EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.]DKWHYHDruckgeräte für Kälteanlagen und Wärmepumpen - Teil 1: Behälter - Allgemeine AnforderungenEquipements sous pression pour systèmes de réfrigération et pompes à chaleur - Partie 1: Récipients - Exigences généralesPressure equipment for refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Part 1: Vessels - General requirements27.200Hladilna tehnologijaRefrigerating technology27.080Heat pumps23.020.30MHNOHQNHPressure vessels, gas cylindersICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011SIST EN 14276-1:2007+A1:2011en,fr,de01-maj-2011SIST EN 14276-1:2007+A1:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 14276-1:2006+A1
February 2011 ICS 23.020.30; 27.080; 27.200 Supersedes EN 14276-1:2006English Version
Pressure equipment for refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Part 1: Vessels - General requirements
Equipements sous pression pour systèmes de réfrigération et pompes à chaleur - Partie 1: Récipients - Exigences générales
Druckgeräte für Kälteanlagen und Wärmepumpen - Teil 1: Behälter - Allgemeine Anforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 May 2006 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 13 December 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
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COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
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Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14276-1:2006+A1:2011: ESIST EN 14276-1:2007+A1:2011

Alternative requirements for prevention of brittle fracture: Method according to temperature stress cases . 42Annex B (normative)
Specification and approval of brazing procedures, brazers and brazing
operators . 46Annex C (normative)
Pressure testing . 60Annex D (informative)
Relations between the different pressures . 64Annex E (normative)
Experimental methods . 65Annex F (normative)
Material characteristics for design . 70Annex G (informative)
Component classification in the sense of the
Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) . 72Annex H (informative)
Selection of module of conformity . 73Annex I (normative)
Grouping system for materials . 75Annex J (informative)
DN System . 77Annex K (normative)
Specification and approval of expansion procedures and operators . 78Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC . 84Bibliography . 86 SIST EN 14276-1:2007+A1:2011

It is important that pressure vessels used in refrigerating systems and heat pumps of category less than II as de-fined in Annex H comply with other relevant clauses of EN 378-2 for vessels. This European Standard applies to pressure vessels where the main pressure bearing parts are manufactured from metallic ductile materials as defined in Clause 4 and Annex I of this standard.
This European Standard does not apply to vessels of the following types: — vessels of riveted construction; — multilayered, autofrettaged or prestressed vessels; — vessels directly heated by a flame; — « roll bond » heat exchangers. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 287-1:2004, Qualification test of welders — Fusion welding — Part 1: Steels !EN 378-1:2008+A1:2010, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 1: Basic requirements, definitions, classification and selection criteria EN 378-2:2008+A1:2009, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation EN 378-4:2008, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 4: Op-eration, maintenance, repair and recovery" EN 764-1:2004, Pressure equipment — Part 1: Terminology — Pressure, temperature, volume, nominal size EN 764-2:2002, Pressure equipment — Part 2: Quantities, symbols and units SIST EN 14276-1:2007+A1:2011

setters for fully mechanized and automatic welding of metallic materials !deleted text" !EN 10111:2008, Continuously hot-rolled low carbon steel sheet and strip for cold forming — Technical delivery conditions EN 10130:2006, Cold-rolled low carbon steel flat products for cold forming — Technical delivery conditions" EN 10160:1999, Ultrasonic testing of steel flat product of thickness equal or greater than 6 mm (reflection method) EN 10164:2004, Steel products with improved deformation properties perpendicular to the surface of the product — Technical delivery conditions EN 10204:2004, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents !EN 12517-1:2006, Non-destructive testing of welds — Part 1: Evaluation of welded joints in steel, nickel,
titanium and their alloys by radiography — Acceptance levels" EN 12797:2000 + A1:2003, Brazing — Destructive tests of brazed joints EN 12799:2000 + A1:2003, Brazing — Non-destructive examination of brazed joints !EN 13445-2:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 2: Materials EN 13445-3:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 3: Design EN 13445-4:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 4: Fabrication EN 13445-5:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 5: Inspection and testing EN 13445-6:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 6: Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure vessel parts constructed from spheroidal graphite cast iron EN 13445-8:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 8: Additional requirements for pressure vessels of aluminium and aluminium alloys" EN 22553:1994, Welded, brazed and soldered joints — Symbolic representation on drawings (ISO 2553:1992) SIST EN 14276-1:2007+A1:2011

