EN 60731:1997

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-1998
Medical electrical equipment - Dosimeters with ionization chambers as used in
radiotherapy (IEC 60731:1997)
Medical electrical equipment - Dosimeters with ionization chambers as used in
radiotherapy
Medizinische elektrische Geräte - Dosimeter mit Ionisationskammern zur Anwendung in
der Strahlentherapie
Appareils électromédicaux - Dosimètres à chambre d'ionisation utilisés en radiothérapie
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60731:1997
ICS:
11.040.50 Radiografska oprema Radiographic equipment
17.240 Merjenje sevanja Radiation measurements
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

NORME
CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
INTERNATIONAL
Deuxième édition
STANDARD
Second edition
1997-07
Appareils électromédicaux –
Dosimètres à chambres d’ionisation
utilisés en radiothérapie
Medical electrical equipment –
Dosimeters with ionization chambers
as used in radiotherapy
 IEC 1997 Droits de reproduction réservés  Copyright - all rights reserved
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For price, see current catalogue

60731 © IEC:1997 – 3 –
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD . 11
INTRODUCTION . 13
Clause
1 Scope and object. 15
2 Normative references . 17
3 Terminology and definitions . 19
4 General requirements . 31
4.1 Performance requirements . 31
4.2 REFERENCE VALUES and STANDARD TEST VALUES . 31
4.3 General test conditions and methods . 33
4.3.1 STANDARD TEST CONDITIONS . 33
4.3.2 Test of components. 33
4.3.3 RATED or EFFECTIVE RANGE of DOSE (or KERMA) RATES. 33
4.3.4 Uncertainty of measurement . 35
4.3.5 Adjustments during test . 35
4.3.6 Test conditions particular to CHAMBER ASSEMBLIES. 35
4.3.7 Test conditions particular to MEASURING ASSEMBLIES. 35
4.3.8 Test conditions particular to STABILITY CHECK DEVICES . 37
4.3.9 Use of STABILITY CHECK DEVICES. 37
4.4 Summary tables . 37
Table 1 – REFERENCE CONDITIONS and STANDARD TEST CONDITIONS
1a – CHAMBER ASSEMBLY . 39
1b – MEASURING ASSEMBLY . 39
Table 2 – Limits of PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS at STANDARD TEST CONDITIONS
2a – CHAMBER ASSEMBLY . 41
2b – MEASURING ASSEMBLY . 41
Table 3 – LIMITS OF VARIATION of PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS for effects of
INFLUENCE QUANTITIES and INSTRUMENT PARAMETERS
3a – CHAMBER ASSEMBLY . 43
3b – MEASURING ASSEMBLY . 47
3c – CHAMBER and MEASURING ASSEMBLIES combined . 49
4.5 Classification of equipment according to LIMITS OF VARIATION. 49
4.5.1 FIELD-CLASS DOSIMETER. 49
4.5.2 REFERENCE-CLASS DOSIMETER. 49

