CEN/TC 154/SC 6 - Test methods

This document specifies the reference method used for type testing and in case of dispute, for determining the resistance to wear of coarse aggregates (main text) and aggregates for railway ballast (Annex A) by abrasion in the micro-Deval apparatus. Other methods can be used for other purposes, such as factory production control, provided that an appropriate working relationship with the relevant reference method has been established.
This document applies to natural, manufactured, recycled or lightweight (LWA) aggregates.
NOTE   This document does not apply to all types of LWA.
The reference test is performed with the addition of water. Annex B gives details of how the test can be performed without the addition of water.
Annex A specifies the method to determine the resistance to wear of aggregates for railway ballast without abrasive charge.
Annex C specifies the test performed with alternative narrow size fractions.
Annexes D and E specify methods for determining the wear of fine aggregates.
Precision data for the reference test method are given in Annex F.
Annex A is normative and Annexes B, C, D, E and F are informative.
WARNING – The use of this part of EN 1097 can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment (such as dust, noise and heavy lifts). It does not purport to address all of the safety or environmental problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of users of this document to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel and the environment prior to application of this document, and fulfil statutory and regulatory requirements for this purpose.

This document specifies a basic procedure for the identification of the petrographic type of natural aggregates. It applies for usual requirements for the procedure and terminology for simplified petrographic description. Precise petrographic identification, of technical mineralogy and petrography for civil engineering or specific end uses, requires further examination and is therefore excluded from the scope of this document.
NOTE 1 In principle, a qualified geologist (petrographer), with experience of materials used in civil engineering and aware of the composition of the deposit, has sufficient skills to sample and name the rock.
NOTE 2 For precise petrographic identification and technical requirements for specific applications, a non-exhaustive list of reference literature is given in the Bibliography.
This document applies only to natural aggregates. It is used to describe rocks and sediments. It does not apply to the description and identification of manufactured or recycled aggregates.
Informative Annex A provides guidance on the petrographic nomenclature by giving definitions of simple petrographic terms applicable to rock types used for aggregates.

This document specifies the reference method used for type testing, and in case of dispute, for determining the flow coefficient of coarse and fine aggregates. Other methods can be used for other purposes, such as factory production control, provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. Examples of advanced test methods can be found in the Bibliography.
This document applies to coarse aggregate of sizes between 4 mm and 20 mm and to fine aggregate of size up to 2 mm. It does not apply to lightweight aggregates.
NOTE 1   For coarse aggregates between 4 mm and 20 mm, the flow coefficient is linked with the percentage of crushed or broken surfaces of an aggregate and can therefore be used in association with the method specified in EN 933-5. Shape and surface texture characteristics also influence the result.
NOTE 2   Experience of this test has been generally limited to natural aggregates.
Examples of test data sheets are given in informative Annexes A and C.
Annex B (informative) contains precision data.
WARNING - The use of this part of EN 933 can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment (such as dust, noise and heavy lifts). It does not purport to address all of the safety or environmental problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of users of this document to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel and the environment prior to application of the standard, and fulfil statutory and regulatory requirements for this purpose.

This document specifies the reference method, used for type testing and in case of dispute, for the determination of the percentages of crushed particles, totally crushed particles and totally rounded particles in coarse and all-in natural aggregates. Other methods can be used for other purposes, such as factory production control, provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.
NOTE 1   Examples of advanced test methods can be found in the Bibliography.
This document applies to coarse aggregates comprising particles within size fraction 4/63 mm. It does not apply to lightweight aggregates.
NOTE 2   For coarse aggregate between 4 mm and 20 mm the percentages of crushed surfaces are linked to the flow coefficient and can therefore be used in association with the test method specified in EN 933 6.
Clause 7.1 specifies the procedure for test portions consisting of one size fraction and Clause 7.2 specifies the procedure for test portions consisting of two or more size fractions.
Guidance for the estimated mass of various size fractions with about 100 particles is given in informative Annex A.
Examples of application of the test procedure and an example of a test data sheet are given in informative Annexes B and C.