(ISO 15607:2003) EN ISO 15609-1:2004, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding pro-cedure specification — Part 1: Arc welding (ISO 15609-1:2004) EN ISO 15611:2003, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Qualification based on previous welding experience (ISO 15611:2003) EN ISO 15612:2004, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Qualification by adoption of a standard welding procedure (ISO 15612:2004) EN ISO 15614-1:2004, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding pro-cedure test — Part 1: Arc and gas welding of steels and arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys (ISO 15614-1:2004) EN ISO 15614-8:2002, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding pro-cedure test — Part 8: Welding of tubes to tube-plate joints (ISO 15614-8:2002) !EN ISO 17672:2010, Brazing — Filler metals (ISO 17672:2010)" ISO 817:2005, Refrigerants — Designation system ISO 857-1:1998, Welding and allied processes — Vocabulary — Part 1: Metal welding processes ISO 5187:1985, Welding and allied processes — Assemblies made with soft solders and brazing filler metals — Mechanical test methods 3 Terms and definitions !For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 378-1:2008+A1:2010, EN 764-1:2004,
EN 764-2:2002, EN 764-3:2002, EN 764-4:2002, EN 764-5:2002, ISO 857-1:1998 and the following apply." 3.1
Definitions 3.1.1 Temperatures stress cases 3.1.1.1 min t0 100 lowest temperature at which pressurised parts are allowed to be used at a stress of up to 100 % of the design stress at 20 °C (standard design stress) SIST EN 14276-1:2007+A1:2011

lowest temperature at which pressurised parts are allowed to be used when their stress is a maximum of 25 % of the design stress at 20 °C (low stress) 3.1.2 corrosion all forms of material wastage (e.g. oxidation, erosion, wear and abrasion) !3.1.3 safety data sheet document which gives all necessary information for prevention, safety, storage, transportation, labelling, use and disposal of substances and preparations which have a risk for health, safety or environment" 3.1.4 maximum design temperature highest temperature that can occur during operation or standstill of the refrigerating system or during testing under test conditions NOTE This temperature is equivalent to the maximum allowable temperature as defined in article 1.2.4 of the PED. 3.1.5 minimum design temperature lowest temperature that can occur during operation or standstill of the refrigerating system or during testing under test conditions NOTE This temperature is equivalent to the minimum allowable temperature as defined in article 1.2.4 of the PED. 3.1.6 main pressure bearing part components of the vessel retaining the pressure and contributing to the vessel strength such as shell, tubesheet, end plate, dished ends, connection or fitting 3.1.7 volume internal volume of a compartment ready for operation, including the volume of nozzles to the first connection (flange, coupling, weld, braze) and excluding the volume of permanent internal part 3.1.8 « roll bond » heat exchanger
heat exchanger consisting of two plates which are weld-bonded together with the exception of the printed circuit forming the refrigerant passage which is obtained by inflation under pressure 3.1.9 maximum operating pressure
maximum pressure which the vessel can withstand without the operation of any safety accessory with a continuous operation of the pressure generator (compressor, heat source.) NOTE This pressure determines the maximum operating conditions for equipment users. SIST EN 14276-1:2007+A1:2011

Key H depth D diameter Figure 1 — Deep drawing 3.1.12 manual brazing brazing operation performed and controlled by hand 3.1.13 semi-automatic brazing brazing with equipment which controls only the brazing filler metal feed. NOTE The advance of the brazing is manually controlled 3.1.14 machine brazing brazing with equipment which performs the brazing operation under the constant control of a brazing operator 3.1.15 automatic brazing brazing with equipment which performs the brazing operation without constant observation and adjustment by a brazing operator 3.1.16 brazer person who performs a manual or semiautomatic brazing operation 3.1.17 brazing operator person who operates a machine or automatic brazing equipment 3.1.18 semiautomatic expansion expansion with equipment which controls the operation and where the operator manually introduces the equipment to the inside of the tube SIST EN 14276-1:2007+A1:2011

