92/104/EC - Council Directive 92/104/EEC of 3 December 1992 on the minimum requirements for improving the safety and health protection of workers in surface and underground mineral-extracting industries (twelfth individual Directive within the meaning of Article 16 (1) of Directive 89/391/EEC)
Die Richtlinie 92/104/EWG legt Mindestvorschriften zur Verbesserung der Sicherheit und des Gesundheitsschutzes der Arbeitnehmer in übertägigen und untertägigen mineralgewinnenden Betrieben fest. Sie ergänzt die allgemeine Arbeitsschutzrichtlinie 89/391/EWG und regelt spezifische Anforderungen für diese besonders risikobehafteten Arbeitsbereiche. Arbeitgeber sind verpflichtet, Arbeitsstätten sicher zu konzipieren, den Betrieb durch qualifiziertes Personal zu überwachen, Gefahren zu identifizieren und geeignete Maßnahmen umzusetzen. Dazu gehören auch Brand- und Explosionsschutz, Flucht- und Rettungsmittel sowie Kommunikations- und Alarmsysteme. Arbeitnehmer sind umfassend zu unterrichten, präventivmedizinisch zu überwachen und in Sicherheitsvorschriften einzubeziehen. Arbeitsstätten, die nach Inkrafttreten der Richtlinie neu genutzt werden, müssen die festgelegten Mindestanforderungen erfüllen, bestehende Anlagen haben eine Übergangsfrist von neun Jahren. Besondere Vorschriften zur Koordinierung bei geteilten Arbeitsstätten, zur Unfallmeldung und zur Anpassung technischer Anforderungen sind ebenfalls enthalten. Ziel ist es, die Risiken in mineralgewinnenden Betrieben zu minimieren und den Gesundheitsschutz auf einem hohen Niveau sicherzustellen.
Zweck
Die Richtlinie 92/104/EWG des Rates vom 3. Dezember 1992 legt Mindestvorschriften für die Verbesserung der Sicherheit und des Gesundheitsschutzes der Arbeitnehmer in übertägigen oder untertägigen mineralgewinnenden Betrieben fest. Sie stellt die zwölfte Einzelrichtlinie im Sinne des Artikels 16 Absatz 1 der Richtlinie 89/391/EWG dar. Ziel ist es, die Arbeitsbedingungen in diesen Betrieben zu regeln und dadurch die Gesundheit und Sicherheit der dort beschäftigten Arbeitnehmer zu verbessern.
Die Richtlinie erkennt an, dass Arbeitnehmer in mineralgewinnenden Betrieben überdurchschnittlich hohen Risiken ausgesetzt sind. Sie ergänzt und präzisiert die allgemeinen Vorschriften zur Arbeitssicherheit und bezieht sich auf spezifische Anforderungen dieser Branche. Die Einhaltung der Mindestvorschriften ist notwendig, um Gefährdungen zu minimieren und Unfälle zu verhindern.
Wichtige Verpflichtungen
Arbeitgeberpflichten (§ Artikel 3 ff.): Arbeitgeber müssen alle erforderlichen Maßnahmen treffen, um Arbeitsstätten so zu gestalten, auszustatten, zu betreiben und zu unterhalten, dass die Sicherheit und Gesundheit der Arbeitnehmer gewährleistet ist. Dazu zählt auch die Beaufsichtigung der Arbeitsstätten durch qualifizierte Verantwortliche, die transparente und verständliche Sicherheitsanweisungen sowie die Bereitstellung von Erste-Hilfe-Einrichtungen und die Durchführung regelmäßiger Sicherheitsübungen.
Sicherheits- und Gesundheitsschutzdokument: Arbeitgeber haben ein Dokument zu erstellen und aktuell zu halten, das Gefährdungen erfasst, Maßnahmen festlegt und belegt, dass Arbeitsstätten und Ausrüstung sicher gestaltet und betrieben werden. Dieses Dokument ist vor Aufnahme der Tätigkeit zu fertigen und bei wesentlichen Änderungen zu aktualisieren.
