EN 62040-1:2008
(Main)Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) - Part 1: General and safety requirements for UPS
Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) - Part 1: General and safety requirements for UPS
IEC 62040-1:2008 applies to uninterruptible power systems (UPS) with an electrical energy storage device in the d.c. link. It is used with IEC 60950-1, which is referred to in this standard as 'RD' (reference document). It is applicable to UPS which are movable, stationary, fixed or for building-in, for use in low-voltage distribution systems and intended to be installed in any operator accessible area or in restricted access locations as applicable. It specifies requirements to ensure safety for the operator and layman who may come into contact with the equipment and, where specifically stated, for the service person. It cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 62040-1-1, published in 2004 and IEC 62040-1-2, published in 2004 and constitutes a technical revision. This standard merges all requirements of previous IEC 62040-1-1 and IEC 62040-1-2, with the addition of the following: - update of normative references including IEC 60950-1 as Reference Document (RD); - harmonization and alignment with current world recognized best practices; - enhancement of backfeed protection, definition of ground-fault, revision of temperature rise tables and of hydrogen concentration in battery compartments. The contents of the corrigendum of September 2008 have been included in this copy.
Unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgungssysteme (USV) - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen und Sicherheitsanforderungen
Alimentations sans interruption (ASI) - Partie 1: Exigences générales et règles de sécurité pour les ASI
La CEI 62040-1 2008 s'applique aux alimentations sans interruption (ASI) possédant un dispositif d'accumulation de l'énergie sur la liaison à courant continu. Elle est utilisée conjointement avec la CEI 60950-1, qui est référencée 'RD' (document de référence) dans la présente norme. Elle s'applique aux ASI mobiles, fixes ou installées, pour utilisation sur systèmes de distribution basse tension et destinées à être installées dans toute zone accessible aux opérateurs ou dans des emplacements à accès restreint, selon le cas. Elle spécifie des exigences destinées à assurer la sécurité des opérateurs ou des ouvriers qui peuvent se trouver en contact avec le matériel et, lorsque cela est spécifiquement précisé, du personnel de maintenance. Elle annule et remplace la première édition de la CEI 62040-1-1, publiée en 2004 et la CEI 62040-1-2, publiée en 2004 et constitue une révision technique. Cette norme reprend toutes les exigences des précédentes CEI 62040-1-1 et CEI 62040-1-2, avec en plus les suivantes: - mise à jour des références normatives incluant la CEI 60950-1 comme Document de Référence (RD); - harmonisation et alignement des meilleures pratiques actuelles reconnues mondialement; - accroissement de la protection contre les retours de tension, définition du défaut d'isolement, révision des tableaux d'échauffement et de la concentration en hydrogène dans les compartiments de batterie. Le contenu du corrigendum de septembre 2008 a été pris en considération dans cet exemplaire.
Sistemi z neprekinjanim napajanjem (UPS) - 1. del: Splošne in varnostne zahteve za UPS (IEC 62040-1:2008 (EQV) + corrigendum Aug. 2008)) (vsebuje popravek AC:2009)
Ta del IEC 62040 se nanaša na sisteme neprekinjenega napajanja (UPS) z napravo za shranjevanje električne energije v enosmerni povezavi. Uporablja se z IEC 60950-1, ki je v tem standardu označen z »RD« (referenčni dokument). OPOMBA Aplikacije UPS za shranjevanje energije običajno uporabljajo kemične baterije. Uporabljajo se lahko tudi druge naprave. Ko se torej v besedilu tega standarda pojavi »baterija«, se ponekod to lahko razume kot »naprava za shranjevanje energije«. Ko smo na točko usmerjeni s frazo »Upoštevajo se definicije ali določbe elementa/RD«, ta fraza pomeni, da se upoštevajo definicije ali določbe v tej točki IEC 60950-1, razen takšnih, ki očitno ne veljajo za sisteme neprekinjenega napajanja. Upoštevajo se nacionalne zahteve poleg IEC 60950-1, najdete pa jih pod opombami pod ustreznimi točkami RD. Primarna funkcija sistemov neprekinjenega napajanja v okviru tega standarda je zagotavljanje neprekinjenega vira izmeničnega napajanja. Sistem neprekinjenega napajanja se lahko uporablja tudi za izboljšanje kakovosti napajanja, tako da ga ohranja v okviru določenih karakteristik. Ta standard se nanaša na sisteme neprekinjenega napajanja, ki so premični, stacionarni, fiksni ali namenjeni vgradnji, za uporabo v nizkonapetostnih razdelilnih sistemih in namenjeni vgradnji na katero koli mesto, ki je dostopno operaterjem ali na ustrezne lokacije z omejenim dostopom. Določa zahteve za zagotavljanje varnosti operaterja in nestrokovnjakov, ki pridejo v stik z opremo, in (če je to izrecno omenjeno) serviserjev. Ta standard zagotavlja varnost vgrajenih sistemov neprekinjenega napajanja tako kot samostojna enota sistema neprekinjenega napajanja ali kot sistem medsebojno povezanih enot sistema neprekinjenega napajanja, v skladu s smernicami za vgradnjo, upravljanje in vzdrževanje sistema neprekinjenega napajanja, ki jih je določil proizvajalec. Ta standard ne zajema sistema neprekinjenega napajanja, ki temelji na vrtečih se napravah. Zahteve in definicije za elektromagnetno združljivost (EMC) so podane v IEC 62040-2.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2009