This document specifies the reference method used for type testing and in cases of dispute for the determination of the particle density of filler by means of a pyknometer. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods can be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.
NOTE   Methods for determination of particle density of aggregates are specified in EN 1097 6.
Annex A specifies the procedure for determination of the pyknometer volume. Annex B specifies the procedure for determination of the density of the liquid used to determine the particle density of the filler. Annexes A and B are normative.
WARNING — The use of this part of EN 1097 can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment (such as liquids, dust, noise and heavy lifts). It does not purport to address all of the safety or environmental problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of users of this document to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel and the environment prior to application of the standard, and fulfil statutory and regulatory requirements for this purpose.

This document specifies the reference method used for type testing and in cases of dispute, for the determination of the methylene blue value of the size 0/2 mm fraction in fine aggregates or all-in aggregates (MB). It also specifies the reference method for the determination of the methylene blue value of the size 0/0,125 mm fraction (MBF) in normative Annex A. Other methods can be used for other purposes, such as factory production control, provided that an appropriate working relationship with the suitable reference method has been established.
Annex B specifies the preparation of 10 g/l methylene blue solution and Annex C specifies the procedure for the determination of the methylene blue value of kaolinite (MBk). Annexes B and C are normative.
A conformity check, adding a single quantity of dye solution equivalent to a specified limiting value and which can be used as part of a production control process, is described in informative Annex D.
An example of a test data sheet is given in informative Annex E.
WARNING – The use of this part of EN 933 can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment (such as dust, noise and heavy lifts). It does not purport to address all of the safety or environmental problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of users of this document to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel and the environment prior to application of the standard, and fulfil statutory and regulatory requirements for this purpose.

This document specifies the reference methods used for type testing and in case of dispute, for the determination of particle density and water absorption of normal weight and lightweight aggregates. Other methods can be used for other purposes, such as factory production control, provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. For convenience, some of these other methods are also described in this document.
The reference methods for normal weight aggregates are:
-   a wire basket method for aggregate particles retained on the 31,5 mm sieve (Clause 7, except for railway ballast which uses Annex B);
-   a pyknometer method for aggregate particles passing the 31,5 mm sieve and retained on the 4 mm sieve (Clause 8);
-   a pyknometer method for aggregate particles passing the 4 mm sieve and retained on the 0,063 mm sieve (Clause 9).
In Clauses 7, 8 and 9, three different particle densities (oven-dried particle density, saturated and surface-dried particle density and apparent particle density) and water absorption are determined after a soaking period of 24 h. In Annex B, the oven-dried particle density is determined after soaking in water to constant mass.
For aggregate particles passing the 31,5 mm sieve and retained on the 4 mm sieve, the wire basket method in Clause 7 can be used as an alternative to the pyknometer method in Clause 8.
NOTE 1   The wire basket method can also be used for single aggregate particles retained on the 63 mm sieve.
NOTE 2   The pyknometer method described in Clause 8 can be used as an alternative for aggregates passing the 4 mm sieve and retained on the 2 mm sieve.
The reference methods for lightweight aggregates are:
-   a pyknometer method for aggregate particles passing the 31,5 mm sieve and retained on the 4 mm sieve (Annex C). Three different particle densities (oven-dried; saturated and surface-dried; apparent) and water absorption are determined after pre-drying and a soaking period of 24 h;
-   a method, using a Büchner funnel, for aggregate particles passing the 4 mm sieve (Annex D). The three particle densities and water absorption are determined using a vacuum in the range of 50 mbar to 100 mbar for at least five minutes.
Three other methods for normal weight aggregates can be used to determine the pre-dried particle density, as specified in normative Annexes A and H:
-   a wire basket method for aggregate particles passing the 63 mm sieve and retained on the 31,5 mm sieve (A.3);
-   a pyknometer method for aggregate particles passing the 31,5 mm sieve and retained on the 0,063 mm sieve (A.4);
-   a pyknometer method for aggregate particles passing the 31,5 mm sieve, including the 0/0,063 mm size fraction (Annex H).
NOTE 3   If water absorption is less than about 1,5 %, the apparent particle density can be assessed using the pre-dried particle density method as defined in Annex A.
The quick method in normative Annex E can be used in factory production control to determine the apparent particle density of lightweight aggregates.
The method in informative Annex F can be used to determine the particle density and water absorption of aggregate particles passing the 4 mm sieve.
Data on the density of water at various temperatures is specified in normative Annex G.
Guidance on the significance and use of the various density and water absorption parameters is given in informative Annex I.
Precision data are presented in informative Annex J.

