electrical energy consumption test. 45
5.3.6 Heat extraction rate measurement when condensing unit is remote from cabinet. 45
6 Test report . 54
6.1 General. 54
6.2 Tests outside test room . 54
6.2.1 Seal test of doors and lids . 54
6.2.2 Linear dimensions, areas and volumes.55
6.2.3 Test for absence of odour and taste (if applicable) . 55
6.3 Tests inside test room. 55
6.3.1 General test conditions. 55
6.3.2 Cabinet preparation. 56
6.3.3 Temperature test. 56
6.3.4 Water vapour condensation test. 57
6.3.5 Electrical energy consumption test. 57
6.3.6 Heat extraction rate measurement when the condensing unit is remote from the cabinet. 58
7 Marking . 59
7.1 Load limit . 59
7.2 Marking plate. 60
ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
7.3 Information to be supplied by the manufacturer . 60
Annex A (normative) Total display area (TDA) . 62
Annex B (normative) Visibility of products by Arc method (VPA) . 69
Annex C (informative) Comparison between laboratory and in-store conditions . 76
Annex D (informative) Test for absence of odour and taste . 77
Bibliography . 79

iv © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 23953-2 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee
CEN/TC 44, Household refrigerating appliances and commercial refrigeration equipment, in collaboration with
Technical Committee ISO/TC 86, Refrigeration and air-conditioning, Subcommittee SC 7, Testing and rating
of commercial refrigerated display cabinets, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This first edition of ISO 23953-2, together with the first edition of ISO 23953-1, cancels and replaces
ISO 1992-1:1974, ISO 1992-4:1974, ISO 1992-5:1974, ISO 1992-6:1974, ISO 5160-1:1979 and
ISO 5160-2:1980, of which it constitutes a technical revision.
ISO 23953 consists of the following parts, under the general title Refrigerated display cabinets:
⎯ Part 1: Vocabulary
⎯ Part 2: Classification, requirements and test conditions

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 23953-2:2005(E)

Refrigerated display cabinets —
Part 2:
Classification, requirements and test conditions
1 Scope
This part of ISO 23953 specifies requirements for the construction, characteristics and performance of
refrigerated display cabinets used in the sale and display of foodstuffs. It specifies test conditions and
methods for checking that the requirements have been satisfied, as well as classification of the cabinets, their
marking and the list of their characteristics to be declared by the manufacturer. It is not applicable to
refrigerated vending machines or cabinets intended for use in catering or similar non-retail applications; nor
does it cover the choice of the types of foodstuffs chosen to be displayed in the cabinets.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 817, Refrigerants — Designation system
ISO 9050, Glass in building — Determination of light transmittance, solar direct transmittance, total solar
energy transmittance and ultraviolet transmittance, and related glazing factors
ISO 23953-1:2005, Refrigerated display cabinets — Part 1: Vocabulary
IEC 60335-2:89, Safety of household and similar electrical appliance — Part 2: Particular requirements for
commercial refrigerating appliances with an incorporated or remote refrigerant condensing unit
EN 378-2, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 2:
Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation
EN 60335-1, Safety of household and similar electrical appliances — Part 1: General requirements
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 23953-1 and the following symbols
and abbreviated terms apply.
ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
3.1 General
t running time — time during which compressor is running (or solenoid valve is open) or
run
secondary refrigerant is circulating (or solenoid valve is open), within 24 h
t 75 % of the running time between defrosts, excluding the time just after defrost, 0,75 t

run75 run
t stopping time — time during which compressor is not running (or solenoid valve is closed) or
stop
secondary refrigerant is not circulating (or solenoid valve is closed), within 24 h and excluding
defrost time
t defrost time — time during defrost during which compressor is not running (or solenoid valve is
deft
closed) or secondary refrigerant is generally not circulating, within 24 h, but not considered as
stopping time
q mass flow rate of liquid refrigerant or secondary refrigerant in kilograms per second
m
∆t time between two consecutive measuring samples
N number of measuring samples in 24 hours

max
N number of measuring samples during 75 % of the running time period between 2 defrosts,

excluding time just after defrost
n number of defrosts during 24 h
deft
DEC direct electrical energy consumption, in kilowatt hours per 24 h period
REC refrigeration electrical energy consumption, in kilowatt hours per 2 h period, for remote cabinet
RC
for compression-type refrigerating system
REC refrigeration electrical energy consumption, in kilowatt hours per 2 h period, for remote cabinet
RI
for indirect refrigerating system
TEC total energy consumption in kilowatt hours per 24 h period
t relative or percentage running time:
rr
tt
run run
t==
rr
tt+−24t
run stop deft
where tt++t = 24 h
run stop deft
Φ instant heat extraction rate
n
2 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
3.2 Compression-type refrigeration systems
h , h specific enthalpy in kilojoules per kilogram, where state at point 8 corresponds to refrigerant
8 4
outlet, and state at point 4 to refrigerant inlet, of cabinet
θ refrigerant mean temperature at evaporator outlet

θ arithmetic average of evaporator-saturated temperature obtained from pressure p by referring

mrun 7
to table of saturation properties for refrigerant in use — during t , in degrees Celsius
run
θ arithmetic average of evaporator-saturated temperature obtained from pressure p by referring
min 7
to table of saturation properties for refrigerant in use — during the last 10 % of all running
periods, in degrees Celsius
T = θ + 273,18
mrun mrun
3.3 Indirect refrigeration-type systems
θ secondary refrigerant temperature at cabinet inlet, in degrees Celsius
i
θ secondary refrigerant temperature at cabinet outlet, in degrees Celsius
o
θ secondary refrigerant median temperature, in degrees Celsius (θ + θ )/2
i o
θ arithmetic average of the secondary refrigerant median temperature (θ) during t , in
mrun run
degrees Celsius
θ arithmetic average of the secondary refrigerant median temperature (θ) during last 10 % of
min
all running periods, in degrees Celsius
q arithmetic average of the secondary refrigerant mass flow during t , in kilograms per
mrun run
second
c specific heat of secondary refrigerant, in kilojoules per kilogram per degree Celsius at
i
cabinet inlet
c specific heat of the secondary refrigerant, in kilojoules per kilogram per degree Celsius, at
o
cabinet outlet
p − p pressure drop between inlet and outlet of cabinet during t , in newtons per square metre
irun orun run
PEC pumping electrical energy consumption
v specific volume of secondary refrigerant, in cubic metres per kilogram
(simplification: v = const. = 0,001 m /kg)
ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
4 Requirements
4.1 Construction
4.1.1 General
4.1.1.1 Strength and rigidity
The cabinet and its parts shall be constructed with adequate strength and rigidity for normal conditions of
handling, transport and use and attention shall be given to the following:
a) interior fittings, including shelves, baskets, rails, etc. and their supports, shall be sufficiently strong for the
duty required;
b) where sliding shelves, baskets, trays or drawers are fitted they shall retain their shape and ease of
movement when fully loaded;
c) any fitments which are provided with stops to prevent accidental removal shall be self-supporting when
fully loaded and withdrawn to the limit of the stops.
d) stops.
4.1.1.2 Pipes and connections
Pipes and connections to moving or resiliently mounted parts shall be arranged so as not to foul or transmit
harmful vibrations to other parts. All other pipes and connections shall be securely anchored and sufficient
free length and/or vibration eliminators shall be provided to prevent failure due to fatigue. Where necessary,
pipes and valves shall be adequately thermally insulated.
4.1.1.3 Condensate drainage
Where drains, drip trays or evaporation receptacles are fitted, they shall have ample capacity and shall be
easily accessible and cleanable.
Any condensate or defrost water receptacle, or group of receptacles, requiring to be emptied manually shall
have a capacity equivalent to at least 48 h of normal operation in the appropriate climate class for which the
cabinet is intended.
4.1.1.4 Closed refrigerated cabinets (self-service type)
Closed refrigerated cabinets shall meet certain special requirements as follows.
Self-closing doors shall be opened by different angles up to and including 80° and shall from these different
positions automatically assume their original position and close tight in accordance with 5.2.1.
On low-temperature applications, transparent doors and lids shall be condensate-free at the climate class
specified by the manufacturer. Glass doors shall incorporate sufficient heating to the internal surface to
provide moisture dispersal for clear vision after closing. Horizontal sliding lids are exempt from this
requirement.
