Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)

Applies to the classification of degrees of protection provided by enclosures for electrical equipment with a rated voltage not exceeding 72,5 kV. Has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.

Schutzarten durch Gehäuse (IP-Code)

Degrés de protection procurés par les enveloppes (Code IP)

S'applique à la classification des degrés de protection procurés par les enveloppes pour les matériels électriques de tension assignée inférieure ou égale à 72,5 kV. A le statut d'une publication fondamentale de sécurité conformément au Guide 104.

Stopnja zaščite, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje (koda IP) (IEC 60529:1989) (vsebuje popravek AC:1993)

Ta standard se uporablja za klasifikacijo stopenj zaščite, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje električne opreme, katere nazivna napetost ne presega 72,5 kV.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
20-Oct-1991
Withdrawal Date
30-Jun-1992
Current Stage
6060 - Document made available - Publishing
Start Date
21-Oct-1991
Completion Date
21-Oct-1991

Relations

Standard
EN 60529:1997
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Standards Content (Sample)


SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-1997
Stopnja zaščite, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje (koda IP) (IEC 60529:1989) (vsebuje
popravek AC:1993)
Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
Schutzarten durch Gehäuse (IP-Code)
Degrés de protection procurés par les enveloppes (Code IP)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60529:1991
ICS:
13.260 Varstvo pred električnim Protection against electric
udarom. Delo pod napetostjo shock. Live working
29.100.99 Drugi sestavni deli za Other components for
električne naprave electrical equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE IEC
INTERNATIONAL
Deuxième édition
STANDARD
Second edition
1989-11
DEUXIÈME
IMPRESSION 1992 SECOND IMPRESSION 1992
Degrés de protection procurés par
les enveloppes (Code IP)
Degrees of protection provided by
enclosures (IP Code)
© CEI 1989 Droits de reproduction réservés — Copy
right — all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut étre reproduite ni
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun pro-
any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
cédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et including photocopying and microfilm, without permission
les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. in writing from the publisher.
Bureau Central de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale 3, rue de Varembé
Genève, Suisse
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale CODE PRIX , A r
International Electrotechnical Commission PRICE CODE VV
MewnynapopIaa 3neffrpoTexHHgecnaa 1 0MHCCUa
IEC
• • Pour prix,
voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue

CEI 60529 IEC 60529
(Edition consolidée 2.1 – 2001) (Consolidated edition 2.1– 2001)
Degrés de protection procurés par les Degrees of protection provided
enveloppes (Code IP)  by enclosures (IP Code)

CORRIGENDUM 2
Page 83 Applies to French text only.
Figure 6 – Appareil pour la vérification de
la protection contre les jets d’eau (buse)

Au lieu de:
D’ = 15,5 pour l’essai de 14.2.6 (deuxiéme
chiffre caractéristique 6)
lire:
D’ = 12,5 pour l’essai de 14.2.6 (deuxiéme

chiffre caractéristique 6)
Octobre 2007 October 2007
— 3 —
529 ©IEC
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD 5
PREFACE 5
INTRODUCTION 7
Clause
1. Scope
Object 7
2.
3. Definitions 9
4. Designations
s and against solid foreign
5. Degrees of protection against access to hazardous pa rt
objects indicated by the first characteristic numeral
6. Degrees of protection against ingress of water indicated by the second characteristic
numeral 21
7. Degrees of protection against access to hazardous pa rts indicated by the additional
letter
8. Supplementary letters 27
9. Examples of designations with the IP Code
10. Marking 31
ll. General requirements for tests 31
rts indicated by the first
12. Tests for protection against access to hazardous pa
characteristic numeral
Tests for protection against solid foreign objects indicated by the first characteristic
13.
numeral
14. Tests for protection against water indicated by the second characteristic numeral
rts indicated by the additional
15. Tests for protection against access to hazardous pa
letter
FIGURES 58
A (informative) – Examples of IP Coding for the verification of protection of
ANNEX
low-voltage equipment against access to hazardous pa rts 64
(informative) – Summary of responsibilities of relevant Technical Committees . 71
ANNEX B
529 © IEC — 5 —
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
DEGREES OF PROTECTION PROVIDED
BY ENCLOSURES
(IP Code)
FOREWORD
1) The formal decisions or agreements of the I EC on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on which all
the National Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the subjects dealt with.
2) They have the form of recommendations for international use and they are accepted by the National Committees in
that sense.
3) In order to promote international unification, the IEC expresses the wish that all National Committees should adopt
the text of the IEC recommendation for their national rules in so far as national conditions will permit. Any
divergence between the IEC recommendation and the corresponding national rules should, as far as possible, be
clearly indicated in the latter.
PREFACE
This standard has been prepared by IEC Technical Committee No. 70: Degrees of
protection by enclosures.
This second edition of I E C 529 replaces the first edition of 1976.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
Six Months' Rule Report on Voting Two Months' Procedure Report on Voting
70(CO)13 70(CO)15 70(C0)16 70(CO)17
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the Voting
Reports indicated in the above table.
The following IEC publications are quoted in this standard:
Publications Nos. 50(826) (1982): International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV), Chapter 826: Electrical
installations of buildings.
1: General and guidance.
68-1 (1988): Environmental testing, Pa rt
71-2 (1976): Insulation co-ordination, Part 2: Application guide.

529 © IEC — 7 —
DEGREES OF PROTECTION PROVIDED
BY ENCLOSURES
(IP Code)
INTRODUCTION
This standard describes a system for classifying the degrees of protection provided by the
enclosures of electrical equipment. Whilst this system is suitable for use with most types of
electrical equipment, it should not be assumed that all the listed degrees of protection are
applicable to a particular type of equipment. The manufacturer of the equipment should be
s of equipment to
consulted to determine the degrees of protection available and the pa rt
which the stated degree of protection applies.
The adoption of this classification system, wherever possible, will promote uniformity in
methods of describing the protection provided by the enclosure and in the tests to prove the
various degrees of protection. It should also reduce the number of types of test devices
necessary to test a wide range of products.
I E C 529 takes account of experiences with the first edition, and
This second edition of
clarifies the requirements. It provides for an optional extension of the IP Code by an
additional letter A, B, C, or D if the actual protection of persons against access to hazardous
parts is higher than that indicated by the first characteristic numeral.
In general, enclosures with an IP coding to the first edition would be eligible for the same
code according to this edition.
1. Scope
This standard applies to the classification of degrees of protection provided by
enclosures for electrical equipment with a rated voltage not exceeding 72,5 kV.
2. Object
The object of this standard is to give:
for degrees of protection provided by enclosures of electrical equipment as
a) Definitions
regards:
rts inside the enclosure;
1) protection of persons against access to hazardous pa
protection of the equipment inside the enclosure against ingress of solid foreign
2)
objects;
protection of the equipment inside the enclosure against harmful effects due to the
3)
ingress of water.
b) Designations for these degrees of protection.
c) Requirements for each designation.

529©IEC — 9 —
d) Tests to be performed to verify that the enclosure meets the requirements of this
standard.
It will remain the responsibility of individual Technical Committees to decide on the
extent and manner in which the classification is used in their standards and to define
"enclosure" as it applies to their equipment. However, it is recommended that for a
given classification the tests do not differ from those specified in this standard. If
necessary, complementary requirements may be included in the relevant product standard.
A guide for the details to be specified in relevant product standards is given in Annex B.
For a particular type of equipment, a Technical Committee may specify different
requirements provided that at least the same level of safety is ensured.
This standard deals only with enclosures that are in all other respects suitable for their
intended use as specified in the relevant product standard and which from the point of
view of materials and workmanship ensure that the claimed degrees of protection are
maintained under the normal conditions of use.
This standard is also applicable to empty enclosures provided that the general test
requirements are met and that the selected degree of protection is suitable for the type
of equipment.
Measures to protect both the enclosure and the equipment inside the enclosure against
external influences or conditions such as
– mechanical impacts
– corrosion
– corrosive solvents (e. g. cutting liquids)
– fungus

vermin

solar radiation
– icing
– moisture (e. g. produced by condensation)
– explosive atmospheres
and the protection against contact with hazardous moving pa rts external to the
enclosure (such as fans),
are matters for the relevant product standard.
Barriers external to the enclosure and not attached to it and obstacles which have
been provided solely for the safety of personnel are not considered as a part of the
enclosure and are not dealt with in this standard.
3. Definitions
For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply:
3.1 Enclosure
A part providing protection of equipment against ce rtain external influences and, in
any direction, protection against direct contact (IEV 826-03-12) *.
* I E C 50(826).
529 © I EC - ll —
Note. — This definition taken from the existing International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) needs the
following explanations under the scope of this standard:
rts.
1) Enclosures provide protection of persons or livestock against access to hazardous pa
2) Barriers, shapes of openings or any other means — whether attached to the enclosure or formed by
the enclosed equipment — suitable to prevent or limit the penetration of the specified test probes are
considered as a pa rt of the enclosure, except when they can be removed without the use of a key or
tool.
3.2 Direct contact
Contact of persons or livestock with live pa rts (IEV 826-03-05).
Note. — This IEV definition is given for information. In this standard "Direct contact" is replaced by "Access to
hazardous parts".
3.3 Degree of protection
The extent of protection provided by an enclosure against access to hazardous pa rts,
against . ingress of solid foreign objects and/or against ingress of water and verified by
standardized test methods.
IP Code
3.4
A coding system to indicate the degrees of protection provided by an enclosure against
s, ingress of solid foreign objects, ingress of water and to give
access to hazardous pa rt
additional information in connection with such protection.
3.5 Hazardous part
A part that is hazardous to approach or touch.
Hazardous live part
3.5.1
ain conditions of external influences, can give an electric
A live part which, under cert
shock (see IEC 536, at present Document 64(CO)196).
3.5.2 Hazardous mechanical part
A moving part, other than a smooth rotating shaft, that is hazardous to touch.
3.6 Protection provided by an enclosure against access to hazardous parts
The protection of persons against
– contact with hazardous low-voltage live pa rts,
– contact with hazardous mechanical pa rts,
– approach to hazardous high-voltage live pa rts below adequate clearance inside an
enclosure.
Note. — This protection may be provided
—by means of the enclosure itself,
by means of barriers as part of the enclosure or distances inside the enclosure.

3.7 Adequate clearance for protection against access to hazardous parts
A distance to prevent contact or approach of an access probe to a hazardous pa rt .

529©IEC — 13 —
3.8 Access probe
rt of a person or a tool, or the
A test probe simulating in a conventional manner a pa
like, held by a person to verify adequate clearance from hazardous pa rts.
3.9 Object probe
A test probe simulating a solid foreign object to verify the possibility of ingress into
an enclosure.
Opening
3.10
ure in an enclosure which exists or may be formed by the application
A gap or apert
of a test probe at the specified force.
4. Designations
The degree of protection provided by an enclosure is indicated by the IP Code in the
following way:.
4.1 Arrangement of the IP Code

IP 3
Code letters r .
(International Protection)
First characteristic numeral
(numerals 0 to 6, or letter X)
Second characteristic numeral
(numerals 0 to 8, or letter X)
Additional letter (optional)
(letters A, B, C, D)
Supplementary letter (optional)
(letters H, M, S, W)
Where a characteristic numeral is not required to be specified, it shall be replaced by
the letter "X" ("XX" if both numerals are omitted).
Additional letters and/or supplementary letters may be omitted without replacement.
Where more than one supplementary letter is used, the alphabetic sequence shall apply.
If an enclosure provides different degrees of protection for different intended mounting
arrangements, the relevant degrees of protection shall be indicated by the manufacturer in
the instructions related to the respective mounting arrangements.
Details for the marking of an enclosure are given in Clause 10.

529 © I EC — 15 —
4.2 Elements of the IP Code and their meanings
A brief descri
ption of the IP Code elements is given in the following . chart. Full
details are specified in the clauses indicated in the last column.
Meaning for the
Numerals Meaning for the protection of
Element protection of Ref.
or letters equipment
persons
Code letters
IP
First characteristic
Against ingress of solid foreign objects Against access to Cl. 5
numeral
hazardous parts
with
(non-protected) (non-protected)
1 50 mm diameter
back of hand
2 12,5 mm diameter finger
2,5 mm diameter tool
4 1,0 mm diameter wire
5 dust-protected wire
6 dust-tight
wire
Second characteri-
Against ingress of water with harmful Cl. 6
stic numeral effects
0 (non-protected)
1 vertically dripping
2 dripping (15° tilted)
spraying
4 splashing
5 jetting
6 powerful jetting
7 temporary immersion
8 continuous immersion
Additional letter
Against access to Cl. 7
(optional)
hazardous parts
with:
A
back of hand
B finger
C
tool
D
wire
Supplementary Supplementary information specific to:
Cl. 8
letter (optional)
H
High-voltage apparatus
M Motion during water test
S Stationary during water test
W Weather conditions
4.3
Examples for the use of letters in the IP Code
The following examples are to explain the use and arrangement of letters in the IP
Code.
For more comprehensive examples see Clause 9.
IP44 — no letters, no options;
IPX5 — omitting first characteristic numeral;

529 ©IEC — 17 —
IP2X — omitting second characteristic numeral;
IP20C — using additional letter;
IPXXC — omitting both characteristic numerals, using additional letter;
IPX1C — omitting first characteristic numeral, using additional letter;
IP3XD — omitting second characteristic numeral, using additional letter;
IP23S — using supplementary letter;
IP2ICM — using additional letter and supplementary letter;
IPX5/IPX7 — giving two different degrees of protection by an enclosure against both
water jets and temporary immersion for "versatile" application.
5. Degrees of protection against access to hazardous pa rts and against solid foreign objects
indicated by the first characteristic numeral
The designation with a first characteristic numeral implies that conditions stated in
both 5.1 and 5.2 are met.
The first characteristic numeral indicates that:
rt
— the enclosure provides protection of persons against access to hazardous pa s by
rt of the human body or an object held by a
preventing or limiting the ingress of a pa
person;
and simultaneously
— the enclosure provides protection of equipment against the ingress of solid foreign
objects.
An enclosure shall only be designated with a stated degree of protection indicated by
the first characteristic numeral if it also complies with all lower degrees of protection.
However, the tests establishing compliance with any one of the lower degrees of
protection need not necessarily be carried out provided that these tests would obviously
be met if applied.
5.1 Protection against access to hazardous parts
Table I gives brief descriptions and definitions for the degrees of protection against
access to hazardous pa rts.
Degrees of protection listed in this table shall be specified only by the first
characteristic numeral and not by reference to the brief description or definition.
To comply with the conditions of the first characteristic numeral, adequate clearance
shall be kept between the access probe and hazardous pa rts.
The tests are specified in Clause 12.