This document specifies the procedure for the determination of the water susceptibility of fillers for bituminous mixtures, by separation of filler from a bitumen filler mixture.
A method for the determination of water susceptibility by volume increase and loss of stability of a Marshall specimen is described in Annex A.

This document specifies the nominal size of apertures for test sieves used for determination of particle size of aggregates.
It applies to:
a)   test sieves of perforated metal plate having square holes of size from 4 mm and up to 125 mm;
b)   test sieves of metal wire cloth having aperture sizes below 4 mm down to 0,063 mm.

This document describes the reference method used for type testing and in case of dispute for determining the polished stone value (PSV) of a coarse aggregate used in road surfacings. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods are possible provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. Examples of advanced test methods can be found in the Bibliography.
Annex A describes an optional method for the determination of the aggregate abrasion value (AAV).
NOTE 1   The AAV method is suitable to use when particular types of skid resistant aggregates, (typically those with a PSV of 60 or greater) which can be susceptible to abrasion under traffic, are required.
The sample is taken from normal run of production from the plant.
NOTE 2   Chippings that have been freshly crushed in the laboratory or recovered from bituminous materials may give misleading results.

This document describes the reference method, the Los Angeles test, used for type testing and in case of dispute (and an alternative method, the impact test) for determining the resistance to fragmentation of coarse aggregates (main text) and aggregates for railway ballast (Annex A). For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods are possible provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.
This document applies to natural, manufactured or recycled aggregates used in building and civil engineering.
Annex A describes a method for the determination of resistance to fragmentation of aggregates for railway ballast.
Annex B gives alternative narrow range classifications for the Los Angeles test and the impact test.
Annex C contains construction, operation and safety requirements for the impact tester.
Annex D describes a method for checking of the impact tester.
Annex E gives precision data.
Annex F contains a worked example of calculation of impact value SZ.
Annex G gives an alternative narrow range classification for the Los Angeles test of 16/32 mm recycled aggregates.
Annex H proposes an additional sieve for the evaluation of the Los Angeles test for railway ballast.
Annex A is normative and Annexes B to H are informative.

This European Standard describes the reference method used for type testing and in case of dispute for the determination of the sand equivalent value of 0/2 mm fraction (for 0/4 mm, see Annex A) in fine aggregates or all-in aggregates. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.

This European Standard specifies the reference test method used for type testing, and in case of dispute, for determining the resistance to disintegration of lightweight aggregates (LWA) in accordance with EN 13055. For other purposes, in particular for factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established The test is applicable to LWA with particle size no lower than 4 mm and up to a maximum size of 32 mm.

This European Standard specifies the reference test method used for type testing, and in case of dispute, for determining the resistance to freezing and thawing of lightweight aggregates (LWA) in accordance with EN 13055. For other purposes, in particular for factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. The test is applicable to LWA with particle size not less than 4 mm and up to a maximum size of 32 mm.

This European Standard specifies the reference method used for type testing, and in case of dispute, for determining the compressibility and confined compressive strength of lightweight aggregates (LWA). For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.
The test is applicable to LWA passing the 32 mm sieve.

This European Standard specifies the procedure used to determine the stiffening effect of filler aggregate when mixed with bitumen.

This European Standard specifies procedures for the chemical analysis of aggregates. It specifies the reference procedures and, in certain cases, an alternative method which can be considered as giving equivalent results.
Unless otherwise stated, the test methods specified in this standard may be used for factory production control, for audit tests or for type tests.
This standard describes the reference methods used for type testing and in cases of dispute (and alternatives methods) for chemical analyses of aggregates. For the purpose of type testing and in cases of dispute only the reference method should be used. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.