Door fasteners and hinges under normal conditions of use shall be smooth and positive in action and
designed to function properly without undue wear.
When any doors or lids provided to ensure an air seal to the refrigerated space are closed, there shall be no
undue leakage of ambient air into the interior.
The doors or lids shall not open of their own accord.
4 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
The gasket shall be made from a material whose characteristics are compatible with the operating conditions
(especially temperatures). If the fastening device is mechanical, a stop or other means shall be provided to
prevent the gasket from being excessively deformed.
4.1.1.5 Joints and seams
All construction joints and seams within the net volume shall prevent the accumulation of potentially
contaminating substances.
All construction joints and seams within the net volume shall permit the easy removal of any deposits of
potentially contaminating substances.
4.1.1.6 Sneeze guard
The front façade constitutes a guard against risks of contamination emanating from consumers through
handling, coughing, etc. in case of display and sale of unpacked foodstuffs.
For this, the sum of vertical dimension A and horizontal dimension B as shown in Figure 1 shall be not less
than 1 500 mm.
Figure 1 — Dimensions for sneeze guard
4.1.2 Materials
4.1.2.1 General
The materials shall be durable and shall not favour the development of mould or emit odours.
Under normal conditions of use, materials in contact with foodstuffs shall be resistant to moisture and shall
neither be toxic nor contaminate them.
4.1.2.2 Wear resistance
Internal and external finishes shall be resistant to wear and capable of being cleaned effectively and
hygienically. Finishes shall not crack, chip, flake, rub off or soften under normal conditions of use or during
cleaning.
ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
4.1.2.3 Corrosion resistance
Metal parts, used in the construction of cabinets, shall have resistance to corrosion appropriate to their
location and function.
4.1.3 Thermal insulation
4.1.3.1 Efficiency
The thermal insulation shall be efficient and permanently fixed. In particular, the insulating material shall not
be subject to shrinkage and shall not allow under normal working conditions an accumulation of moisture
(see 4.2.4).
4.1.3.2 Vapour barrier
Suitable means shall be used to prevent deterioration of the thermal insulation by the ingress of moisture.
4.1.3.3 Containment of insulation material
Where the insulation space is vented to the inside, it shall be ensured that particles of the insulation material
cannot escape into the foodstuff display compartment.
For fibrous insulation materials, it shall not be possible to insert a rigid probe of 1 mm diameter through any
aperture which allows access to the insulating material, the probe being applied with negligible force.
4.1.4 Refrigerating system
4.1.4.1 Design and construction
The design and construction of all parts of the refrigerating system subject to internal pressure shall take into
account the maximum working pressure to which they will be subjected when the cabinet is in operation or at
rest.
For refrigerated display cabinets with integral condensing unit or components thereof which are charged with
refrigerant prior to transportation, the maximum ambient temperature during transit shall be taken into account.
All refrigerant containing components shall be in accordance with EN 378-2.
4.1.4.2 Condensation
There shall be suitable means to prevent water condensed on cold surfaces of the cabinet and its parts from
harmfully affecting the operation of the refrigerating system or its controls.
4.1.4.3 System protection
For cabinets fitted with doors or lids, the refrigerating system shall suffer no damage if any door or lid in the
cabinet is left open while the cabinet is operating in an ambient temperature corresponding to the climate
class (see Table 3) for which the cabinet is intended.
When the door or lid is kept open under normal operating conditions (for example, during product loading) or
is left open accidentally, any automatic motor overload protective device may come into operation.
4.1.4.4 Refrigerant
When deciding on the refrigerant for the system, attention shall be given to the possible hazards associated
with the use of certain refrigerants and heat-transfer media or secondary refrigerant, due to their toxicity,
flammability etc. Guidance on this point is available in EN 378-1.
6 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
4.1.5 Electrical components
Electrical components shall be in accordance with IEC 60335-2-89 and EN 60335-1.
4.1.6 Temperature display
The cabinets shall incorporate a temperature display instrument showing the air temperature in the
refrigerated display cabinets to provide an indication of the operation and functioning of refrigerating
equipment and information on its operating state.