mm² AV strengthened mm² AW effective area of expanded joint mm² c corrosion allowance mm dtube nominal outside diameter of tubes mm de external diameter of tube mm di internal diameter of tube mm Ds internal shell diameter mm DN Nominal diameter — e thickness mm eact actual thickness mm eb brazing joint size of tube in the tubesheet mm eW welding joint size of tube in the tubesheet mm en nominal thickness mm Etube Elasticity modulus for tube material at design temperature MPa f nominal design stress at design temperature MPa ftube nominal design stress of tube material at design temperature t °C MPa fttest
nominal design stress at test temperature t °C MPa Fs tube force generated by shell side N Ftube tube force generated by tube side N ltx expanded length on tube inside tubesheet mm lk unsupported tube length
mm L0
gauge length for tensile test mm Ntube Number of tube for a tubular heat exchanger — p tube pitch for tubesheet mm Pc calculation pressure (in formula, Pc can be replaced by P)
MPa or bara
Pd design pressure MPa or bara
P(max) maximum design pressure
MPa or bara PS maximum allowable pressure MPa or bara
Ptest
test pressure MPa or bara
Pv shell side calculation pressure MPa or bara
Ptube tube side calculation pressure MPa or bara
PED Pressure Equipment Directive n° 97/23/EC — Qtube tube force due to tube side N QV tube force due to tubesheet N
upper yield strength MPa Rm tensile strength MPa Rm min minimum tensile strength
MPa Rm avg average value of tensile strength of several test specimens MPa Rm max maximum tensile strength specified in the standard
MPa Rm/t tensile strength at temperature t °C MPa Rm/ttest tensile strength at test temperature t °C MPa Rp avg average value of proof strength of several test specimens MPa Rp0,2 0,2 % proof strength
MPa Rp0,2/t 0,2 % proof strength at temperature t °C MPa Rp0,2/ttest 0,2 % proof strength at test temperature t °C MPa Rp1,0 1,0 % proof strength
MPa Rp1,0/t 1,0 % proof strength at temperature t °C MPa Rp1,0/ttest 1,0 % proof strength at test temperature t °C MPa S0 original cross section area
mm2 SF safety factor
— tc calculation temperature °C td design temperature °C tha temperature of heat absorbing fluid °C the temperature of heat emitting fluid °C z joint coefficient — α thermal expansion
— δe negative wall thickness tolerance mm ν Poisson's ratio — µ basic ligament efficiency of the tubesheet — a 1 bar = 100 000 Pa = 0,1 MPa = 0,1 N/mm2
4 Materials 4.1
General The requirements for materials referenced in this standard shall conform to EN 13445-2, unless modified by the clauses of this section. This standard or reference to other relevant standards shall cover materials not included in EN 13445-2. It is permitted to use non-metallic materials (e.g. gaskets, coatings, insulating materials, sightglasses) provided they are compatible with the other materials, refrigerants and lubricants present. SIST EN 14276-1:2007+A1:2011

Requirements for materials to be used for pressurised parts Materials listed in this standard have been identified for use in refrigerating vessels. If it is required to utilise a mate-rial not listed in this standard, the requirements of EN 13445-2 shall be followed where applicable and the unique nature of refrigerating plant requirements shall also be taken into account.
4.3
Requirements for materials 4.3.1 Vessels manufactured from the following materials satisfy the requirements of this standard for the pressurised parts: 4.3.1.1 Where mechanical properties may be modified by the vessel manufacturing process, the material shall be selected from the following material groups as defined in Annex I — Steel groups: 1.1, 1.2, 8.1 in accordance with Annex I; — Aluminium and aluminium alloys groups: 21, 22 with a limitation of 150 °C of maximum allowable temperature; — Copper group: 31, 34 with a limitation of 150 °C of maximum allowable temperature; — Spheroidal graphite cast iron: EN 13445-6. Tubular products for heat exchange surfaces or for connection with DN less than or equal to 50 can also be se-lected from the following material groups: — Copper and copper alloys groups 32, 33, 35 with a limitation of 150 °C of maximum allowable temperature; — Titanium with a limitation of 150 °C of maximum allowable temperature. 4.3.1.2 For deep drawing, the following steels are particularly suitable: ! — EN 10130, all grades excluding DC 01;" — EN 10111: grade DD12, DD13, DD14. After forming and possible heat treatment, the material selected shall have a minimum elongation of 14 % when measured as defined in 4.3.3.3, and the test sample is taken close to the edge of the end cap. Other materials can be considered provided they conform to this requirement. 4.3.1.3 Where the vessel manufacturing process does not modify mechanical properties, metallic materials other than those quoted in 4.3.1.1 can be used. 4.3.2 Cladding The base metal of clad materials shall be selected from steel groups listed in 4.3.1.1. The cladding materials may be selected from other material groups. !The requirements of EN 13445-2:2009, Annex D shall apply when the strength of the cladding material is in-cluded in the design calculation." 4.3.3 Special considerations 4.3.3.1 Copper and copper alloys shall be ordered in material condition R or Y as defined in the material stan-dard in accordance with the designation system given in EN 1173. SIST EN 14276-1:2007+A1:2011