Meldung von Unfällen: Schwere oder tödliche Unfälle sowie gefährliche Vorkommnisse sind unverzüglich den zuständigen Behörden zu melden.
Brand- und Explosionsschutz: Arbeitgeber haben geeignete Maßnahmen zur Verhinderung und Bekämpfung von Bränden und Explosionen sowie zum Schutz vor gefährlichen Atmosphären zu treffen.
Flucht- und Rettungseinrichtungen: Bereitstellung und Wartung von Flucht- und Rettungsmitteln sind verpflichtend, damit Arbeitnehmer im Gefahrenfall die Arbeitsstätte schnell und sicher verlassen können.
Kommunikations- und Alarmsysteme: Es müssen Systeme zur Alarmierung und Kommunikation vorhanden sein, die eine unverzügliche Einleitung von Hilfs- und Evakuierungsmaßnahmen ermöglichen.
Information und Unterrichtung der Arbeitnehmer: Arbeitnehmer und ihre Vertreter sind umfassend über alle Sicherheits- und Gesundheitsmaßnahmen zu unterrichten; die Informationen müssen verständlich sein.
Präventivmedizinische Überwachung: Maßnahmen müssen getroffen werden, mit denen Beschäftigte einer angemessenen medizinischen Vorsorge entsprechend den Risiken unterzogen werden, bevor sie bestimmte Tätigkeiten aufnehmen, und regelmäßig während der Ausübung.
Beteiligung der Arbeitnehmer: Arbeitnehmer und ihre Vertreter sind gemäß Richtlinie 89/391/EWG an sicherheits- und gesundheitsbezogenen Maßnahmen zu beteiligen.
Mindestvorschriften an Arbeitsstätten (§ Artikel 10): Neue Arbeitsstätten müssen spätestens ab Inkrafttreten den Mindestanforderungen genügen; bestehende haben innerhalb neun Jahren nach Inkrafttreten entsprechend nachzurüsten. Änderungen und Erweiterungen an Arbeitsstätten müssen den Mindestanforderungen entsprechen.
Betroffene Produkte und Akteure
Übertägige oder untertägige mineralgewinnende Betriebe: Unternehmen und Einrichtungen, die Mineralien gewinnen (ober- oder unterirdisch), diese aufsuchen mit Blick auf spätere Gewinnung oder das Fördergut aufbereiten – ausgenommen Betriebe, in denen Mineralien mittels Bohrungen gefördert werden (diese fallen unter Richtlinie 92/91/EWG).
Arbeitgeber und Beschäftigte in diesen Betrieben, einschließlich der Verantwortlichen für Sicherheitsaufgaben und der Aufsichtspersonen.
Zuständige Behörden auf nationaler Ebene, die für die Kontrolle und das Unfallmeldewesen zuständig sind.
Sozialpartner und Arbeitnehmervertretungen, die bei der Umsetzung beteiligt sind.
Umsetzungszeitplan
Die Mitgliedstaaten mussten die erforderlichen Rechts- und Verwaltungsvorschriften bis spätestens 24 Monate nach Annahme der Richtlinie erlassen und damit die Vorschriften in nationales Recht umsetzen.
Bereits bestehende Arbeitsstätten hatten spätestens neun Jahre nach dem genannten Zeitpunkt die Mindestvorschriften zu erfüllen.
Änderungen, Erweiterungen und Umgestaltungen an Arbeitsstätten sollten unmittelbar nach Inkrafttreten der Richtlinie die Mindestanforderungen umsetzen.
Die Mitgliedstaaten sind verpflichtet, alle fünf Jahre Berichte über die praktische Anwendung der Richtlinie zu erstellen und der Kommission vorzulegen. Die Kommission informiert hierzu das Europäische Parlament, den Rat und Sozialgremien.
Diese Richtlinie trägt zur einheitlichen Verbesserung der Arbeitsbedingungen und des Gesundheits- und Arbeitsschutzes in der Mineralgewinnung innerhalb der Europäischen Union bei und stellt damit einen wichtigen Teil der sozialen Dimension des Binnenmarktes dar.
