SIST EN ISO 20623:2004

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Minaralölerzeugnisse und verwandte Produkte - Bestimmung der EP-Eigenschaften und Verschleißkennwerte von Flüssigkeiten - Verfahren mit dem 4-Kugel-Apparat (Europäische Bedingungen) (ISO 20623:2003)Pétrole et produits connexes - Détermination des propriétés extreme pression et anti-usure des fluides - Essai a quatre billes (conditions européennes) (ISO 20623:2003)Petroleum and related products - Determination of the extreme-pressure and anti-wear properties of fluids - Four ball method (European conditions) (ISO 20623:2003)75.100MazivaLubricants, industrial oils and related productsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN ISO 20623:2003SIST EN ISO 20623:2004en01-julij-2004SIST EN ISO 20623:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARD



SIST EN ISO 20623:2004



EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN ISO 20623December 2003ICS 75.100English versionPetroleum and related products - Determination of the extreme-pressure and anti-wear properties of fluids - Four ball method(European conditions) (ISO 20623:2003)Pétrole et produits connexes - Détermination des propriétésextrême pression et anti-usure des fluides - Essai à quatrebilles (conditions européennes) (ISO 20623:2003)Minaralölerzeugnisse und verwandte Produkte -Bestimmung der EP-Eigenschaften undVerschleißkennwerte von Flüssigkeiten - Verfahren mitdem 4-Kugel-Apparat (Europäische Bedingungen) (ISO20623:2003)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 November 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2003 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 20623:2003: ESIST EN ISO 20623:2004



EN ISO 20623:2003 (E)2CORRECTED
2004-03-03ForewordThis document (EN ISO 20623:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28"Petroleum products and lubricants" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 19"Petroleum products, lubricants and related products", the secretariat of which is held by NEN.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication ofan identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2004, and conflicting nationalstandards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2004.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations ofthe following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland andthe United Kingdom.Endorsement noticeThe text of ISO 20623:2003 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 20623:2003 without anymodifications.NOTE
Normative references to International Standards are listed in Annex ZA (normative).SIST EN ISO 20623:2004



EN ISO 20623:2003 (E)3Annex ZA(normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their relevant European publicationsThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from otherpublications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and thepublications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions ofany of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it byamendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred toapplies (including amendments).NOTE Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicatedby (mod.), the relevant EN/HD applies.PublicationYearTitleENYearISO 683-171999Heat-treated steels, alloy steelsand free-cutting steels - Part 17:Ball and roller bearing steelsEN ISO 683-171999ISO 31701988Petroleum liquids - ManualsamplingEN ISO 31701998SIST EN ISO 20623:2004



SIST EN ISO 20623:2004



Reference numberISO 20623:2003(E)© ISO 2003
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO20623First edition2003-12-01Petroleum and related products — Determination of the extreme-pressure and anti-wear properties of fluids — Four ball method (European conditions) Pétrole et produits connexes — Détermination des propriétés extrême pression et anti-usure des fluides — Essai quatre billes (conditions européennes)
SIST EN ISO 20623:2004



ISO 20623:2003(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
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SIST EN ISO 20623:2004



ISO 20623:2003(E) © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword.iv 1 Scope.1 2 Normative references.1 3 Terms and definitions.1 4 Principle.2 5 Reagents and materials.3 5.1 Cleaning solvents.3 6 Apparatus.3 6.1 Four-ball extreme-pressure lubricant testing machine.3 6.2 Friction recording device (optional).5 6.3 Loading discs.5 6.4 Microscope.5 6.5 Timer.5 6.6 Test balls.6 6.7 Assembly device.6 7 Samples and sampling.6 8 Preparation of apparatus.6 9 General procedure.6 10 Test procedures.7 10.1 Mean Hertz load (MHL).7 10.2 Wear-load curve, welding load, flash temperature parameter and initial seizure load.8 10.3 Wear test.8 11 Calculations.8 11.1 General.8 11.2 Mean Hertz load.8 11.3 Wear-load curve, flash temperature parameter and initial seizure load.9 12 Expression of results.10 13 Precision.10 13.1 General.10 13.2 Repeatability.11 13.3 Reproducibility.11 14 Test report.11 Annex A (normative)
Mean Hertz load data sheet.12 Annex B (normative)
Calibration of friction recorder springs.14 Bibliography.17
SIST EN ISO 20623:2004



ISO 20623:2003(E) iv © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 20623 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products and lubricants.
SIST EN ISO 20623:2004



INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20623:2003(E) © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved 1 Petroleum and related products — Determination of the extreme-pressure and anti-wear properties of fluids — Four ball method (European conditions)
WARNING — The use of this International Standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This International Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies procedures for the measurement of the extreme-pressure (EP) and anti-wear properties of lubricating oils and fluids by means of the four ball machine. The conditions of test are those that apply in Europe and other areas that have similar electrical supply characteristics (200 V to 250 V, 50 Hz). In North America, the conditions of test are slightly different, but provide a similar ranking of the lubricating properties of fluids. The test conditions are not intended to simulate particular service conditions, but to provide information over a range of standard conditions for the purpose of research, development, quality control and fluid ranking. The output is used in lubricant specifications. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 683-17:1999, Heat-treated steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels — Part 17: Ball and roller bearing steels ISO 3170:—1), Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 wear removal of metal from the test pieces NOTE Under conditions of low load and low friction, wear causes only small circular scars on the three stationary balls and a ring on the rotating ball. The diameters of these scars are slightly larger than the diameter of the indentation due to the static load (Hertz diameter).
1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 3170:1988) SIST EN ISO 20623:2004



ISO 20623:2003(E) 2 © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved 3.2 seizure localized fusion of metal between the rubbing surfaces of the test pieces NOTE Seizure is indicated by an increase in friction and wear, and results in roughened scars and a ring on the balls. 3.3 weld fusion of metal between the rubbing surfaces sufficient for metal to merge and the balls to weld together in the form of a pyramid 3.4 mean Hertz load MHL single number representation, of the overall wear-load diagram that covers loads from well below seizure to welding NOTE The MHL is expressed in newtons. 3.5 wear-load curve logarithmic plot of the load against the mean wear-scar diameter 3.6 flash temperature parameter FTP single number representation of the critical flash temperature above which a given fluid will fail under given conditions NOTE Under the conditions of this International Standard, the FTP is given by: 1,410FTPmd= where m is the applied load, expressed in newtons; d is the wear-scar diameter at load 10m, expressed in millimetres. 3.7 initial seizure delay load lowest load at which seizure occurs 3.8 2,5 second seizure delay load load corresponding to a 2,5 s delay between the start of the run and the onset of seizure 4 Principle A single ball is rotated in contact with three fixed balls, the fluid under test being used to lubricate the balls. A lever enables loads to be applied and resulting measurements of wear, friction and weld are obtained. SIST EN ISO 20623:2004



ISO 20623:2003(E) © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved 3 5 Reagents and materials 5.1 Cleaning solvents Solvents appropriate to the material last tested. For mineral oils, light hydrocarbons and acetone are suitable. For some hydraulic fluids, an alcohol of low molecular mass will assist in the first cleaning stage. 6 Apparatus WARNING — The apparatus requires the use of heavy mass discs and due care shall be exercised when applying them or removing them from the load lever. The apparatus also contains unguarded rotating components, and due care shall be taken to avoid contact with the shaft, or entrainment of clothing or hair. 6.1 Four-ball extreme-pressure lubricant testing machine Essentially a device by means of which a bearing ball may be rotated in contact with three fixed bearing balls immersed in the fluid under test, with no provision for temperature control. A sectional view is illustrated in Figure 1. Loads are applied to the balls by means of discs on a load lever. The upper rotating ball is held in a special chuck (see Figure 2) at the lower end of the vertical spindle of a constant-speed electric motor, operating at 147 rad/s to 157 rad/s (1 450 r/min to 1 500 r/min). The lower fixed balls are held against each other in a steel cup by means of a clamping ring and locking nut. The cup assembly is supported, above the load lever, by a disc which rests on a thrust bearing, thus allowing horizontal displacement and automatic alignment of the three lower balls against the upper ball. The frictional torque exerted on the three lower balls is measured by means of a calibrated arm, attached to the cup assembly, which is connected to the spring of a friction recording device (6.2). NOTE It is important to distinguish between the four-ball extreme-pressure lubricant testing machine specified in this International Standard, and the four ball wear tester, which is limited to loads of up to 500 N. SIST EN ISO 20623:2004



ISO 20623:2003(E) 4 © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
Key
1 ball chuck holder 8 brass shims 2 ball chuck 9 rubber disc 3 cam for removing ball chuck 10 step bearing 4 ball pot assembly 11 counter-weighted lever arm 5 ball pot mounting disc 12 fulcrum 6 thrust bearing 13 step bearing 7 cross head 14 pressure pin Figure 1 — Illustrative secti
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