NOTE As a rule, measured air temperature is not identical with foodstuff temperature in refrigerated display cabinets.
4.1.6.1 Temperature-measuring instrument
Suitable temperature-measuring instruments shall be used, i.e. those that fulfil the following requirements:
⎯ the unit symbol (°C) shall be inscribed or displayed on the temperature-measuring instrument;
⎯ the range of measurement shall be at least from −25 °C to +15 °C;
⎯ the scale division or smallest numerical increment shall be less than or equal to 1 °C;
⎯ the maximum errors shall be 2 K over the total measuring range;
⎯ the time constant t of the sensor shall be equal to or less than 20 min.
NOTE The t time is the time in which 90 % of a sudden temperature change of 20 °C is indicated, the measurement
medium being moderately agitated air (velocity 1 m/s).
4.1.6.2 Temperature sensor location
The temperature sensor location shall be readily accessible to enable on-site testing for the correct indication
of temperature and replacement of the temperature-measuring instrument on site in service.
NOTE 1 The temperature sensor of a thermometer is considered to be “readily accessible” if it can be reached directly
for examination. It could be necessary to remove access panel(s) to carry out replacement.
NOTE 2 For cabinets with natural convection cooling, the positioning of the temperature sensor in a guide tube is also
considered to be “readily accessible” if the sensor can be introduced into and removed from the guide tube without a tool.
Wherever possible, the mounting method shall not supply heat to, or withdraw heat from, the temperature
sensor.
The temperature sensor shall be protected against heat radiation from the external ambient.
The temperature sensor's location is defined as part of the temperature test of the refrigerated display cabinet.
During the temperature test, air temperatures at the declared sensor location shall be measured and these
values noted in the test report.
The air return temperature shall be displayed. The temperature sensor shall be mounted to indicate the
temperature at the air-return side at the level of the clearly marked load limit line, except for vertical cabinets
for chilled foodstuffs, vertical closed cabinets for chilled and frozen foodstuffs and cabinets with natural
convection cooling.
For vertical cabinets (semi-vertical, multi-deck, roll-in) for chilled foodstuffs and vertical closed cabinets for
chilled and frozen foodstuffs, the temperature sensor shall be mounted to indicate the temperature at one of
the following locations.
ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
a) At the air return, at a free place between physical air return and front area of the heat exchanger.
b) At the location on the back wall panel or on the ceiling panel of the cabinet to the right or to the left of the
cabinet horizontally (500 ± 200) mm away from the end of the cabinet (see Figure 2). It shall be fixed
(13 ± 5) mm away from the panel (not blocking a hole) and positioned at (125 ± 75) mm away from the
reference point which is
⎯ the air curtain outlet for ceiling mounting, or
⎯ for back-wall mounting, the ceiling back wall corner or the lower edge of the mirror (if present).
For cabinets with natural convection cooling, the manufacturer defines the temperature sensor location.
NOTE 3 For an electronic controller, it is possible to display a calculated temperature.
NOTE 4 For recording and display of temperatures, one or two temperature sensors can be used. The temperature
sensor can be the same as those used for controlling the refrigeration. An alarm can be activated in case of error.
However, this option is not in accordance with the requirements of EN 12830.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 temperature sensor
2 ceiling
3 reference point for ceiling mounting: inner side of air curtain outlet
4 back wall
5 reference point for back wall mounting: ceiling back wall corner or lower edge of mirror
6 ceiling or back wall with holes
Figure 2 — Location of temperature sensor of vertical chilled cabinet when not located at air return
8 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
4.1.6.3 Number of temperature-measuring instruments
When temperature-measuring instruments are employed in refrigerated display cabinets:
⎯ one temperature-measuring instrument shall be employed for each refrigerated display cabinet with its
own refrigerating circuit;
⎯ in the case of several refrigerated display cabinets with a common refrigerating circuit operating in one
temperature class, a minimum of one temperature-measuring instrument shall be employed for maximum
two refrigerated display cabinets with a total length of maximum 3,75 m;
⎯ in the case of several refrigerated display cabinets with a common refrigerating circuit working in different
temperature classes, the above requirement shall be observed, but with separate temperature-measuring
instruments employed for each temperature class.