Die Richtlinie 92/104/EWG gilt für alle übertägigen oder untertägigen mineralgewinnenden Betriebe, deren Tätigkeit das eigentliche Gewinnen von Mineralien über oder unter Tage umfasst, einschließlich der Aufsuchung zum Zwecke einer späteren Gewinnung sowie der Aufbereitung des Förderguts für den Verkauf. Ausgenommen sind Betriebe, in denen Mineralien durch Bohrungen gewonnen werden, die unter die Richtlinie 92/91/EWG fallen. Die Richtlinie erstreckt sich auf alle Arbeitsstätten dieser Betriebe, einschließlich Haupt- und Nebenbetrieben sowie Abraumhalden und gegebenenfalls vorhandener Unterkünfte, zu denen Arbeitnehmer Zugang haben. Sie dient der Verbesserung der Sicherheit und des Gesundheitsschutzes der Arbeitnehmer, die in diesen Bereichen wegen der Natur ihrer Tätigkeiten oft überdurchschnittlich hohen Risiken ausgesetzt sind.
Direktiva Sveta 92/104/EGS določa minimalne zahteve za izboljšanje varnosti in zdravja delavcev pri dejavnostih površinskega in podzemnega pridobivanja rudnin. Namenjena je zagotavljanju višje ravni zaščite delavcev, ki so izpostavljeni velikim tveganjem zaradi narave dela. Direktiva zahteva, da delodajalci zagotovijo varno načrtovanje, izvedbo, opremljenost, obratovanje in vzdrževanje delovnih mest ter ustrezno usposabljanje delavcev. Prav tako morajo vzpostaviti sisteme za preprečevanje požarov, eksplozij in škodljivega ozračja, omogočiti hitre in varne izhode v sili ter zagotoviti komunikacijske in alarmne sisteme. Delodajalci so dolžni obveščati delavce o tveganjih in varnostnih ukrepih, izvajati zdravstveni nadzor ter sodelovati z delavci pri izboljšavah. Direktiva vključuje tudi poseben dokument o varnosti in zdravju, ki podrobno opisuje tveganja in ukrepe. Države članice morajo do 24 mesecev po sprejetju direktive prilagoditi svojo zakonodajo in vsake pet let poročati o njenem izvajanju. Namen direktive je prispevati k varnemu in zdravemu delovnemu okolju pri pridobivanju rudnin v EU.
Namen
Direktiva Sveta 92/104/EGS določa minimalne zahteve za izboljšanje varnosti in zdravja delavcev v dejavnostih površinskega in podzemnega pridobivanja rudnin. Gre za posebni predpis v okviru splošne Direktive 89/391/EGS o varnosti in zdravju pri delu, ki posebej obravnava področje pridobivanja rudnin zaradi njegovega visokega tveganja za delavce. Direktiva dopolnjuje splošna pravila varnosti pri delu z natančnejšimi in strožjimi določbami, prilagojenimi posebnostim rudarske dejavnosti.
Ključne obveznosti
Splošne obveznosti delodajalcev: Delodajalci morajo zagotoviti varno načrtovanje, izvedbo, opremljenost in vzdrževanje delovnih mest, upravljanje delovnih mest pod nadzorom usposobljene odgovorne osebe, izvajanje varnostnih navodil in redno usposabljanje delavcev.
Dokument o varnosti in zdravju: Potreben je stalno posodobljen dokument, ki vsebuje oceno tveganj, ukrepe za varnost in zdravje ter varnostno ureditve.
Usklajevanje med delodajalci: Na delovnih mestih z delavci iz različnih podjetij je treba usklajevati varnostne ukrepe in določiti odgovornosti.
Obveščanje in sodelovanje delavcev: Delavci in njihovi predstavniki morajo biti obveščeni o tveganjih in ukrepih ter vključeni v varnostne postopke.
Nujni varnostni ukrepi: Vključujejo ukrepe za preprečevanje požarov, eksplozij in škodljivega ozračja ter vzpostavitev izhodov v sili, komunikacijskih in alarmnih sistemov.
