ASTM G140-02(2019)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: G140 − 02 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Atmospheric Chloride Deposition Rate by Wet
Candle Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G140; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 9225Corrosion of Metals and Alloys. Aggressivity of
1.1 This test method covers a wet candle device and its use
Atmospheres—Methods of Measurement of Pollution
in measuring atmospheric chloride deposition (amount of
Data
chloride salts deposited from the atmosphere on a given area
per unit time).
3. Significance and Use
1.2 Data on atmospheric chloride deposition can be useful
3.1 This test method is capable of generating quantitative
in classifying the corrosivity of a specific area, such as an
values of atmospheric chloride deposition specifying milli-
atmospheric test site. Caution must be exercised, however, to
grams of chloride ions per square metre per day (or other units
take into consideration the season because airborne chlorides
derived from such values).
vary widely between seasons.
NOTE 1—Chlorides in the atmosphere exist as a suspension of liquid
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
droplets or solid particles. They are transported to solid surfaces by
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
gravity, wind, or brownian motions. These transport mechanisms are
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- direction-sensitive so that a vertical cylinder will not necessarily receive
the same flux as a horizontal plate, or objects with different sizes and
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
orientations. Therefore, the use of this approach to provide an indication
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ofthedepositionofchloridesonobjectsinatmosphericexposuresmaynot
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
be quantitatively accurate; however, this technique has been successful in
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
classifying the severity of exposure in a variety of marine locations.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2 The sites where samples are to be taken and the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
sampling time periods should be established. A continuous
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
program of monthly or 30-day exposures is recommended for
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
sitecharacterization.Seasonalmonitoringmaybeperformedif
there are specific periods of interest.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Apparatus
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
4.1 Components—The components needed to construct one
D4458Test Method for Chloride Ions in Brackish Water,
wet candle device are as follows:
Seawater, and Brines
4.1.1 Erlenmeyer Flask, narrow mouth, 500 mL, (glass or
G92Practice for Characterization ofAtmospheric Test Sites
polypropylene). Other size flasks may be used, but dimensions
in Fig. 1 will have to be adjusted accordingly.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G01 on
NOTE 2—Polypropylene flasks are recommended during threat of
Corrosion of Metals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.04 on
freezing weather.
Corrosion of Metals in Natural Atmospheric and Aqueous Environments.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2019. Published October 2019. Originally
4.1.2 Glass Test Tube, general purpose, 16 by 150-mm
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as G140–02 (2014).
length.
DOI: 10.1520/G0140-02R19.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
G140 − 02 (2019)
NOTE 1—Dimensions are in millimetres (mm).
FIG. 1 Wet Candle Chloride Apparatus
4.1.3 SolidRubberorNeopreneStopper,No.7,diametertop 4.3.1 The rubber stopper must be modified.
38 mm, bottom 30 mm. 4.3.1.1 Inthecenter,boreahole15mmindiameterthrough
4.1.4 Cotton Bandage Gauze, strip, 50 mm wide and ap- the stopper.
proximately 1500 mm long. 4.3.1.2 On opposite sides of the conical surface of the
stopper, cut or grind a channel or flat, from top to bottom,
NOTE 3—The overall length of the gauze may vary with installation.
sufficiently wide (;25 mm) for the gauze to pass freely
4.1.5 Type IV Reagent Water, 1 L, 200 mL CHOH
between the stopper and the neck of the flask when the stopper
(CH OH ) (glycerin) and 20 drops CH (CH ) COOH (oc-
2 2 3 2 6
is installed tightly in the flask (see Fig. 1).
tanoic acid) should be added to prevent freezing, if necessary
4.3.2 Insert the test tube upward through the hole in the
(See Specification D1193).
rubber stopper so that the lip of the tube is at the bottom of the
4.1.6 Gloves, vinyl, one pair.
small end of the stopper.
NOTE4—Poly(vinylchloride)(PVC)isrecommended.Latexglovesare 4.3.2.1 The flask and tube/stopper assembly should be
not acceptable, as their chloride content is reported to be comparable to
rinsedwithTypeIVreagentwatertoremoveanycontaminants.
that of human hands.
4.3.3 Cover bare hands with gloves (PVC or other plastic
4.2 SupportStand—Asuitablesupportstandshallbeerected (see Note 4). With freshly opened bandage gauze (50 mm
at the site where the atmosphere is to be sampled. A treated
wide), start with a wick 150 mm in length, pass through one
wood post (100 by 100 by 2250 mm) or galvanized pipe channel in the stopper and tightly wrap all the exposed area of
(42-mm diameter by 2250-mm length) with an attached plate
the tube. Using overlapping turns, move up the tube covering
on top is suitable, with 750 mm in the ground and 1500 mm the top, then back down the tube to the stopper, pass the gauze
abovethegroundonwhichtheapparatustoholdthecandlecan
through the other channel in the stopper, leaving another
be mounted (see Fig. 1). The apparatus shall be mounted so section of the gauze approximately equal in length to the first
that the arms supporting the rain cove
...