529 © IEC — 19 —
TABLE I
Degrees of protection against access to hazardous parts indicated by
the first characteristic numeral
First Degree of protection Test
conditions,
characteristic
numeral Brief description Definition see
0 Non-protected – –
12.2
I Protected against access to ha- The access probe, sphere of 50 mm 0,
s with the back of shall have adequate clearance from hazar-
zardous part
a hand dous parts
2 Protected against access to ha- The jointed test finger of 12 mm 0, 12.2
s with a finger mm length, shall have adequate clearance
zardous part
from hazardous parts
3 Protected against access to ha- The access probe of 2,5 mm 0 shall not 12.2
zardous parts with a tool penetrate
4 Protected against access to ha- The access probe of 1,0 mm 0 shall not 12.2
zardous parts with a wire penetrate -
shall not 12.2
5 Protected against access to ha- The access probe of 1,0 mm 0
zardous parts with a wire penetrate
6 Protected against access to ha- The access probe of 1,0 mm 0 shall not 12.2
zardous parts with a wire penetrate
Note. — In the case of the first characteristic numerals 3, 4, 5 and 6, protection against access to hazardous
parts is satisfied if adequate clearance is kept.
Due to the simultaneous requirement specified in Table II the definition "shall not penetrate" is given
in Table I.
5.2 Protection against solid foreign objects
riptions and the definitions for the degrees of protection
Table .II gives brief desc
against the penetration of solid foreign objects including dust.
Degrees of protection listed in this table shall only be specified by the first
characteristic numeral and not by reference to the brief description or definition.
The protection against the ingress of solid foreign objects implies that the object
probes up to numeral 2 in Table II shall not fully penetrate the enclosure. This means
that the full diameter of the sphere shall not pass through an opening in the enclosure.
Object probes for numerals 3 and 4 shall not penetrate the enclosure at all.
Dust-protected enclosures to numeral 5 allow a limited quantity of dust to penetrate
under certain conditions.
Dust-tight enclosures to numeral 6 do not allow any dust to penetrate.
Enclosures assigned a first characteristic numeral of 1 to 4 generally exclude both regularly and
Note. —
irregularly shaped solid foreign objects provided that three mutually perpendicular dimensions of the
object exceed the appropriate figure in column 3 of Table II.
The tests are specified in Clause 13.

529©IEC — 21 —
TABLE II
Degrees of protection against solid foreign objects indicated by
the first characteristic numeral
First Degree of protection Test
conditions,
characteristic
numeral Brief description Definition see
Non-protected – –
mm 0, 13.2
1 Protected against solid foreign The object probe, sphere of 50
50 shall not fully penetrate')
objects of mm 0 and
greater
2 Protected against solid foreign The object probe, sphere of 12,5 mm 0, 13.2
objects of 12,5 mm 0 and shall not fully penetrate')
greater
3 2,5 mm 0 shall not 13.2
Protected against solid foreign The object probe of
objects of 2,5 mm 0 and penetrate at all')
greater
4 Protected against solid foreign The object probe of 1,0 mm 0 shall not 13.2
objects of 1,0 mm 0 and penetrate at all')
greater
5 13.4
Dust-protected Ingress of dust is not totally prevented,
but dust shall not penetrate in a quantity 13.5
to interfere with satisfactory operation of
the apparatus or to impair safety
6 Dust-tight No ingress of dust 13.4
13.5
') The full diameter of the object probe shall not pass through an opening of the enclosure.
6. Degrees of protection against ingress of water indicated by the second characteristic numeral
The second characteristic numeral indicates the degree of protection provided by
enclosures with respect to harmful effects on the equipment due to the ingress of water.
The tests for the second characteristic numeral are carried out with fresh water. The
actual protection may not be satisfactory if cleaning operations with high pressure and/or
solvents are used.
Table III gives brief descriptions and definitions of the protection for the degrees
represented by the second characteristic numeral.
Degrees of protection listed in this table shall be specified only by the second
characteristic numeral and not by reference to the brief description or definition.
The tests are specified in Clause 14.
Up to and including second characteristic numeral 6, the designation implies
compliance also with the requirements for all lower characteristic numerals. However, the
tests establishing compliance with any one of the lower degrees of protection need not
necessarily be carried out provided that these tests obviously would be met if applied.

529©IEC
— 23 —
An enclosure designated with second characteristic numeral 7 or 8 only is considered
unsuitable for exposure to water jets (designated by second characteristic numeral 5 or 6)
and need not comply with requirements for numeral 5 or 6 unless it is dual coded as
follows:
Enclosure passes test for:
temporary/continuous
Designation Range
water jets
immersion
and
of
second characteristic
second characteristic
marking application
numeral
numeral
5 7
IPX5/IPX7 Versatile
6 7
IPX6/IPX7 Versatile
8 IPX5/IPX8
Versatile
6 8
IPX6/IP.X8 Versatile
– 7 IPX7
Restricted
– 8 IPX8 Restricted
Enclosures for "versatile" application indicated in the last column shall meet
requirements for exposure to both water jets and temporary or continuous immersion.
Enclosures for "restricted" application indicated in the last column are considered
suitable only for temporary or continuous immersion and unsuitable for exposure to
water jets.
TABLE III
Degrees of protection against water indicated by the second characteristic numeral
Second Degree of protection
Test
charac-
conditions,
teristic
Brief description Definition
see
numeral
Non-protected – –
1 Protected against vertically Vertically falling drops shall have no 14.2.1
falling water drops
harmful effects
Protected against vertically fal- Vertically falling drops shall have no 14.2.2
ling water drops when enclo-
harmful effects when the enclosure is til-
sure tilted up to 15° ted at any angle up to 15° on either side
of the vertical
Protected against spraying water Water sprayed at an angle up to 60° on 14.2.3
either side of the vertical shall have no
harmful effects
Protected against splashing Water splashed against the enclosure from 14.2.4
water
any direction shall have no harmful ef-
fects
5 Protected against water jets Water projected in jets against the enclo-
14.2.5
sure from any direction shall have no
harmful effects
6 Protected against powerful
Water projected in powerful jets against 14.2.6
water jets the enclosure from any direction shall
have no harmful effects
529 © I EC
— 25
-7-
TABLE III (continued)
Second
Degree of protection
Test
charac-
conditions,
teristic
Brief description
Definition see
numeral
7 Protected against the effects of
Ingress of water in quantities causing
14.2.7
temporary immersion in water
harmful effects shall not be possible
when the enclosure is temporarily immer-
sed in water under standardized condi-
tions of pressure and time
8 Protected against the effects of
Ingress of water in quantities causing 14.2.8
continuous immersion in water harmful effects shall not be possible
when the enclosure is continuously im-
mersed in water under conditions which
shall be agreed between manufacturer and
user but which are more severe than for
numeral 7
7. Degrees of protection against access to hazardous pa
rts indicated by the additional letter
The additional letter indicates the degree of protection of persons against access to
hazardous pa
rts.
Additional letters are only used
- if the actual protection against access to hazardous pa
rts is higher than that indicated
by the first characteristic numeral
- or if only the protection against access to hazardous pa
rts is indicated, the first
characteristic numeral being then replaced by an X.
For example, such higher protection may be provided by barriers, suitable shape of
openings or distances inside the enclosure.
Table IV gives access probes considered by convention as representative of pa
rts of the
human body or objects held by a person and the definitions for the degrees of
protection against access to hazardous pa rts, indicated by additional letters.
An enclosure shall only be designated with a stated degree of protection indicated by
the additional letter if the enclosure also complies with all lower degrees of protection.
However, the tests establishing compliance with any one of the lower degrees of
protection need not necessarily be carried out provided that these tests obviously would
be met if applied.
The tests are specified in Clause 15.
See Annex A for examples of the IP Coding.

529 © IEC
— 27 —
TABLE IV
Degrees of protection against access to hazardous parts indicated by the additional letter
Degree of protection
Test
Additional
conditions,
letter
Brief description Definition see
A 0, 15.2
Protected against access with The access probe, sphere of 50 mm
the back of the hand shall have adequate clearance from
hazardous parts
B Protected against access with a The jointed test finger of 12 mm 0, 15.2
finger 80 mm length, shall have adequate clearance
from hazardous pa rts
C Protected against access with a The access probe of 2,5 mm 0, 100 mm 15.2
tool length, shall have adequate clearance
from hazardous parts
D Protected against access with a The access probe of 1,0 mm 0, 100 mm 15.2
wire length, shall have adequate clearance
from hazardous parts
8. Supplementary letters
In the relevant product standard, supplementary information may be indicated by a
supplementary letter following the second characteristic numeral or the additional letter.
shall conform with the requirements of this basic safety
Such exceptional cases
standard shall state clearly the additional procedure to be
standard and the product
carried out during tests for such a classification.
The letters listed below have already been designated and have the significance as
stated:
Letter Significance
H High-voltage apparatus
M Tested for harmful effects due to the ingress of water when the
movable parts of the equipment (e.g. the rotor of a rotating
machine) are in motion
S Tested for harmful effects due to the ingress of water when the
movable parts of the equipment (e.g. the rotor of a rotating
machine) are stationary
W Suitable for use under specified weather conditions and provided
with additional protective features or processes
Note. — In the first edition of IEC 529 the letter "W" with the same meaning was placed immediately after the
code letters "IP".
529 © IEC — 29 —
Other letters may be used in product standards. *
The absence of the letters S and M implies that the degree of protection does not
depend on whether pa rt
s of the equipment are in motion or not. This may necessitate
tests being done under both conditions. However, the test establishing compliance with
one of these conditions is generally sufficient, provided that the test in the other
condition obviously would be met if applied.
9. Examples of designations with the IP Code
9.1
IP Code not using optional letters:
IP
Code letters
1st characteristic numeral
2nd characteristic numeral
An enclosure with this designation (IP Code)
(3)
— protects persons, handling tools having a diameter of 2,5 mm and
greater, against access to hazardous pa rts;
— protects the equipment inside the enclosure against ingress of solid
foreign objects having a diameter of 2,5 mm and greater;
(4) — protects the equipment inside the enclosure against harmful effects
due to water splashed against the enclosure from any direction.
9.2
IP Code using optional letters:
IP 3 C S
Code letters
1st characteristic numeral
2nd characteristic numeral
Additional letter
Supplementary letter
* However, in order to avoid any duplicate use of supplementary letters the Secretariat of Technical Committee
No. 70 should be consulted before any new letter is introduced by another Technical Committee.

529COIEC — 31 —
An enclosure with this designation (IP Code)
(2) – protects persons against access to hazardous pa rts with fingers;
– protects the equipment inside the enclosure against ingress of solid foreign objects
having a diameter of 12,5 mm and greater;
(3) – protects the equipment inside the enclosure against the harmful effects due to water
sprayed against the enclosure;
(C) – protects persons handling tools having a diameter of 2,5 mm and greater and a
length not exceeding 100 mm against access to hazardous pa rts (the tool may
penetrate the enclosure up to its full length);
(S) – is tested for protection against harmful effects due to the ingress of water when all
the parts of the equipment are stationary.
10. Marking
The requirements for marking shall be specified in the relevant product standard.
Where appropriate, such a standard should also specify the method of marking which
is to be used when
of an enclosure has a different degree of protection to that of another pa rt
– one part
of the same enclosure;
– the mounting position has an influence on the degree of protection;
– the maximum immersion depth and time are indicated.
1l. General requirements for tests
11.1 Atmospheric conditions for water or dust tests
Unless otherwise specified in the relevant product standard, the tests should be carried
out under the standard atmospheric conditions described in I E C 68-1.
The recommended atmospheric conditions during the tests are as follows:

Temperature range: 15 °C to 35 °C

Relative humidity: 25% to 75%
Air pressure: 86 kPa to 106 kPa
(860 mbar to 1 060 mbar).
11.2 Test samples
The tests specified in this standard are type tests.
Unless otherwise specified in a relevant product standard, the test samples for each
rts in place and mounted in the
test shall be in a clean and new condition, with all pa
manner stated by the manufacturer.
If it is impracticable to test the complete equipment, representative pa rts or smaller
equipment having the same full-scale design details shall be tested.

IEC 529 © — 33 —
The relevant product standard shall specify details such as:
– the number of samples to be tested;
– conditions for mounting, assembling and positioning of the samples, for example by
the use of an artificial surface (ceiling, floor or wall);
Note. — This also applies to equipment intended to be united with other relevant equipment, e.g. components
which can be used either alone or in an assembly;
– the pre-conditioning, if any, which is to be used;
– whether to be tested energized or not;
– whether to be tested with its pa rts in motion or not.
In the absence of such specification, the manufacturer's instructions shall apply.
11.3
Application of test requirements and interpretation of test results
The application of the general requirements for tests and the acceptance conditions for
equipment containing drain-holes or ventilation openings is the responsibility of the
relevant Technical Committee.
In the absence of such specification the requirement of this standard shall apply.
The interpretation of test results is the responsibility of the relevant Technical
Committee. In the absence of a specification the acceptance conditions of this standard
shall at least apply.
11.4 Combination of test conditions for the first characteristic numeral
Designation with a first characteristic numeral implies that all test conditions are met
for this numeral:
TABLE V
Test conditions for degrees of protection indicated by
the first characteristic numeral
First Test for protection against
characteristic
numeral access to hazardous pa rts solid foreign objects
0 No test required No test required
shall not fully penetrate and adequate clearance shall be kept
1 The sphere of 50 mm 0
2 The jointed test finger may penetrate up to The sphere of 12,5 mm 0 shall not fully
its 80 mm length, but adequate clearance penetrate
shall be kept
3 - The test rod of 2,5 mm 0 shall not penetrate and adequate clearance shall be kept
shall not penetrate and adequate clearance shall be kept
4 The test wire of 1,0 mm 0
529 © I EC — 35 —
TABLE V (continued)
First Test for protection against
characteristic
solid foreign objects
numeral access to hazardous pa rts
Dust-protected as specified in Table II
5 The test wire of 1,0 mm 0 shall not pene-
trate and adequate clearance shall be kept
6 The test wire of 1,0 mm 0 shall not pene- Dust-tight as specified in Table II
trate and adequate clearance shall be kept
In the case of the first characteristic numerals 1 and 2, "not fully penetrate" means that the full diameter of
the sphere shall not pass through an opening of the enclosure.
11.5 Empty enclosures
If the enclosure is tested without equipment inside, detailed requirements shall be
ctions for the arrangement and
indicated by the enclosure manufacturer in his inst ru
s which might be affected by the penetration of
spacing of hazardous pa rts or part
foreign objects or water.
The manufacturer of the final assembly shall ensure that after the electrical equipment
is enclosed the enclosure meets the declared degree of protection of the final product.
12. Tests for protection against access to hazardous parts indicated by the first characteristic
numeral
12.1 Access probes
Access probes to test the protection of persons against access to hazardous pa rts are
given in Table VI.
12.2 Test conditions
The access probe is pushed against or (in case of the test for first characteristic
numeral 2) inserted through any openings of the enclosure with the force specified in
Table VI.
For tests on low-voltage equipment, a low-voltage supply (of not less than 40 V and
not more than 50 V) in series with a suitable lamp should be connected between the
s inside the enclosure. Hazardous live pa rts covered only
probe and the hazardous pa rt
with varnish or paint, or protected by oxidation or by a similar process, are covered by
a metal foil electrically connected to those pa rts which are normally live in operation.
rt
The signal-circuit method should also be applied to the hazardous moving pa s of
high-voltage equipment.
Internal moving pa rts may be operated slowly, where this is possible.