Zdravstveni nadzor: Delavcem je treba zagotoviti ustrezne zdravstvene preglede pred zaposlitvijo in v rednih presledkih.
Minimalne zahteve delovnih mest: Nova delovna mesta morajo izpolnjevati minimalne stopnje varnosti in zdravja, ki so opredeljene v prilogi direktive, pri obstoječih delovnih mestih pa jih je potrebno izpolniti najkasneje v roku devetih let po uveljavitvi direktive.
Vzdrževanje opreme: Obvezna je redna kontrola, vzdrževanje in dokumentiranje strojne in električne opreme ter varnostne naprave.
Varni delovni postopki: Vzpostavitev postopkov, ki preprečujejo tveganja, ter po potrebi uvedba sistema delovnih dovoljenj za nevarna dela.
Posebne navedbe: Države članice lahko izključijo pridobivanje rudnin z bagri iz področja uporabe, če zagotovijo varnost po splošnih načelih.
Vplivani proizvodi in akterji
Dejavnosti: Površinsko in podzemno pridobivanje rudnin, vključno z raziskovanjem in pripravo pridobljenih snovi za prodajo (pretežno brez predelave).
Delavci: Vsi zaposleni na delovnih mestih, ki so vključena v rudarske procese in pomočne dejavnosti, ter delavci, ki imajo dostop do teh območij.
Delodajalci: Zavezani k spoštovanju varnostnih zahtev na rudarskih deloviščih, vključno z organizacijo dela, usposabljanjem in zagotavljanjem zaščitne opreme.
Nacionalni organi: Odgovorni za prenos direktive v nacionalno zakonodajo, nadzor nad izvajanjem in obveščanje Evropske komisije.
Rok za izvedbo
Direktiva je bila sprejeta 3. decembra 1992.
Države članice so morale uvesti ustrezne zakone in predpise za izvajanje direktive najpozneje v 24 mesecih po sprejetju, to je do decembra 1994.
Delovna mesta, ki že obstajajo, morajo izpolnjevati minimalne zahteve najpozneje do devet let po uveljavitvi direktive. To pomeni, da so imela roke do leta 2001 za popolno uskladitev.
Nadaljnje obveščanje Evropske komisije o izvajanju direktive je predvideno vsaj na vsakih pet let.
Direktiva 92/104/EGS zagotavlja celovit pravni okvir za varovanje zdravja in varnosti pri delu v rudarstvu, s posebnim poudarkom na tveganjih, značilnih za površinsko in podzemno pridobivanje rudnin.
Direktiva 92/104/EGS se nanaša na minimalne zahteve za izboljšanje varnosti in zdravja delavcev v dejavnostih površinskega in podzemnega pridobivanja rudnin. Uvaja pravila in standarde za zaščito delavcev, ki so pri teh dejavnostih izpostavljeni visokemu tveganju, in določa organizacijo delovnih mest, uporabo opreme, varnostne ukrepe ter zdravstveni nadzor. Direktiva zajema aktivnosti pridobivanja, raziskovanja in priprave rudnin za prodajo, medtem ko izključuje predelavo pridobljenih snovi (razen pri pridobivanju rudnin z vrtanjem). Nanaša se na delovna mesta in pripadajoče objekte ter postroje, vključno z razbremenilnimi deponijami in bivalnimi prostori za delavce. Namenjena je predvsem izboljšanju varnosti pri delu v rudarstvu na površju in pod zemljo ter ureja tudi obveznosti delodajalcev glede načrtovanja, nadzora, obveščanja, usposabljanja in ukrepov v izrednih razmerah.
General Information
This document specifies procedures for the measurement of the extreme pressure (EP) and antiwear
properties of liquid lubricants (categories C, D, F, G, H, M, P of ISO 6743-99), lubricating greases
(ISO 6743-9, category X) and other consistent lubricants. The test conditions are not intended to
simulate particular service conditions, but to provide information over a range of standard conditions
for the purpose of research, development, quality control and fluid ranking. The output is used in
lubricant specifications.