60731 © IEC:1997 – 5 –
Clause Page
5 CHAMBER ASSEMBLY performance requirements. 51
5.1 General performance requirements for (RADIOTHERAPY) IONIZATION CHAMBERS . 51
5.1.1 CHAMBER ASSEMBLY LEAKAGE CURRENT without irradiation . 51
5.1.2 Stability. 51
5.1.3 STABILIZATION TIME . 53
5.1.4 Post-irradiation leakage. 53
5.1.5 RATED or EFFECTIVE RANGE of DOSE RATE (continuous radiation) . 55
5.1.6 Maximum RATED DOSE per pulse (pulsed radiation) . 57
5.1.7 STRAY RADIATION . 59
5.1.8 Guard/collector insulation. 61
5.1.9 Cable microphony . 61
5.1.10 Polarity of polarizing voltage effect . 61
5.1.11 Electromagnetic compatibility . 63
5.2 Performance requirements particular to SHELL CHAMBERS . 63
5.2.1 Dependence on radiation quality. 65
5.2.2 RATED RANGE of field sizes . 69
5.2.3 CHAMBER orientation. 73
5.3 Performance requirements particular to PARALLEL-PLATE CHAMBERS . 73
5.3.1 Dependence on radiation quality. 75
5.3.2 RATED RANGE of field sizes. 77
HAMBER
5.3.3 C orientation. 77
5.4 Performance requirements particular to VENTED CHAMBERS. 79
5.4.1 Atmospheric pressure change . 79
5.4.2 Temperature . 79
5.4.3 Humidity. 81
5.5 Performance requirements particular to SEALED CHAMBERS . 81
5.5.1 Atmospheric pressure change . 81
5.5.2 Temperature . 83
6. MEASURING ASSEMBLY performance requirements. 83
6.1 General performance requirements for (RADIOTHERAPY) DOSIMETERS . 85
6.1.1 EFFECTIVE RANGES . 85
6.1.2 RESOLUTION of the display. 85
6.1.3 Repeatability . 87
6.1.4 Long-term stability. 87
6.1.5 STABILIZATION TIME. 89
6.1.6 Electromagnetic compatibility . 89
6.2 Performance requirements particular to DOSIMETERS . 91
6.2.1 ZERO DRIFT . 91
6.2.2 ZERO SHIFT . 93
6.2.3 NON-LINEARITY . 95

60731 © IEC:1997 – 7 –
Clause Page
6.2.4 Range changing . 97
6.2.5 Dead time . 99
6.2.6 Temperature . 99
6.2.7 Humidity. 101
6.2.8 STRAY RADIATION effect. 101
6.2.9 Charge leakage. 103
6.2.10 DOSE RATE dependence of DOSIMETERS . 103
6.3 Performance requirements particular to DOSE RATEMETERS . 105
6.3.1 ZERO DRIFT . 105
6.3.2 ZERO SHIFT . 107
6.3.3 NON-LINEARITY . 109
6.3.4 Range changing . 111
6.3.5 RESPONSE TIME . 113
6.3.6 Temperature . 115
6.3.7 Humidity. 115
6.3.8 STRAY RADIATION effect. 117
6.4 Performance requirements particular to battery-operated MEASURING ASSEMBLIES 119
6.4.1 Operating battery life. 119
MEASURING
6.5 Performance requirements particular to supply mains-operated
ASSEMBLIES . 119
6.5.1 Mains voltage – static. 119
6.5.2 Mains voltage – variation during a measurement . 119
7 STABILITY CHECK DEVICE performance requirements . 121
7.1 General performance requirements for STABILITY CHECK DEVICES . 121
7.1.1 Long-term stability. 121
7.1.2 Repeatability . 121
8 Constructional requirements as related to PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS . 123
8.1 Constructional requirements on CHAMBER ASSEMBLIES . 123
8.2 Constructional requirements on MEASURING ASSEMBLIES . 123
8.2.1 Adjustment of RESPONSE . 123
8.2.2 Display device. 123
8.2.3 Battery indication and compensation . 125
8.2.4 Input current threshold . 125
8.2.5 Automatic termination of measurement in the DOSE mode. 125
8.3 Constructional requirements on STABILITY CHECK DEVICES . 127
8.3.1 General constructional requirements on STABILITY CHECK DEVICES . 127
8.3.2 Constructional requirements particular to a radioactive type STABILITY
CHECK DEVICE . 127
8.3.3 Constructional requirements particular to an overall STABILITY CHECK
DEVICE. 127

60731 © IEC:1997 – 9 –
Clause Page
8.4 Constructional requirements on PHANTOMs and build-up caps. 127
8.4.1 PHANTOMs . 127
9 Marking . 129
9.1 Marking required on CHAMBER ASSEMBLY . 129
9.2 Marking required on MEASURING ASSEMBLY . 129
9.3 Marking required on STABILITY CHECK DEVICE . 131
9.4 Marking required on PHANTOM or build-up cap .
...