IEC TS 63457-1:2025

IEC TS 63457-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2025-05
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION
Household and similar appliances – Subsequent safety testing after repair,
refurbishment, and remanufacturing –
Part 1: General requirements
ICS 13.120; 13.020.60 ISBN 978-2-8327-0426-4

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– 2 – IEC TS 63457-1:2025 © IEC 2025
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 General requirement . 7
5 General conditions for the tests . 7
6 Inspection and tests . 8
6.1 Repair, refurbishment and remanufacturing . 8
6.1.1 General . 8
6.1.2 Visual inspection . 8
6.1.3 Markings . 8
6.1.4 Testing of electrical safety of appliance after repair, refurbishing or
remanufacturing . 9
6.1.5 Functional test . 13
6.2 Report of inspection and tests . 14
Annex A (informative) Use of reused components . 22
Annex B (informative) Upgrade of appliance . 23
Annex C (informative) Inspection and test documentation . 24
Annex D (informative) Guidance on preparing a service manual by the manufacturer
or remanufacturer . 26
Bibliography . 28

Figure 1 – Example of test circuit for the measurement of protective earth resistance in
appliance that is disconnected from the supply mains . 15
Figure 2 – Examples of test circuit for measuring insulation resistance . 18
Figure 3 – Examples of test circuit for measuring protective earthing conductor current . 20
Figure 4 – Examples of test circuit for measuring touch-current . 21

Table 1 – Limits (minimum values) for insulation resistance . 11
Table 2 – Limits (maximum values) for touch-current . 13

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR APPLIANCES –
SUBSEQUENT SAFETY TESTING AFTER REPAIR,
REFURBISHMENT, AND REMANUFACTURING –

Part 1: General requirements
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
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preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
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Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in
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shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC TS 63457-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 61: Safety of household and
similar electrical appliances. It is a Technical Specification.
The text of this Technical Specification is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
61/7387/DTS 61/7433/RVDTS
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this Technical Specification is English.

– 4 – IEC TS 63457-1:2025 © IEC 2025
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
This Technical Specification is intended to be used in conjunction with the appropriate Parts 2
of the IEC TS 63457-2 series. The Parts 2 will contain clauses to supplement or modify the
corresponding clauses in this document to provide the relevant requirements for each type of
appliance.
The Parts 2 of the IEC TS 63457-2 series are under consideration.
Words in bold in the text are defined in Clause 3.
A list of all parts in the IEC 63457 series, published under the general title Household and
similar appliances – subsequent safety testing after repair, refurbishment, and remanufacturing,
can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn, or
• revised.
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR APPLIANCES –
SUBSEQUENT SAFETY TESTING AFTER REPAIR,
REFURBISHMENT, AND REMANUFACTURING –

Part 1: General requirements
1 Scope
This part of IEC 63457, which is Technical Specification (TS), is a product family standard
dealing with safety after repair, refurbishment, and remanufacturing of an appliance already
placed on the market and subsequent safety testing of appliances within the scope of IEC TC
61 and its subcommittees. This document takes precedence over horizontal and generic
standards covering the same subject. When a Part 2 of the IEC TS 63457-2 series does not
include additional requirements to cover hazards dealt with in this document, this document
applies. All tests included in this document are conducted by a qualified person or by a
supervised technician for specified activities. The use of reused components is addressed
in informative Annex A. Additional requirements for upgrade apply as given in informative
Annex B. Inspection and test documentation are prepared, for example, according to
informative Annex C. Furthermore, a guidance on preparing a service manual by the
manufacturer or remanufacturer is given in Annex D.
NOTE 1 This document does not apply to user maintenance.
This document does not cover:
– IEC standards published by TC 59 concerning methods of measuring performance;
– all safety requirements of the new product (IEC 60335 series standards);
– IEC standards published by TC 111 concerning environmental matters.
Product-specific deviations necessary for certain appliances, such as microwaves or gas
appliances, will be prepared by the applicable committee in the form of a Part 2 of the
IEC TS 63457-2 series taking into account the nature of the appliance by creating a document
with the modifications.
NOTE 2 Attention is drawn to the fact that in many countries, additional requirements on the safe use of the
appliance covered can be specified by the national health authorities, the national authorities responsible for the
protection of labour, the national water supply and similar authorities.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60335-1:2020, Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety – Part 1: General
requirements
IEC 60335-2 (all parts). Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety

– 6 – IEC TS 63457-1:2025 © IEC 2025
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60335-1 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
repair
process of returning a faulty product to a condition where it can fulfil its intended use
3.2
reused component
component (3.8) which was initially integrated into one appliance and is integrated into another
appliance, where its safety properties are equal to a new component for the same purposes
Note 1 to entry: Considerations of use of reused component (3.2) are addressed in informative Annex A.
3.3
upgrade
process of enhancing the functionality, capacity or aesthetics of an appliance but in such a way
that the upgrade is being covered by the initial testing being performed on the appliance
Note 1 to entry: Upgrade (3.3) can involve changes to the software, firmware, or hardware released that are
authorized by the manufacturer.
3.4
refurbishment
process for functional or aesthetical maintenance and if necessary, repair (3.1) of an appliance
to restore used appliances to original or other predetermined form and functionality
Note 1 to entry: Predetermined form and functionality are covered by the original type test result.
3.5
remanufacturing
process which produces a new appliance from used appliances where at least one change is
made which influences the safety, original performance, purpose or type of the appliance
Note 1 to entry: Remanufacturing (3.5) can include an upgrade (3.3).
3.6
qualified person
person with relevant education, training, knowledge and experience to perceive risks, to avoid
danger, and to conduct appropriate tests
Note 1 to entry: Attention is drawn to the fact that in many countries, specific requirements on the education and
training of the qualified person (3.6) are given by national authorities responsible for the protection of labour and
similar.
3.7
technician for specified activities
person who conducts repetitive engineering work according to work instruction, as specified
and supervised by the qualified person (3.6)
Note 1 to entry: Attention is drawn to the fact that in many countries, specific requirements regarding a supervised
person are given by national authorities responsible for the protection of labour and similar.

3.8
component
constituent of a product which cannot be fragmented without losing its particular function
EXAMPLE Resistor, capacitor, diode, antenna, screw, mounting bracket.
[SOURCE: IEC 63333:2023, 3.1]
3.9
manufacturer
natural or legal person who is responsible for the product including its documentation, for
example original equipment manufacturer
3.10
refurbisher
natural or legal person who carries out the process of refurbishment (3.4)
3.11
remanufacturer
natural or legal person who is responsible for the product including its documentation, where
an appliance is produced from used appliances in combination with new or reused components
where at least one change is made which influences the safety, original performance, purpose
or type of the appliance
4 General requirement
The manufacturer shall make available a service manual to qualified persons (3.6) once the
application is reviewed and accepted.
Appliances shall be tested after repair, refurbishment, remanufacturing, or upgrade to
ensure safety is not impaired. If for these verifications, the appliance has to undergo additional
tests or specific test equipment shall be used due to its function, the related information shall
be provided in the service manual. The testing procedures in the service manual shall clearly
warn of any foreseeable risk during testing.
NOTE 1 Annex D provides guidance on preparing a service manual by the manufacturer or remanufacturer.
Only new or reused components specified by the manufacturer shall be used for repair (3.1),
refurbishment (3.4), remanufacturing (3.5), and upgrade (3.3).
In general, this principle is achieved by fulfilling the relevant requirements specified in this
document and compliance is checked by carrying out all the relevant tests in Clause 6.
Additional care shall be taken for repair (3.1) which has to be conducted in ESD-protected
conditions.
For repair (3.1), refurbishment (3.4), remanufacturing (3.5), or upgrade (3.3), work records
shall be kept from a safety aspect. For upgrade (3.3), records shall be kept so that the history
of upgrade can be traced.
5 General conditions for the tests
The tests are carried out in an environment as specified in the service manual provided by the
manufacturer or remanufacturer, unless specified otherwise within this document.