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies procedures for the measurement of the extreme pressure (EP) and antiwear
properties of liquid lubricants (categories C, D, F, G, H, M, P of ISO 6743-99), lubricating greases
(ISO 6743-9, category X) and other consistent lubricants. The test conditions are not intended to
simulate particular service conditions, but to provide information over a range of standard conditions
for the purpose of research, development, quality control and fluid ranking. The output is used in
lubricant specifications.
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20844:2015 specifies a method to assess the resistance to shear stresses applied to mineral oils, synthetic oils, and other fluids containing polymers, when passed through a specified diesel injector nozzle. The shear stability is measured by the change in viscosity of the fluid under test, brought about by the polymer degradation during stress. Under normal circumstances, this International Standard is applied to hydraulic fluids of categories HR and HV as defined in ISO 6743‑4[1] and specified in ISO 11158 [2], but it may also be applied to fire-resistant hydraulic fluids within categories HFA, HFB, HFC, and HFD, with modified conditions as specified in ISO 12922[3].
No formal correlation has been established between the viscosity loss, or the absence of viscosity loss, obtained using the procedures described in this International Standard and that of oils and fluids in actual service. However, it provides standardized conditions for the evaluation of polymer stability under minimized thermal and oxidative stresses. It is normally used by manufacturers of fluids and additives, and users, as a means of ranking existing and potential formulations.
NOTE Changes to properties other than viscosity are specified in some specifications, but these are not covered by the procedures specified in this International Standard.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 6743-4:2015 establishes the detailed classification of fluids of Family H (Hydraulic systems) which belong to class L (Lubricants, industrial oils, and related products). It is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 6743‑99. This classification system does not include automotive brake fluids or aircraft hydraulic fluids.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20844:2015 specifies a method to assess the resistance to shear stresses applied to mineral oils, synthetic oils, and other fluids containing polymers, when passed through a specified diesel injector nozzle. The shear stability is measured by the change in viscosity of the fluid under test, brought about by the polymer degradation during stress. Under normal circumstances, this International Standard is applied to hydraulic fluids of categories HR and HV as defined in ISO 6743‑4[1] and specified in ISO 11158 [2], but it may also be applied to fire-resistant hydraulic fluids within categories HFA, HFB, HFC, and HFD, with modified conditions as specified in ISO 12922[3].
No formal correlation has been established between the viscosity loss, or the absence of viscosity loss, obtained using the procedures described in this International Standard and that of oils and fluids in actual service. However, it provides standardized conditions for the evaluation of polymer stability under minimized thermal and oxidative stresses. It is normally used by manufacturers of fluids and additives, and users, as a means of ranking existing and potential formulations.
NOTE Changes to properties other than viscosity are specified in some specifications, but these are not covered by the procedures specified in this International Standard.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 6743-4:2015 establishes the detailed classification of fluids of Family H (Hydraulic systems) which belong to class L (Lubricants, industrial oils, and related products). It is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 6743‑99. This classification system does not include automotive brake fluids or aircraft hydraulic fluids.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20783‑1:2011 specifies a test method to assess the stability of emulsions within the category HFAE, as defined in ISO 6743-4, made up with waters having clearly-defined concentrations of salts. This method is applicable only to HFAE fluids and not to HFAS fluids.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20843:2011 specifies a test method to determine the pH value of fire-resistant fluids within categories HFAE, HFAS and HFC, as classified in ISO 6743‑4.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 4404-2:2010 specifies a procedure for the determination of the corrosion-inhibiting properties of non-aqueous hydraulic fluids within the category HFD, as classified in ISO 6743‑4.
It provides a qualitative assessment of corrosion of five of the most common metals used in the construction of hydraulic systems, but other metals and/or alloys could be added or substituted for these metals for particular installations.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20843:2011 specifies a test method to determine the pH value of fire-resistant fluids within categories HFAE, HFAS and HFC, as classified in ISO 6743‑4.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20783‑1:2011 specifies a test method to assess the stability of emulsions within the category HFAE, as defined in ISO 6743-4, made up with waters having clearly-defined concentrations of salts. This method is applicable only to HFAE fluids and not to HFAS fluids.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 4404-2:2010 specifies a procedure for the determination of the corrosion-inhibiting properties of non-aqueous hydraulic fluids within the category HFD, as classified in ISO 6743‑4.