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 62040-1-1:2003
SIST EN 62040-1-2:2003
Sistemi z neprekinjanim napajanjem (UPS) - 1. del: Splošne in varnostne zahteve
za UPS (IEC 62040-1:2008 (EQV) + popravek Aug. 2008)
Uninterruptible Power Systems (UPS) - Part 1: General and safety requirements for UPS
(IEC 62040-1:2008 (EQV) + corrigendum Aug. 2008)
Unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgungssysteme (USV) - Teil 1: Allgemeine
Anforderungen und Sicherheitsanforderungen (IEC 62040-1-1:2008 (EQV) +
Corrigendum Aug. 2008)
Alimentations sans interruption (ASI) - Part 1 : Exigences générales et règles de sécurité
pour les ASI (CEI 62040-1-1:2008 (EQV) + corrigendum Aug.2008)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 62040-1:2008
ICS:
29.200 8VPHUQLNL3UHWYRUQLNL Rectifiers. Convertors.
6WDELOL]LUDQRHOHNWULþQR Stabilized power supply
QDSDMDQMH
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 62040-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
November 2008
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 29.200 Supersedes EN 62040-1-1:2003 and EN 62040-1-2:2003
English version
Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) -
Part 1: General and safety requirements for UPS
(IEC 62040-1:2008 + corrigendum August 2008)
Alimentations sans interruption (ASI) - Unterbrechungsfreie
Partie 1: Exigences générales Stromversorgungssysteme (USV) -
et règles de sécurité pour les ASI Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen
(CEI 62040-1:2008 + und Sicherheitsanforderungen
corrigendum août 2008) (IEC 62040-1:2008 +
Corrigendum August 2008)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2008-09-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2008 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 62040-1:2008 E
Foreword
The text of document 22H/104/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62040-1, prepared by SC 22H,
Uninterruptible power systems (UPS), of IEC TC 22, Power electronic systems and equipment, was
submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 62040-1 on
2008-09-01.
This European Standard supersedes EN 62040-1-1:2003 + corrigendum August 2004 and
EN 62040-1-2:2003 + corrigendum August 2004.
addition of the following:
– update of normative references including EN 60950-1 as Reference Document (RD);
– harmonization and alignment with current world recognized best practices;
– enhancement of backfeed protection, definition of ground-fault, revision of temperature rise tables and
of hydrogen concentration in battery compartments.
This standard is to be used in conjunction with EN 60950-1:2006 which is referred to in this standard as
"RD".
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-06-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2011-09-01
In this standard, the following print types are used:
– requirements proper and normative annexes: in roman type;
– compliance statements and test specifications: in italic type;
– notes and other informative matter: in smaller roman type;
– normative conditions within tables: in smaller roman type;
– terms that are defined in Clause 3: bold.
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62040-1:2008 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60439-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60439-1:1999 (not modified).
IEC 60925 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60925:1991 (not modified).
IEC 60990 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60990:1999 (not modified).
IEC 61347 NOTE Harmonized in EN 61347 series (partially modified).
- 3 - EN 62040-1:2008
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1)
IEC 60364-4-42 - Electrical installations of buildings - - -
Part 4-42: Protection for safety - Protection
against thermal effects
IEC 60417 Data- Graphical symbols for use on equipment - -
base
1) 2)
IEC 60529 - Degrees of protection provided EN 60529 1991
by enclosures (IP Code) + corr. May 1993
IEC 60664 Series Insulation coordination for equipment EN 60664 Series
within low-voltage systems
1)
IEC/TR 60755 - General requirements for residual current - -
operated protective devices
IEC 60950-1 (mod) 2005 Information technology equipment - Safety - EN 60950-1 2006
Part 1: General requirements
1) 2)
IEC 61000-2-2 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - EN 61000-2-2 2002
Part 2-2: Environment - Compatibility levels
for low-frequency conducted disturbances and
signalling in public low-voltage power supply
systems
1) 2)
IEC 61008-1 (mod) - Residual current operated circuit-breakers EN 61008-1 2004
without integral overcurrent protection for + A11 2007
household and similar uses (RCCB's) -
Part 1: General rules
1) 2)
IEC 61009-1 (mod) - Residual current operated circuit-breakers EN 61009-1 2004
with integral overcurrent protection for + corr. July 2006
household and similar uses (RCBO's) - + A11 2008
Part 1: General rules
IEC 62040-2 2005 Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) - EN 62040-2 2006
Part 2: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) + corr. November 2006
requirements
IEC 62040-3 (mod) 1999 Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) - EN 62040-3 2001
Part 3: Method of specifying the performance
and test requirements
1)
Undated reference.