37 —
529 © IEC —
TABLE VI
Access probes for the tests for protection of persons against access to hazardous parts
Test
First Addit.
Access probe
force
numeral letter
50 N ± 10%
1 A Sphere 50 mm diameter
Approx. 100
+
do
Q MI
o
d
c
Handle Guard
Rig'd test sphere
(Insulating material)
(Metal)
440/89
10 N ± 10%
2 B Jointed test finger
Stop fac
(050x20)
N_
See Fig.1
for full
dimensions
Jointed test finger
(Metal)
Insulating material 80
441/89
3 N ± 10%
3 C Test rod 2,5 mm diameter, 100 mm long
Sphere 35 ± 0,2 o
do
^— Approx. 100 100 ± 0,2 — +
N
f1
Q
\
Rigid test rod
\
(Metal)
Edges free from burrs
Handle
Stop face
(Insulating material)
(Insulating material)
442/89
4, 5, 6 Test wire 1,0 mm diameter, 100 mm long 1 N ± 10%
D
Sphere 35 ± 0,2
►^- Approx. 100 — . 100 ± 0,2 — 0
d
!+ i
t9
Z4
Rigid test wire
(Metal) Handle Edges free from burrs
(Insulating material) Stop face
(Insulating material) 443/89
529 © I EC — 39 —
12.3 Acceptance conditions
The protection is satisfactory if adequate clearance is kept between the access probe
and hazardous parts.
For the test of first characteristic numeral 1, the access probe 50 mm diameter shall
not completely pass through the opening.
For the test of first characteristic numeral 2, the jointed test finger may penetrate to
(0 50 mm x 20 mm) shall not pass through the
its 80 mm length, but the stop face
opening. Starting from the straight position, both joints of the test finger shall be
successively bent through an angle of up to 90° with respect to the axis of the adjoining
section of the finger and shall be placed in every possible position.
See Annex A for further clarification.
Adequate clearance means:
12.3.1 For low-voltage equipment (rated voltages not exceeding 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c.):
The access probe shall not touch hazardous live pa rts.
If adequate clearance is verified by a signal circuit between the probe and hazardous
parts, the lamp shall not light.
Note. — The attention of relevant Technical Committees is drawn to the fact that in some types of electrical
equipment the maximum voltage produced internally (r.m.s. value or d.c. value of the working voltage)
is higher than the rated voltage of the equipment. This maximum voltage should be considered when
the dielectric test voltage and the adequate clearance are determined.
12.3.2 For high-voltage equipment (rated voltages exceeding 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c.):
When the access probe is placed in the most unfavourable position(s), the equipment
shall be capable of withstanding the dielectric tests as specified in the relevant product
standard applicable to the equipment.
Verification may be made either by dielectric test or by inspection of the specified
clearance dimension in air which would ensure that the tests would be satisfactory under
the most unfavourable electric field configuration (see I E C 71-2).
In the case where an enclosure includes sections at different voltage levels the
appropriate acceptance conditions for adequate clearance shall be applied for each
section.
Note. — The attention of relevant Technical Committees is drawn to the fact that in some types of electrical
equipment the maximum voltage produced internally (r.m.s. value or d.c. value of the working voltage)
is higher than the rated voltage of the equipment. This maximum voltage should be considered when
the dielectric test voltage and the adequate clearance are determined.
12.3.3 For equipment with hazardous mechanical parts:
The access probe shall not touch hazardous mechanical pa rts.
If adequate clearance is verified by a signal circuit between the probe and hazardous
parts, the lamp shall not light.
13. Tests for protection against solid foreign objects indicated by the first characteristic numeral
13.1 Test means
Test means and the main test conditions are given in Table VII.

529 © I E C —41 —
TABLE VII
Test means for the tests for protection against solid foreign objects
Test
First characteri- Test means
Test force conditions ,
stic numeral (object probes and dust chamber)
see
0 No test required – –
±
I Rigid sphere without handle or guard 50 N 10% 13.2
0'05
50+ mm diameter
o
±
2 Rigid sphere without handle or guard 30 N 10% 13.2
12,5+0'2 mm diameter
±
3 Rigid steel rod 2,51 mm diameter with edges 3 N 10% 13.2
free from burrs
+00'05
±
4 Rigid steel wire 1,0 mm diameter with edges 1 N 10%
13.2
free from burrs
5 Dust chamber Figure 2, with or without – 13.4 + 13.5
underpressure
Dust chamber Figure 2, with underpressure – 13.4 + 13.6
13.2 Test conditions for first characteristic numerals 1, 2, 3, 4
The object probe is pushed against any openings of the enclosure with the force
specified in Table VII.
13.3 Acceptance conditions for first characteristic numerals 1, 2, 3, 4
The protection is satisfactory if the full diameter of the probe does not pass through
any opening.
For first characteristic numerals 3 and 4 the probes are intended to simulate foreign objects which may
Note. —
be spherical.
Where an enclosure has an indirect or tortuous entry path and there is any doubt about ingress of a
spherical object capable of motion, it may be necessary to examine drawings or to provide special access
for the object probe to be applied with the specified force to the opening(s) where ingress has to be
checked.
13.4 Dust test for first characteristic numerals 5 and 6
The test is made using a dust chamber incorporating the basic principles shown in
Figure 2 whereby the powder circulation pump may be replaced by other means suitable
to maintain the talcum powder in suspension in a closed test chamber. The talcum
powder used shall be able to pass through a square-meshed sieve the nominal wire
diameter of which is 50 pm and the nominal width between wires 75 .tm. The amount
of talcum powder to be used is 2 kg per cubic metre of the test chamber volume. It
shall not have been used for more than 20 tests.
Note. — Health and safety regulations should be observed in selecting the type of talcum powder and its use.

529 ©I EC — 43 —
Enclosures are of necessity in one of two categories:
Category 1: Enclosures where the normal working cycle of the equipment causes
reductions in air pressure within the enclosure below that of the surrounding
air, e.g., due to thermal cycling effects.
Category 2: Enclosures where no pressure difference relative to the surrounding air is
present.
Category 1 enclosures:
The enclosure under test is supported inside the test chamber and the pressure inside
the enclosure is maintained below the surrounding atmospheric pressure by a vacuum
pump. The suction connection shall be made to a hole specially provided for this test. If
not otherwise specified in the relevant product standard, this hole shall be in the vicinity
of the vulnerable parts.
If it is impracticable to make a special hole, the suction connection shall be made to
the cable inlet hole. If there are other holes (e. g., more cable inlet holes or drain-holes)
these shall be treated as intended for normal use on site.
The object of the test is to draw into the enclosure, by means of depression, a volume
of air 80 times the volume of the sample enclosure tested without exceeding the
extraction rate of 60 volumes per hour. In no event shall the depression exceed 2 kPa
(20 mbar) on the manometer shown in Figure 2.
If an extraction rate of 40 to 60 volumes per hour is obtained the duration of the test
is 2 h.
If, with a maximum depression of 2 kPa (20 mbar), the extraction rate is less than 40
volumes per hour, the test is continued until 80 volumes have been drawn through, or a
period of 8 h
...


SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-1997
6WRSQMD]DãþLWHNLMR]DJRWDYOMDRKLãMH NRGD,3  ,(&  YVHEXMH
SRSUDYHN$&
Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
Schutzarten durch Gehäuse (IP-Code)
Degrés de protection procurés par les enveloppes (Code IP)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60529:1991
ICS:
13.260 9DUVWYRSUHGHOHNWULþQLP Protection against electric
XGDURP'HORSRGQDSHWRVWMR shock. Live working
29.100.99 'UXJLVHVWDYQLGHOL]D Other components for
HOHNWULþQHQDSUDYH electrical equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE IEC
INTERNATIONAL
Deuxième édition
STANDARD
Second edition
1989-11
DEUXIÈME
IMPRESSION 1992 SECOND IMPRESSION 1992
Degrés de protection procurés par
les enveloppes (Code IP)
Degrees of protection provided by
enclosures (IP Code)
© CEI 1989 Droits de reproduction réservés — Copy
right — all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut étre reproduite ni
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun pro-
any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
cédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et including photocopying and microfilm, without permission
les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. in writing from the publisher.
Bureau Central de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale 3, rue de Varembé
Genève, Suisse
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale CODE PRIX , A r
International Electrotechnical Commission PRICE CODE VV
MewnynapopIaa 3neffrpoTexHHgecnaa 1 0MHCCUa
IEC
• • Pour prix,
voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue

CEI 60529 IEC 60529
(Edition consolidée 2.1 – 2001) (Consolidated edition 2.1– 2001)
Degrés de protection procurés par les Degrees of protection provided
enveloppes (Code IP)  by enclosures (IP Code)

CORRIGENDUM 2
Page 83 Applies to French text only.
Figure 6 – Appareil pour la vérification de
la protection contre les jets d’eau (buse)

Au lieu de:
D’ = 15,5 pour l’essai de 14.2.6 (deuxiéme
chiffre caractéristique 6)
lire:
D’ = 12,5 pour l’essai de 14.2.6 (deuxiéme

chiffre caractéristique 6)
Octobre 2007 October 2007
— 3 —
529 ©IEC
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD 5
PREFACE 5
INTRODUCTION 7
Clause
1. Scope
Object 7
2.
3. Definitions 9
4. Designations
s and against solid foreign
5. Degrees of protection against access to hazardous pa rt
objects indicated by the first characteristic numeral
6. Degrees of protection against ingress of water indicated by the second characteristic
numeral 21
7. Degrees of protection against access to hazardous pa rts indicated by the additional
letter
8. Supplementary letters 27
9. Examples of designations with the IP Code
10. Marking 31
ll. General requirements for tests 31
rts indicated by the first
12. Tests for protection against access to hazardous pa
characteristic numeral
Tests for protection against solid foreign objects indicated by the first characteristic
13.
numeral
14. Tests for protection against water indicated by the second characteristic numeral
rts indicated by the additional
15. Tests for protection against access to hazardous pa
letter
FIGURES 58
A (informative) – Examples of IP Coding for the verification of protection of
ANNEX
low-voltage equipment against access to hazardous pa rts 64
(informative) – Summary of responsibilities of relevant Technical Committees . 71
ANNEX B
529 © IEC — 5 —
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
DEGREES OF PROTECTION PROVIDED
BY ENCLOSURES
(IP Code)
FOREWORD
1) The formal decisions or agreements of the I EC on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on which all
the National Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the subjects dealt with.
2) They have the form of recommendations for international use and they are accepted by the National Committees in
that sense.
3) In order to promote international unification, the IEC expresses the wish that all National Committees should adopt
the text of the IEC recommendation for their national rules in so far as national conditions will permit. Any
divergence between the IEC recommendation and the corresponding national rules should, as far as possible, be
clearly indicated in the latter.
PREFACE
This standard has been prepared by IEC Technical Committee No. 70: Degrees of
protection by enclosures.
This second edition of I E C 529 replaces the first edition of 1976.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
Six Months' Rule Report on Voting Two Months' Procedure Report on Voting
70(CO)13 70(CO)15 70(C0)16 70(CO)17
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the Voting
Reports indicated in the above table.
The following IEC publications are quoted in this standard:
Publications Nos. 50(826) (1982): International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV), Chapter 826: Electrical
installations of buildings.
1: General and guidance.
68-1 (1988): Environmental testing, Pa rt
71-2 (1976): Insulation co-ordination, Part 2: Application guide.

529 © IEC — 7 —
DEGREES OF PROTECTION PROVIDED
BY ENCLOSURES
(IP Code)
INTRODUCTION
This standard describes a system for classifying the degrees of protection provided by the
enclosures of electrical equipment. Whilst this system is suitable for use with most types of
electrical equipment, it should not be assumed that all the listed degrees of protection are
applicable to a particular type of equipment. The manufacturer of the equipment should be
s of equipment to
consulted to determine the degrees of protection available and the pa rt
which the stated degree of protection applies.
The adoption of this classification system, wherever possible, will promote uniformity in
methods of describing the protection provided by the enclosure and in the tests to prove the
various degrees of protection. It should also reduce the number of types of test devices
necessary to test a wide range of products.
I E C 529 takes account of experiences with the first edition, and
This second edition of
clarifies the requirements. It provides for an optional extension of the IP Code by an
additional letter A, B, C, or D if the actual protection of persons against access to hazardous
parts is higher than that indicated by the first characteristic numeral.
In general, enclosures with an IP coding to the first edition would be eligible for the same
code according to this edition.
1. Scope
This standard applies to the classification of degrees of protection provided by
enclosures for electrical equipment with a rated voltage not exceeding 72,5 kV.
2. Object
The object of this standard is to give:
for degrees of protection provided by enclosures of electrical equipment as
a) Definitions
regards:
rts inside the enclosure;
1) protection of persons against access to hazardous pa
protection of the equipment inside the enclosure against ingress of solid foreign
2)
objects;
protection of the equipment inside the enclosure against harmful effects due to the
3)
ingress of water.
b) Designations for these degrees of protection.
c) Requirements for each designation.

529©IEC — 9 —
d) Tests to be performed to verify that the enclosure meets the requirements of this
standard.
It will remain the responsibility of individual Technical Committees to decide on the
extent and manner in which the classification is used in their standards and to define
"enclosure" as it applies to their equipment. However, it is recommended that for a
given classification the tests do not differ from those specified in this standard. If
necessary, complementary requirements may be included in the relevant product standard.
A guide for the details to be specified in relevant product standards is given in Annex B.
For a particular type of equipment, a Technical Committee may specify different
requirements provided that at least the same level of safety is ensured.
This standard deals only with enclosures that are in all other respects suitable for their
intended use as specified in the relevant product standard and which from the point of
view of materials and workmanship ensure that the claimed degrees of protection are
maintained under the normal conditions of use.
This standard is also applicable to empty enclosures provided that the general test
requirements are met and that the selected degree of protection is suitable for the type
of equipment.
Measures to protect both the enclosure and the equipment inside the enclosure against
external influences or conditions such as
– mechanical impacts
– corrosion
– corrosive solvents (e. g. cutting liquids)
– fungus

vermin

solar radiation
– icing
– moisture (e. g. produced by condensation)
– explosive atmospheres
and the protection against contact with hazardous moving pa rts external to the
enclosure (such as fans),
are matters for the relevant product standard.
Barriers external to the enclosure and not attached to it and obstacles which have
been provided solely for the safety of personnel are not considered as a part of the
enclosure and are not dealt with in this standard.
3. Definitions
For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply:
3.1 Enclosure
A part providing protection of equipment against ce rtain external influences and, in
any direction, protection against direct contact (IEV 826-03-12) *.
* I E C 50(826).
529 © I EC - ll —
Note. — This definition taken from the existing International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) needs the
following explanations under the scope of this standard:
rts.
1) Enclosures provide protection of persons or livestock against access to hazardous pa
2) Barriers, shapes of openings or any other means — whether attached to the enclosure or formed by
the enclosed equipment — suitable to prevent or limit the penetration of the specified test probes are
considered as a pa rt of the enclosure, except when they can be removed without the use of a key or
tool.
3.2 Direct contact
Contact of persons or livestock with live pa rts (IEV 826-03-05).
Note. — This IEV definition is given for information. In this standard "Direct contact" is replaced by "Access to
hazardous parts".
3.3 Degree of protection
The extent of protection provided by an enclosure against access to hazardous pa rts,
against . ingress of solid foreign objects and/or against ingress of water and verified by
standardized test methods.
IP Code
3.4
A coding system to indicate the degrees of protection provided by an enclosure against
s, ingress of solid foreign objects, ingress of water and to give
access to hazardous pa rt
additional information in connection with such protection.
3.5 Hazardous part
A part that is hazardous to approach or touch.
Hazardous live part
3.5.1
ain conditions of external influences, can give an electric
A live part which, under cert
shock (see IEC 536, at present Document 64(CO)196).
3.5.2 Hazardous mechanical part
A moving part, other than a smooth rotating shaft, that is hazardous to touch.
3.6 Protection provided by an enclosure against access to hazardous parts
The protection of persons against
– contact with hazardous low-voltage live pa rts,
– contact with hazardous mechanical pa rts,
– approach to hazardous high-voltage live pa rts below adequate clearance inside an
enclosure.
Note. — This protection may be provided
—by means of the enclosure itself,
by means of barriers as part of the enclosure or distances inside the enclosure.