It provides a qualitative assessment of corrosion of five of the most common metals used in the construction of hydraulic systems, but other metals and/or alloys could be added or substituted for these metals for particular installations.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Technical Report gives guidance on the achievement of compliance with Essential Health and Safety Requirements (EHSR) by the selection of fire-resistant fluids or by other means. It includes consideration of the selection of fluids with lower levels of fire resistance and of mineral oil, with appropriate additional safety measures, where this option may be considered to be most satisfactory during operation.
This Technical Report is concerned with assessing the fire resistance, health properties and effects on the environment, but does not cover requirements for their general physical and chemical properties, which are detailed in EN ISO 12922.
- Technical report38 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Technical Report gives guidance on the achievement of compliance with Essential Health and Safety Requirements (EHSR) by the selection of fire-resistant fluids or by other means. It includes consideration of the selection of fluids with lower levels of fire resistance and of mineral oil, with appropriate additional safety measures, where this option may be considered to be most satisfactory during operation.
This Technical Report is concerned with assessing the fire resistance, health properties and effects on the environment, but does not cover requirements for their general physical and chemical properties, which are detailed in EN ISO 12922.
- Technical report38 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20763:2004 specifies procedures for the determination of steel-on-steel anti-wear properties of hydraulic fluids by means of performance in a vane-type hydraulic pump. ISO 20763:2004 covers a range of hydraulic fluids, both anhydrous and aqueous, intended for applications where high-speed sliding contacts, such as those found in a vane pump, are encountered.
For mineral oils of categories HM and HV, and fire-resistant fluids of category HFD, the method is applicable to viscosity classes ISO VG 32, ISO VG 46 and ISO VG 68, as specified in ISO 3448. Under different specified conditions, the method is applicable to aqueous fire-resistant hydraulic fluids in categories HFA, HFB and HFC, as specified in ISO 12922, within the same viscosity classes.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20763:2004 specifies procedures for the determination of steel-on-steel anti-wear properties of hydraulic fluids by means of performance in a vane-type hydraulic pump. ISO 20763:2004 covers a range of hydraulic fluids, both anhydrous and aqueous, intended for applications where high-speed sliding contacts, such as those found in a vane pump, are encountered.
For mineral oils of categories HM and HV, and fire-resistant fluids of category HFD, the method is applicable to viscosity classes ISO VG 32, ISO VG 46 and ISO VG 68, as specified in ISO 3448. Under different specified conditions, the method is applicable to aqueous fire-resistant hydraulic fluids in categories HFA, HFB and HFC, as specified in ISO 12922, within the same viscosity classes.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20764:2003 specifies two procedures for the preparation of test portions from petroleum and related products boiling above 200 degrees Celsius, which can then be used for the determination of total water content within the range of 3 mg/kg to 1 000 mg/kg. The method is applicable to unused and used lubricating oils, non-aqueous hydraulic fluids and high-boiling solvents. The test portions generated by these procedures are suitable for standard Karl Fischer water-content determinations, such as those described in ISO 6296 and ISO 12937.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20764:2003 specifies two procedures for the preparation of test portions from petroleum and related products boiling above 200 degrees Celsius, which can then be used for the determination of total water content within the range of 3 mg/kg to 1 000 mg/kg. The method is applicable to unused and used lubricating oils, non-aqueous hydraulic fluids and high-boiling solvents. The test portions generated by these procedures are suitable for standard Karl Fischer water-content determinations, such as those described in ISO 6296 and ISO 12937.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20823:2003 specifies a test method to determine the relative flammability of fluids when contacted with a hot metal surface at a fixed temperature, but it is also possible to gauge fluid ignition temperatures by adjustment of the manifold temperature.
It is primarily used is to assess the resistance to ignition of fire-resistant hydraulic fluids which are, by definition, difficult to ignite.