This European Standard specifies a simple method for the examination of Municipal Incinerator Bottom Ash (MIBA) Aggregates for the purpose of estimating the relative proportions of metallic constituents.
This European Standard describes the reference methods used for type testing and, in case of dispute, for estimating the relative proportions of aluminium or other metallic constituents of MIBA Aggregates. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.
NOTE   MIBA Aggregates can also contain agglomerates which only contain a portion of metal. A supplementary method for preparation of a test portion containing agglomerated particles, using crushing and sieving, is given in Annex A (normative).

This European Standard specifies the test method used for the determination of the loss on ignition (LOI) of aggregates (MIBA Aggregates) produced by processing Municipal Incinerator Bottom Ash (MIBA).
This European Standard describes the reference method for LOI of MIBA Aggregates For the purpose of type testing and in case of dispute only the reference method should be used. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.

This European Standard describes the reference method, used for type testing and in case of dispute, for determination of the flakiness index of aggregates. For other purposes, in particular production control, other methods may be used, provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.
This European Standard applies to natural, manufactured or recycled aggregates.
The test procedure specified in this part of this European Standard is not applicable to particle sizes less than 4 mm or greater than 100 mm.

This European Standard describes the reference washing and dry sieving method used for type testing and in case of dispute, for determination of the particle size distribution of aggregates. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used, provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. It applies to all aggregates, including lightweight aggregates, up to 90 mm nominal size, but excluding filler.
NOTE 1   The determination of the grading of fillers is specified in EN 933-10 Assessment of fines — Grading of filler aggregates (air jet sieving).
NOTE 2   Dry sieving without washing may be used for aggregates free from particles which cause agglomeration.

This European Standard specifies methods for the determination of resistance to thermal shock of aggregates, subject to heating and drying in the production of hot bituminous mixtures.
This standard describes the reference method use for type testing and in case of dispute. For the purpose of type testing and in case of dispute only the reference method should be used. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided than an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.

This European Standard describes the reference method used for type testing and in cases of dispute for assessing how an aggregate behaves when subjected to the cyclic action of immersion in magnesium sulfate, followed by oven drying. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.
NOTE   The majority of aggregates can be tested for performance using this method.  Precision has been established for the rock types listed in Annex A. The test may not be suitable for all rock types and reservations have been expressed elsewhere in respect of some carbonate aggregates and some aggregates having a high proportion of magnesium bearing materials or of cryptocrystalline quartz.

This European Standard describes the reference method used for type testing and in cases of dispute for determining the particle size distribution up to 2 mm size of natural or manufactured origin filler aggregate using air jet sieving. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.
NOTE   A wet sieving procedure conforming to EN 933-1 can be used as an alternative method. However, this procedure is not applicable for mixed filler.

TC - Correction of Equation 1 (Equation A.1 of Annex A) and of the same equation in the last box of the example data sheet

This European Standard describes a simple method for the examination of coarse recycled aggregates for the purpose of identifying and estimating the relative proportions of constituent materials. This reference test method should be used for type testing and in case of dispute. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.
NOTE 1   This method is not appropriate for lightweight aggregates covered by EN 13055 series.
NOTE 2   If dangerous substances are found in while carrying out this method, they should be dealt with in accordance with regulations in the place of use.

This European Standard specifies a method of assessing the frost resistance of an aggregate when it is subjected to the cyclic action of freezing and thawing in the presence of 1 % solution of NaCl in de-ionized or distilled water.
The results of this test provide a means for assessing an aggregate’s resistance to this form of weathering in areas where frequent freeze-thaw cycling occurs with seawater sprays or abundant de-icers conditions, and where result values of EN 1367-1 test method do not describe correctly aggregate performance in extreme conditions.
This European Standard gives the option to control the thawing sequence either by immersion in water or by using air circulation in the low temperature cabinet to obtain the required reference temperature.
This test method is applicable to coarse aggregates or to coarse aggregates' fractions of all-in materials. This method is not appropriate for lightweight aggregates covered by EN 13055 or aggregates which can not be submitted to 110 °C oven drying.