3.7 Adequate clearance for protection against access to hazardous parts
A distance to prevent contact or approach of an access probe to a hazardous pa rt .

529©IEC — 13 —
3.8 Access probe
rt of a person or a tool, or the
A test probe simulating in a conventional manner a pa
like, held by a person to verify adequate clearance from hazardous pa rts.
3.9 Object probe
A test probe simulating a solid foreign object to verify the possibility of ingress into
an enclosure.
Opening
3.10
ure in an enclosure which exists or may be formed by the application
A gap or apert
of a test probe at the specified force.
4. Designations
The degree of protection provided by an enclosure is indicated by the IP Code in the
following way:.
4.1 Arrangement of the IP Code

IP 3
Code letters r .
(International Protection)
First characteristic numeral
(numerals 0 to 6, or letter X)
Second characteristic numeral
(numerals 0 to 8, or letter X)
Additional letter (optional)
(letters A, B, C, D)
Supplementary letter (optional)
(letters H, M, S, W)
Where a characteristic numeral is not required to be specified, it shall be replaced by
the letter "X" ("XX" if both numerals are omitted).
Additional letters and/or supplementary letters may be omitted without replacement.
Where more than one supplementary letter is used, the alphabetic sequence shall apply.
If an enclosure provides different degrees of protection for different intended mounting
arrangements, the relevant degrees of protection shall be indicated by the manufacturer in
the instructions related to the respective mounting arrangements.
Details for the marking of an enclosure are given in Clause 10.

529 © I EC — 15 —
4.2 Elements of the IP Code and their meanings
A brief descri
ption of the IP Code elements is given in the following . chart. Full
details are specified in the clauses indicated in the last column.
Meaning for the
Numerals Meaning for the protection of
Element protection of Ref.
or letters equipment
persons
Code letters
IP
First characteristic
Against ingress of solid foreign objects Against access to Cl. 5
numeral
hazardous parts
with
(non-protected) (non-protected)
1 50 mm diameter
back of hand
2 12,5 mm diameter finger
2,5 mm diameter tool
4 1,0 mm diameter wire
5 dust-protected wire
6 dust-tight
wire
Second characteri-
Against ingress of water with harmful Cl. 6
stic numeral effects
0 (non-protected)
1 vertically dripping
2 dripping (15° tilted)
spraying
4 splashing
5 jetting
6 powerful jetting
7 temporary immersion
8 continuous immersion
Additional letter
Against access to Cl. 7
(optional)
hazardous parts
with:
A
back of hand
B finger
C
tool
D
wire
Supplementary Supplementary information specific to:
Cl. 8
letter (optional)
H
High-voltage apparatus
M Motion during water test
S Stationary during water test
W Weather conditions
4.3
Examples for the use of letters in the IP Code
The following examples are to explain the use and arrangement of letters in the IP
Code.
For more comprehensive examples see Clause 9.
IP44 — no letters, no options;
IPX5 — omitting first characteristic numeral;

529 ©IEC — 17 —
IP2X — omitting second characteristic numeral;
IP20C — using additional letter;
IPXXC — omitting both characteristic numerals, using additional letter;
IPX1C — omitting first characteristic numeral, using additional letter;
IP3XD — omitting second characteristic numeral, using additional letter;
IP23S — using supplementary letter;
IP2ICM — using additional letter and supplementary letter;
IPX5/IPX7 — giving two different degrees of protection by an enclosure against both
water jets and temporary immersion for "versatile" application.
5. Degrees of protection against access to hazardous pa rts and against solid foreign objects
indicated by the first characteristic numeral
The designation with a first characteristic numeral implies that conditions stated in
both 5.1 and 5.2 are met.
The first characteristic numeral indicates that:
rt
— the enclosure provides protection of persons against access to hazardous pa s by
rt of the human body or an object held by a
preventing or limiting the ingress of a pa
person;
and simultaneously
— the enclosure provides protection of equipment against the ingress of solid foreign
objects.
An enclosure shall only be designated with a stated degree of protection indicated by
the first characteristic numeral if it also complies with all lower degrees of protection.
However, the tests establishing compliance with any one of the lower degrees of
protection need not necessarily be carried out provided that these tests would obviously
be met if applied.
5.1 Protection against access to hazardous parts
Table I gives brief descriptions and definitions for the degrees of protection against
access to hazardous pa rts.
Degrees of protection listed in this table shall be specified only by the first
characteristic numeral and not by reference to the brief description or definition.
To comply with the conditions of the first characteristic numeral, adequate clearance
shall be kept between the access probe and hazardous pa rts.
The tests are specified in Clause 12.

529 © IEC — 19 —
TABLE I
Degrees of protection against access to hazardous parts indicated by
the first characteristic numeral
First Degree of protection Test
conditions,
characteristic
numeral Brief description Definition see
0 Non-protected – –
12.2
I Protected against access to ha- The access probe, sphere of 50 mm 0,
s with the back of shall have adequate clearance from hazar-
zardous part
a hand dous parts
2 Protected against access to ha- The jointed test finger of 12 mm 0, 12.2
s with a finger mm length, shall have adequate clearance
zardous part
from hazardous parts
3 Protected against access to ha- The access probe of 2,5 mm 0 shall not 12.2
zardous parts with a tool penetrate
4 Protected against access to ha- The access probe of 1,0 mm 0 shall not 12.2
zardous parts with a wire penetrate -
shall not 12.2
5 Protected against access to ha- The access probe of 1,0 mm 0
zardous parts with a wire penetrate
6 Protected against access to ha- The access probe of 1,0 mm 0 shall not 12.2
zardous parts with a wire penetrate
Note. — In the case of the first characteristic numerals 3, 4, 5 and 6, protection against access to hazardous
parts is satisfied if adequate clearance is kept.
Due to the simultaneous requirement specified in Table II the definition "shall not penetrate" is given
in Table I.
5.2 Protection against solid foreign objects
riptions and the definitions for the degrees of protection
Table .II gives brief desc
against the penetration of solid foreign objects including dust.
Degrees of protection listed in this table shall only be specified by the first
characteristic numeral and not by reference to the brief description or definition.
The protection against the ingress of solid foreign objects implies that the object
probes up to numeral 2 in Table II shall not fully penetrate the enclosure. This means
that the full diameter of the sphere shall not pass through an opening in the enclosure.
Object probes for numerals 3 and 4 shall not penetrate the enclosure at all.
Dust-protected enclosures to numeral 5 allow a limited quantity of dust to penetrate
under certain conditions.
Dust-tight enclosures to numeral 6 do not allow any dust to penetrate.
Enclosures assigned a first characteristic numeral of 1 to 4 generally exclude both regularly and
Note. —
irregularly shaped solid foreign objects provided that three mutually perpendicular dimensions of the
object exceed the appropriate figure in column 3 of Table II.
The tests are specified in Clause 13.

529©IEC — 21 —
TABLE II
Degrees of protection against solid foreign objects indicated by
the first characteristic numeral
First Degree of protection Test
conditions,
characteristic
numeral Brief description Definition see
Non-protected – –
mm 0, 13.2
1 Protected against solid foreign The object probe, sphere of 50
50 shall not fully penetrate')
objects of mm 0 and
greater
2 Protected against solid foreign The object probe, sphere of 12,5 mm 0, 13.2
objects of 12,5 mm 0 and shall not fully penetrate')
greater
3 2,5 mm 0 shall not 13.2
Protected against solid foreign The object probe of
objects of 2,5 mm 0 and penetrate at all')
greater
4 Protected against solid foreign The object probe of 1,0 mm 0 shall not 13.2
objects of 1,0 mm 0 and penetrate at all')
greater
5 13.4
Dust-protected Ingress of dust is not totally prevented,
but dust shall not penetrate in a quantity 13.5
to interfere with satisfactory operation of
the apparatus or to impair safety
6 Dust-tight No ingress of dust 13.4
13.5
') The full diameter of the object probe shall not pass through an opening of the enclosure.
6. Degrees of protection against ingress of water indicated by the second characteristic numeral
The second characteristic numeral indicates the degree of protection provided by
enclosures with respect to harmful effects on the equipment due to the ingress of water.
The tests for the second characteristic numeral are carried out with fresh water. The
actual protection may not be satisfactory if cleaning operations with high pressure and/or
solvents are used.
Table III gives brief descriptions and definitions of the protection for the degrees
represented by the second characteristic numeral.
Degrees of protection listed in this table shall be specified only by the second
characteristic numeral and not by reference to the brief description or definition.
The tests are specified in Clause 14.
Up to and including second characteristic numeral 6, the designation implies
compliance also with the requirements for all lower characteristic numerals. However, the
tests establishing compliance with any one of the lower degrees of protection need not
necessarily be carried out provided that these tests obviously would be met if applied.

529©IEC
— 23 —
An enclosure designated with second characteristic numeral 7 or 8 only is considered
unsuitable for exposure to water jets (designated by second characteristic numeral 5 or 6)
and need not comply with requirements for numeral 5 or 6 unless it is dual coded as
follows:
Enclosure passes test for:
temporary/continuous
Designation Range
water jets
immersion
and
of
second characteristic
second characteristic
marking application
numeral
numeral
5 7
IPX5/IPX7 Versatile
6 7
IPX6/IPX7 Versatile
8 IPX5/IPX8
Versatile
6 8
IPX6/IP.X8 Versatile
– 7 IPX7
Restricted
– 8 IPX8 Restricted
Enclosures for "versatile" application indicated in the last column shall meet
requirements for exposure to both water jets and temporary or continuous immersion.
Enclosures for "restricted" application indicated in the last column are considered
suitable only for temporary or continuous immersion and unsuitable for exposure to
water jets.
TABLE III
Degrees of protection against water indicated by the second characteristic numeral
Second Degree of protection
Test
charac-
conditions,
teristic
Brief description Definition
see
numeral
Non-protected – –
1 Protected against vertically Vertically falling drops shall have no 14.2.1
falling water drops
harmful effects
Protected against vertically fal- Vertically falling drops shall have no 14.2.2
ling water drops when enclo-
harmful effects when the enclosure is til-
sure tilted up to 15° ted at any angle up to 15° on either side
of the vertical
Protected against spraying water Water sprayed at an angle up to 60° on 14.2.3
either side of the vertical shall have no
harmful effects
Protected against splashing Water splashed against the enclosure from 14.2.4
water
any direction shall have no harmful ef-
fects
5 Protected against water jets Water projected in jets against the enclo-
14.2.5
sure from any direction shall have no
harmful effects
6 Protected against powerful
Water projected in powerful jets against 14.2.6
water jets the enclosure from any direction shall
have no harmful effects
529 © I EC
— 25
-7-
TABLE III (continued)
Second
Degree of protection
Test
charac-
conditions,
teristic
Brief description
Definition see
numeral
7 Protected against the effects of
Ingress of water in quantities causing
14.2.7
temporary immersion in water
harmful effects shall not be possible
when the enclosure is temporarily immer-
sed in water under standardized condi-
tions of pressure and time
8 Protected against the effects of
Ingress of water in quantities causing 14.2.8
continuous immersion in water harmful effects shall not be possible
when the enclosure is continuously im-
mersed in water under conditions which
shall be agreed between manufacturer and
user but which are more severe than for
numeral 7
7. Degrees of protection against access to hazardous pa
rts indicated by the additional letter
The additional letter indicates the degree of protection of persons against access to
hazardous pa
rts.
Additional letters are only used
- if the actual protection against access to hazardous pa
rts is higher than that indicated
by the first characteristic numeral
- or if only the protection against access to hazardous pa
rts is indicated, the first
characteristic numeral being then replaced by an X.
For example, such higher protection may be provided by barriers, suitable shape of
openings or distances inside the enclosure.
Table IV gives access probes considered by convention as representative of pa
rts of the
human body or objects held by a person and the definitions for the degrees of
protection against access to hazardous pa rts, indicated by additional letters.
An enclosure shall only be designated with a stated degree of protection indicated by
the additional letter if the enclosure also complies with all lower degrees of protection.
However, the tests establishing compliance with any one of the lower degrees of
protection need not necessarily be carried out provided that these tests obviously would
be met if applied.
The tests are specified in Clause 15.
See Annex A for examples of the IP Coding.

529 © IEC
— 27 —
TABLE IV
Degrees of protection against access to hazardous parts indicated by the additional letter
Degree of protection
Test
Additional
conditions,
letter
Brief description Definition see
A 0, 15.2
Protected against access with The access probe, sphere of 50 mm
the back of the hand shall have adequate clearance from
hazardous parts
B Protected against access with a The jointed test finger of 12 mm 0, 15.2
finger 80 mm length, shall have adequate clearance
from hazardous pa rts
C Protected against access with a The access probe of 2,5 mm 0, 100 mm 15.2
tool length, shall have adequate clearance
from hazardous parts
D Protected against access with a The access probe of 1,0 mm 0, 100 mm 15.2
wire length, shall have adequate clearance
from hazardous parts
8. Supplementary letters
In the relevant product standard, supplementary information may be indicated by a
supplementary letter following the second characteristic numeral or the additional letter.
shall conform with the requirements of this basic safety
Such exceptional cases
standard shall state clearly the additional procedure to be
standard and the product
carried out during tests for such a classification.
The letters listed below have already been designated and have the significance as
stated:
Letter Significance
H High-voltage apparatus
M Tested for harmful effects due to the ingress of water when the
movable parts of the equipment (e.g. the rotor of a rotating
machine) are in motion
S Tested for harmful effects due to the ingress of water when the
movable parts of the equipment (e.g. the rotor of a rotating
machine) are stationary
W Suitable for use under specified weather conditions and provided
with additional protective features or processes
Note. — In the first edition of IEC 529 the letter "W" with the same meaning was placed immediately after the
code letters "IP".
529 © IEC — 29 —
Other letters may be used in product standards. *
The absence of the letters S and M implies that the degree of protection does not
depend on whether pa rt
s of the equipment are in motion or not. This may necessitate
tests being done under both conditions. However, the test establishing compliance with
one of these conditions is generally sufficient, provided that the test in the other
condition obviously would be met if applied.
9. Examples of designations with the IP Code
9.1
IP Code not using optional letters:
IP
Code letters
1st characteristic numeral
2nd characteristic numeral
An enclosure with this designation (IP Code)
(3)
— protects persons, handling tools having a diameter of 2,5 mm and
greater, against access to hazardous pa rts;
— protects the equipment inside the enclosure against ingress of solid
foreign objects having a diameter of 2,5 mm and greater;
(4) — protects the equipment inside the enclosure against harmful effects
due to water splashed against the enclosure from any direction.
9.2
IP Code using optional letters:
IP 3 C S
Code letters
1st characteristic numeral
2nd characteristic numeral
Additional letter
Supplementary letter
* However, in order to avoid any duplicate use of supplementary letters the Secretariat of Technical Committee
No. 70 should be consulted before any new letter is introduced by another Technical Committee.