4.2 Operating characteristics
4.2.1 Absence of odour and taste
The absence of odour and taste is not compulsory. An optional test method of is given in Annex D.
4.2.2 Classification according to temperature
The performance of cabinets shall comply with one of the classifications defined in Table 1. The performance
shall be verified in accordance with the conditions and test methods specified in 5.3.3.
NOTE Annex C compares laboratory and store condition.
Table 1 — M-package temperature classes
Class Highest temperature, θ , of Lowest temperature, θ , of Lowest temperature, θ , of

ah b al
warmest M-package less than coldest M-package greater than warmest M-package less than
or equal to or equal to or equal to
(see Figure 25) (see Figure 25) (see Figure 25)
°C
L1 − 15 — − 18
L2 − 12 — − 18
L3 − 12 — − 15
M1 + 5 − 1 —
M2 + 7 − 1 —
H1 + 10 + 1 —
H2 + 10 − 1 —
S Special classification
4.2.3 Defrosting
The accumulation of ice, frost or snow on surfaces within the refrigerated space (excluding the surfaces of the
test packages), as well as the accumulation of drained defrost water, shall not occur, as it would impair the
performance of cabinets other than those which are intended to be defrosted manually. This shall be verified
according to the conditions and test methods specified in 5.3.3.3.
The proposed defrosting procedures (automatic or manual) shall not affect the temperature requirements.
For cabinets or parts of cabinets with manual defrosting, the manufacturer shall supply all necessary
instructions for the correct operation of the defrosting system.
ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
4.2.4 Water vapour condensation
The performance of cabinets shall not be impaired by water vapour condensation. The amount of water
vapour condensation shall be verified according to the conditions and test methods specified in 5.3.4.
4.2.5 Energy consumption
The heat extraction rate and the energy consumption shall be stated by the manufacturer.
The direct electrical energy consumption (DEC) and, when the condensing unit is remote from the cabinet, the
refrigeration electrical energy consumption (REC) and total energy consumption (TEC) shall be measured and
calculated according to the conditions and the test methods specified in 5.3.5 and 5.3.6.
5 Tests
5.1 General
When the characteristics of a cabinet are to be verified, all the tests and inspections shall be applied to one
and the same cabinet. These tests and inspections may also be made individually for the study of a particular
characteristic.
Table 2 lists the tests and inspections. Cabinets shall comply with the requirements specified in this part of
ISO 23953 using the appropriate test method.
Table 2 — Test summary
Tests and inspections Requirement clause in this part Test method
of ISO 23953
Seal test 4.1 5.2.1
Outside test room
Physical dimensions of sneeze guard 4.1.1.6 5.2.2
(see 5.2)
Absence of odour and taste
— Annex D
(not compulsory)
Temperature 4.2.2 5.3.3
Defrosting 4.2.3 5.3.3
Inside test room
(see 5.3)
Water vapour condensation 4.2.4 5.3.4
Energy consumption 4.2.5 5.3.5 and 5.3.6
5.2 Tests outside test room
The tests which may be carried out outside the test room deal with the inspection of construction
characteristics, physical dimensions and the absence of odour and taste.
5.2.1 Seal test for doors and lids
The effectiveness of doors or lids provided to ensure a seal shall be tested as follows (with the cabinet not
running).
Insert a strip of paper 50 mm wide, 0,08 mm thick and of a suitable length at any point of the seal. With the
door or lid closed normally on it the strip of paper shall not slide freely.
NOTE 1 Attention is drawn to the fact that some cabinets having doors provided to ensure an air seal are fitted with
decompression valves which allow air to penetrate for a short period of time so that any drop in pressure created inside
the cabinet may be compensated. No test is required for such valves.
10 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
NOTE 2 The most unfavourable points can be found by inspecting the contact of the seal with the cabinet closed and
lighted from the inside.
5.2.2 Linear dimensions, areas and volumes
Measurements shall be made with the cabinet not in operation but situated in a place where the temperature
is maintained between 16 °C and 30 °C.
For cabinets having detachable ends, overall dimensions are given with and without ends. If the cabinet
includes jacks or other components for adjustment of height, the height defined shall be the minimum height
necessary at installation of the cabinet.