– 8 – IEC TS 63457-1:2025 © IEC 2025
6 Inspection and tests
6.1 Repair, refurbishment and remanufacturing
6.1.1 General
After repair (3.1), refurbishment (3.4), or remanufacturing (3.5) of an appliance, the qualified
person (3.6) will conduct, depending on the appliance, the relevant inspection of 6.1.2 and
tests of 6.1.3 to 6.1.5 in the sequence given. Alternative tests resulting in an equivalent safety
level can be performed by the qualified person (3.6). These alternative tests shall be stated in
the inspection and test report.
For remanufacturing (3.5) additional tests apply as given in IEC 60335-1 and its product
specific Parts 2 as per local requirements.
NOTE If enclosures are replaced with a different type of enclosures, safety implications will be considered and
additional tests can be necessary.
6.1.2 Visual inspection
The visual inspection shall be conducted to detect any damage or contamination on the
appliance which could impair safety and fulfill the requirements of their intended use, and
include the following, as far as applicable:
– condition of all cables and connectors;
– condition of the mains plug and the mains connectors and conductors;
– defects of the strain relief and cord guard of the mains supply cord;
– condition of anchorage, cable clip, accessible fuse insert;
– condition of the housing and protective cover that can give access to live parts or
dangerous moving parts;
– signs of overload or overheating or unintended use;
– signs of improper component change;
– identification of components and parts that are not provided by the manufacturer;
– signs of corrosion and improper ageing;
– condition of thermal or acoustic insulation materials;
– condition of cooling inlets (e.g. contamination, blockage);
– condition of air filter;
– integrity of container for water, air, or other medium,
– condition of pressure control valve;
– usability of switches, control and setup of appliance;
– readability of all safety relevant markings or symbols, of the ratings and of the position
indicators;
– all fuses accessible from the outside are complying with the data given by the manufacturer
(rated current, characteristics);
– the integrity of mechanical parts;
– condition of the accessories (e.g. detachable or fixed power supply cords tubing);
– signs of over-bending of cords, cables, hoses and tubing.
6.1.3 Markings
If markings affecting safety are not legible or missing and therefore need replacement or
following a remanufacturing (3.5) new safety markings are needed, this shall be done with the
appropriate marking. It shall be ensured the markings are durable as described within 7.14 of
IEC 60335-1:2020 and the relevant IEC 60335-2 series.

Appliances that are refurbished or remanufactured shall be marked by the refurbisher or
remanufacturer on the appliance with information on the entity that conducted the operation.
For appliances having limited dimensions not allowing this marking, a label consisting of the
label "R" shall be put on while the information related to the entity may be included in the
appliance accompanying documentation.
NOTE Examples of markings which are important to correct are missing warning labels on covers and worn
indications on control knobs for the direction of rotation.
6.1.4 Testing of electrical safety of appliance after repair, refurbishing or
remanufacturing
6.1.4.1 General
After repair (3.1), refurbishment (3.4) or remanufacturing (3.5) of an appliance, the following
points shall be checked:
a) protective earthing bonding to all accessible conductive parts connected for safety reasons
to protective earth, as specified in 6.1.4.2;
b) insulation by measuring the insulation resistance between live parts and conductive
accessible parts:
– connected to protective earth (primarily on class I appliance);
– protected by double or reinforced insulation and not connected to protective earth;
– protected by SELV/PELV:
as specified in 6.1.4.3;
c) compliance with the limits for leakage currents by measuring of:
– the protective earthing conductor current, as specified in 6.1.4.4;
– the touch-current of accessible conductive parts not connected to protective earth, if
applicable, as specified in 6.1.4.5;
NOTE 1 The measurement of touch current can be omitted on supply cords and cord sets.
NOTE 2 In general this document does not address the measurement of DC leakage currents.
d) compliance with the requirements for the protective measure SELV/PELV by measuring the
output voltage, if the output voltage is accessible, as specified in 6.1.4.6;
e) the correct polarity of the individual wires in rewireable non-reversible connectors, and
rewireable plugs;
f) additional safety measures of appliances, as specified in 6.1.4.7.
NOTE 3 Accommodations will be made in recognition of the fact that some test equipment is not transportable from
a repair facility, which will limit in-home appliance safety testing.
6.1.4.2 Measurement of protective earthing bonding resistance
The integrity of the connection between the protective earth terminal of the appliance (where
applicable contact on the mains plug) and each accessible conductive part intended to be
connected to the protective earth shall be confirmed. Additional confirmation is necessary for
all parts that are visible during repair.
The integrity of those connections shall be confirmed by:
– visually inspecting the entire length of the protective earth path according to 6.1.2;
– measuring the resistance of each protective earthing terminal; and
NOTE 1 During the measurement the conductor is flexed over the entire length and at the point of entry on the
appliance and the mains plug.
– checking by hand to ensure that the anchorages and the inlets of each connector are
properly fixed.
– 10 – IEC TS 63457-1:2025 © IEC 2025
Test circuit accordi
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