529COIEC — 31 —
An enclosure with this designation (IP Code)
(2) – protects persons against access to hazardous pa rts with fingers;
– protects the equipment inside the enclosure against ingress of solid foreign objects
having a diameter of 12,5 mm and greater;
(3) – protects the equipment inside the enclosure against the harmful effects due to water
sprayed against the enclosure;
(C) – protects persons handling tools having a diameter of 2,5 mm and greater and a
length not exceeding 100 mm against access to hazardous pa rts (the tool may
penetrate the enclosure up to its full length);
(S) – is tested for protection against harmful effects due to the ingress of water when all
the parts of the equipment are stationary.
10. Marking
The requirements for marking shall be specified in the relevant product standard.
Where appropriate, such a standard should also specify the method of marking which
is to be used when
of an enclosure has a different degree of protection to that of another pa rt
– one part
of the same enclosure;
– the mounting position has an influence on the degree of protection;
– the maximum immersion depth and time are indicated.
1l. General requirements for tests
11.1 Atmospheric conditions for water or dust tests
Unless otherwise specified in the relevant product standard, the tests should be carried
out under the standard atmospheric conditions described in I E C 68-1.
The recommended atmospheric conditions during the tests are as follows:

Temperature range: 15 °C to 35 °C

Relative humidity: 25% to 75%
Air pressure: 86 kPa to 106 kPa
(860 mbar to 1 060 mbar).
11.2 Test samples
The tests specified in this standard are type tests.
Unless otherwise specified in a relevant product standard, the test samples for each
rts in place and mounted in the
test shall be in a clean and new condition, with all pa
manner stated by the manufacturer.
If it is impracticable to test the complete equipment, representative pa rts or smaller
equipment having the same full-scale design details shall be tested.

IEC 529 © — 33 —
The relevant product standard shall specify details such as:
– the number of samples to be tested;
– conditions for mounting, assembling and positioning of the samples, for example by
the use of an artificial surface (ceiling, floor or wall);
Note. — This also applies to equipment intended to be united with other relevant equipment, e.g. components
which can be used either alone or in an assembly;
– the pre-conditioning, if any, which is to be used;
– whether to be tested energized or not;
– whether to be tested with its pa rts in motion or not.
In the absence of such specification, the manufacturer's instructions shall apply.
11.3
Application of test requirements and interpretation of test results
The application of the general requirements for tests and the acceptance conditions for
equipment containing drain-holes or ventilation openings is the responsibility of the
relevant Technical Committee.
In the absence of such specification the requirement of this standard shall apply.
The interpretation of test results is the responsibility of the relevant Technical
Committee. In the absence of a specification the acceptance conditions of this standard
shall at least apply.
11.4 Combination of test conditions for the first characteristic numeral
Designation with a first characteristic numeral implies that all test conditions are met
for this numeral:
TABLE V
Test conditions for degrees of protection indicated by
the first characteristic numeral
First Test for protection against
characteristic
numeral access to hazardous pa rts solid foreign objects
0 No test required No test required
shall not fully penetrate and adequate clearance shall be kept
1 The sphere of 50 mm 0
2 The jointed test finger may penetrate up to The sphere of 12,5 mm 0 shall not fully
its 80 mm length, but adequate clearance penetrate
shall be kept
3 - The test rod of 2,5 mm 0 shall not penetrate and adequate clearance shall be kept
shall not penetrate and adequate clearance shall be kept
4 The test wire of 1,0 mm 0
529 © I EC — 35 —
TABLE V (continued)
First Test for protection against
characteristic
solid foreign objects
numeral access to hazardous pa rts
Dust-protected as specified in Table II
5 The test wire of 1,0 mm 0 shall not pene-
trate and adequate clearance shall be kept
6 The test wire of 1,0 mm 0 shall not pene- Dust-tight as specified in Table II
trate and adequate clearance shall be kept
In the case of the first characteristic numerals 1 and 2, "not fully penetrate" means that the full diameter of
the sphere shall not pass through an opening of the enclosure.
11.5 Empty enclosures
If the enclosure is tested without equipment inside, detailed requirements shall be
ctions for the arrangement and
indicated by the enclosure manufacturer in his inst ru
s which might be affected by the penetration of
spacing of hazardous pa rts or part
foreign objects or water.
The manufacturer of the final assembly shall ensure that after the electrical equipment
is enclosed the enclosure meets the declared degree of protection of the final product.
12. Tests for protection against access to hazardous parts indicated by the first characteristic
numeral
12.1 Access probes
Access probes to test the protection of persons against access to hazardous pa rts are
given in Table VI.
12.2 Test conditions
The access probe is pushed against or (in case of the test for first characteristic
numeral 2) inserted through any openings of the enclosure with the force specified in
Table VI.
For tests on low-voltage equipment, a low-voltage supply (of not less than 40 V and
not more than 50 V) in series with a suitable lamp should be connected between the
s inside the enclosure. Hazardous live pa rts covered only
probe and the hazardous pa rt
with varnish or paint, or protected by oxidation or by a similar process, are covered by
a metal foil electrically connected to those pa rts which are normally live in operation.
rt
The signal-circuit method should also be applied to the hazardous moving pa s of
high-voltage equipment.
Internal moving pa rts may be operated slowly, where this is possible.

37 —
529 © IEC —
TABLE VI
Access probes for the tests for protection of persons against access to hazardous parts
Test
First Addit.
Access probe
force
numeral letter
50 N ± 10%
1 A Sphere 50 mm diameter
Approx. 100
+
do
Q MI
o
d
c
Handle Guard
Rig'd test sphere
(Insulating material)
(Metal)
440/89
10 N ± 10%
2 B Jointed test finger
Stop fac
(050x20)
N_
See Fig.1
for full
dimensions
Jointed test finger
(Metal)
Insulating material 80
441/89
3 N ± 10%
3 C Test rod 2,5 mm diameter, 100 mm long
Sphere 35 ± 0,2 o
do
^— Approx. 100 100 ± 0,2 — +
N
f1
Q
\
Rigid test rod
\
(Metal)
Edges free from burrs
Handle
Stop face
(Insulating material)
(Insulating material)
442/89
4, 5, 6 Test wire 1,0 mm diameter, 100 mm long 1 N ± 10%
D
Sphere 35 ± 0,2
►^- Approx. 100 — . 100 ± 0,2 — 0
d
!+ i
t9
Z4
Rigid test wire
(Metal) Handle Edges free from burrs
(Insulating material) Stop face
(Insulating material) 443/89
529 © I EC — 39 —
12.3 Acceptance conditions
The protection is satisfactory if adequate clearance is kept between the access probe
and hazardous parts.
For the test of first characteristic numeral 1, the access probe 50 mm diameter shall
not completely pass through the opening.
For the test of first characteristic numeral 2, the jointed test finger may penetrate to
(0 50 mm x 20 mm) shall not pass through the
its 80 mm length, but the stop face
opening. Starting from the straight position, both joints of the test finger shall be
successively bent through an angle of up to 90° with respect to the axis of the adjoining
section of the finger and shall be placed in every possible position.
See Annex A for further clarification.
Adequate clearance means:
12.3.1 For low-voltage equipment (rated voltages not exceeding 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c.):
The access probe shall not touch hazardous live pa rts.
If adequate clearance is verified by a signal circuit between the probe and hazardous
parts, the lamp shall not light.
Note. — The attention of relevant Technical Committees is drawn to the fact that in some types of electrical
equipment the maximum voltage produced internally (r.m.s. value or d.c. value of the working voltage)
is higher than the rated voltage of the equipment. This maximum voltage should be considered when
the dielectric test voltage and the adequate clearance are determined.
12.3.2 For high-voltage equipment (rated voltages exceeding 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c.):
When the access probe is placed in the most unfavourable position(s), the equipment
shall be capable of withstanding the dielectric tests as specified in the relevant product
standard applicable to the equipment.
Verification may be made either by dielectric test or by inspection of the specified
clearance dimension in air which would ensure that the tests would be satisfactory under
the most unfavourable electric field configuration (see I E C 71-2).
In the case where an enclosure includes sections at different voltage levels the
appropriate acceptance conditions for adequate clearance shall be applied for each
section.
Note. — The attention of relevant Technical Committees is drawn to the fact that in some types of electrical
equipment the maximum voltage produced internally (r.m.s. value or d.c. value of the working voltage)
is higher than the rated voltage of the equipment. This maximum voltage should be considered when
the dielectric test voltage and the adequate clearance are determined.
12.3.3 For equipment with hazardous mechanical parts:
The access probe shall not touch hazardous mechanical pa rts.
If adequate clearance is verified by a signal circuit between the probe and hazardous
parts, the lamp shall not light.
13. Tests for protection against solid foreign objects indicated by the first characteristic numeral
13.1 Test means
Test means and the main test conditions are given in Table VII.

529 © I E C —41 —
TABLE VII
Test means for the tests for protection against solid foreign objects
Test
First characteri- Test means
Test force conditions ,
stic numeral (object probes and dust chamber)
see
0 No test required – –
±
I Rigid sphere without handle or guard 50 N 10% 13.2
0'05
50+ mm diameter
o
±
2 Rigid sphere without handle or guard 30 N 10% 13.2
12,5+0'2 mm diameter
±
3 Rigid steel rod 2,51 mm diameter with edges 3 N 10% 13.2
free from burrs
+00'05
±
4 Rigid steel wire 1,0 mm diameter with edges 1 N 10%
13.2
free from burrs
5 Dust chamber Figure 2, with or without – 13.4 + 13.5
underpressure
Dust chamber Figure 2, with underpressure – 13.4 + 13.6
13.2 Test conditions for first characteristic numerals 1, 2, 3, 4
The object probe is pushed against any openings of the enclosure with the force
specified in Table VII.
13.3 Acceptance conditions for first characteristic numerals 1, 2, 3, 4
The protection is satisfactory if the full diameter of the probe does not pass through
any opening.
For first characteristic numerals 3 and 4 the probes are intended to simulate foreign objects which may
Note. —
be spherical.
Where an enclosure has an indirect or tortuous entry path and there is any doubt about ingress of a
spherical object capable of motion, it may be necessary to examine drawings or to provide special access
for the object probe to be applied with the specified force to the opening(s) where ingress has to be
checked.
13.4 Dust test for first characteristic numerals 5 and 6
The test is made using a dust chamber incorporating the basic principles shown in
Figure 2 whereby the powder circulation pump may be replaced by other means suitable
to maintain the talcum powder in suspension in a closed test chamber. The talcum
powder used shall be able to pass through a square-meshed sieve the nominal wire
diameter of which is 50 pm and the nominal width between wires 75 .tm. The amount
of talcum powder to be used is 2 kg per cubic metre of the test chamber volume. It
shall not have been used for more than 20 tests.
Note. — Health and safety regulations should be observed in selecting the type of talcum powder and its use.

529 ©I EC — 43 —
Enclosures are of necessity in one of two categories:
Category 1: Enclosures where the normal working cycle of the equipment causes
reductions in air pressure within the enclosure below that of the surrounding
air, e.g., due to thermal cycling effects.
Category 2: Enclosures where no pressure difference relative to the surrounding air is
present.
Category 1 enclosures:
The enclosure under test is supported inside the test chamber and the pressure inside
the enclosure is maintained below the surrounding atmospheric pressure by a vacuum
pump. The suction connection shall be made to a hole specially provided for this test. If
not otherwise specified in the relevant product standard, this hole shall be in the vicinity
of the vulnerable parts.
If it is impracticable to make a special hole, the suction connection shall be made to
the cable inlet hole. If there are other holes (e. g., more cable inlet holes or drain-holes)
these shall be treated as intended for normal use on site.
The object of the test is to draw into the enclosure, by means of depression, a volume
of air 80 times the volume of the sample enclosure tested without exceeding the
extraction rate of 60 volumes per hour. In no event shall the depression exceed 2 kPa
(20 mbar) on the manometer shown in Figure 2.
If an extraction rate of 40 to 60 volumes per hour is obtained the duration of the test
is 2 h.
If, with a maximum depression of 2 kPa (20 mbar), the extraction rate is less than 40
volumes per hour, the test is continued until 80 volumes have been drawn through, or a
period of 8 h has elapsed.
Category 2 enclosures:
The enclosure under test is supported in its normal operating position inside the test
chamber, but is not connected to a vacuum pump. Any drain-hole normally open shall
be left open for the duration of the test. The test shall be continued for a period of 8 h.
Category 1 and category 2 enclosures:
If it is impracticable to test the complete enclosure in the test chamber, one of the
following procedures shall be applied:
– testing of individually enclosed sections of the enclosure;
– testing of representative pa rts of the enclosure, comprising components such as doors,
ventilation openings, joints, shaft seals, etc., in position during test;
– testing of a smaller enclosure having the same full-scale design details.
In the last two cases, the volu
...


SIST EN 60529
SL O V EN S K I
S T ANDAR D  oktober 1997
Stopnja zaščite, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje (koda IP) (IEC 60529:1989)
(vsebuje popravek AC:1993)
Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)

Degrés de protection procurés par les enveloppes (Code IP)

Schutzarten durch Gehäuse (IP-Code)

Referenčna oznaka
ICS 13.260; 29.100.99 SIST EN 60529:1997 (sl)

Nadaljevanje na straneh II in od 1 do 45

© 2020-01. Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno.

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
NACIONALNI UVOD
Standard SIST EN 60529 (sl), Stopnja zaščite, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje (koda IP) (IEC 60529:1989)
(vsebuje popravek AC:1993), 1997, ima status slovenskega standarda in je istoveten evropskemu
standardu EN 60529 (en), Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code), 1991.

NACIONALNI PREDGOVOR
Mednarodni standard IEC 60529:1989 je pripravil tehnični odbor Mednarodne elektrotehniške komisije
IEC/TC 70 Stopnja zaščite, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje, potrdil pa tehnični odbor Evropskega komiteja za
standardizacijo v elektrotehniki CLC/SR 70 Stopnja zaščite, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje. Slovenski standard
slovenskega prevoda v tem standardu je odločilen izvirni evropski standard v angleškem jeziku.
Slovensko izdajo standarda je potrdil Strokovni svet SIST za področja elektrotehnike, informacijske
tehnologije in telekomunikacij.

Odločitev za privzem tega standarda je v oktobru 1997 sprejel Strokovni svet SIST za področje
elektrotehnike, informacijske tehnologije in telekomunikacij.

ZVEZA Z NACIONALNIMI STANDARDI

S privzemom tega evropskega standarda veljajo za omejeni namen referenčnih standardov vsi
standardi, navedeni v izvirniku, razen tistih, ki so že sprejeti v nacionalno standardizacijo.
SIST HD 384.2 S1:2000 Mednarodni elektrotehniški slovar – 826. poglavje: Električne inštalacije
zgradb
SIST EN 60068-1:2001 Okoljsko preskušanje – 1. del: Splošno in navodila
SIST EN 60071-2:2001 Koordinacija izolacije – 2. del: Vodilo za uporabo

OSNOVA ZA IZDAJO STANDARDA
– privzem standarda EN 60529:1991

OPOMBE
– Povsod, kjer se v besedilu standarda uporablja izraz "evropski standard" ali "mednarodni standard",
v SIST EN 60529:1997 to pomeni "slovenski standard".