When measuring the net volume parts necessary for the proper functioning of the cabinet, including shelves
used in the calculation of the refrigerated shelf area, these shall be fitted as intended and the volume
representing the space occupied by these parts deducted.
The total display (TDA) area shall be calculated according to Annex A. The visibility of foodstuffs (VPA) shall
be calculated according to Annex B.
5.3 Tests inside test room
The tests which are carried out inside the test room deal with the measurement of the following
characteristics:
⎯ temperature and defrosting;
⎯ water vapour condensation;
⎯ electrical energy consumption;
⎯ heat extraction rate.
These measurements should be made simultaneously.
5.3.1 General conditions
In the following, general testing conditions which are common for all tests specified in 5.3.3 to 5.3.6 carried out
inside the test room are defined. These conditions concern the test room, the test and M-packages, and the
measuring instruments.
5.3.1.1 Test room — General design, walls, floor and radiant heat
The test room shall be a parallelepiped space in which two of the opposite side walls, referred to as the
discharge technical side wall and the return technical side wall, are designed to create an even, horizontal air
flow within the test room. By convention, the distance separating these two technical side walls is referred to
as the “length” of the test room.
The minimum useful dimensions (length, width, height) of the test room shall be dependent on the overall
dimensions (length, depth, height) of the cabinet to be tested and on the location of the display opening of the
cabinet (see 5.3.2.1).
The ceiling and the two non-technical side walls of the room shall be thermally insulated and shall be
equipped with an inner metal skin.
A minimum insulation level equivalent to 60 mm of rigid polyurethane foam (λ = 0,03 W/m °C) should be used
for the building of a new test room.
ISO 23953-2:2005(E)
The floor shall be made of concrete or of thermally equivalent material and/or shall be sufficiently insulated to
ensure that external climatic conditions do not affect the floor temperature.
Fluorescent lighting shall be installed to maintain 600 ± 100 lx measured at a height of 1 m above the floor
level and shall be lit continuously during the test period. The emission spectrum of that lighting device within
the infrared field shall not include peaks of a value of more than 500 W/5 nm/1 m.
The walls, ceilings and any partitions of rooms intended for the testing of refrigerated display cabinets shall be
painted in light grey (for example, NCS 2706-G90Y or RAL 7032) with an emissivity between 0,9 and 1 at
25 °C.
5.3.1.2 Test room (empty) — Thermal and air flow characteristics
An experimental evaluation of the test-room performances shall be carried out minimum once per year
⎯ with test room empty and with lighting switched on,
⎯ in a test-room climate class 3 (see Table 3),
⎯ measuring the velocity, temperature and relative humidity of the air at different points of two vertical
planes parallel to the technical side walls and 600 mm away from the technical side walls, and
⎯ with the climate measuring point located at the geometrical centre of the test room during this evaluation.
These measuring points shall form a two-dimensional grid in which the step is a maximum of 500 mm in the
horizontal and vertical directions. The peripheral line of points shall be located at a maximum of 500 mm from
the other two side walls, floor and ceiling.
A three-dimensional grid inside the test room shall be investigated when obstacles/irregularities projected into
the room of more than 1 m surface area facing the discharge technical side wall exist along the walls.
The mean horizontal air velocity measured during 1 min with a maximal interval of 5 s at each of the points
defined above shall lie between 0,1 m/s and 0,2 m/s.
Air temperature measured at each of the points defined above shall not deviate from the rated temperature of
the test-room climate class by more than 2 °C.
The test room shall be capable of maintaining values of humidity within ± 3 units of the relative humidity
percentage figures of the rated humidity of the test room temperature class at the specified measuring points.
Surface temperature of walls, ceiling and floor shall be measured in proximity to the points which constitute
the peripheral line of the grid defined above. These surface temperatures shall remain within a tolerance of
± 2 °C in relation to the air temperature measured at the nearest point of the grid.
5.3.1.3 Test room climate definition
5.3.1.3.1 Test room climate classes
Tests shall be carried out in one of the climate classes according to Table 3.
During the test, the test room shall be capable of maintaining values of temperature and humidit
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