2)
Valid edition at date of issue.
IEC 62040-1
Edition 1.0 2008-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) –
Part 1: General and safety requirements for UPS
Alimentations sans interruption (ASI) –
Partie 1: Exigences générales et règles de sécurité pour les ASI
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
XB
CODE PRIX
ICS 29.200 ISBN 2-8318-9791-2
– 2 – 62040-1 © IEC:2008
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.6
1 Scope and specific applications.8
1.1 Scope.8
1.2 Specific applications.8
2 Normative references .9
3 Terms and definitions .10
3.1 General definitions .10
3.2 UPS electrical ratings.11
3.3 Load types .11
3.4 Connection to the supply .12
3.5 Circuits and circuit characteristics .12
3.6 Insulation .12
3.7 Equipment mobility .12
3.8 Insulation classes of UPS.12
3.9 Earth fault .12
3.10 Enclosures .12
3.11 Accessibility .12
3.12 Components .12
3.13 Power distribution.12
3.14 Flammability.12
3.15 Miscellaneous .12
3.16 Clearances and creepage distances .12
3.17 Telecommunication networks .13
4 General conditions for tests.13
4.1 Introduction .13
4.2 Type test .13
4.3 Operating parameters for tests .13
4.4 UPS loading during tests .14
4.5 Components .14
4.6 Power interfaces .14
4.7 Markings and instructions.15
4.7.1 General .15
4.7.2 Power rating .15
4.7.3 Safety instructions .15
4.7.4 Main voltage adjustment.17
4.7.5 Power outlets .17
4.7.6 Fuses .17
4.7.7 Wiring terminals .17
4.7.8 Battery terminals .17
4.7.9 Controls and indicators.18
4.7.10 Isolation of multiple power sources .18
4.7.11 IT power systems .18
4.7.12 Protection in building installation .18
4.7.13 High leakage current .18
4.7.14 Thermostats and other regulating devices .18
4.7.15 Language .18
62040-1 © IEC:2008 – 3 –
4.7.16 Durability of markings .18
4.7.17 Removable parts .18
4.7.18 Replaceable batteries.19
4.7.19 Operator access with a tool .19
4.7.20 Battery .19
4.7.21
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2009
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 62040-1-1:2003
SIST EN 62040-1-2:2003
Sistemi z neprekinjanim napajanjem (UPS) - 1. del: Splošne in varnostne zahteve
za UPS (IEC 62040-1:2008 (EQV) + corrigendum Aug. 2008)) (vsebuje popravek
AC:2009)
Uninterruptible Power Systems (UPS) - Part 1: General and safety requirements for UPS
(IEC 62040-1:2008 (EQV) + corrigendum Aug. 2008)
Unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgungssysteme (USV) - Teil 1: Allgemeine
Anforderungen und Sicherheitsanforderungen (IEC 62040-1-1:2008 (EQV) +
Corrigendum Aug. 2008)
Alimentations sans interruption (ASI) - Part 1 : Exigences générales et règles de sécurité
pour les ASI (CEI 62040-1-1:2008 (EQV) + corrigendum Aug.2008)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 62040-1:2008
ICS:
29.200 8VPHUQLNL3UHWYRUQLNL Rectifiers. Convertors.
6WDELOL]LUDQRHOHNWULþQR Stabilized power supply
QDSDMDQMH
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 62040-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
November 2008
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 29.200 Supersedes EN 62040-1-1:2003 and EN 62040-1-2:2003
Incorporates corrigendum February 2009
English version
Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) -
Part 1: General and safety requirements for UPS
(IEC 62040-1:2008 + corrigendum September 2008)
Alimentations sans interruption (ASI) - Unterbrechungsfreie
Partie 1: Exigences générales Stromversorgungssysteme (USV) -
et règles de sécurité pour les ASI Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen
(CEI 62040-1:2008 + und Sicherheitsanforderungen
corrigendum septembre 2008) (IEC 62040-1:2008 +
Corrigendum September 2008)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2008-09-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2008 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 62040-1:2008 E
Foreword
The text of document 22H/104/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62040-1, prepared by SC 22H,
Uninterruptible power systems (UPS), of IEC TC 22, Power electronic systems and equipment, was
submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 62040-1 on
2008-09-01.