– Nacionalni uvod in nacionalni predgovor nista sestavni del standarda.

– Ta nacionalni dokument je istoveten EN 60529:1991 in je objavljen z dovoljenjem

CENELEC
Centralni sekretariat
rue de Stassart 35
B-1050 Bruselj
This national document is identical with EN 60529:1991 and is published with the permission of

CENELEC
Central Secretariat
rue de Stassart 35
B-1050 Brussels
II
EVROPSKI STANDARD               EN 60529
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
oktober 1991
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.260, 29.100.99
Slovenska izdaja
Stopnja zaščite, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje (koda IP) (IEC 60529:1989)
(vsebuje popravek AC:1993)
Degrees of protection provided Degrés de protection procurés Schutzarten durch Gehäuse
by enclosures (IP Code) par les enveloppes (Code IP) (IP-Code)

Ta evropski standard je CENELEC sprejel 25. junija 1991.

Člani CENELEC morajo izpolnjevati notranje predpise CEN/CENELEC, ki določajo pogoje, pod katerimi
dobi ta evropski standard status nacionalnega standarda.

Najnovejši seznami teh nacionalnih standardov in njihovi bibliografski podatki se na zahtevo lahko dobijo
pri Centralnem sekretariatu ali kateremkoli članu CENELEC.

Ta evropski standard obstaja v treh uradnih izdajah (angleški, francoski in nemški). Izdaje v drugih
jezikih, ki jih člani CENELEC na lastno odgovornost prevedejo in izdajo ter priglasijo pri Centralnem
sekretariatu, imajo enak status kot uradne izdaje.

Člani CENELEC so nacionalni elektrotehniški komiteji Avstrije, Belgije, Danske, Finske, Francije, Grčije,
Islandije, Irske, Italije, Luksemburga, Nemčije, Nizozemske, Norveške, Portugalske, Španije, Švedske,
Švice in Združenega kraljestva.

CENELEC
Evropski komite za standardizacijo v elektrotehniki
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique

Centralni sekretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B-1050 Bruselj

© 1991 CENELEC Lastnice avtorskih pravic so države članice CENELEC    Ref. oznaka EN 60529:1991 E

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
Evropski predgovor
Povpraševanje, s katerim je CENELEC želel ugotoviti, ali je mednarodni standard IEC 529:1989 mogoče
sprejeti brez sprememb besedila, je pokazalo, da za sprejem evropskega standarda ni potrebna nobena
skupna sprememba v okviru CENELEC. Referenčni dokument je bil predložen članom CENELEC v
formalno glasovanje in ga je CENELEC sprejel 25. junija 1991 kot EN 60529.

Ta evropski standard nadomešča HD 365 S3:1985.

Določena sta bila naslednja roka:

‒ zadnji datum, do katerega mora EN dobiti status
nacionalnega standarda (dop) 1992-07-01

– zadnji datum, do katerega morajo biti
razveljavljeni vsi nacionalni standardi, ki niso
skladni s tem dokumentom. (dow) 1992-07-01

Dodatki, označeni kot "normativni", so sestavni del standarda. V tem standardu je dodatek ZA
normativni.
Razglasitvena objava
Besedilo mednarodnega standarda IEC 529:1989 je CENELEC odobril kot evropski standard brez
kakršnihkoli sprememb.
SIST EN 60529 : 1997
Dodatek ZA
(normativni)
Sklicevanje na mednarodne publikacije z njihovimi ustreznimi evropskimi
publikacijami
Kadar je mednarodna publikacija spremenjena s skupnimi spremembami CENELEC in so spremembe
označene z (mod), se uporablja ustrezni dokument EN/HD.

Publikacija Leto Naslov EN/HD Leto
50(826) 1982 Mednarodni elektrotehniški slovar HD 384.2 S1 1986
– 826. del: Električne inštalacije
Okoljsko preskušanje –
68-1 1988 HD 323.1 S2 1988
1. del: Splošno in navodila
Koordinacija izolacije –
71-2 1976 HD 540.2 S1 1991
2. del: Vodilo za uporabo
SIST EN 60529 : 1997
Popravek k EN 60529:1991
Angleška izdaja
Stran 2, Predgovor
Dodati za datumi izvajanja:
Za izdelke, ki niso obravnavani v posebnem standardu za proizvod in so bili pred 1. julijem 1992
skladni s standardom HD 365 S3:1985, kot sta navedla proizvajalec ali certifikacijski organ, se lahko
ta prejšnji standard še naprej uporablja za proizvodnjo do 1. julija 1997.

Maj, 1993
SIST EN 60529 : 1997
Popravek 2 k IEC 60529, konsolidirana izdaja 2.1 – 2001

Francoska izdaja
Stran 83
Figure 6 – Appareil pour la vérification de la protection contre les jets d’eau (buse)

Au lieu de:
D’ = 15,5 pour l’essai de 14.2.6 (deuxiéme chiffre caractéristique 6)

lire:
D’ = 12,5 pour l’essai de 14.2.6 (deuxiéme chiffre caractéristique 6)

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
VSEBINA Stran
Evropski predgovor . 2
Dodatek ZA: Sklicevanje na mednarodne publikacije z njihovimi ustreznimi evropskimi publikacijami. 3
Popravek k EN 60529:1991 (angleška izdaja) . 4
Popravek 2 k IEC 60529, konsolidirana izdaja 2.1 – 2001 (francoska izdaja) . 5
Predgovor . 7
Uvod . 8
1 Področje uporabe . 8
2 Namen . 8
3 Definicije . 9
4 Označevanje .11
5 Stopnje zaščite pred dostopom do nevarnih delov in pred trdnimi tujki, označene s prvo
karakteristično števko .13
6 Stopnje zaščite pred vdorom vode, prikazane z drugo karakteristično števko .15
7 Stopnje zaščite pred dostopom do nevarnih delov, označene z dodatno črko .17
8 Dopolnilne črke .17
9 Primeri oznak s kodo IP.18
10 Označevanje .19
11 Splošne zahteve za preskuse .19
12 Preskusi zaščite pred dostopom do nevarnih delov, označene s prvo karakteristično števko .21
13 Preskusi zaščite pred trdnimi tujki, označene s prvo karakteristično števko .24
14 Preskusi zaščite pred vodo, označene z drugo karakteristično števko .26
15 Preskusi zaščite pred dostopom do nevarnih delov, označene z dodatno črko .30

Slike .32

Dodatek A (informativni): Primeri kodiranja IP za preverjanje zaščite nizkonapetostne opreme
pred dostopom do nevarnih delov .38
Dodatek B (informativni): Povzetek odgovornosti pristojnih tehničnih odborov .44

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
MEDNARODNA ELEKTROTEHNIŠKA KOMISIJA

STOPNJA ZAŠČITE, KI JO ZAGOTAVLJA OHIŠJE (KODA IP)

Predgovor
1) Uradne odločitve ali sporazumi IEC o tehničnih vprašanjih, pripravljeni v tehničnih odborih, v katerih so prisotni vsi nacionalni
komiteji, ki jih tema zanima, izražajo, kolikor je mogoče, mednarodno soglasje o obravnavani temi.
2) Publikacije IEC imajo obliko priporočil za njihovo uporabo na mednarodni ravni in jih kot takšne sprejmejo nacionalni komiteji
IEC.
3) Da bi pospeševali mednarodno poenotenje, so se nacionalni komiteji IEC zavezali, da bodo v svojih nacionalnih in regionalnih
standardih čim pregledneje uporabljali mednarodne standarde. Vsako odstopanje med standardom IEC in ustreznim
nacionalnim ali regionalnim standardom je treba v slednjem jasno označiti.
Uvod
Ta standard je pripravil tehnični odbor IEC/TC 70 "Stopnja zaščite, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje".

Ta druga izdaja IEC 529 nadomešča prvo izdajo iz leta 1976.

Besedilo tega standarda temelji na naslednjih dokumentih:

Pravilo šestih mesecev Poročilo o glasovanju Dvomesečni postopek Poročilo o glasovanju
70(CO)13 70(CO)15 70(C0)16 70(CO)17

Vse informacije o glasovanju za potrditev tega standarda je mogoče najti v poročilih o glasovanju, ki so
podani v gornji preglednici.
V tem standardu so navedene naslednje publikacije IEC:

IEC 50(826) (1982) Mednarodni elektrotehniški slovar – 826. del: Električne inštalacije zgradb

IEC 68-1 (1988) Okoljsko preskušanje – 1. del: Splošno in navodila

IEC 71-2 (1976) Koordinacija izolacije – 2. del: Vodilo za uporabo

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
Stopnja zaščite, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje (koda IP)

Uvod
Ta standard opisuje sistem za razvrščanje stopenj zaščite, ki jih zagotavljajo ohišja električne opreme.
Čeprav je ta sistem primeren za uporabo pri večini vrst električnih naprav, se ne sme domnevati, da so
vse navedene stopnje zaščite uporabne za določeno posebno vrsto opreme. V posvetovanju s
proizvajalcem opreme naj se določijo razpoložljiva stopnja zaščite in deli opreme, na katerih se bo
uporabljala navedena stopnja zaščite.

Sprejetje tega sistema razvrščanja bo, kjer je to mogoče, spodbujalo enotnost metod opisovanja zaščite,
ki jo zagotavlja ohišje, in preskusov za dokazovanje različnih stopenj zaščite. Prav tako naj bi se
zmanjšalo število vrst preskusnih naprav, potrebnih za preskušanje široke palete izdelkov.

Ta druga izdaja IEC 529 upošteva izkušnje s prvo izdajo in pojasnjuje zahteve. Zagotavlja izbirno
podaljšanje kode IP z dodatno črko A, B, C ali D, če je dejanska zaščita oseb pred dostopom do nevarnih
delov večja od zaščite, ki jo določa prva karakteristična števka.

Na splošno velja, da naj bi bila ohišja s kodo IP po prvi izdaji primerna za isto kodo v skladu s to izdajo.

1 Področje uporabe
Ta standard se uporablja za razvrstitev stopenj zaščite, ki jih zagotavljajo ohišja za električno opremo z
naznačeno napetostjo, ki ne presega 72,5 kV.

2 Predmet uporabe
Predmet tega standarda je podati:

a) definicije stopenj zaščite, ki jih zagotavljajo ohišja električne opreme glede:

1) zaščite oseb pred dostopom do nevarnih delov znotraj ohišja,

2) zaščite opreme znotraj ohišja pred vdorom trdnih tujkov,

3) zaščite opreme znotraj ohišja pred škodljivimi učinki zaradi vdora vode,

b) označitve teh stopenj zaščite,

c) zahteve za vsako označitev,

d) preskuse, ki jih je treba izvesti za preverjanje, ali ohišje izpolnjuje zahteve tega standarda.

Za odločitev o obsegu in načinu uporabe klasifikacije v svojih standardih in opredelitev primernega
"ohišja" za svojo opremo so odgovorni posamezni tehnični odbori. Vendar je priporočljivo, da se preskusi
za dano klasifikacijo ne razlikujejo od preskusov, ki so določeni v tem standardu. Po potrebi se lahko v
ustrezni standard za proizvod vključijo dopolnilne zahteve. Vodilo za podrobnosti, ki jih je treba določiti
v ustreznih standardih za proizvode, je podano v dodatku B.

Za posamezno vrsto opreme lahko tehnični odbor določi različne zahteve, če je le zagotovljena vsaj
enaka raven varnosti.
Ta standard obravnava samo ohišja, ki so v vseh drugih pogledih primerna za njihovo namensko
uporabo, določeno v ustreznem standardu za proizvod, in ki s stališča materialov in izdelave v običajnih
pogojih uporabe zagotavljajo zahtevano stopnjo zaščite.

Ta standard je uporaben tudi za prazna ohišja, če so izpolnjene splošne preskusne zahteve in če izbrana
stopnja zaščite ustreza tipu opreme.

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
Ukrepe za zaščito ohišja in opreme znotraj ohišja pred zunanjimi vplivi ali pogoji, kot so:

– mehanski vplivi,
– korozija,
– korozivna topila (npr. rezalne tekočine),

– glive,
– mrčes,
– sončno sevanje,
– zaledenitev,
– vlaga (npr. zaradi kondenzacije),

– eksplozivne atmosfere,
in zaščito pred dotikom nevarnih gibljivih delov zunaj ohišja (npr. ventilatorji),
obravnava ustrezen standard za proizvod.

Pregrade zunaj ohišja, ki niso pritrjene nanj, in ovire, ki so bile zagotovljene izključno za varnost osebja,
se ne štejejo za del ohišja in jih ta standard ne obravnava.

3 Definicije
V tem standardu so uporabljene naslednje definicije:

3.1
ohišje
del, ki zagotavlja zaščito opreme pred določenimi zunanjimi vplivi in zaščito pred neposrednim stikom v
*
vseh smereh (IEV 826-03-12)
OPOMBA: K tej definiciji iz obstoječega Mednarodnega elektrotehniškega slovarja (IEV) je treba v okvirju tega standarda
podati naslednji pojasnili:
1) Ohišja zagotavljajo zaščito oseb ali domačih živali pred dostopom do nevarnih delov.

2) Pregrade, odprtine različnih oblik ali kakršnakoli druga sredstva, pritrjena na ohišje ali jih oblikuje notranja
oprema, primerni za preprečevanje ali omejevanje prodiranja določenih preskusnih sond, se štejejo za del
ohišja, razen če jih je mogoče odstraniti brez uporabe ključa ali orodja.

3.2
neposredni dotik
stik oseb ali domačih živali z deli pod napetostjo (IEV 826-03-05)

OPOMBA: Ta definicija IEV je podana informativno. V tem standardu je "neposreden dotik" nadomeščen z "dostop do
nevarnih delov".
3.3
stopnja zaščite
obseg zaščite, preverjen s standardiziranimi preskusnimi metodami, ki ga zagotavlja ohišje pred
dostopom do nevarnih delov, vdorom trdnih tujkov in/ali pred vdorom vode

3.4
koda IP, IP-koda
sistem kodiranja za označitev stopnje zaščite, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje pred dostopom do nevarnih delov,
vdorom trdnih tujkov in vode, ter za podajanje dodatnih informacij v zvezi s tako zaščito

*
IEC 50 (826).
SIST EN 60529 : 1997
3.5
nevarni del
del, ki je nevaren, če se mu človek ali živina približa ali se ga dotakne

3.5.1
nevarni del pod napetostjo
del pod napetostjo, ki pod določenimi pogoji zunanjih vplivov lahko povzroči električni udar (glej IEC
536, trenutno dokument 64 (CO) 196)

3.5.2
nevarni mehanski del
premični del, razen gladke vrteče se gredi, nevaren na dotik

3.6
zaščita, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje pred dostopom do nevarnih delov
zaščita oseb pred:
– dotikom nevarnih delov, ki so pod nizko napetostjo,

– dotikom nevarnih mehanskih delov,

– dostopom do nevarnih delov, ki so pod visoko napetostjo, na nezadostni izolacijski razdalji znotraj
ohišja
OPOMBA: Ta zaščita se lahko zagotovi:

– s samim ohišjem,
– s pregradami, ki so del ohišja, ali razdaljami znotraj ohišja.