It may be used with other types of more flammable fluids at lower surface temperatures, but this could significantly increase the hazards of this procedure.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20823:2003 specifies a test method to determine the relative flammability of fluids when contacted with a hot metal surface at a fixed temperature, but it is also possible to gauge fluid ignition temperatures by adjustment of the manifold temperature.
It is primarily used is to assess the resistance to ignition of fire-resistant hydraulic fluids which are, by definition, difficult to ignite.
It may be used with other types of more flammable fluids at lower surface temperatures, but this could significantly increase the hazards of this procedure.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20623:2003 specifies procedures for the measurement of the extreme-pressure (EP) and anti-wear properties of lubricating oils and fluids by means of the four ball machine. The conditions of test are those that apply in Europe and other areas that have similar electrical supply characteristics (200 V to 250 V, 50 Hz). In North America, the conditions of test are slightly different, but provide a similar ranking of the lubricating properties of fluids. The test conditions are not intended to simulate particular service conditions, but to provide information over a range of standard conditions for the purpose of research, development, quality control and fluid ranking. The output is used in lubricant specifications.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): BTC235/1998: UAP on ISO 6743-4 when available (TA/990104) ++ new TC forecast in BP Bli 991022 ++ New TC forecasts in rev BP (NT/01-01-02)
- Standard – translation7 pagesSlovenian languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20884:2011 specifies a wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) test method for the determination of the sulfur content of liquid, homogeneous automotive fuels from 5 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg, which have a maximum oxygen content of 3,7 % (m/m). This product range covers diesel fuels containing up to about 10 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and motor gasolines containing up to about 10 % (V/V) ethanol.
Products with higher oxygen content show significant matrix effects, e.g. FAME used as biodiesel. Nevertheless, FAME may be analysed when the corresponding procedures are followed.
Other products may be analysed with this test method. However, precision data for products other than those mentioned have not been established for ISO 20884:2011.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20844:2004 specifies a method to assess the resistance to shear stresses applied to mineral oils, synthetic oils and other fluids containing polymers, when passed through a specified diesel injector nozzle. The shear stability is measured by the change in viscosity of the fluid under test, brought about by the polymer degradation during stress. Under normal circumstances, ISO 20844:2004 is applied to hydraulic fluids of categories HR and HV as defined in ISO 6743-4 and specified in ISO 11158, but it may also be applied to fire-resistant hydraulic fluids within categories HFA, HFB, HFC and HFD, with modified conditions as specified in ISO 12922.
No formal correlation has been established between the viscosity loss, or the absence of viscosity loss, obtained using the procedures described in ISO 20844:2004 and that of oils and fluids in actual service. However, ISO 20844:2004 provides standardized conditions for the evaluation of polymer stability under minimized thermal and oxidative stresses. It is normally used by manufacturers of fluids and additives, and users, as a means of ranking existing and potential formulations.
Changes to properties other than viscosity are specified in some specifications, but these are not covered by the procedures specified in ISO 20844:2004.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20884:2011 specifies a wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) test method for the determination of the sulfur content of liquid, homogeneous automotive fuels from 5 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg, which have a maximum oxygen content of 3,7 % (m/m). This product range covers diesel fuels containing up to about 10 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and motor gasolines containing up to about 10 % (V/V) ethanol.
Products with higher oxygen content show significant matrix effects, e.g. FAME used as biodiesel. Nevertheless, FAME may be analysed when the corresponding procedures are followed.
Other products may be analysed with this test method. However, precision data for products other than those mentioned have not been established for ISO 20884:2011.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20623:2003 specifies procedures for the measurement of the extreme-pressure (EP) and anti-wear properties of lubricating oils and fluids by means of the four ball machine. The conditions of test are those that apply in Europe and other areas that have similar electrical supply characteristics (200 V to 250 V, 50 Hz). In North America, the conditions of test are slightly different, but provide a similar ranking of the lubricating properties of fluids. The test conditions are not intended to simulate particular service conditions, but to provide information over a range of standard conditions for the purpose of research, development, quality control and fluid ranking. The output is used in lubricant specifications.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20844:2004 specifies a method to assess the resistance to shear stresses applied to mineral oils, synthetic oils and other fluids containing polymers, when passed through a specified diesel injector nozzle. The shear stability is measured by the change in viscosity of the fluid under test, brought about by the polymer degradation during stress. Under normal circumstances, ISO 20844:2004 is applied to hydraulic fluids of categories HR and HV as defined in ISO 6743-4 and specified in ISO 11158, but it may also be applied to fire-resistant hydraulic fluids within categories HFA, HFB, HFC and HFD, with modified conditions as specified in ISO 12922.