This European Standard specifies a test method which provides information on how an aggregate behaves when it is subjected to the cyclic action of freezing and thawing.
NOTE   The stresses on aggregates due to frost depend, amongst other factors, on the degree of water saturation as well as the rate of cooling.
The results provide a means for assessing an aggregate's resistance to this form of weathering.
The test is applicable to aggregates having a particle size between 4 mm and 63 mm.

This European Standard specifies the procedure for the determination of the influence of water-soluble components from recycled aggregates on the initial setting time of cement.
NOTE   A procedure is described in EN 1744-1:1998, clause 15.3, for use with natural aggregates; this procedure is intended to demonstrate and quantify the effects of organic contaminators. It is not suitable for recycled aggregates because these may also contain inorganic contaminators.

This European Standard specifies the procedure for the determination of acid soluble chloride salts which may be present in aggregates. This test is suitable for aggregates where the chloride content does not derive directly from contact with, or immersion in, saline water. Examples of such aggregates are: recycled aggregates containing hydrated cement, where chloride may be bound as calcium chloroaluminates; and some aggregates from desert areas where chloride is occluded within the aggregate particles.

This European standard specifies a method for the preparation of eluates, by leaching of aggregates, for subsequent investigation of physical and chemical properties by existing standard methods for the purpose of compliance testing. It applies to unbound aggregates that have a particle size below 32 mm with or without size reduction (see clause 8).

Scope
This European Standard specifies methods for the determination of the presence of signs of "Sonnenbrand" in basalt and the disintegration of aggregate produced from basalt showing such signs.
The test is applicable to pieces of rock, and graded basalt coarse aggregates.

This European Standard gives definitions of repeatability and reproducibility adapted form ISO 5725-1 to the specific situation of sampling and testing aggregates. These adjustments have been made because test portions or test specimens of aggregates are usually not identical to each other as specified in ISO 5725-1.

This European Standard specifies methods for reducing laboratory samples of aggregates to test portions, a) when the test portion mass is: - specified by a lower limit on the mass, - specified by a tolerance around a target mass; - determined precisely by the requirements of a test method.

This European Standard specifies the test procedure for the determination of the loose bulk density of dry aggregate and the calculation of the voids.  The test is applicable to natural and artificial aggregates up to a maximum size of 63 mm. A method for the determination of the apparent (bulk) density of filler in kerosene is given in annex A.

This European Standard specifies the procedure for determining the apparent viscosity of a water-filler aggregate mixture, expressed numerically. The test procedure is applicable to filler aggregate used in bituminous mixtures to regulate production control.

This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of shell content of coarse aggregates.  It applies to gravel or mixed aggregate containing gravel.  The test method specified in this part of this European Standard is applicable to particle size fractions di/Di where Di<=63 mm and di>=4 mm.  NOTE: For aggregate sizes with D > 63 mm and/or d < 4 mm the test may be carried out on particle size fractions di/Di where Di<=63 mm and di>=4 mm.

This European Standard specifies methods for obtaining samples of aggregates from deliveries preparation and processing plants including stocks. The aim of sampling is to obtain a bulk sample that is representative of the average properties of the batch. The methods specified in this standard are also suitable for obtaining sampling increments which may be tested separately. Methods to be used for sample reduction are also given.

This document specifies the reference method used for type testing and in case of dispute, for determination of the particle size distribution of aggregates, by washing and dry sieving. Other methods can be used for other purposes, such as factory production control, provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.
This document applies to all aggregates, with an upper aggregate size D up to 90 mm, but excluding added filler aggregates.
NOTE The determination of the grading of fillers is specified in EN 933-10 [1].
Annex A specifies a test method for aggregates unsuitable for oven-drying.
Annex B specifies additional steps for preparation of the test portion for all-in aggregates with D ≥ 31,5 mm, without washing size fractions greater than 16 mm.
Annex C provides guidance for maximum mass on sieves to avoid overloading.
Annex D provides an example of test data sheet.
Annex E provides a sheet for graphical presentation of test results.
Annex F gives precision data.
Annex A is normative and Annexes B, C, D, E and F are informative.
WARNING - The use of this part of EN 933 can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment (such as dust, noise and heavy lifts). It does not purport to address all of the safety or environmental problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of users of this document to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel and the environment prior to application of the standard, and fulfil statutory and regulatory requirements for this purpose.