3.7
ustrezna izolacijska razdalja za zaščito pred dostopom do nevarnih delov
razdalja, ki preprečuje dotik nevarnega dela ali dostop do njega s sondo za preverjanje možnosti
dostopa
3.8
sonda za preverjanje možnosti dostopa
preskusna sonda, ki na dogovorni način posnema del osebe ali orodja ali česa podobnega, s katero
oseba preveri ustrezno izolacijsko razdaljo do nevarnih delov

3.9
sonda za preverjanje možnosti vdora trdnih tujkov
preskusna sonda, ki posnema trdni tujek, da preveri možnost njegovega vdora v ohišje

3.10
odprtina
reža ali odprtina v ohišju, ki je nastala ali pa lahko nastane z uporabo preskusne sonde pri določeni sili

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
4 Označevanje
Stopnja zaščite, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje, je označena s kodo IP na naslednji način:

4.1 Ureditev kode IP
IP 2 3 C  H
Kodne črke
(mednarodna zaščita)
Prva karakteristična števka
(števke od 0 do 6 ali črka X)
Druga karakteristična števka
(števke od 0 do 8 ali črka X)
Dodatna črka (izbirno)
(črke A, B, C, D)
Dopolnilna črka (izbirno)
(črke H, M, S, W)
Če karakteristične števke ni treba navesti, jo je treba nadomestiti s črko "X" ("XX", če se izpustita obe
števki).
Dodatne črke in/ali dopolnilne črke se lahko izpustijo brez nadomestila.

Če se uporabi več kot ena dopolnilna črka, jih je treba razvrstiti v abecednem zaporedju.

Če ohišje zagotavlja različne stopnje zaščite pri različnih predvidenih načinih vgradnje, mora
proizvajalec v navodilih za vsak način vgradnje navesti ustrezne stopnje zaščite.

Podrobnosti o označevanju ohišja so navedene v točki 10.

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
4.2 Elementi kode IP in njihov pomen

Kratek opis elementov kode IP je podan v spodnjem diagramu. Vse podrobnosti so navedene v točkah,
ki so kot sklici navedene v zadnjem stolpcu.

Števke
Element  Pomen za zaščito opreme Pomen za zaščito oseb Sklic
ali črke
Črke IP - - -
Prva  Pred vdorom trdnih tujkov: Pred dostopom do Tč. 5
karakteristična  nevarnih delov s:
števka 0 (nezaščiteno) (nezaščiteno)
≥ premer 50 mm hrbtom dlani
2 ≥ premer 12,5 mm
prstom
3 ≥ premer 2,5 mm
orodjem
4 ≥ premer 1,0 mm
žico
≥ protiprašno zaščiteno
žico
≥ prahotesno
žico
Druga  Pred vdorom vode s  Tč. 6
karakteristična škodljivimi učinki pri:
števka 0 (nezaščiteno)
1 navpičnem kapljanju
2 kapljanju (pod kotom 15°)
3 škropljenju -
4 pljuskanju
5 curku
6 močnem curku
7 začasni potopitvi
8 stalni potopitvi
Dodatna črka   Pred dostopom do Tč. 7
(izbirno) nevarnih delov s:
A hrbtom dlani
-
B prstom
C orodjem
D žico
Dopolnilna  Dopolnilni podatki, specifični  Tč. 8
črka (izbirno) za:
H visokonapetostne naprave
M gibanje med preskusom z -
vodo
S mirovanje med preskusom z
vodo
W vremenske razmere
4.3 Primeri uporabe črk v kodi IP

Naslednji primeri pojasnjujejo uporabo in razporeditev črk v kodi IP.

Za izčrpnejše primere glej točko 9.

IP44 – brez črk, brez opcij
IPX5 – izpustitev prve karakteristične števke

IP2X – izpustitev druge karakteristične števke

IP20C – uporaba dodatne črke
SIST EN 60529 : 1997
IPXXC – izpustitev obeh karakterističnih števk, uporaba dodatne črke

IPX1C – izpustitev prve karakteristične števke, uporaba dodatne črke

IP3XD – izpustitev druge karakteristične števke, uporaba dodatne črke

IP23S – uporaba dopolnilne črke

P2ICM – uporaba dodatne in dopolnilne črke

IPX5/IPX7 – podani dve različni stopnji zaščite z ohišjem, tako pred vodnim curkom kot začasno
potopitvijo za "vsestransko" uporabo

5 Stopnje zaščite pred dostopom do nevarnih delov in pred trdnimi tujki, označene s
prvo karakteristično števko
Oznaka s prvo karakteristično števko pomeni, da so izpolnjeni pogoji, navedeni v točkah 5.1 in 5.2.

Prva karakteristična števka kaže, da:

– ohišje zagotavlja zaščito oseb pred dostopom do nevarnih delov s preprečevanjem ali
omejevanjem vstopa dela človeškega telesa ali predmeta, ki ga drži oseba;

in hkrati
– ohišje zagotavlja zaščito opreme pred vdorom trdnih tujkov.

Če ohišje zagotavlja tudi vse nižje stopnje zaščite, sme biti označeno samo z navedeno stopnjo zaščite,
ki jo določa prva karakteristična števka.

Vendar pa preskusov, ki bi dokazovali skladnost z eno od nižjih stopenj zaščite, ni nujno opraviti, če je
očitno, da bi bili ti preskusi uspešni, če bi se izvedli.

5.1 Zaščita pred dostopom do nevarnih delov

Kratek opis in definicije stopenj zaščite pred dostopom do nevarnih delov so podani v preglednici I.

Stopnje zaščite, navedene v tej preglednici, se določijo samo s prvo karakteristično števko in ne s
sklicevanjem na kratek opis ali definicijo.

Za izpolnitev pogojev prve karakteristične števke mora biti med sondo za preverjanje možnosti dostopa
in nevarnimi deli ohranjena zadostna izolacijska razdalja.

Preskusi so opredeljeni v točki 12.

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
Preglednica I: Stopnje zaščite pred dostopom do nevarnih delov,
označene s prvo karakteristično števko

Prva Stopnja zaščite Preskusni
karakteristična pogoji,
Kratek opis Definicija
števka glej
0 Nezaščiteno - -
1 Zaščiteno pred dostopom do Sonda za preverjanje možnosti dostopa, krogla 12.2
nevarnih delov s hrbtno s premerom 50 mm, mora imeti ustrezno
stranjo dlani izolacijsko razdaljo do nevarnih delov
2 Zaščiteno pred dostopom do Členkasti preskusni prst, premer 12 mm, 12.2
nevarnih delov s prstom dolžina 80 mm, mora imeti ustrezno izolacijsko
razdaljo do nevarnih delov
3 Zaščiteno pred dostopom do Sonda za preverjanje možnosti dostopa, 12.2
nevarnih delov z orodjem premer 2,5 mm, ne sme prodreti
4 Zaščiteno pred dostopom do Sonda za preverjanje možnosti dostopa, 12.2
nevarnih delov z žico premer 1,0 mm, ne sme prodreti
5 Zaščiteno pred dostopom do Sonda za preverjanje možnosti dostopa, 12.2
nevarnih delov z žico premer 1,0, mm ne sme prodreti
6 Zaščiteno pred dostopom do Sonda za preverjanje možnosti dostopa, 12.2
nevarnih delov z žico premer 1,0 mm, ne sme prodreti

OPOMBA: Če je prva karakteristična števka 3, 4, 5 in 6, je zaščita pred dostopom do nevarnih delov izpolnjena, če se ohrani
ustrezna izolacijska razdalja.

Zaradi hkratne zahteve, navedene v preglednici II, je definicija "ne sme prodreti" podana v preglednici I.

5.2 Zaščita pred vdorom trdnih tujkov

Kratki opisi in definicije stopenj zaščite pred prodiranjem trdnih tujkov, vključno s prahom, so podani v
preglednici II.
Stopnje zaščite, navedene v tej preglednici, se navajajo samo s prvo karakteristično števko in ne s
sklicevanjem na kratek opis ali definicijo.

Zaščita pred vdorom trdnih tujkov pomeni, da sonde za preverjanje možnosti vdora trdnih tujkov do
števke 2 iz preglednice II ne morejo prodreti v celoti v ohišje. To pomeni, da celoten premer krogle ne
sme iti skozi odprtino v ohišje. Sonde za preverjanje možnosti vdora trdnih tujkov števk 3 in 4 sploh ne
smejo prodreti v ohišje.
Protiprašna ohišja do števke 5 dopuščajo, da pod določenimi pogoji v njih prodre omejena količina
prahu.
Prahotesna ohišja do števke 6 ne dopuščajo nobenega vdora prahu.

OPOMBA: Ohišja, ki imajo prvo karakteristično števko od 1 do 4, praviloma onemogočajo prodiranje tako pravilno kot
nepravilno oblikovanih trdnih tujkov, pod pogojem, da tri medsebojno pravokotne dimenzije tujka presegajo
ustrezen vzorec v stolpcu 3 preglednice II.

Preskusi so opredeljeni v točki 13.

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
Preglednica II: Stopnje zaščite pred trdnimi tujki, označene s prvo karakteristično števko

Prva Stopnja zaščite Preskusni
karakteristična pogoji, glej
Kratek opis Definicija
števka
0 Nezaščiteno - -
1 Zaščiteno pred trdnimi tujki s Sonda za preverjanje možnosti vdora 13.2
premerom 50 mm in več trdnih tujkov, krogla s premerom
1)
50 mm, ne sme prodreti v celoti
2 Zaščiteno pred trdnimi tujki s Sonda za preverjanje možnosti vdora 13.2
premerom 12,5 mm in več trdnih tujkov, krogla s premerom
1)
12,5 mm, ne sme prodreti v celoti
3 Zaščiteno pred trdnimi tujki s Sonda za preverjanje možnosti vdora 13.2
premerom 2,5 mm in več trdnih tujkov, krogla s premerom
1)
2,5 mm, nikakor ne sme prodreti
4 Zaščiteno pred trdnimi tujki s Sonda za preverjanje možnosti vdora 13.2
premerom 1,0 mm in več trdnih tujkov, krogla s premerom
1)
1,0 mm, nikakor ne sme prodreti
5 Protiprašno Vdor prahu ni popolnoma preprečen, 13.4
vendar prah ne sme prodreti v taki
13.5
količini, da bi oviral zadovoljivo
delovanje aparata ali zmanjšal varnost
6 Prahotesno Nobenega vdora prahu 13.4
13.5
1)
Celoten premer sonde za preverjanje možnosti vdora trdnih tujkov ne sme iti skozi odprtino v ohišju.

6 Stopnje zaščite pred vdorom vode, prikazane z drugo karakteristično števko

Druga karakteristična števka označuje stopnjo zaščite, ki jo zagotavljajo ohišja glede škodljivih učinkov
na opremo zaradi vdora vode.
Preskusi za drugo karakteristično števko se izvedejo s svežo vodo. Dejanska zaščita morda ne bo
ustrezna, če se uporabijo postopki čiščenja z visokim tlakom in/ali topili.

Kratki opisi in definicije stopenj zaščite, ki jih predstavlja druga karakteristična števka, so podani v
preglednici III.
Stopnje zaščite, navedene v tej preglednici, je treba določiti samo z drugo karakteristično števko in ne
s sklicevanjem na kratek opis ali definicijo.

Preskusi so opredeljeni v točki 14.

Do vključno druge karakteristične števke 6 označba pomeni skladnost tudi z zahtevami za vse nižje
karakteristične števke. Vendar pa preskusov, ki bi dokazovali skladnost z eno od nižjih stopenj zaščite,
ni nujno opraviti, če je očitno, da bi bili ti preskusi uspešni, če bi se izvedli.

Ohišje, označeno samo z drugo karakteristično števko 7 ali 8, se šteje za neprimerno za izpostavljenost
vodnim curkom (označeno z drugo karakteristično števko 5 ali 6) in ni treba, da ustreza zahtevam za
števko 5 ali 6, razen če je dvojno označeno na naslednji način:

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
Ohišje uspešno opravi preskus za:
Označevanje in Območje
vodni curki začasna/stalna potopitev
oznake uporabe
druga karakteristična druga karakteristična števka
števka
5 7 IPX5/IPX7 Vsestransko
6 7 IPX6/IPX7 Vsestransko
8 IPX5/IPX8 Vsestransko
6 8 IPX6/IP.X8 Vsestransko
- 7 IPX7 Omejeno
- 8 IPX8 Omejeno
Ohišja za "vsestransko" uporabo, navedena v zadnjem stolpcu, morajo izpolnjevati zahteve glede
izpostavljenosti tako vodnim curkom kot začasni ali stalni potopitvi.

Ohišja za "omejeno" uporabo, navedena v zadnjem stolpcu, se štejejo za primerna le za začasno ali
stalno potopitev in za neprimerna za izpostavljanje vodnim curkom.

Preglednica III: Stopnje zaščite pred vodo, označene z drugo karakteristično števko

Druga Stopnja zaščite Preskusni
karakteristična
pogoji,
Kratek opis Definicija
števka
glej
0 Nezaščiteno – –
1 Zaščiteno pred navpično Navpično padajoče kapljice ne smejo povzročati 14.2.1
padajočimi vodnimi nobenih škodljivih učinkov
kapljicami
2 Zaščiteno pred navpično Navpično padajoče kapljice ne smejo povzročati 14.2.2
padajočimi vodnimi nobenih škodljivih učinkov, če je ohišje nagnjeno
kapljicami, ko je ohišje pod katerimkoli kotom do 15° na obeh straneh
nagnjeno do 15° navpičnice
3 Zaščiteno pred pršečo vodo Voda, škropljena pod kotom do 60° na obeh 14.2.3
straneh navpičnice, ne sme povzročati nobenih
škodljivih učinkov
4 Zaščiteno pred pljuskajočo Voda, ki pljuskne v ohišje iz katerekoli smeri, ne 14.2.4
vodo sme povzročati nobenih škodljivih učinkov
5 Zaščiteno pred vodnimi curki Voda, ki je v curkih usmerjena v ohišje iz 14.2.5
katerekoli smeri, ne sme povzročati nobenih
škodljivih učinkov
6 Zaščiteno pred močnimi Močni curki vode na ohišje iz katerekoli smeri ne 14.2.6
vodnimi curki smejo povzročati nobenih škodljivih učinkov
7 Zaščiteno pred učinki pri Vdor vode v količinah, ki bi povzročile škodljive 14.2.7
začasni potopitvi v vodo učinke, ne sme biti mogoč, če se ohišje začasno
potopi v vodo pri normalnih pogojih tlaka in časa
8 Zaščiteno pred učinki stalne Vdor vode v količinah, ki bi povzročile škodljive 14.2.8
potopitve v vodo učinke, ne sme biti mogoč, če je ohišje stalno
potopljeno v vodo pod pogoji, o katerih se
morata dogovoriti proizvajalec in uporabnik, ki
pa morajo biti strožji kot za števko 7

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
7 Stopnje zaščite pred dostopom do nevarnih delov, označene z dodatno črko

Dodatna črka označuje stopnjo zaščite oseb pred dostopom do nevarnih delov.