Requirements for prevention of brittle fracture 4.4.1 General !For pressure vessels the allowed stress at the minimum design temperature is applied as per
EN 13445-2:2009, Annex B or Annex A of this European Standard." Annex A takes into account that due to the physical conditions during the phase change in refrigerating systems, the pressure in the refrigerant containing part of the vessel drops when the refrigerant temperature decreases. Thus at lower temperatures the stresses due to refrigerant pressure are always lower than the stresses at the de-sign pressure according to the relevant table of EN 378-2 (vapour pressure curve of a common refrigerant, see Figure A.1). In the case of fluids without phase change, e.g. brine, the pressure does not change at low temperatures, therefore in Annex A the permissible stress of the component parts is determined by higher safety factors (see Table A.1). SIST EN 14276-1:2007+A1:2011

Material documentation !The material of the main pressure bearing parts of vessels of categories II, III, IV shall be delivered with a spe-cific product control document as defined in EN 10204:2004 (e.g. 3.1, 3.2). The materials for other pressure bearing parts, and for vessels where the category is I or lower. Filler materials used for welding and brazing shall be delivered with a test report 2.2 as defined in EN 10204:2004." 4.6
Materials for non-pressure retaining parts Materials for non pressurised parts, such as lifting lugs, supporting skirts, baffles etc., which are permanently joined to pressurised parts of the vessel, and welding and brazing consumables, shall be selected by the vessel manufac-turer in order to avoid undesirable effects with the material to which they are attached. The materials shall be sup-plied against materials specifications covering as a minimum the requirements for chemical composition and tensile properties. The vessel manufacturer shall specify impact properties when required by the design conditions. These materials shall be compatible with the materials to which they are attached. 5 Pressure Vessel classification 5.1
Category of vessel The pressure vessels are classified into 4 categories in accordance with the following: a) the product of maximum allowable pressure in bar times the volume in litres; b) the fluid classification as defined in 5.2; c) the fluid state: 1) gases, liquefied gases, gases dissolved under pressure and those liquids whose vapour pressure at the maximum allowable temperature is greater than 0,5 bar; 2) liquids having a vapour pressure at the maximum allowable temperature of not more than 0,5 bar. For this standard, the refrigerant containing parts are always considered as a gas circuit. The informative Annex H of this standard defines the limits of the 4 categories. SIST EN 14276-1:2007+A1:2011

Fluid classification 5.2.1 Refrigerants !EN 378-1:2008+A1:2010, Annex E gives the classification of the refrigerant within Group 1 (dangerous fluid) or Group 2 (non dangerous fluid)." 5.2.2 Other fluids Other fluids used shall be classified according to their Material Safety Data Sheets as follows: — !Fluids and mixtures other than refrigerants shall be classified as Group 1 or 2. NOTE Regulation CLP 1272/2008 gives the classification of chemical products and mixtures." — Group 2 (non-dangerous fluids): fluids with no risk or other risks not quoted above associated with them. When a mixture of fluids contains at least one fluid classified as Group 1, the mixture shall be classified as Group 1 unless there is evidence available either in the details given in the material safety data sheet or in the manufac-turer’s supporting documents to classify the mixture as Group 2. 6 Design 6.1 General This clause covers pressure vessels constructed of materials as defined in Clause 4. The dimensions of pressur-ised parts shall withstand the design pressure (Pd) at the design temperature (td). The requirements for design referenced in this standard shall meet the requirements of EN 13445-3 unless modi-fied by the clauses of this section. 6.2 Corrosion and corrosion protection 6.2.1 General The corrosion allowances specified in this clause are based on the assumption that the vessel shall be maintained as prescribed in EN 378-2. If it is intended to maintain the system to any other requirement, the other allowances may have to be used and stated in the vessel documentation. 6.2.2 Internal corrosion !For surfaces in contact with HFC's type refrigerants listed in EN 378-1:2008+A1:2010, Annex E, internal corro-sion is negligible and the minimum corrosion allowance may be taken to be 0 mm. Other values, greater than zero, may be selected by the manufacturer." For other types of refrigerant and for other fluids, the minimum corrosion allowance shall be assumed to be 0 mm. Other values, greater than zero, may be selected by the manufacturer. SIST EN 14276-1:2007+A1:2011
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