This European Standard describes the reference method used for type testing and in case of dispute for determining the polished stone value (PSV) of a coarse aggregate used in road surfacings. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. Examples of advanced test methods can be found in the Bibliography.
Annex A describes an optional method for the determination of the aggregate abrasion value (AAV).
NOTE   The AAV method is suitable to use when particular types of skid resistant aggregates, (typically those with a PSV of 60 or greater) which can be susceptible to abrasion under traffic, are required.

This European Standard describes the reference method, the Los Angeles test, used for type testing and in case of dispute (and an alternative method, the impact test) for determining the resistance to fragmentation of coarse aggregates (main text) and aggregates for railway ballast (Annex A). For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.
This European Standard applies to natural, manufactured or recycled aggregates used in building and civil engineering.
Annex A describes a method for the determination of resistance to fragmentation of aggregates for railway ballast.
Annex B gives alternative narrow range classifications for the Los Angeles test and the impact test.
Annex C contains construction, operation and safety requirements for the impact tester.
Annex D describes a method for checking of the impact tester.
Annex E gives precision data.
Annex F contains a worked example of calculation of impact value SZ.
Annex G gives an alternative narrow range classification for the Los Angeles test of 16/32 mm recycled aggregates.
Annex H proposes additional sieves for the evaluation of the Los Angeles test for railway ballast.
Annex A is normative and Annexes B to H are informative.

This Standard describes the reference method used for type testing and in cases of dispute for the determination of the sand equivalent value of 0/2 mm fraction (for 0/4 mm, see annex A) in fine aggregates or all-in aggregates. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. It applies to natural aggregates.

to replace clause A.1

To correct editorial changes

Specifies a method for the examination of coarse recycled aggregates and for the purposes of identifying and quantifying constituent materials.

This standard specifies procedures for the chemical analysis of aggregates. It specifies the reference procedures and, in certain cases, an alternative method which can be considered as giving equivalent results. Unless otherwise stated, the test methods specified in this standard may be used for factory production control, for audit tests or for type tests. This standard describes the reference methods used for type testing and in cases of dispute (and alternatives methods) for chemical analyses of aggregates. For the purpose of type testing and in cases of dispute only the reference method should be used. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established.

Specifies a method for the examination of coarse recycled aggregates and for the purposes of identifying and quantifying constituent materials.

This European Standard describes the reference method used for type testing and in case of dispute for determining the resistance to wear of coarse aggregates (main text) and aggregates for railway ballast (Annex A). For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. The sample is normally tested in a wet condition, but the test may also be carried out in a dry condition. This European Standard applies to natural, manufactured or recycled aggregates used in building or civil engineering.

This European Standard specifies the reference method used for type testing, and in case of dispute, for determining the flow coefficient of coarse and fine aggregates. For other purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. Examples of advanced test methods can be found in the Bibliography.
This European Standard applies to coarse aggregate of sizes between 4 mm and 20 mm and to fine aggregate of size up to 2 mm.
NOTE 1   For coarse aggregates between 4 mm and 20 mm, the flow coefficient is linked with the percentage of crushed or broken surfaces of an aggregate and can therefore be used in association with the method specified in EN 933-5. Shape and surface texture characteristics also influence the result.
NOTE 2   Experience of this test has been generally limited to natural aggregates.

This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the percentage of particles with crushed and broken surfaces in a sample of natural coarse aggregate. It applies to gravel or mixed aggregate containing gravel. The test method specified in this part of this European Standard is applicable to particle size fractions di/Di where Di <= 63 mm and di >= 4 mm.