Dodatne črke se uporabljajo samo:

– če je dejanska zaščita pred dostopom do nevarnih delov višja od stopnje, ki jo označuje prva
karakteristična števka,
– ali če je označena le zaščita pred dostopom do nevarnih delov, takrat pa se prva karakteristična
števka nadomesti z X.
Taka višja zaščita je lahko, na primer, zagotovljena s pregradami, primerno obliko odprtin ali ustreznimi
razdaljami znotraj ohišja.
V preglednici IV so podane sonde za preverjanje možnosti dostopa, ki se po dogovoru obravnavajo kot
reprezentativni deli človeškega telesa ali predmetov, ki jih drži oseba, in definicije stopenj zaščite pred
dostopom do nevarnih delov, ki so označene z dodatnimi črkami.

Ohišje se označi samo z navedeno stopnjo zaščite, ki jo označuje dodatna črka, če je ohišje tudi v
skladu z vsemi nižjimi stopnjami zaščite. Vendar pa preskusov, ki bi dokazovali skladnost z eno od nižjih
stopenj zaščite, ni nujno opraviti, če je očitno, da bi bili ti preskusi uspešni, če bi se izvedli.

Preskusi so opredeljeni v točki 15.

Primeri IP-kodiranja so navedeni v dodatku A.

Preglednica IV: Stopnje zaščite pred dostopom do nevarnih delov, označene z dodatno črko

Stopnja zaščite Preskusni
Dodatna
pogoji,
črka
Kratek opis Definicija
glej
A Zaščiteno pred Sonda za preverjanje možnosti dostopa, krogla s premerom 15.2
dostopom s hrbtno 50 mm, mora imeti ustrezno izolacijsko razdaljo do nevarnih
stranjo dlani delov
B Zaščiteno pred Členkasti preskusni prst, premer 12 mm, dolžina 80 mm, 15.2
dostopom s prstom mora imeti ustrezno izolacijsko razdaljo do nevarnih delov
C Zaščiteno pred Sonda za preverjanje možnosti dostopa, premer 2,5 mm, 15.2
dostopom z dolžina 80 mm, mora imeti ustrezno izolacijsko razdaljo do
orodjem nevarnih delov
D Zaščiteno pred Sonda za preverjanje možnosti dostopa, premer 1,0 mm, 15.2
dostopom z žico dolžina 100 mm, mora imeti ustrezno izolacijsko razdaljo do
nevarnih delov
8 Dopolnilne črke
V ustreznem standardu za proizvod se lahko dopolnilne informacije označijo z dopolnilno črko, ki sledi
drugi karakteristični števki ali dodatni črki.

Takšni izjemni primeri morajo biti v skladu z zahtevami tega osnovnega varnostnega standarda,
standard za proizvod pa mora jasno navajati dodatni postopek, ki ga je treba izvesti med preskusi za
takšno razvrstitev.
Spodaj navedene črke so že določene in imajo pomen, kot je navedeno:

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
Črka Pomen
H Visokonapetostni aparat
M Preskušeno glede škodljivih učinkov zaradi vdora vode, ko so gibljivi deli
opreme (npr. rotor rotacijskega stroja) v gibanju
S Preskušeno glede škodljivih učinkov zaradi vdora vode, ko gibljivi deli
opreme (npr. rotor rotacijskega stroja) mirujejo
W Primerno za uporabo v določenih vremenskih razmerah in pri dodatnih
zaščitnih lastnostih ali procesih

OPOMBA: V prvi izdaji IEC 529 je bila črka "W" z enakim pomenom postavljena takoj za črkama "IP".

*
V standardih za proizvode se smejo uporabljati druge črke.

Odsotnost črk S in M pomeni, da stopnja zaščite ni odvisna od tega, ali se deli opreme gibajo ali ne.
Zato bi bilo mogoče treba opraviti preskuse za oba pogoja. Vendar na splošno zadostuje preskus, ki
dokazuje skladnost z enim od teh pogojev, če bi preskus v drugem pogoju očitno ustrezal, če bi bil
izveden.
9 Primeri oznak s kodo IP
9.1 Koda IP brez uporabe izbirnih črk
IP 3 4
Kodne črke
Prva karakteristična števka
Druga karakteristična števka
Ohišje s to oznako (kodo IP):
(3) – ščiti osebe, ki ravnajo z orodji s premerom 2,5 mm in več, pred dostopom do nevarnih delov;

– ščiti opremo znotraj ohišja pred vdorom trdnih tujkov s premerom 2,5 mm in več;

(4) – ščiti opremo znotraj ohišja pred škodljivimi učinki, ki jih povzroči pljusk vode v ohišje iz katerekoli
smeri.
9.2 Koda IP z uporabo izbirnih črk:

IP 2 3 C S
Kodne črke
Prva karakteristična števka
Druga karakteristična števka
Dodatna črka
Dopolnilna črka
*
Zaradi izogibanja podvajanju dopolnilnih črk naj se drug tehnični odbor, preden vpelje novo črko, posvetuje s sekretariatom
tehničnega odbora IEC/TC 70.
SIST EN 60529 : 1997
Ohišje s to oznako (kodo IP):
(2) ščiti osebe pred dostopom do nevarnih delov s prsti:

– ščiti opremo v ohišju pred vdorom trdnih tujkov s premerom 12,5 mm in več;

(3) ščiti opremo znotraj ohišja pred škodljivimi učinki, ki jih povzroča škropljenje vode po ohišju;

(C) ščiti osebe, ki ravnajo z orodji s premerom 2,5 mm in več in z dolžino, ki ne presega 100 mm,
pred dostopom do nevarnih delov (orodje lahko prodre v ohišje s svojo celotno dolžino);

(S) je preskušeno glede zaščite pred škodljivimi učinki zaradi vdora vode, ko vsi deli opreme mirujejo.

10 Označevanje
Zahteve za označevanje je treba določiti v ustreznem standardu za proizvod.

Kjer je primerno, naj tak standard določa tudi metodo označevanja, ki se uporablja, kadar:

– ima en del ohišja drugačno stopnjo zaščite kot drugi del istega ohišja;

– položaj vgradnje vpliva na stopnjo zaščite;

– sta navedena največja globina in čas potopitve.

11 Splošne zahteve za preskuse

11.1 Atmosferski pogoji za preskuse z vodo ali prahom

Če ni v ustreznem standardu za proizvod določeno drugače, je treba preskuse opraviti v standardnih
atmosferskih pogojih, opisanih v IEC 68-1.

Priporočeni atmosferski pogoji med preskusi so naslednji:

Temperaturno območje: 15 °C do 35 °C

Relativna vlažnost: 25 % do 75 %

Zračni tlak: 86 kPa do 106 kPa
(860 mbar do 1 060 mbar)
11.2 Preskusni vzorci
Preskusi, določeni v tem standardu, so preskusi tipa.

Če ni v ustreznem standardu za proizvod določeno drugače, morajo biti preskusni vzorci za vsak
preskus čisti in novi, z vsemi deli nameščenimi in pritrjenimi na način, ki ga določi proizvajalec.

Če preskušanje celotne opreme ni izvedljivo, se preskusijo reprezentativni deli ali manjša oprema z
enakimi podrobnostmi, kot jih ima celotna oprema.

Ustrezen standard za proizvod mora določiti podrobnosti, npr.:

– število vzorcev, ki jih je treba preskusiti,

– pogoje za vgradnjo, sestavljanje in nameščanje vzorcev, na primer z uporabo umetne površine
(stropa, tal ali stene),
OPOMBA: To velja tudi za opremo, ki je namenjena združevanju z drugo ustrezno opremo, npr. za sestavne dele, ki se
lahko uporabljajo samostojno ali v sestavu.

– morebitno predkondicioniranje, ki ga je treba uporabiti,

– ali se preskuša pod napetostjo ali ne,

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
– ali se preskuša s svojimi deli v gibanju ali ne.

Če take specifikacije ni, se uporabljajo navodila proizvajalca.

11.3 Uporaba preskusnih zahtev in razlaga preskusnih rezultatov

Uporaba splošnih zahtev za preskuse in prevzemnih pogojev za opremo, ki ima odtočne luknje ali
prezračevalne odprtine, so v pristojnosti ustreznega tehničnega odbora.

Če take specifikacije ni, se uporabljajo zahteve tega standarda.

Za razlago rezultatov preskusa je pristojen ustrezni tehnični odbor. Če specifikacija ne obstaja, veljajo
vsaj prevzemni pogoji iz tega standarda.

11.4 Kombinacija preskusnih pogojev za prvo karakteristično števko

Oznaka s prvo karakteristično števko pomeni, da so za to števko izpolnjeni vsi preskusni pogoji:

Preglednica V: Preskusni pogoji za stopnje zaščite, označene s prvo karakteristično števko

Prva Preskus zaščite pred
karakteristična
dostopom do nevarnih delov trdnimi tujki
števka
0 Noben preskus ni zahtevan Noben preskus ni zahtevan
1 Krogla s premerom 50 mm ne sme v prodreti celoti, ohranjena mora biti zadostna izolacijska
razdalja
2 Členkasti preskusni prst sme prodreti do Krogla s premerom 12,5 mm ne sme prodreti
svoje dolžine 80 mm, vendar biti mora v celoti
ohranjena zadostna izolacijska razdalja
3 Preskusna palica s premerom 2,5 mm ne sme prodreti in ohranjena mora biti zadostna
izolacijska razdalja
4 Preskusna žica s premerom 1,0 mm ne sme prodreti in ohranjena mora biti zadostna
izolacijska razdalja
5 Preskusna žica s premerom 1,0 mm ne Protiprašno zaščiteno, kot je določeno v
sme prodreti in ohranjena mora biti preglednici II
zadostna izolacijska razdalja
6 Preskusna žica s premerom 1,0 mm ne
Prahotesno, kot je določeno v preglednici II
sme prodreti in ohranjena mora biti
zadostna izolacijska razdalja
Če sta prvi karakteristični števki 1 in 2, izraz "ne prodre v celoti" pomeni, da celoten premer krogle ne sme prodreti skozi
odprtino ohišja.
11.5 Prazna ohišja
Če se ohišje preskuša brez opreme v notranjosti, mora proizvajalec ohišja v svojih navodilih navesti
podrobne zahteve za razporeditev in razmik nevarnih delov ali delov, ki bi lahko bili prizadeti zaradi
vdora tujkov ali vode.
Proizvajalec končnega sestava mora zagotoviti, da po tem, ko je električna oprema zaprta, ohišje
izpolnjuje navedeno stopnjo zaščite končnega izdelka.

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
12 Preskusi zaščite pred dostopom do nevarnih delov, označene s prvo karakteristično
števko
12.1 Sonde za preverjanje možnosti dostopa

Sonde za preverjanje možnosti dostopa za preskušanje zaščite oseb pred dostopom do nevarnih delov
so podane v preglednici VI.
12.2 Preskusni pogoji
Sonda za preverjanje možnosti dostopa se pritisne ob ali (pri preskusu za prvo karakteristično števko 2)
vstavi v vsako od odprtin ohišja s silo, določeno v preglednici VI.

Pri preskusih nizkonapetostne opreme naj se med sondo in nevarnimi deli znotraj ohišja priključi
nizkonapetostno napajanje (najmanj 40 V in ne več kot 50 V) zaporedno z ustrezno žarnico. Nevarni
deli pod napetostjo, ki so pokriti samo z lakom ali barvo ali zaščiteni z oksidacijo ali podobnim procesom,
se prekrijejo s kovinsko folijo, ki je električno povezana z deli, ki so med obratovanjem navadno pod
napetostjo.
Metoda s signalnim tokokrogom se lahko uporabi tudi za nevarne gibljive dele visokonapetostne
opreme.
Če je mogoče, lahko notranji gibljivi deli obratujejo počasi.

SIST EN 60529 : 1997
Preglednica VI: Sonde za preverjanje možnosti dostopa za preskušanje zaščite oseb pred
dostopom do nevarnih delov
Prva Dod. Preskusna
Sonda za preverjanje možnosti dostopa
števka črka sila
1 A 50 N ± 10 %
2 B 10 N ± 10 %
3 C 3 N ± 10 %
4, 5, D 1 N ± 10 %
SIST EN 60529 : 1997
12.3 Prevzemni pogoji
Zaščita ustreza, če se med sondo za preverjanje možnosti dostopa in nevarnimi deli vzdržuje zadostna
izolacijska razdalja.
Pri preskusu za prvo karakteristično števko 1 sonda za preverjanje možnosti dostopa s premerom
50 mm ne sme v celoti preiti skozi odprtino.

Pri preskusu prve karakteristične števke 2 sme členkasti preskusni prst prodreti do svoje dolžine 80 mm,
vendar stopni del (∅ 50 mm × 20 mm) ne sme preiti skozi odprtino. Najprej se oba členka preskusnega
prsta poravnata in potem zaporedno upogibata do kota 90° glede na os drugega členka prsta in se
namestita v vse možne položaje.

Za nadaljnja pojasnila glej dodatek A.

Zadostna izolacijska razdalja pomeni:

12.3.1 Za nizkonapetostno opremo (naznačene napetosti največ 1 000 V izmenično in 1 500 V
enosmerno)
Sonda za preverjanje možnosti dostopa se ne sme dotakniti nevarnih delov pod napetostjo.

Če se ustrezna izolacijska razdalja preverja s signalnim tokokrogom med sondo in nevarnimi deli, se
žarnica ne sme prižgati.
OPOMBA: Ustrezni tehnični odbori naj bodo pozorni na dejstvo, da je pri nekaterih vrstah električne opreme najvišja napetost,
ki nastane znotraj ohišja (efektivna ali enosmerna vrednost delovne napetosti), višja od naznačene napetosti
opreme. Pri določanju dielektrične preskusne napetosti in ustrezne izolacijske razdalje naj se upošteva ta najvišja
napetost.
12.3.2 Za visokonapetostno opremo (naznačene napetosti nad 1 000 V izmenično in 1 500 V
enosmerno)
Ko je sonda za preverjanje možnosti dostopa postavljena v najneugodnejši(e) položaj(-e), mora biti
oprema sposobna vzdržati dielektrične preskuse, kot je določeno v ustreznem standardu za proizvod
za to opremo.
Preverjanje se lahko opravi z dielektričnim preskusom ali s pregledom določene velikosti izolacijske
razdalje v zraku, kar naj bi zagotovilo, da bi bili preskusi pri najneugodnejši konfiguraciji električnega
polja zadovoljivi (glej IEC 71-2).

Kadar ohišje vključuje razdelke z različnimi napetostnimi nivoji, se za vsak razdelek uporabijo primerni
sprejemni pogoji za ustrezno izolacijsko razdaljo.

OPOMBA: Ustrezni tehnični odbori naj bodo pozorni, da je pri nekaterih vrstah električne opreme najvišja napetost, ki nastane
znotraj ohišja (efektivna ali enosmerna vrednost delovne napetosti), višja od naznačene napetosti opreme. Pri
določanju dielektrične preskusne napetosti in ustrezne izolacijske razdalje naj se upošteva ta najv
...

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