This European Standard supersedes EN 62040-1-1:2003 + corrigendum August 2004 and
EN 62040-1-2:2003 + corrigendum August 2004.
addition of the following:
– update of normative references including EN 60950-1 as Reference Document (RD);
– harmonization and alignment with current world recognized best practices;
– enhancement of backfeed protection, definition of ground-fault, revision of temperature rise tables and
of hydrogen concentration in battery compartments.
This standard is to be used in conjunction with EN 60950-1:2006 which is referred to in this standard as
"RD".
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-06-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2011-09-01
In this standard, the following print types are used:
– requirements proper and normative annexes: in roman type;
– compliance statements and test specifications: in italic type;
– notes and other informative matter: in smaller roman type;
– normative conditions within tables: in smaller roman type;
– terms that are defined in Clause 3: bold.
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
The contents of the corrigendum of February 2009 have been included in this copy.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62040-1:2008 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60439-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60439-1:1999 (not modified).
IEC 60925 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60925:1991 (not modified).
IEC 60990 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60990:1999 (not modified).
IEC 61347 NOTE Harmonized in EN 61347 series (partially modified).
- 3 - EN 62040-1:2008
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1)
IEC 60364-4-42 - Electrical installations of buildings - - -
Part 4-42: Protection for safety - Protection
against thermal effects
IEC 60417 Data- Graphical symbols for use on equipment - -
base
1) 2)
IEC 60529 - Degrees of protection provided EN 60529 1991
by enclosures (IP Code) + corr. May 1993
IEC 60664 Series Insulation coordination for equipment EN 60664 Series
within low-voltage systems
1)
IEC/TR 60755 - General requirements for residual current - -
operated protective devices
IEC 60950-1 (mod) 2005 Information technology equipment - Safety - EN 60950-1 2006
Part 1: General requirements
1) 2)
IEC 61000-2-2 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - EN 61000-2-2 2002
Part 2-2: Environment - Compatibility levels
for low-frequency conducted disturbances and
signalling in public low-voltage power supply
systems
1) 2)
IEC 61008-1 (mod) - Residual current operated circuit-breakers EN 61008-1 2004
without integral overcurrent protection for + A11 2007
household and similar uses (RCCB's) -
Part 1: General rules
1) 2)
IEC 61009-1 (mod) - Residual current operated circuit-breakers EN 61009-1 2004
with integral overcurrent protection for + corr. July 2006
household and similar uses (RCBO's) - + A11 2008
Part 1: General rules
IEC 62040-2 2005 Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) - EN 62040-2 2006
Part 2: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) + corr. November 2006
requirements
IEC 62040-3 (mod) 1999 Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) - EN 62040-3 2001
Part 3: Method of specifying the performance
and test requirements
1)
Undated reference.
2)
Valid edition at date of issue.
IEC 62040-1
Edition 1.0 2008-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) –
Part 1: General and safety requirements for UPS
Alimentations sans interruption (ASI) –
Partie 1: Exigences générales et règles de sécurité pour les ASI
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
XB
CODE PRIX
ICS 29.200 ISBN 2-8318-9791-2
– 2 – 62040-1 © IEC:2008
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.6
1 Scope and specific applications.8
1.1 Scope.8
1.2 Specific applications.8
2 Normative references .9
3 Terms and definitions .10
3.1 General definitions .10
3.2 UPS electrical ratings.11
3.3 Load types .11
3.4 Connection to the supply .12
3.5 Circuits and circuit characteristics .12
3.6 Insulation .12
3.7 Equipment mobility .12
3.8 Insulation classes of UPS.12
3.9 Earth fault .12
3.10 Enclosures .12
3.11 Accessibility .12
3.12 Components .12
3.13 Power distribution.12
3.14 Flammability.12
3.15 Miscellaneous .12
3.16 Clearances and creepage distances .12
3.17 Telecommunication networks .13
4 General conditions for tests.13
4.1 Introduction .13
4.2 Type test .13
4.3 Operating parameters for tests .13
4.4 UPS loading during tests .14
4.5 Components .14
4.6 Power interfaces .14
4.7 Markings and instructions.15
4.7.1 General .15
4.7.2 Power rating .15
4.7.3 Safety instructions .15
4.7.4 Main voltage adjustment.17
4.7.5 Power outlets .17
4.7.6 Fuses .17
4.7.7 Wiring terminals .17
4.7.8 Battery terminals .17
4.7.9 Controls and indicators.18
4.7.10 Isolation of multiple power sources .18
4.7.11 IT power systems .18
4.7.12 Protection in building installation .18
4.7.13 High leakage current .18
4.7.14 Thermostats and other regulating devices .18
4.7.15 Language .18
62040-1 © IEC:2008 – 3 –
4.7.16 Durability of markings .18
4.7.17 Removable parts .18
4.7.18 Replaceable batteries.19
4.7.19 Operator access with a tool .
...
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