No formal correlation has been established between the viscosity loss, or the absence of viscosity loss, obtained using the procedures described in ISO 20844:2004 and that of oils and fluids in actual service. However, ISO 20844:2004 provides standardized conditions for the evaluation of polymer stability under minimized thermal and oxidative stresses. It is normally used by manufacturers of fluids and additives, and users, as a means of ranking existing and potential formulations.
Changes to properties other than viscosity are specified in some specifications, but these are not covered by the procedures specified in ISO 20844:2004.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): BTC235/1998: UAP on ISO 6743-4 when available (TA/990104) ++ new TC forecast in BP Bli 991022 ++ New TC forecasts in rev BP (NT/01-01-02)
- Standard – translation7 pagesSlovenian languagee-Library read for1 day
Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): BTC235/1998: UAP on ISO 12922 when available (TA/990104) ++ new TC forecast in BP Bli 991022 ++ New TC forecasts in rev BP (NT/01-01-02)
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): BTC235/1998: UAP on ISO 12922 when available (TA/990104) ++ new TC forecast in BP Bli 991022 ++ New TC forecasts in rev BP (NT/01-01-02)
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20783-1:2003 specifies a test method to assess the stability of emulsions within the category HFAE, as defined in ISO 6743-4, made up with waters having clearly-defined concentrations of salts. This method is applicable only to HFAE fluids and not to HFAS fluids.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20843:2003 specifies a test method to determine the pH value of non-flammable fluids within categories HFAE, HFAS and HFC, as classified in ISO 6743-4:1999.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 4404-2:2003 specifies a procedure for the determination of the corrosion-inhibiting properties of non-aqueous hydraulic fluids within the category HFD, as classified in ISO 6743-4.
It provides a qualitative assessment of corrosion of five of the most common metals used in the construction of hydraulic systems, but other metals and/or alloys could be added or substituted for these metals for particular installations.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20783-1:2003 specifies a test method to assess the stability of emulsions within the category HFAE, as defined in ISO 6743-4, made up with waters having clearly-defined concentrations of salts. This method is applicable only to HFAE fluids and not to HFAS fluids.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 20843:2003 specifies a test method to determine the pH value of non-flammable fluids within categories HFAE, HFAS and HFC, as classified in ISO 6743-4:1999.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 4404-2:2003 specifies a procedure for the determination of the corrosion-inhibiting properties of non-aqueous hydraulic fluids within the category HFD, as classified in ISO 6743-4.
It provides a qualitative assessment of corrosion of five of the most common metals used in the construction of hydraulic systems, but other metals and/or alloys could be added or substituted for these metals for particular installations.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
Frequently Asked Questions
An EU Directive is a legislative act of the European Union that sets out goals that all EU member states must achieve. However, it is up to each member state to devise their own laws on how to reach these goals through national transposition. Directives are used to harmonize laws across the EU, particularly for the functioning of the single market.
Directive 92/104/EC covers "Council Directive 92/104/EEC of 3 December 1992 on the minimum requirements for improving the safety and health protection of workers in surface and underground mineral-extracting industries (twelfth individual Directive within the meaning of Article 16 (1) of Directive 89/391/EEC)". There are 36 standards associated with this directive.
Harmonized standards under 92/104/EC are European standards (ENs) developed by CEN, CENELEC, or ETSI in response to a mandate from the European Commission. When these standards are cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with them benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of 92/104/EC, facilitating CE marking and free movement within the European Economic Area.